建筑結(jié)51課件講解

建筑結(jié)構(gòu)ArchitecturalStructures課程導(dǎo)入CourseIntroduction超大建筑規(guī)模SuperLargeScaleBuilding空前施工難度UnprecedentedConstructionDifficulty頂尖建造技術(shù)Cutting-edgeConstructionTechniques需滿足120年使用壽命MustMeetaLifespanof120Years混凝土強度等級的劃分和選擇DivisionandSelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades2.5結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計基本原理BasicPrinciplesofStructuralDesign目錄

CONTENTS混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades1混凝土強度等級選用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades2混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGradesPARTONE混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades水泥Cement砂（細骨料）Sand(fineaggregate)石（粗骨料）Stone(coarseaggregate)水Water混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土立方體抗壓強度CompressiveStrengthofConcreteCubesfcu測試方法：長寬高均為150mm立方體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試件，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件（即：溫度20±3℃，相對濕度≥90%）下養(yǎng)護28天，測得具有95%保證率立方體抗壓強度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值，用符號fcu，k表示。Thetestmethodis:usingcubestandardspecimenswithdimensionsof150mmoneachside,curedfor28daysunderstandardconditions(i.e.,temperatureof20±3°C,relativehumiditynotlessthan90%),thestandardvalueofcompressivestrengthofcubeswitha95%guaranteerate,denotedbythesymbolfcu,k,ismeasured.混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土立方體抗壓強度CompressiveStrengthofConcreteCubesfcuC30混凝土立方體抗壓強度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為30N/mm2，即30MPa。Thestandardvalueofconcrete'scubecompressivestrengthis30N/mm2,whichisequivalentto30Mpa.混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范》（GB50010-2010）"CodeforDesignofConcreteStructures"(GB50010-2010)C15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80高強混凝土High-strengthconcrete混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades以棱柱體為試件來表示混凝土抗壓強度。Thecompressivestrengthofconcreterepresentedbyprismaticspecimens.混凝土軸心抗壓強度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土的軸心抗壓強度比立方體強度更接近構(gòu)件中混凝土實際受壓時的強度，是混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算中的重要強度指標(biāo)。Theaxialcompressivestrengthofconcreteisclosertotheactualstrengthofconcreteundercompressioninstructuralmemberscomparedtocubestrength.Itservesasanimportantstrengthindicatorinconcretestructuraldesigncalculations.混凝土軸心抗壓強度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades棱柱體試件高寬比一般為2～3，我國通常取150mm×150mm×300mm棱柱體試件，用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗方法測得的具有95％保證率的抗壓強度。Theheight-to-widthratioofprismaticspecimensisgenerally2-3.InChina,prismspecimenswithdimensionsof150mm×150mm×300mmarecommonlyused,andthecompressivestrengthwitha95%guaranteerateisobtainedusingstandardtestmethods.混凝土軸心抗壓強度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades考慮結(jié)構(gòu)中混凝土強度與試件混凝土強度間差異引入的修正系數(shù)。Thecorrectionfactorconsideringthedifferencebetweentheconcretestrengthinthestructureandthestrengthofthetestspecimen.

混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades脆性折減系數(shù)Thebrittlereductioncoefficient：C40：C80：混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades除抗壓強度，對于不允許裂縫出現(xiàn)的混凝土受拉構(gòu)件，還需驗算構(gòu)件抗拉強度。Inadditiontoconsideringcompressivestrength,forconcretetensilememberswherecrackingisnotallowed,thetensilestrengthofthemembersalsoneedstobechecked.混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土軸心抗拉強度：ftTensileStrengthofConcreteinAxialDirection:ft鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)計算抗裂度重要指標(biāo)Thecalculationofcrackresistanceisanimportantindicatorforreinforcedconcretestructures直接拉伸試驗Directtensiletest劈裂試驗Splittingtest兩端所埋的鋼筋不易對中，實測數(shù)據(jù)偏差較大，較少采用。Reinforcementburiedatbothendsisdifficulttoalign,resultinginsignificantdeviationsinmeasureddata.Asaresult,itislesscommonlyused.100100150150500混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades劈裂試驗SplittingtestF：劈拉破壞時的荷載F:Theloadatsplittingfailured：圓柱體直徑或立方體試件的邊長d:ThediameterofthecylinderortheedgelengthofthecubespecimenddftsFFFF混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades實際工程中混凝土多處于復(fù)雜受力狀態(tài)Inactualengineering,concreteisoftensubjectedtocomplexstressstates

1=fcc

1=fcc

2=

3=fLfL—側(cè)向約束壓應(yīng)力fL-LateralConfinementStress有側(cè)向約束時的抗壓強度Thecompressivestrengthwithlateralconfinement無側(cè)向約束時圓柱體的單軸抗壓強度Theunconfinedcompressivestrengthofacylinderwithoutlateralconfinement混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades對于縱向受壓混凝土，約束混凝土側(cè)向變形，可使混凝土抗壓強度和延性有較大提高。實際工程中常用鋼管混凝土柱、螺旋鋼箍柱等形式。Forlongitudinallycompressedconcrete,restrainingthelateraldeformationofconcretecangreatlyincreaseitscompressivestrengthandductility.Inactualengineering,formssuchasconcrete-filledsteeltubecolumnsandspiralreinforcedconcretecolumnsareoftenused.混凝土強度等級劃分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土強度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值（N/mm2）StandardValueofConcreteStrength強度類型TypeofStrength混凝土強度等級ConcreteStrengthGradeC15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80fck10.013.416.720.123.426.829.632.435.538.541.544.547.450.2ftk1.271.541.782.012.202.392.512.642.742.852.932.993.053.11混凝土強度設(shè)計值（N/mm2）DesignValueofConcreteStrength強度類型TypeofStrength混凝土強度等級ConcreteStrengthGradeC15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80fc7.209.6011.914.316.719.121.123.125.327.529.731.833.835.9ft0.911.101.271.431.571.711.801.891.962.042.092.142.182.22混凝土抗拉強度大約為抗壓強度的1/10Thetensilestrengthofconcreteisapproximately1/10ofitscompressivestrength混凝土強度等級選用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGradesPARTTWO混凝土強度等級選用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范》（GB50010-2010）"CodeforDesignofConcreteStructures"(GB50010-2010)12３素混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的混凝土強度等級不應(yīng)低于C15TheconcretestrengthgradeofplainconcretestructuresshouldnotbelowerthanC15鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的混凝土強度等級不應(yīng)低于C20TheconcretestrengthgradeofreinforcedconcretestructuresshouldnotbelowerthanC20采用400MPa及以上鋼筋，混凝土強度等級不低于C25Whenusingsteelbarswithayieldstrengthof400M