2021屆北京醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析

2021屆北京醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AWhattoEat—andWhattoSkip—WhenItComestoTakeoutFoodIftheburdenonyourwalletdoesn'tbotheryoumuch,theeffectyourtakeouthabitcanhaveonyourwaistlinejustmightarouseyourattention.Here'sthebestandworstofthelotforyourbelly.SteamedVegetableDumplings:OrderThis.WhensheordersChinese,registereddietitiannutritionistElisaZiedgetsanorderofsteamedvegetabledumplings."Ioftenpairthemwitheitherchickenandbroccoliinbrownsauce（Iaskforalittlesaucemadewithoutsugar）orsteamedshrimpdumplings,"shetellsus.CrabWontons:NotThat!Whenyoudeconstructcrabwontons,it'seasytoseewhythey'rea"NotThat!"Theinsideisfilledwithcrabmeatandcreamcheese（whichisjustafancy,spreadablefat）.Thewontonismadeofrefinedflour,eggandsaltandthecrispy（脆的）coatingisaresultofadeepoilbath.PekingDuck:OrderThis.Mostofthefatfromtheskinflowsoutoftheduckoverthecourseofcooking,makingthisahealthierchoicethanmostofthestir-frydishesavailable.Orderasideofsteamedvegetablesandserveitwithasmallscoopofbrownrice.Doneanddone!SweetandSourAnything:NotThat!Anythingwith“sweetandsour”initstitleisapowerfulcuethatsomethinghasbeendeep-friedandcoveredinasickly-sweetpinksauce.Ifyoupairyourselectionwithasideofrice,you'relookingata1,000-caloriemeal.SummerRoll:OrderThis.Summerrollsaresteamedinsteadoffried—andtypicallyfilledwithleanproteinsandvegetables,makingthemawinningappetizerinourbook.Pairthemwithanorderofedamame（毛豆）andabroth-basedsoupforasatisfying,fillingmeal.SpringRoll:NotThat!Spring=deep-fried,whichiswhywesaytoskipthem!They'refilledwithfatandcaloriesyourbellydoesn'tneed.1.Whatkindofcookingmethodshouldbeskippedaccordingtothetext?A.Steaming.B.Stir-frying.C.Deep-frying.D.Boiling.2.Whichofthefollowingsuitsasagoodstarterforameal?A.Chickenandbroccoli.B.Steamedvegetabledumplings.C.Pekingduck.D.Summerrolls.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inarecipe.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inasciencefiction.D.Inahealthmagazine.BOnebillionpeopleintheworldareshortofwater.Howcanthisproblembesolved.Somesuggestionshavebeentodesalinateoceanwaterortobuildenormouswaterpipelinesfromareaswherewaterisabundant.(Suggestionssuchastheseproveextremelyexpensivewhentheyareactuallyused.)OnepossibilitythatscientistsareconsideringispullingicebergsfromeithertheNorthPoleortheSouthPoletopartsoftheworldwithawatershortage.Althoughmanyquestionsmustbeansweredbeforesuchaprojectcouldbetried,movingicebergsseemsareasonablepossibilityinthefuture.Engineers,mathematicians,andglaciologistsfromadozencountrieshavebeenconsideringtheicebergasafuturesourceofwater.SaudiArabiaisparticularlyinterestedinthisprojectbecauseithasagreatwatershortage.Scientistsestimatethatitwouldtake128daystotransportalargeiceberg(about1/2squaremile)toSaudiArabia.Yettheicebergwouldbecompletelymeltedbythe104thday.Therefore,insulationwouldbeessential,buthowtoinsulatetheicebergremainsanunsolvedproblem.Theproblemsintransportinganicebergarenumerous.Thefirstproblemischoosingtheicebergtopull.TheicebergsthatformintheNorthPolearequitedifficulttohandlebecauseoftheirshape.Onlyasmallportionextendsabovethewater—mostoftheicebergisbelowthesurface,whichwouldmakeitdifficulttopull.SouthPoleicebergs,ontheotherhand,areflatandfloatliketabletops.Thustheywouldbemucheasiertomove.Howcana200-million-tonicebergbemoved.Noshipisstrongenoughtopullsuchenormousweightthroughthewater.Perhapsseveralshipscouldbeused.Attachingropestoanicebergthissizeisalsoanenormousproblem.Engineersthinkthatlargenailsorlongmetalrodscouldbedrivenintotheice.Whatwouldhappeniftheicebergsplitsintoseveralpiecesduringthepulling.Evenifanicebergwithveryfewcrackswerechosen,howcoulditbepulledthroughstormywaters.Furthermore,oncetheicebergreacheditsdestination,veryfewportswouldbedeepenoughtostoreit.Alloftheseproblemsmustbesolvedbeforeicebergscanbecomeareasonablesourceofwater.Yetscientistsestimatethatitwillbepossibletotransporttheminthenearfuture.Eachyear,enoughicebergsformtosupplythewholeworldwithfreshwaterforafullyear.Inaddition,icebergsarefreeandnonpolluting.Asasolutiontotheworld’swaterproblems,icebergsmaybeaworkablepossibility.4.Whatisaproblemintransportingiceberg?A.Thesizeoftheiceberg.B.Thecolouroftheiceberg.C.Thesaltintheiceberg.D.Themovementofairandwater.5.Whatistheauthor’attitudetowardstransportingiceberg?A.Pessimistic.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Unconcerned.6.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Itishardtouseiceberg.B.Icebergareagoodchoice.C.Thereareproblemswithiceberg.D.Manfindsnootherwaystosolvewatershortage.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Shortageofwater.B.Icebergsforwater.C.Scientistsandicebergs.D.Iceberg—scientistsheadache.COurhousewasacrossthestreetfromabighospitalsowerentedourspareupstairsroomtooutpatients(門診病人).Oneevening,therewasaknockatthedoor.Iopenedittoseeatrulysick-lookingman.Hisfacelookedterrible—itwasswollenandred.Yethisvoicewaspleasant.Hetoldmethathecamefortreatmentandthathe’dbeenhuntingforaspareroomsincenoon,butnoonewouldgivehimone.“Iguessit’smyface...”Foramoment,Ihesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme:“Iwillsleepinthisrockingchairontheporch.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning.”Theoldmanhadahugeheartinsidehistinybody.Hetoldmethathefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,hisdaughter’sfivechildrenandherdisabledhusband.Hedidn’tcomplainwhiletellingmehisstory.Hewasgratefulthatnopainaccompaniedhisdisease,whichwasseeminglyaformofskincancer.Thenextmorning,hesaid,“CanIcomebackandstaynexttimeIneedtreatment?”Itoldhimhewaswelcometocomeagain.Onhisnexttrip,asagift,hebroughtabigfishandsomelargeoysters(牡蠣).Intheyearsthathestayedwithus,therewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusgiftslikethese.MyneighbourwarnedmethatIcouldlosepotentialrentersaftertheoldmanleft.Maybewedidloserentersonceortwice.Butiftheyhadknownhim,perhapstheirillnesseswouldhavebeeneasiertobear.Iknowourfamilywillalwaysbegratefultohaveknownhim.Fromhim,welearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.8.Whydidtheauthorlettheoldmanstayafterhesitation?A.Theoldmanlooksterribleandfrightening.B.Theoldmanispitifullyundemanding.C.Theoldmancould’trentroomfromothers.D.Theoldmantalkedhappilywiththeauthor.9.Whichofthefollowingshowstheoldmanhadabigheart?A.Hehadalargefamilytoraise.B.Hecouldsleepinarockingchair.C.Hedid’tcareabouthisdisease.D.Hewantedtocomebackandstaythenexttime.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasgratefulfortheneighbour’swarning.B.Heandhisneighboraregoodfriends.C.Hetrulyappreciatedtheoldman.D.Helostpotentialrentershappily.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Kindnessmakestheworldbeautiful.B.Happinessisaroundthecorner.C.Nopains,Nogains.D.Livepositively.DTohearpeopletalkaboutInternetfriendships,youwouldthinkitwasonegiantwebofcat-fishingande-crime.Whileweallundoubtedlyhavetotakemeasurestoremainsafeonline,assumingeveryfriendshiporconnectionmadeonInstagram,TwitterorFacebookischeatingorinsincerewouldbeamistake.Asawomanwhoworksinthecreativeindustry,IhavefoundrealjoyinseekingoutacommunityIcouldn’tfindelsewhere,andmakingsomegreatfriendsalongtheway.MyfirstonlinefriendshipwasonTwitterwithmy(now)bestfriend,duringtheuniversityexamperiod.Weexchangedstudynotesindozensofdirectmessages,setastudydate,andhaven’tlookedbacksince.Drawntoeachotherbysimilarcircumstances,friendshipsonlinearesimilartoofflineinthattheytendtobeginbecauseofsharedinterestorcommonground-maybethey’vereadthepostonInstagram.Maybetheyhavethesametasteinfoodorpolitics.Ormaybetheyjustlovememestoo.Ifonlinefriendshipsstartsimilartofriendshipsoffline,theygrowinthesameway,too.Oftenthroughmutualsupport:apartfromcallingafriendtocongratulatehimonthatnewjob,youalsore-tweethisjokesandpraisehisInstagramstory.DespitemypositiveexperienceswhenItellpeople,mostarestillsuspicious.EyebrowsareraisedhigherwhenIexplainnotonlyhaveIfoundacommunityonlinebuthavemadefriendshipswithpeopleImeetface-to-facetoo.Actually,thesearejustasvalidasotherfriendships,accordingtobehaviouralpsychologistJoHemmings,whosaysonlinefriendshipscanbereal.Sohowdoyouknowifpeoplearetherefortherealyouorjustbecauseyou’repopularonInstagram?Hemmingshassimplerules.Shetellsme“Youhavetoequallyfeelcomfortablethatyou’regettingsomethingofeachotherinsteadofbeingusedtoenablesomethingthatisn’tfriendship.”Therefore,ifalla“friend”onlineisaskingyoutodoistopromotetheirworkorpersonalbrandandrarelytakesaninterestinyou,thentheremayberoomtoquestionthebasisofthefriendship.Onthatnoteitisworthrememberingthatjustbecausesomeonehasalotoffollowers,itdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheyhavelotsoffriends.12.Whatismostpeople’sattitudetowardsonlinefriendship?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Objective.D.Neutral.13.Whydoesthewritershareherownexperienceinparagraph2?A.Tointroducethebackgroundinformationofthetext.B.Toconveythewriter’sattitudeandgivetherelatedexample.C.Toprovethelikelyriskforpeopletodevelopfriendshiponline.D.Toremindpeopleofthevariousbenefitsofmakingfriendsonline.14.Howcanonlineandofflinefriendshipsbedeepened?A.Theyshouldbebasedonsharedinterest.B.Theyneedtohavecommonground.C.Theyrequiresupportfromeachother.D.Theycan’tlivewithoutsocialmedia.15.Accordingtotheauthor,what’sthegoldenruletomakefriendsonline?A.Afriendtoallisafriendtonone.B.Withoutconfidencethereisnofriendship.C.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.D.Friendshipcannotstandalwaysononeside.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)HowtoleadabalancedlifeManystudentssufferfromstressintheirdailylives.Theyareunderstressbecausetheirlivesarenotbalanced.Theyfocustoomuchonstudying,worryingaboutwhatothersthink,andnotenoughonotherthings.Youmaywonderwhetherstressisaseriousmatter.Theansweris"Yes".Youshouldbeawarethatstressisarisktoyourhealth.Ifyouwanttolivealongandhealthylife,youneedtobegintoguardagainststressfromayoungage.___16___Theycanhelptobringbalancetoyourlife.Bepositive.___17___Youshouldalwayslookonthebrightsideoflife,andimaginethatyouwillhaveahappyandsuccessfulfuture.___18___Forceyourselftotakeabreakfromyourstudiesandworriesaboutexams.Youcandothisbytakingawalk,readingabook,goingtoaconcertorseeingafilm.Youcanalsojustsitinaquietplaceandbesilentforamoment.Takeupahobby.Learntopaint,takeupskating,orstartplayingamusicalinstrument.___19___Takecareofyourbody.Stressisyourbody’senemy.Takingregularexercise,eatingahealthydietandgettingenoughsleepareallthethingsthatcanhelpyou.Laugh.___20___Seeingafunnyfilmortellingjokeswithfriendswilloftenmakeyouhappywhenyouarelow.A.Learntorelax.B.Takesomemedicineforstress.C.Herearesomewaystodealwithstress.D.Workhardatyourlessonsbeforeexams.E.Sometimeslaughteristhebestmedicineforstress.F.Onewaytocanceloutstressisthroughpositivethinking.G.Whenyouarebusywithahobby,youleaveallyourworriesbehind.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Bothintheirseventies,TububatuandhiswifeTaoshengchaganliveinavillagenearBadainJaran,InnerMongolia.They'vebeenspendingeverydaysincetheyretiredin2002fightingagainst____21____.BeforeTububatuothershadtriedbut____22____.Hejustwantedtomakeadifference.Hestartedby____23____just50treesayear,butkeptdoublinghis____24____tothepointwherehenowplantsthousandsoftreesayear.Theretiredcouplehavebeenslowlygrowingtheirlittledesertforestattheirown____25____.sothattheyliveavery____26____life.Eventhoughtheymostlyplantdrought-resistant(抗旱的)typeslikesacsaoultreesanddesertcistanche,theystillmakesureto____27____thematleastonceadaytomakethemgrow____28____Althoughthey’vebeen____29____bysomeneighborswhothinktheireffortsare____30____tofail,theyhaven’tgivenup.Overthelast19years,thecouplehaveplantedover266hectaresofdesertandhaveno____31____ofstopping.Besides____32____thespreadofthedesert,Tububatuisalsomakingalivingbyplanting,asthedesertcistancheisa(n)____33____medicinalplantthatcansellforupto100yuanperkilogram.Fornearly20yearsTububatuandhiswifehavebeenworkinghard,and____34____theyhaveplantedover70,000trees,____35____morethanImillionyuanoftheirsavings.The____36____conditionshaveweakenedtheirhealthandtheylook____37____thantheyactuallyare,buttheyrefuseto____38____theirbattleagainstthedesert.Thecouplehavereceivedseveral____39____andhonorsfromthegovernmentovertheyears,becomingagood____40____forallenvironmentalists.21.A.pollutionB.povertyC.sandstormD.hunger22.A.changedB.finishedC.failedD.disappeared23.A.growingB.buyingC.borrowingD.protecting24.A.ideasB.effortsC.dreamsD.difficulties25.A.expenseB.riskC.timeD.convenience26.A.comfortableB.quietC.happyD.simple27.A.cutB.coverC.waterD.replace28.A.equallyB.quicklyC.naturallyD.healthily29.A.cheeredupB.laughedatC.pickedupD.takenin30.A.readyB.sureC.earlyD.final31.A.plansB.hopesC.chancesD.ways32.A.stressingB.improvingC.slowingD.following33.A.cheapB.ordinaryC.uselessD.popular34.A.intheprocessB.ontheotherhandC.inotherwordsD.onaverage35.A.losingB.spendingC.wastingD.collecting36.A.specialB.strangeC.differentD.terrible37.A.tallerB.dirtierC.thinnerD.older38.A.continueB.abandonC.startD.announce39.A.cardsB.lettersC.prizesD.reviews40.A.modelB.roleC.familyD.lesson第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式OnWorldOceansDay,whichfallsonJune8,theUSNationalGeographicSocietyannounceditwouldrecognizetheSouthernOceaninAntarctica,bringingtheglobaltotaltofive.UnliketheArctic,Atlantic,IndianandPacificOceans-which____41.____(define)bythecontinentsthatboundthem-theSouthernOceanisinsteadcharacterizedbytheAntarcticCircumpolarCurrent(ACC).AccordingtotheNationalGeographic,theSouthernOceanincludesmostofthewaters____42.____(surround)Antarcticaoutto60degreessouthlatitude.Rimmed(環(huán)繞)bythepowerfullyswiftACC,itis____43.____onlyoceantotouchthreeothersandto____44.____(complete)embraceacontinentratherthanbeingembracedbythem.ThosefamiliarwiththeSouthernOceanknowit'sunlikeanyother.“Anyone____45.____hasbeentherewillstruggletoexplainwhat'ssofascinatingaboutit,butthey'llallagreethattheglaciersarebluer,theaircolder,andthelandscapes____46.____(pretty)thananywhereelseyoucango,”SethSykora-Bodie,amarinescientisttoldNationalGeographic.DuetotheecologicallydistinctenvironmentoftheSouthernOcean,it'shometothousandsofuniquespecies.Theoceanalsohaswiderecologicaleffects.Forexample,humpbackwhalesareknowntofeed____47.____smallshrimpoffAntarcticaduringthesummer____48.____theyaremigratingnorthtothewarmerclimatesofCentralandSouthAmericaforthecolderwinter____49.____(month),accordingtotheDailyMail.NationalGeographichopestheirrevisedmapswillbringpublic_____50._____(aware)totheregion,therebyencouragingSouthernOceanconservation.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(^)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。ThefirstdayIwenttohighschool,Iseesomeofmyclassmatesplayingtabletennis.Amazedatwhatskillfultheywere,Iwasdeterminingtobejustasgood.Lateon,Ioftenwatchedthemcarefullylearntheirtechniques.ThenIkeptpracticinguntilwebecameconfidentenoughtochallengethem.Attheendoftheterm,Ibecameoneofthebestplayerinourclass.Iamrealproudofthisexperience,becauseofithelpsmerealizethatweallcanfulfillourpotentialandachieveourgoalsthroughhardwork.Italsohelpsmebetterunderstandaproverb“Practicemakesperfect.”第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Itwasacold,snowyevening.Tommywasrunningasfastashecould,focusedonnothingbuthisdestination----theshoponthestreetcorner.Twoweeksagohesawfigurines(小塑像)ofMarvelsuperheroesontheshelvesandfelthehadtohaveone.He’sbeenwalkingtheneighbor’sdogeversincethentoearnmoneytofulfilhislittledream.Hewassoexcitedandbarelynoticingtheworldaroundhim.Maybethat’swhyhetrippedoverthelegsofahomelesswoman,whowassittingonthepavement,herbackagainstthewall.Hemurmured(低語(yǔ))"sorry"andmovedontohisdestination.Onceheenteredtheshop,hewentstraighttotheshelveswithfigurines.Hulk,Thor,CaptainAmerica,IronMan,andmanymore----allofhisadmiredheroes.WithhisheartpoundinglikecrazyhereachedforSpiderman.“Youlikethese,truebeliever?”Tommyturnedaround.Anoldmanwasstandingbehindhim