新教材適用2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit4AdversityandCourageSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage提能作業(yè)新人教版選擇性必修第三冊

UNIT4SectionⅡ一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscruel(殘酷的)toeatanimals.2．Myroomisdirty,andIneedathorough(徹底的)cleaningofittomorrow.3．Theroomwasverysimple,nearlywithoutanyfurniture(家具)andsimplydecorated.4．Unfortunately(不幸),theylosttheirdirectionintheforest.5．Wearealwaysbusywithourwork,onlyplayingbasketballonceaweekforrecreation(消遣)．6．Bob'snephew(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversitynow.7．Ifyouarelookingforsomeinspirationforyournextcorporate(公司的)trademarkdesign,thenthisistheplacetobe.8．I'vealwayslookedtomyfatherforguidance(指導(dǎo))onthesematters.9．Thecottagewascoldanddamp(潮濕的)．10．Weadvertised(登廣告)forstaffinalocalnewspaperlastweek.Ⅱ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Uptonow,wehavereceived(receive)nonewsfromher.2．Withthehelpoftheteachers,hehasmade(make)rapidprogressinhisstudies.3．Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation，thecityhasspread(spread)inalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.4．Youshouldgotobed.Youhavebeenwatching(watch)TVfor5hours.5．Ihavebeenwriting(write)letterssincebreakfast.6．Ihavewritten(write)3letterssincebreakfast.7．Sorry,butMr.Smithhasleft(leave)forBeijing.8．Ihavebeenlooking(look)forhimeverywhere.Wherecanhebe?9．Josephhasbeengoing(go)toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan'tsay“What'syourname？”inRussian.10．—WhoisJerryCopper?—Haven'tyoumet(notmeet)himyet?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Theybegancontributingarticlestoourmagazineseveralyearsago,andtheykeepdoingsountilnow.→Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.2．IstartedtodrinkcoffeewhenIgottotheofficethisafternoon.Iamstilldrinkingcoffeenow.→IhavebeendrinkingcoffeealltheafternoonsinceIgottotheoffice.3．Ithasbeensixhourssincethebabyfellasleep.→Thebabyhasbeensleepingforsixhours.4．Mybrotherjoinedthepianoclubthreemonthsago.→Ithasbeen/isthreemonthssincemybrotherjoinedthepianoclub.5．LiLeimovedtoHangzhoutenyearsagoandheisstilllivingtherenow.→LiLeihasbeenlivinginHangzhoufortenyears.6．ThescientistcametostudytheChineseancientculturelastyearandheisstillworkinginChina.→ThescientisthasbeenstudyingtheChineseancientculturesincelastyear.7．Tom'sfatherdiedthreeyearsago.→Tom'sfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·廣東省深圳市南頭中學(xué)高二期中)ThoughthousandsofadventurershaveclimbedupMountEverest,thehighestandmostfamousoftheworld's14tallestmountains,only40climbershaveconqueredthemall.NepalesemountaineerPurjabecameoneofthemafterhereachedthe8,028-meterpeakofChina'sMt.ShishapangmaonOctober29,2024.Purjamadetheextraordinaryachievementinjustsixmonthsandsixdays,muchfasterthanlateSouthKoreanclimberKimChang-ho's2013recordof7years,tenmonths,andsixdays.“Iamincrediblyexcitedandproudtohavereachedthisfinalpeakandachievedmygoalofclimbingtheworld's14tallestmountainsinrecordtime，”Purjasaid.“Itwasextremelyhardsixmonths,andIhopetohaveproventhatanythingispossiblewithsomedetermination,self-belief,andpositivity.”Purja's“ProjectPossible”startedbecomingarealityonApril23,2024,whenhesuccessfullypeakedNepal's8,091meterstallMt.Annapurna.Theclimberthenrapidlycompletedthenextfivemountains,includingMt.Everest,withinonlyfourweeks!FivemorepeakswereconqueredinJulyandthelastthreeduringSeptemberandOctober.Theadventurer,whowasjoinedbyteamsofNepaleseclimbersoneachofhisadventures,encounteredmanymemorableandcriticalmoments.OnApril23,2024,whilegoingdownMt.Annapurna,PurjaandhisteamheardaboutaMalaysianclimberwhohadbeenseparatedfromhisgroupwithnofood,water,oroxygenforover40hours.Theymanagedtofindhimandgothimairliftedtoahospital.OnMay15,2024,Purja'steamsimilarlyhelpedthreetrappedclimbersonMt.Kanchenjungabygivingthemoxygen.Purjasaidhisprimarypurposeforundertakingthisenormoustaskwastoshowtheworldthatanyonecanattaingreatnessiftheyputtheirmindstoit.“Byachievingthisgoal,IknewIcouldinspirepeoplefromallgenerationsacrosstheworld，”hesaid.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了尼泊爾登山者Purja成功登頂中國的Shishapangma峰，完成了登上14座世界最高山峰的目標(biāo)。并介紹了Purja對此舉的看法，以及他的攀登經(jīng)過，Purja說他擔(dān)當(dāng)這項艱難任務(wù)的主要目的是向世界表明，只要專心去做，任何人都可以獲得宏大的成就。1．Whichwasthelastoftheworld's14tallestmountainsPurjapeaked？DA．Mt.Everest. B．Mt.Annapurna.C．Mt.Kanchenjunga. D．Mt.Shishapangma.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“NepalesemountaineerPurjabecameoneofthemafterhereachedthe8,028-meterpeakofChina'sMt.ShishapangmaonOctober29,2024.(尼泊爾登山家Purja在2024年10月29日登上中國8028米的高峰Shishapangma山后，成為其中的一員。)”以及其次段中“‘Iamincrediblyexcitedandproudtohavereachedthisfinalpeakandachievedmygoalofclimbingtheworld's14tallestmountainsinrecordtime，’Purjasaid.(Purja說：‘我特別激烈和驕傲，能夠到達最終一座山峰，并實現(xiàn)了在創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的時間內(nèi)登上世界14座最高山峰的目標(biāo)?！?”可知，Purja登上的14座世界最高山峰中最終一座是Shishapangma峰。故選D。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPurja？CA．Capable,worthyandhonest.B．Brave,intelligentandtraditional.C．Determined,positiveandcaring.D．Creative,energeticandadventurous.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Itwasextremelyhardsixmonths,andIhopetohaveproventhatanythingispossiblewithsomedetermination,self-belief,andpositivity.(這六個月特別艱難，我希望能夠證明，只要有決心、自信和主動，一切皆有可能。)”以及第四段內(nèi)容，可推知，Purja是一個有決心、主動和有愛心的人。A.Capable,worthyandhonest.(有實力、有價值、誠懇。)；B.Brave,intelligentandtraditional.(英勇、聰慧、傳統(tǒng)。)；C.Determined,positiveandcaring.(堅決、主動、有愛心。)；D.Creative,energeticandadventurous.(富有創(chuàng)建力、活力和冒險精神。)。故選C。3．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinParagraph4？BA．Thenumberofclimbersshouldbelimitedtoensuresafety.B．Purjaandhisteamarewillingtoassistclimbersintrouble.C．Itisimpossibletorescuetrappedclimbersonhighmountains.D．Necessarypreparationsmustbemadebeforeclimbingmountains.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“Theymanagedtofindhimandgothimairliftedtoahospital.OnMay15,2024,Purja'steamsimilarlyhelpedthreetrappedclimbersonMt.Kanchenjungabygivingthemoxygen.(他們設(shè)法找到了他，并用飛機把他送到了醫(yī)院。2024年5月15日，Purja的團隊同樣幫助了三名被困在Kanchenjunga山的登山者，給他們供應(yīng)了氧氣。)”可知，作者想通過第四段的例子告知我們Purja和他的團隊情愿幫助有困難的登山者。故選B。4．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext？DA．Mountaineering:AChallengingbutPopularSportB．Purja:AWorld-famousNepaleseClimbingPioneerC．KimChang-hoSucceededinClimbingupMt.EverestAloneD．NepaleseMountaineerConquersWorld's14HighestPeaksinSixMonths解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。結(jié)合文章主要說明白尼泊爾登山者Purja成功登頂中國的Shishapangma峰，完成了登上14座世界最高山峰的目標(biāo)。文章介紹了Purja對此舉的看法，以及他的攀登經(jīng)過，Purja說他擔(dān)當(dāng)這項艱難任務(wù)的主要目的是向世界表明，任何人都可以獲得宏大的成就，只要他們專心去做。故D選項(尼泊爾登山者在六個月內(nèi)折服了世界上14座最高峰)符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。B(2024·河北省滄州市部分學(xué)校高二月考)ItisBritain'smostbrutalrunningrace—268milesnon-stopalongthePennineWay.JasminParis,whoisstillbreastfeedingherdaughter,beat136othercompetitorsfrom15countries,125menincluded,towintheMontaneSpineRace.Shebrokethemen'srecordbyover12hours.Totrainfortherace,Parishadtogetupat4,whenshewouldheadoutforrunsinthehillsaroundherhomewhileherfamilywerestillinbed.Shealsowentonplentyoflonghikeswithherbaby.Shewasonthecoursefor83hoursand12minutes,pausingtopowernapandeatforonlysevenhours.Shehadtocarryeverythingsheneededandhadtonavigateusingamapandcompass,mostlyaloneandinthedark.Butshewasrelentless(堅韌的)．Almost20hoursaftershehadfinished,onlytwomenhadcompletedtherace,witheveryoneelseeitherstillonthecourseorretired.TopBritishultrarunnerandformerSpineRacefinisherDamianHallsays：“Herperformancewasextraordinary—oneofthegreatBritishultra-runningperformances.”O(jiān)lympianJoPaveysaysParis'sperformancewas“awesomeandinspiring.”Sincefinishing,Parishascaughtlotsofattention,withtelevisionappearancesandChelseaClintontweetingabouthervictory.“Thishasbeenharderthantherace，”shesays.“AtleastthenIjusthadonejobtodo:keepputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.”Allshecravesnowisagoodnight'ssleep.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了還在給女兒喂奶的帕里斯擊敗了來自15個國家的136名其他選手，贏得了山脊競賽賽跑的冠軍。5．HowlongdidParisstopduringtherace？AA．7hours. B．12hours.C．20hours. D．83hours.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Shewasonthecoursefor83hoursand12minutes,pausingtopowernapandeatforonlysevenhours.(競賽持續(xù)了83小時12分鐘，中途停下來打個盹和吃東西，只用了7個小時。)”可知，她在中途停了7個小時。故選A。6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeParis？BA．Kindanddevoted.B．Inspiringanddetermined.C．ConsiderateandBrave.D．Generousandhard-working.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Butshewasrelentless(堅韌的)．Almost20hoursaftershehadfinished,onlytwomenhadcompletedtherace,witheveryoneelseeitherstillonthecourseorretired.(但她特別堅韌。在她完成競賽近20個小時后，只有兩名男子完成了競賽，其他人要么還在賽道上，要么已經(jīng)退役。)”以及倒數(shù)其次段中“OlympianJoPaveysaysParis'sperformancewas‘a(chǎn)wesomeandinspiring.’(奧運會選手喬·帕維說，Paris的表現(xiàn)‘令人驚羨，鼓舞人心’。)”可知，Paris是鼓舞人心和堅韌的。故選B。7．WhatdidParisthinkharderthanrunning？DA．Trainingfortheface.B．Takingcareofheryoungbaby.C．Gettinggoodnight'ssleep.D．Dealingwiththepublicattention.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Sincefinishing,Parishascaughtlotsofattention,withtelevisionappearancesandChelseaClintontweetingabouthervictory.‘Thishasbeenharderthantherace，’．..(自從完成競賽后，Paris吸引了許多關(guān)注，她頻頻出現(xiàn)在電視上，ChelseaClinton也發(fā)推特慶祝她的成功?！@比競賽還難，’她說?！辽倌菚r我只有一件事要做：一步一步走下去?！?”可知，Paris認(rèn)為處理公眾的關(guān)注要比競賽還難。故選D。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？CA．TheLongestRunningRaceB．AMotherandHerYoungBabyC．AWomanBeatingMen'sRecordD．TheHardestRaceintheWorld解析：主旨大意題。通讀文章，文章講解并描述的是還在給女兒喂奶的Paris擊敗了來自15個國家的136名其他選手，贏得了山脊賽跑的冠軍。她以超過12個小時的優(yōu)勢打破了男子紀(jì)錄。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·全國乙卷改編)TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe1.Dbest.ShehadtopackupherbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay2.Atohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto3.Cwavesonherboard.Butitwas4.Btotaketheleap(飛躍),however5.Bitwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe6.Dabout1,200milesawayfromhome,totrainwithacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever7.Aandeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout,Douglasdid8.CwhatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe9.AtwoRussians.TheChinesecoachtransformedDouglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld,helpingherskyrocketfroman10.Cmemberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By11.CtheOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.Sheledthecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt12.Aallalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(聯(lián)絡(luò)人)ofthewomen'snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit13.DtobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought14.BthatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.“I'mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople，”shesaid.“I'mreadyto15.A.”Andshineshedid.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了美國體操運動員GabbyDouglas為了成為個人全能項目的奧運冠軍，不得不遠離家鄉(xiāng)，和一個來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。最終Douglas贏得奧運會全能冠軍，成為了第一個獲此殊榮的黑人女性。1．A.tried B．thoughtC．judged D．knew解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了成為個人全能項目的奧運冠軍，GabbyDouglas不得不放棄她最熟識的一切。依據(jù)下文的“herbedroom”“hertwodogs”“thebeach,whereshelovedto3wavesonherboard”可知，GabbyDouglas放棄她最熟識的一切，來到一個生疏的地方。A.try嘗試；B.think思索；C.judge推斷；D.know知道，熟識。故選D。2．A.goodbye B．helloC．thanks D．no解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不和她的兩只狗以及她喜愛在沖浪板上沖浪的海灘說再見。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”可知，GabbyDouglas要離開自己的家，所以與家里的狗說再見。saygoodbyeto意為“與……告辭”。故選A。3．A.cause B．observeC．ride D．strike解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。ridethewaves意為“沖浪”。A.cause引起；B.observe視察；C.ride騎，漂移；D.strike打擊。故選C。4．Amon B．timeC．fun D．tough解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，是時候邁出這一步了，無論這將是多么令人心碎。依據(jù)空前的but可知，該句與前文描述不舍得熟識的一切構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故“是時候該邁出這一步了”符合語境，Itistimetodosth.意為“是時候做某事了”。Amon平民，一般；B.time時間；C.fun樂趣；D.tough艱難的，強硬的。故選B。5．A.breathtaking B．heartbreakingC．eye-catching D．head-spinning解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。上文提到的GabbyDouglas不得不放棄她最熟識的一切，可知放棄自己所熟識的一切是令人難過。A.breathtaking激烈人心的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的，令人難過的；C.eye-catching引人注目的；D.head-spinning頭暈的。故選B。6．A.droppedout B．movedonC．pulledover D．wentoff解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以她離家1200英里，和一個來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。由下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，GabbyDouglas到了一個離家1200英里的地方。A.dropout退出；B.moveon接著；C.pullover靠邊停車；D.gooff離開。故選D。7．A.met B．helpedC．understood D．needed解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她和一個素未謀面的家庭住在一起，一切對她來說都是全新的。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher”可知，一切對她來說都是全新的，所以此處指她和一個素未謀面的家庭住在一起，A.meet遇到，見過；B.help幫助；C.understand理解；D.need須要。故選A。8．A.approximately B．graduallyC．exactly D．possibly解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實證明，Douglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，完全完成了她成為奧運冠軍所須要做的一切。由下文“shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，GabbyDouglas獲得了奧運會全能冠軍，因此GabbyDouglas完全完成了她成為奧運冠軍所須要做的一切。A.approximately大約；B.gradually漸漸地；C.exactly精確地，完全；D.possibly可能地。故選C。9．A.defeated B．pleasedC．respected D．a(chǎn)ssisted解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。由上文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion”和下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecame