山東省青島即墨區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 含解析

2024—2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高三英語試題2024.11本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案前，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。所有試題的答案，寫在答題卡上，不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第Ⅰ卷(共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whencanthemangethisclothes?A.OnMay11th. B.OnMay13th. C.OnMay14th.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Yourclotheswillbereadyforcollectionon…Letmesee.It’seleventhMaytoday.Soyes,onfourteenthMay.M:Thefourteenth?Sothat’snextTuesday?W:Yes,we’llgiveyouacallonMondaytoremindyou.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Washhishair. B.Putonahat. C.Cuthishairshort.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youwanttogetyourhaircut.Ithoughtyouweregoingtohavelonghair.M:Well,it’sneitherlongnorshort.Idon’tknowwhattodowithitnow.W:Well,howaboutwearingahat?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhydoesPetermakeacalltoLucy?A.ToinviteLucytogoshopping.B.Tocanceltheplannedsend-off.C.Tocomplainabouthisjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lucy,it’sme,mybossjustsaidwehavetofinishtheblueprintforthenewshoppingmalltoday.I’msorryIcan’tdriveyoutotheairport.W:That’sokay,Peter.I’llcallataxi.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdidthemangettohisdestinationthistime?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bysubway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thebuswasslow.I’lljusttotakeataxinexttime.W:Takingataxicanbereallyexpensiveinthiscity.Whynotbuyasubwayticketandtravelaround?Thesubwaysystemhereisprettygood.M:Goodidea.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingingredients.B.Havingdinnertogether.C.Participatinginacompetition.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:No,no,it’stenthirtynow.Idon’tthinkwe’llfinishthisdish.M:Calmdown,honey,we’vebeenpracticingthisdishforalongtime.Westillhavehalfanhourtogobeforethecontestends.Nowpassmethechoppedtomatoesplease.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Tuesday. B.Wednesday. C.Thursday.7.WhatisSamgoingtodotonight?A.Watchamatch. B.Attendaparty. C.Writehispaper.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Sam,wouldyouliketojoinourpartytonight.Itmustbefun.M:I’dloveto,butIhavetoworkonmypaperwhichisduetomorrow.Haveyoufinisheditalready?W:Yeah,butit’sdueonThursday.That’sthedayaftertomorrow.M:IthoughttodaywasWednesday.W:Well,inthiscase,youcouldcometotheparty.We’veinvitedprofessorWangtojoinus.Hesaidhewillcomeafterwatchingafootballmatch.M:That’sgreat.Iwon’tmissit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whichpartoftheapartmentdoesthemandislike?A.Thebathroom. B.Thebedroom. C.Thekitchen.9.Whoisthewoman?A.Alandlady. B.Alawyer. C.Acook.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:ATVset,aminibarnearthebed,awell-functioningairconditioningsystem,fromwhatIsee,thisapartmentisfitforabachelorlikeyou.M:Yeah,canIseethebathroom?W:Ofcourse.Hereitevenhasabathtub.M:Well,aboutthisapartment,theonlythingthatbothersmeisthatthekitchenistoosmall.W:Comeon.Peopledon’tbothertocookiftheylivealone.Ibetyoueatoutmostofthetime,don’tyou?M:Well,that’strue.Okay,sotherentiswhatyoutoldmeonthephoneright?W:Ofcourse.M:IwanttomoveinthisSaturday.Ineedtodealwithacasetoday.Canwesignthecontracttomorrow?W:Noproblem.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.AtTom’shome. B.InLisa’sgarden. C.Onafarm.11.WhatdoesTomsayaboutthetomatoes?A.Theyarehealthy. B.Theytastesweet. C.Theyareagoodsize.12.WhatdoesLisathinkisthemostimportanttotomatogrowth?A.Soil. B.Watering. C.Sunlight.13.WhatwillTomprobablydonext?A.Growtomatoes. B.Tidyuphisyard. C.Dosomecooking.【答案】10.A11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,comein,Lisa.Wow,thesetomatoeslookamazing.Aretheyfromyourgarden?W:Yeah,Tom.I’vebroughtyousome.Youcanputsomeinyoursaladtonight.M:Thankyouverymuch.Howcouldtheygetsobiganyway?W:ActuallyIhavealotofgardeningtips.Areyouinterested?M:Sure.W:Well,thefirststepistomakesurethereisplentyofhealthysoil.Alsoyouneedtoplanttheminasunnyarea.M:Thatwouldbeeasyinmyyard.W:Yes,besides,consistentwateringisthemostsignificantthing.Tomatoesneedregularwatering.Butbecarefulnottooverwaterthem.M:Gotit.W:Alsoconsidersupportingthemwithsticksastheygrow.Ithelpsplantstogrowupright.Areyouthinkingofgrowingyourowntomatoes?Icanguideyounow.M:Yeah.ButnowIneedtopreparethedinnerfirst.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Colleagues. C.Husbandandwife.15.HowlongwillLindastayinNewYork?AFivemonths. B.Halfayear. C.Oneyear.16.WhatisLindagoingtodobeforeherdeparture?A.Sellherhouse. B.Getherpassport. C.Meetsomefriends.17.WhywillEmilycometoBeijing?A.Tofinishaproject.B.Tooperateabranchoffice.C.Toreceivefurthereducation.【答案】14.B15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Linda,I’veheardthattheheadquartershasdecidedtosendyoutoworkinournewbranchofficeinNewYorkforayear.W:Oh,onlysixmonthsactually.M:Isee.WhenareyouleavingBeijinganyway?W:Somedaynextweek.Bonnieishelpingmebooktheticketyouknow.M:Okay.Areyoudonewithallthepreparations?W:Almost.Ipickedupmypassportthismorning.AndIwillvisitsomeofmyfriendsbeforeIleave.M:Whataboutyourapartment?Don’tyouwanttorentitoutwhenyou’reaway?W:Ofcourse.Ijustdon’thaveenoughtimetodoit.M:Well,actuallyIknowapersonEmily.Weusedtostudyatthesamehighschool.HercompanywillsendhertofinishaprojectinBeijing.Sheneedstostayhereforfivemonthsandsheisstilllookingforaplacetolive.W:Great!Tellhertocallmeanytime.M:Sure,oh,doyouhaveaphotosofyourapartmentonyourphone?W:Yeah.I’llsendthemtoyourightaway.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Bookclubmembers. B.Foodlovers. C.Literatureenthusiasts.19.WhatdoweknowaboutNancySilverton?A.Sheisexpertatbaking.B.Shealwaysmeetspickyeaters.C.Sheconnectsflavourswithculture.20.WhichbookiswrittenbyBeeWilson?A.TheSecretofCooking.B.TheGlobalPantryCookbook.C.TheCookieThatChangedMyLife.【答案】18.A19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodeveningdearlisteners.TodaywearedivingintotheworldofcookbookswithNPR’stoppicksfrombookswelove.Firstofall,there’stheglobalpantrycookbookbyScottMalbreandTaylorpitmanifyouenjoycookbookswithstoriesabouthowrecipesreflectlocalcultureandhistory.Thisbookisatreasure.ItfunctionsasacomprehensiveguidetoflavorswithanintroductionthatexplainshowtheywerefirstintroducedtoAmericancooks.Nowlet’stalkaboutTheCookieThatChangedMyLifebyNancySilverton.Nancy,abakingexpert,wasinspiredbyagiantpeanutbuttercookie.Hercookbookhasoveronehundredclassicrecipesthatcanchangeyourbakinggame.Movingon,wehaveTheSecretofCookingbyBeeWilson.Morethanacookbook,it’saguidetohowtomakecookingworkforyouWilsonunderstandsthechallengesofbalancingafullscheduleandpickyeaters.Sheoffersanswersexplainingeverythingfromhowtofigureoutwhatflavorsgotogethertohowtorelaxwheneverythinggoeswrong.Formorecookbooks,headovertoNPR’swebsiteandexplorebookswelove.Happyreadingandhappycookingeveryone.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AUniversityofVictoriaAdmissionNoticeMarch2,2024DearAllen,OnbehalfoftheUniversityofVictoria,Iampleasedtoconfirmthatyouhaveaconditionalofferofaplaceattheuniversity.Thisofferisconditionaluponmeetingalltheconditionsofyouradmission,includingtheminimumstandards(coursesandgrades).ItisyourresponsibilitytoensurethattheconditionshavebeenmetnolaterthanAugust1standsendane-mailwithapictureofyourcertificateanddocumentationtoAdmissionOffice.YoushouldarriveintimeforWelcomeWeek,aweekbeforetheschoolday.TheschooldaybeginsonSeptember20th.However,theuniversitywilladmitstudentsuptotwoweeksafterthisdate.Ifyouwanttoapplyforfinancialaid,contactourFinancialAidOffice.Wewouldliketohelpyouthroughtheprocess.Theuniversity’spolicyofreplacingthestudentloanwithadditionalscholarshipsetsusapartfromotherschoolsandallowsyoutograduatewithoutanyexpecteddebt.PleasereturntheattachedReplySliptousassoonaspossible,indicatingwhetherornotyouwanttorejecttheconditionalplace.Welookforwardtohearingfromyouagainsoon.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutyouroffer,pleasedonothesitatetocontactAdmissionOffice.SincerelyJanetLavinRapelyeDeanofAdmission21.WhatshouldAllendoifhehasmettheconditionssetforhimintime?A.Takeanexamination.B.InformAdmissionOffice.C.Prepareacopyofhiscertificate.D.Submitanapplicationtotheuniversity.22.Whendoestheuniversity’sWelcomeWeekstart?A.OnSeptember6th. B.OnSeptember13th. C.OnSeptember20th. D.OnSeptember27th.23.AllenisaskedtoreturntheReplySliptoshowifhe________.Aacceptstheoffer B.hasreadtheletterC.hassomequestions D.needsfinancialsupport【答案】21.B22.B23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是維多利亞大學(xué)給Allen頒發(fā)的錄取通知書?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisofferisconditionaluponmeetingalltheconditionsofyouradmission,includingtheminimumstandards(coursesandgrades).ItisyourresponsibilitytoensurethattheconditionshavebeenmetnolaterthanAugust1standsendane-mailwithapictureofyourcertificateanddocumentationtoAdmissionOffice.(這個(gè)錄取是有條件的，你必須滿足所有的錄取條件，包括最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（課程和成績）。你有責(zé)任確保不遲于8月1日滿足條件，并將你的證書和文件的圖片通過電子郵件發(fā)送到招生辦公室)”可知，如果艾倫滿足設(shè)定條件，應(yīng)通知招生辦公室。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“YoushouldarriveintimeforWelcomeWeek,aweekbeforetheschoolday.TheschooldaybeginsonSeptember20th.(你應(yīng)該在迎新周之前到達(dá)，迎新周是在開學(xué)前一周。學(xué)校開學(xué)日期是9月20日)”可知，迎新周在9月20日前一周，即9月13日。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“PleasereturntheattachedReplySliptousassoonaspossible,indicatingwhetherornotyouwanttorejecttheconditionalplace.(請盡快將附件的回條回復(fù)給我們，注明是否要拒絕有條件的名額)”可知，艾倫被要求回復(fù)回條是為了展示他是否接受這份錄取通知。故選A。BTobestung(叮咬)byanantorabeeraisesbeyondthe“Ow!”—immediatequestions.Howcanacreaturesotinycausesuchremarkablepain?JustinSchmidtwonderedtoo,andspenthislifetryingtofindout.Therefore,hewascalled“TheKingofSting”.Tofurtherhumanknowledge,SchmidtputhisbarearmsintobeehivesanddugupbulletantsinBrazil.Over35years,150differentspeciesofinsectsstunghim.Iftheinsectswouldnotgivehimstings,heplacedthemonhisarmandencouragedthem,inthenameofscience.Then,hetookouthisnotebookandwroteitup.Mostfamously,in1983,hecreatedtheSchmidtIndex,rankingthestingsof78insectsfromonetofouraccordingtotheirpain.Thehoneybeewashisanchoringvalue(錨定值),sincemostpeopleknewwhatabeestingfeltlike,andwasratedatwo.Hislistwasatooltoexplorewhycausingpainwasmorenecessaryforsomeinsectsthanothers.Solitary(獨(dú)居的)insects,hefound,tendedtohaveamuchmilderstingthanthoseorganizedintocomplexgroups.Fromthis,hebelievedthatstingsallowedinsectstogetmorefood,hencebuildsocialstructures,henceneedtodefendthenest,andthewholegroup.Moststingswerehighlyeffective.Predators(捕食者)thousandsoftimeslargerrememberedstingswell,andkepttheirdistance.Onlybearsandafewotherspeciesthoughtthepainworththereward.Schmidthadneverforgottenhisfirstencounterwithabee,whichstunghimontheneckwhenhewasfiveandrunningwildinthewoodsofAppalachianPennsylvania.Thatdidnotputhimoff,though.Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.Inhisearly20s,hewasontheroadinacarfilledwithtoolstodigupandstudyharvesterantsinGeorgiawhosestingswerecuriouslylasting.Thatcuriosityshapedhislife.24.HowdidJustinSchmidtdohisresearchonthestingsofinsects?A.Byraisinginsectsinthelab. B.Bygettingstingswillingly.C.Bycollectingspeciesofinsects. D.Byobservinginsectsintheirhabitats.25.WhichofthefollowingisoneofJustinSchmidt’sfindings?A.Solitaryinsectsbearnothreat.B.Beesstingthemostamonginsects.C.Therearefourkindsofinsectstings.DSocialinsectsusuallyhavemorepainfulstings.26.Whatdoes“enchanted”underlinedinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Changed. B.Attracted. C.Astonished. D.Attacked.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Schmidt’snaturaltalentforinsectology.B.Schmidt’scareerasaninsectresearcher.C.Schmidt’searlyexperienceswithstings.D.Schmidt’slifelongpassionwithinsects.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“刺痛之王”JustinSchmidt通過親身經(jīng)歷研究昆蟲叮咬的故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Tofurtherhumanknowledge,SchmidtputhisbarearmsintobeehivesanddugupbulletantsinBrazil.Over35years,150differentspeciesofinsectsstunghim.Iftheinsectswouldnotgivehimstings,heplacedthemonhisarmandencouragedthem,inthenameofscience.(為了進(jìn)一步了解人類的知識(shí)，Schmidt在巴西把他赤裸的手臂伸進(jìn)蜂箱里，挖出了子彈蟻。在35年的時(shí)間里，150種不同的昆蟲蜇過他。如果昆蟲不蜇他，他就把它們放在胳膊上，以科學(xué)的名義鼓勵(lì)它們)”可知，JustinSchmidt通過主動(dòng)讓自己被昆蟲叮咬來進(jìn)行研究。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Solitary(獨(dú)居的)insects,hefound,tendedtohaveamuchmilderstingthanthoseorganizedintocomplexgroups.(他發(fā)現(xiàn)，獨(dú)居昆蟲的叮咬往往比那些組織成復(fù)雜群體的昆蟲輕得多)”可知，JustinSchmidt發(fā)現(xiàn)群居的昆蟲通常會(huì)有更疼痛的叮咬。故選D。【26題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.(昆蟲enchanted他。有一次，他為了抓一只蝴蝶，掉進(jìn)了河里，渾身又濕又臟。十幾歲的時(shí)候，他就有了自己的蜂箱)”可以看出，Schmidt從小就被昆蟲深深吸引，即使掉進(jìn)河里弄濕弄臟也要捉蝴蝶，甚至青少年時(shí)期就有了自己的蜂巢。因此，enchanted在這里的意思應(yīng)該是“吸引”。A.Changed改變；B.Attracted吸引；C.Astonished使震驚；D.Attacked攻擊。故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Schmidthadneverforgottenhisfirstencounterwithabee,whichstunghimontheneckwhenhewasfiveandrunningwildinthewoodsofAppalachianPennsylvania.Thatdidnotputhimoff,though.Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.Inhisearly20s,hewasontheroadinacarfilledwithtoolstodigupandstudyharvesterantsinGeorgiawhosestingswerecuriouslylasting.Thatcuriosityshapedhislife.(Schmidt從來沒有忘記他第一次遇到蜜蜂的經(jīng)歷，當(dāng)時(shí)他五歲，在賓夕法尼亞州阿巴拉契亞山脈的樹林里奔跑，蜜蜂叮了他的脖子。不過，這并沒有阻止他。昆蟲使他著迷。有一次，他為了抓一只蝴蝶，掉進(jìn)了河里，渾身又濕又臟。十幾歲的時(shí)候，他就有了自己的蜂箱。在他20歲出頭的時(shí)候，他開著一輛裝滿工具的車在路上，在喬治亞州挖掘和研究收割蟻，這些螞蟻的叮咬奇怪地持久。這種好奇心塑造了他的一生)”可知，最后一段主要講述的是Schmidt從小對昆蟲的興趣和熱情如何貫穿了他的整個(gè)生命，包括童年時(shí)期對昆蟲的好奇心和青年時(shí)期的實(shí)地研究經(jīng)歷。由此可知，本段主要是關(guān)于Schmidt一生對昆蟲的熱情。故選D。CManyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelookupatthenightsky,weseestars,theshinningofamovingsatelliteandoccasionallyadistantplanet.Butonethingwedon’tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfillingupspace.It’sthisdebris(殘骸)that’scausingproblemsfortheexistingtechnologythat’supthereandwhichwerelyon.Theamountofspacejunkisincreasing.Overthelastfewdecades,satellitesandrocketshavebeenlaunchedintospace,litteringtheuniverseastheygo.It’sestimatedtherearenowmillionsofpiecesofmetalandothermaterialsinorbit—everythingfromoldrockettoaccidentallydroppedastronauttools,andevenbitsofpaint.Thefearisthatifwedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk—sayshitting“evenasmallpieceofpaint…h(huán)asenoughpowertoblowupothersatellites.”Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,includingtestinganetthatcouldfollowasatelliteandfiringaharpoon(叉)atatargetinorbittotrytocatchit.ThisyeartheUKSpaceAgencyishelpingtofundnewapproachestotrackingsatellitesanddebrisinspace.JacobGeerfromUKSAtoldtheBBC:“Spacesurveillance(監(jiān)控)andtrackingisoneofthekeythingswecandotokeepsafethosesatelliteswerelyonnow,andtomakesurecertainorbitsdon’tbecomeinaccessibleforfuturegenerationsbecausethere’stoomuchdebrisinthem.”It’sclearthatasolutionisneededsoadeepcleancantakeplace.Butlookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreatingless—andthatshouldn’tbethestuffofsciencefiction.28.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsayaboutspacejunk?A.Itissomethingdangerous. B.Itsinfluencehasbeenundervalued.C.Itwasleftbyastronautsonpurpose. D.Itsamountisbecomingsmallrecently.29.WhydidNobuOkadamentionasmallpieceofpaint?A.Tostressthesignificanceofactivesatellites.B.Tointroducetheplanofcleaningthedebris.C.Toexplainthedifficultyincleaningspacejunk.D.Todescribethedamagespacejunkcouldbring.30.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A.Theefforttoremovespacejunk. B.Theapproachofspacesurveillance.C.Theimportanceofsendingupsatellites. D.Theexperimentoftrackingspacecraft.31.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Spacejunk:satellitesthreatB.Scientists’explorationofouterspaceC.Spacesurveillance:awaytokeepspacecleanD.Newproofofspacejunk’sharmtotheuniverse【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了太空垃圾的問題以及人類為解決這一問題所做的努力。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“It’sthisdebris(殘骸)that’scausingproblemsfortheexistingtechnologythat’supthereandwhichwerelyon.(正是這些殘骸給我們賴以生存的現(xiàn)有技術(shù)帶來了問題)”可知，太空垃圾具有危險(xiǎn)性。故選A。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk—sayshitting“evenasmallpieceofpaint…h(huán)asenoughpowertoblowupothersatellites.(致力于清理太空垃圾的astroscale公司的首席執(zhí)行官NobuOkada說，撞擊“即使是一小塊油漆……也有足夠的力量摧毀其他衛(wèi)星）”可知，NobuOkada提到一小塊油漆是為了描述太空垃圾可能帶來的損害。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,includingtestinganetthatcouldfollowasatelliteandfiringaharpoon(叉)atatargetinorbittotrytocatchit.(目前正在研究收集太空中漂浮的碎片的幾種方法。2018年，“清除碎片”航天器進(jìn)行了各種實(shí)驗(yàn)，包括測試一種可以跟蹤衛(wèi)星的網(wǎng)，以及向軌道上的目標(biāo)發(fā)射魚叉以試圖捕獲它)”可知，第四段主要說明了人類在清理太空垃圾方面付出的努力。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thefearisthatifwedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.(令人擔(dān)心的是，如果我們不盡快把這些垃圾從天空中清除出去，它將對活躍的衛(wèi)星構(gòu)成重大威脅)”以及最后一段“It’sclearthatasolutionisneededsoadeepcleancantakeplace.Butlookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreatingless—andthatshouldn’tbethestuffofsciencefiction.(很明顯，需要一個(gè)解決方案，這樣才能進(jìn)行一次徹底的清理。但展望未來，就像任何垃圾問題一樣，我們需要尋找減少垃圾產(chǎn)生的方法——這不應(yīng)該是科幻小說的內(nèi)容)”可知，短文主要介紹了太空垃圾會(huì)對衛(wèi)星造成威脅，以及需要清理太空垃圾以確保未來的安全?？芍罴褬?biāo)題是“太空垃圾：衛(wèi)星的威脅”。故選A。DWiththeworld’sforestsunderthreat,reforestationisessentialinthefightagainstclimatechangeandtoprotectbiodiversity,butplantingyoungtreesbyhandcanbelabor-intensive.Sodrones(無人機(jī))havebeguntobeusedtodropseedsontolanddeforestedbywildfires.AcompanycalledMastReforestationhasappliedthismethodinthewesternUnitedStatesandbeyond.Butforaforesttogrow,droppedseedshavetogetintothesoilandgerminate(發(fā)芽),andthatcanbeachallenge.ResearchersfromMorphingMatterLabatCarnegieMellonUniversitymighthaveananswer.LabdirectorLiningYaoandhercolleagueslookedaterodiumseeds,whichhavea“drill”thatchangesshapewhenwet,usinga“tail”tosupportitselfupandpushmoreeffectivelyintotheground.Theteamcreatedan“E-seed”carrierbasedonthesameprinciple,whichismadefromwhiteoakwoodthatnaturallyrespondstochangesinhumidity(濕度).Theychemicallytreatedthewoodtomakeitsofterwhenwetsoitexpandsmoreeffectively.Moreover,theseedcarrierhasthreetails,makingiteasiertodrillintosoil.AccordingtotheresearchYaopublishedinthejournalNature,thecarrierhasan“80%drillingsuccessrateonflatland”,makingitmoreeffectivethanerodiumseedsinthesameconditions.Afterthecarrierburrows,theseedisprotectedfromanimalsandthenaturalelements,improvingitschancesofgermination.Yaosaysthelabhasreceivedinterestfromcompaniesandgovernmentagenciesworldwidewantingtousetheseedcarriersinreforestationprojects.Butshenotesspecifictypesofseedcarriersmustbedevelopedfordifferentlocationstoaccommodatedifferentsoilsandhumiditylevels.Providingthetechnologyforprojectsaroundtheworldwouldbeurgent.“Mostpeoplewhoreachoutwantthousandsofseeds,andtheywanttogrowmillionsoftreesinayear,”saysYao.“Istartedasmallteaminthelabtothinkaboutmassproductionstrategy,butwedefinitelywanttogetmoresupporttomakethisalargereffort.”32.Whydidtheresearchersdevelopthe“E-seed”carrier?A.Becauseofvariousnaturalthreatstobiodiversity.B.Becauseofthewildfirescausedbyclimatechange.C.Becauseofdifficultieswithefficientreforestation.D.Becauseofthetroubleincollectingseedseffectively.33.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“E-seed”carrier?A.Itiscommunity-based. B.Itisnature-inspired.C.Itisenergy-powered. D.Itisprofit-driven.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“burrows”meaninparagraph3?A.Fliesaway. B.Fallsintoline. C.Floatsaround. D.Getsintosoil.35.Whatispossibleaboutthe“E-seed”carrieraccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itswideapplications. B.Itsfastdevelopment.C.Itsbeingregularlytested. D.Itsbeinghugelyprofitable.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)MorphingMatter實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的可以有效解決重新造林難題的E-seed載體?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butforaforesttogrow,droppedseedshavetogetintothesoilandgerminate( 發(fā)芽 ),andthatcanbeachallenge.(但要讓森林生長，掉落的種子必須進(jìn)入土壤并發(fā)芽，這可能是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知研究人員開發(fā)“E-seed”載體是為了解決有效地重新造林的難題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“LabdirectorLiningYaoandhercolleagueslookedaterodiumseeds,whichhavea“drill”thatchangesshapewhenwet,usinga“tail”tosupportitselfupandpushmoreeffectivelyintotheground.Theteamcreatedan“E-seed”carrierbasedonthesameprinciple,whichismadefromwhiteoakwoodthatnaturallyrespondstochangesinhumidity( 濕度).(實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任姚麗寧和她的同事們研究了芹葉太陽花的種子，它們有一個(gè)“鉆”，在潮濕的時(shí)候會(huì)改變形狀，用“尾巴”支撐自己，更有效地進(jìn)入地下。該團(tuán)隊(duì)基于同樣的原理創(chuàng)造了一種“E-seed”載體，該載體由白橡木制成，可以自然地對濕度變化做出反應(yīng)。)”可知研究人員從芹葉太陽花的種子的形狀受到啟發(fā)，從而發(fā)明了“E-seed”載體，由此可知“E-seed”載體是從大自然中得到的靈感。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線詞之前“thecarrierhasan“80%drillingsuccessrateonflatland”,makingitmoreeffectivethanerodiumseedsinthesameconditions.(這種載體“在平坦的土地上有80%的鉆探成功率”，在相同的條件下比芹葉太陽花種子更有效。)”以及劃線詞之后“theseedisprotectedfromanimalsandthenaturalelements,improvingitschancesofgermination.(種子受到保護(hù)，不受動(dòng)物和自然因素的影響，提高了發(fā)芽的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知“E-seed”載體能有效地在地面上鉆洞從而讓種子進(jìn)入土壤，由此可推測劃線詞的意思是挖洞，即進(jìn)入土壤，與D項(xiàng)Getsintosoil(進(jìn)入土壤)意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Providingthetechnologyforprojectsaroundtheworldwouldbeurgent.“Mostpeoplewhoreachoutwantthousandsofseeds,andtheywanttogrowmillionsoftreesinayear,”saysYao.“Istartedasmallteaminthelabtothinkaboutmassproductionstrategy,butwedefinitelywanttogetmoresupporttomakethisalargereffort.”(為世界各地的項(xiàng)目提供技術(shù)將是當(dāng)務(wù)之急?！按蠖鄶?shù)伸出援手的人想要成千上萬的種子，他們想在一年內(nèi)種植數(shù)百萬棵樹，”姚說?！拔以趯?shí)驗(yàn)室里成立了一個(gè)小團(tuán)隊(duì)來考慮大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)策略，但我們絕對希望得到更多的支持，讓這一努力更大?！?”可知多家公司和機(jī)構(gòu)對于“E-seed”很感興趣，而姚也成立了一個(gè)小團(tuán)隊(duì)來考慮大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)策略，由此可以推測“E-seed”載體有可能得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Findingtherightcareerpathisnotaneasytask.Thereareafewluckypeoplewhoknowfromdayonewhattheywanttodowiththeirlives.___36___Careerplanning,therefore,isaboutidentifyingwhichprofessionyou'dliketoworkinandcreatingaplantogetwhereyouwanttobe.Startwithself-evaluation.Youneedtotakeacloserlookatyourself.Thisinvolvesbreakingandguideyoutowardstheidealcareer.Therearedifferenttoolsavailabletohelpyoucarryoutthisdownyourinterests,skills,experience,studiesandsoon.Thiswillhelpyouidentifyyourqualitiesassessment.___37___Exploreyouroptions.Aftercompletingyourself-exploration,youcandetermineyourcareerinterestsandidentifythespecificoccupationsthatinterestyou.___38___Byaskingyourselfwhatyouwishtopursueandnarrowingdownyouroptions,you'llproduceaclearercareerplan.Researchthefield.Eachprofessionrequiresadifferentsetofskills,knowledgeandexperience.___39___Youneedtoknowwhattheemployerexpectsfromyouandwhetheryoucandothejob.Youalsoneedtoidentifythequalifications,skillsandabilitiesthataretypicallyrequired.___40___Onceyouhaveresearchedallthenecessaryinformation,youcanbreakyourcareerplanintoachievablesteps.Witheachstep,youshouldsetdifferentgoalstohelpyouprogress.Byestablishingattainableobjectivesyouareessentiallycreatingacareerto-dolist,makingeachstepeasier.A.Setspecificgoals.B.Organizeyourplan.C.Takingacareertestwouldbeagoodplacetostart.D.Thismeansputtingwhat'simportanttoyouinorder.E.You'dbetterinvestigatethemarketandthejobdescription.F.However,formanypeople,ittakesalittlemoreworktoplantheircareers.G.Therightcareerforyoumustincludeaspectsthatattractandareimportanttoyou.【答案】36.F37.C38.G39.E40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論了如何找到適合自己的職業(yè)道路。文章提出了一系列的步驟和建議，包括自我評估、探索選擇、研究領(lǐng)域和設(shè)定具體目標(biāo)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereareafewluckypeoplewhoknowfromdayonewhattheywanttodowiththeirlives.(有一些幸運(yùn)的人從一開始就知道他們想做什么)”以及下文“Careerplanning,therefore,isaboutidentifyingwhichprofessionyou'dliketoworkinandcreatingaplantogetwhereyouwanttobe.(因此，職業(yè)規(guī)劃就是確定你想從事的職業(yè)，并制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃來實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo))”可知，此處指出有些人需要更多的努力來規(guī)劃他們的職業(yè)生涯，與F項(xiàng)“However,formanypeople,ittakesalittlemoreworktoplantheircareers.(然而，對許多人來說，規(guī)劃職業(yè)生涯需要更多的努力)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選