考點1　賓語從句 中考英語語法專題探究

語法十二主從復(fù)合句第2部分語法專題探究考點精講試題精練考點1賓語從句鏈接中考考點精講在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的句子稱為賓語從句。賓語從句主要考查三要素：語序、引導(dǎo)詞和時態(tài)。1.賓語從句的語序賓語從句必須用陳述語序，即“引導(dǎo)詞＋主語＋謂語(＋其他)”?！咀⒁狻慨?dāng)what,who,which在賓語從句中作主語時，從句語序為“what/who/which＋謂語(＋其他)”。Ourteacheraskeduswhobrokethewindow.我們老師問我們誰打破了窗戶。2.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞用法例子that無詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中常被省略。ButIbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyearthere.

但我認(rèn)為四月是那里一年中最熱的月份。(RJ九全U2)if/whether意為“是否”，不充當(dāng)句子成分，但不可以省略。Idon’tknowif/whethershe’lldancewithme.

我不知道她會不會與我共舞。引導(dǎo)詞用法例子疑問代詞what,which,who(2023.40),whom,whose,whoever等充當(dāng)從句中的主語、賓語、表語或定語，不可以省略。Weneedtorethink①_____weeateveryday.我們需要重新思考一下我們每天吃什么。疑問副詞where(2024.40,2023.40),when(2024.40,2023.40),why,how(2024.40)等充當(dāng)從句中的狀語，不可以省略。Share②_______youfeelbysaying

“I…”.通過說“我……”來分享你的感受。what

how

【注意】if和whether均可表示“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，一般情況下二者可以互換。但在下列情況下，只能用whether而不能用if：whether

3.賓語從句的時態(tài)(遵循三大原則)原則主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)例子需要性原則現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r根據(jù)實際情況使用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。Hesayshe④_________(come)backtomorrow.他說他明天回來。呼應(yīng)性原則過去時使用過去的某種時態(tài)(一般過去時/過去將來時/過去進(jìn)行時/過去完成時)。SheaskedmeifI⑤_______(know)whosepenitwas.她問我是否知道這支鋼筆是誰的。特殊性原則當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀事實或普遍真理時，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時。Theteachertoldus(that)theearth⑥______(move)aroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。willcome

knew

moves

4.賓語從句的簡化當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語或間接賓語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,ask,tell,show,teach等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。Shedoesn’tknowwhensheshouldgothere.＝Shedoesn’tknowwhen⑦_(dá)_____there.她不知道應(yīng)該何時去那兒。togo

【注意】賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：當(dāng)主句的主語是第一人稱，且謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose等時，從句的否定詞要前移至主句。Idon’tthinktheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我認(rèn)為他們還未完成自己的工作。鏈接中考賓語從句在單項選擇中的應(yīng)用(5年4考，每年0～1道)考查角度解題思路賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞或句意辨析題干多采用對話形式，可根據(jù)答語推斷問句的句意，選擇符合句意的引導(dǎo)詞或從句?！究键c突破】若選項非陳述語序，或時態(tài)不符合語境，可直接排除。(2024廣西40題單選)—Couldyoupleasetellme________？—Inmyhometown.A．howyouusuallygotoschoolB．whereyouusuallyspendyourholidayC．whenyouusuallyhavebreakfastatschool解析：根據(jù)答語“Inmyhometown.”可知，上句詢問的內(nèi)容和地點有關(guān)。將各選項代入空格處，只有“whereyouusuallyspendyourholiday”符合句意。故選B。

(2023廣西40題單選)—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________？—At7o’clockintheevening.A．whentheconcertwillstartB．wherewecanbuyconcertticketsC．whowillsingsongsattheconcert解析：根據(jù)答語“At7o’clockintheevening.”可知，上句詢問的內(nèi)容和時間有關(guān)。將各選項代入空格處，只有“whentheconcertwillstart”符合句意。故選A。試題精練單項選擇引導(dǎo)詞＋句意1.—Amy,doyouknow________？—Yes.It’sonThursday.A．whowilltakepartintheclassmeetingB．wherewe’llhaveaclassmeetingC．whenwe’llhaveaclassmeeting2.(2024福建)—Doyouknow________？—YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,allborninthe1980s.A．howtheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceB．whentheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceC．whoenteredspaceintheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢ3.—Couldyoutellme________？—BetterthanIexpected.A．whenyoutookyourexamsB．howyourspeechwasC．whetheryouwenttotheconcert4.—Iwonder________．—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousB．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziC．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5.(2024白銀改編)—Excuseme,doyouknow________？—Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.A．whereIcanbuysomevegetablesB．howtogettothepostofficeC．whenthebandstartsplaying6.—IamcuriousaboutGuangxi’sculture.Couldyoutellme________？—GuangxiMuseumwouldbeawonderfulplace.A．whenIcantravelthereB．whichplaceIshouldgoC．howIcangotoGuangxiMuseum7.(2024臨夏州改編)—Doyouknow________？—Becausethescenery(景色)thereissofascinatingandthecultureissorich.A．whattheythinkofDunhuangB．whymanypeopletraveltoDunhuangC．wherewecanlearnaboutDunhuang8.(2024東營改編)—Doyouknow________？—20—30minutes,theexpertssuggest.A．whatweshouldeatforamealB．whyweshouldnoteatamealtooquicklyC．howlongweshouldspendeatingameal引導(dǎo)詞＋句意＋時態(tài)9.—Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?—Heaskedme________．A．whoIamshoutingatB．whyIlookedangrythenC．whenIwillworkouttheproblem10.—What’syourplanfortomorrow?—Iwanttogoout.ButIdon’tknow________．A．whereIwentjustnowB．whattheweatherwillbelikeC．thattheparkisworthavisit11.—I’mnotsure________．—You’vetriedyourbest.Whatevertheresultis,don’tbetoohardonyourself.A．whenIknewtheresultofmytestB．whetherIcangethighmarksinthetestC．whyIhavetoprepareforthetest引導(dǎo)詞(＋句意)＋語序12.(2024樂山)—IjustwentbackfromGuangzhou.Canyouguess________？—Isupposeyoutookthehigh-speedtrain.A．howdidIgetthereB．whenIgotthereC．howIgotthere13.—Jack,Doyouknow________？Iwanttothankhimorherinperson.—No,itwasjustleftonthefrontdesk.A．wheremywalletisB．whosentmywalletbackC．howmuchmoneywasinmywallet14.(2024綏化)—Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.