【課件】中考英語閱讀理解課件

第43講

閱讀理解專題概述

閱讀理解主要是考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力，包括閱讀能力、理解能力、歸納概括能力、邏輯推理能力以及對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等。試題中所選的閱讀文章題材多樣，涉及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)等各個(gè)方面；體裁多樣，包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文（新聞報(bào)道、廣告、通知、操作說明、表格）等各種文體。

閱讀理解的常見解題策略如下：

1.瀏覽全文，理解大意。

用快速閱讀的方式瀏覽全文，了解文章大意，可避免斷章取義，減少解題時(shí)的盲目性。閱讀時(shí)要抓住主題和關(guān)鍵性詞語，把握它們之間的聯(lián)系，為解題做好準(zhǔn)備。文章的主要觀點(diǎn)常貫穿全文，學(xué)生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)文章做出總結(jié)和概括性評(píng)價(jià)，分析作者的觀點(diǎn)，推測(cè)作者的寫作意圖。只有對(duì)事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、因果、過程理解透徹，才能全面掌握全文。

2.細(xì)讀首尾，確定題材。

閱讀短文時(shí)，要特別注意文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔＪ俏恼碌闹黝}句，是全文的中心所在。學(xué)生從開頭句可以把握作者的寫作思路，以及文章將要敘述的內(nèi)容；結(jié)尾句是作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，有利于學(xué)生加強(qiáng)對(duì)文章的理解，從而確定題材，預(yù)測(cè)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局。

3.根據(jù)內(nèi)容，推測(cè)詞意。

閱讀時(shí)如遇到生詞，應(yīng)先跳過去，繼續(xù)通讀全文，切忌長時(shí)間死摳生詞，更不要逐詞翻譯，造成前后脫節(jié)，缺乏語感，影響對(duì)全文大意的理解。遇到生詞時(shí)要不急不躁，估計(jì)一下這個(gè)詞是人名、地名或是什么詞性等就行了，還可以通過上下文語境去猜測(cè)詞意。

4.看清題目，選擇答案。

帶著問題有目的地進(jìn)行閱讀，這樣才能把握方向，提高閱讀理解及解題的準(zhǔn)確性。對(duì)那些明顯的、有把握的題目，可以準(zhǔn)確判斷，不必再推敲；對(duì)有些概念模糊的選項(xiàng)，不能從文中直接找到答案，可利用背景知識(shí)，根據(jù)各種信息進(jìn)行分析推理，把握文章的整體脈絡(luò)，調(diào)整自己的解題思路，從而做出最終判斷。有時(shí)題目設(shè)計(jì)刁鉆，由下文暗示上文，限制上文；有時(shí)要靠排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)來得出正確的選項(xiàng)。

5.綜觀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。

確定答案以后，要再次檢查，看其是否與文中的內(nèi)容相矛盾，再看它是否完全符合文章的中心思想。第43講

閱讀理解典例精析例1

【人與自我】

Story

Time

The

day

came.

Grandma

was

moving

out

of

her

big

house.

I

was

sad.

I

had

a

lot

of

memories

in

that

house.

I

asked

where

Grandma

was

moving

to.

My

dad

said,

“Somewhere

near

us.

Don’t

worry.”

But

I

was

worried.

I

spent

a

lot

of

time

with

Grandma.

In

fact,

I

wanted

to

see

her

more.

I

thought

no

one

wanted

to

tell

me

because

they

knew

I

would

be

sad.

“It

must

be

far

away,”

I

said

to

myself.

We

put

all

of

Grandma’s

things

in

the

truck.

I

sat

beside

her

in

the

car.

On

the

way,

we

talked

a

lot.

After

a

while,

we

arrived.

I

saw

her

new

house.

It

was

our

house!

Grandma

was

coming

to

live

with

us.

（2023年廣西中考題）

根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正（T）誤（F）。1.I

had

many

memories

in

Grandma’s

house.(

)

T【解析】從短文第四句“I

had

a

lot

of

memories

in

that

house.”可知，奶奶的房子給作者留下很多記憶，故本句正確。2.I

wanted

to

see

Grandma

more.(

)

T【解析】從短文第三段中的句子“In

fact,

I

wanted

to

see

her

more.”可知，本句正確。3.I

didn’t

talk

with

Grandma

on

the

way.(

)

F【解析】短文第四段中的句子“On

the

way,

we

talked

a

lot.”提示，作者和奶奶在路上談了很多，故本句錯(cuò)誤。4.Grandma

was

not

coming

to

live

with

me.(

)

F【解析】從短文的最后一句“Grandma

was

coming

to

live

with

us.”可知，奶奶要和作者一家人一起生活，故本句錯(cuò)誤。5.I

loved

Grandma

very

much.

(

)

T【解析】根據(jù)文中的內(nèi)容，奶奶要搬走了，作者很傷心，希望能經(jīng)?？吹侥棠獭Ｓ纱丝芍?，作者很愛自己的奶奶，故本句正確?！窘馕觥勘疚耐ㄟ^講述作者對(duì)奶奶搬家時(shí)的情緒變化以及為奶奶送行時(shí)的情景，展現(xiàn)了作者對(duì)奶奶的愛。例2

【人與社會(huì)】（2023年廣西中考題）

根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Which

sport

is

an

indoor

game?(

)

A.Bowling.

B.Mini

golf.

C.Beach

volleyball.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從左上方框中對(duì)Bowling的介紹中的第一句可知，bowling是室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)。故答案為A。[答案]

A2.How

many

holes

are

there

in

a

mini

golf

course?(

)

A.10.

B.18.

C.21.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從右上方框中對(duì)Mini

golf的介紹中的第二句可知，mini

golf共有18個(gè)洞。故答案為B。[答案]

B3.Where

is

a

beach

volleyball

game

held?(

)

A.On

the

grass.

B.On

the

sand.

C.On

the

playground.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從左下方框中對(duì)Beach

volleyball的介紹中“The

game

is

held

on

the

sand.”可知，該項(xiàng)目在沙灘上舉行。故答案為B。[答案]

B4.What

is

the

most

exciting

moment

in

a

baseball

match?(

)

A.Hitting

a

“home

run”.B.Throwing

a

ball

fast.C.Knocking

down

the

pins.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從右下方框中對(duì)Baseball的介紹中的最后一句“Hitting

a

‘home

run’

（本壘打）

is

the

most

exciting

moment

in

a

match.”可知，答案為A。[答案]

A5.What’s

the

text

mainly

about?(

)

A.History.

B.Travel.

C.Sports.【解析】主旨大意題。表格中的四個(gè)項(xiàng)目分別是Bowling，

Mini

golf，

Beach

volleyball和Baseball。這四個(gè)項(xiàng)目全是體育活動(dòng)，故答案為C。[答案]

C例3

【人與自然】

Southern

white

rhinos

（犀牛）

mainly

live

in

Africa.

They

are

very

large

in

size,

about

4

metres

long,

1.75

metres

high,

and

over

two

tons

in

weight.

There

are

two

horns

（角）

on

the

nose.

The

front

horn

is

over

half

a

metre

long,

while

the

other

one

is

smaller.

Southern

white

rhinos

are

not

really

white.

They

are

grey

in

color.

“White”

may

come

from

the

Afrikaans

word

for

“wide”.

It

has

some

connection

with

their

wide

mouths.

Southern

white

rhinos

live

on

grass,

leaves,

fruit

and

so

on.

They

have

very

poor

eyesight.

However,

they

have

good

hearing

and

an

excellent

sense

of

smell.

Their

skin

（皮膚）

is

nearly

5

cm

thick

but

is

very

sensitive.

During

the

day,

they

try

to

find

a

cool

place

to

avoid

sunburn.

Southern

white

rhinos

lie

in

mud

（泥漿）

when

they

can,

as

it

sticks

to

their

skin

and

protects

them

from

the

bright

African

sun.

Some

humans

kill

rhinos

for

their

horns.

They

sell

horns

to

those

who

believe

horns

have

magic

powers

or

can

treat

sickness.

It

puts

southern

white

rhinos

in

danger.

Now

many

actions

are

taken

to

protect

southern

white

rhinos.

The

international

trade

in

rhino

horn

has

been

stopped

in

the

world.

Besides,

many

protected

areas

have

been

built,

especially

in

South

Africa.

Up

to

2020,

more

than

20

countries

have

made

rules

to

protect

southern

white

rhinos.

Today

the

number

of

southern

white

rhinos

has

increased

to

over

20,000

in

the

wild.

（2023年廣西中考題）

根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Where

do

southern

white

rhinos

mainly

live?(

)

CA.In

Europe.

B.In

America.

C.In

Africa.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由短文第一句“Southern

white

rhinos

mainly

live

in

Africa.”可知，這種犀牛主要生活在非洲。故答案為C。2.What

color

are

southern

white

rhinos?(

)

CA.Red.

B.Blue.

C.Grey.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“They

are

grey

in

color.”可知，這種犀牛是灰色的。故答案為C。3.What

does

the

underlined

word

“sensitive”

probably

mean

in

Chinese

in

Paragraph

2?(

)

BA.健康的

B.敏感的

C.光滑的【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。注意此句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可以排除選項(xiàng)A和C，因?yàn)槠つw厚與“健康”和“光滑”沒什么關(guān)系。我們會(huì)想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為，皮膚厚了就不敏感，但是由句中but可推測(cè)這里表達(dá)的是相反的結(jié)果。故答案為B。4.Why

do

some

humans

kill

southern

white

rhinos?(

)

AA.For

their

horns.

B.For

their

meat.

C.For

their

noses.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段第一句“Some

humans

kill

rhinos

for

their

horns.”可知。答案為A。5.What

is

the

last

paragraph

mainly

about？(

)

BA.Ways

to

feed

southern

white

rhinos.B.Actions

of

protecting

southern

white

rhinos.C.Places

for

southern

white

rhinos

to

live

in.【解析】大意歸納題。最后一段主要講了保護(hù)這種犀牛，要停止貿(mào)易，并建立保護(hù)區(qū)。故答案為B。

點(diǎn)撥

考場上的閱讀和我們平時(shí)的閱讀不一樣，時(shí)間有限。因此把握正確的閱讀方法進(jìn)行快速閱讀在中考時(shí)尤為重要。

1.

快速閱讀。一看到短文我們首先要一目十行地進(jìn)行快速閱讀，瀏覽文章的主旨大意，掌握文章的中心思想。

2.

細(xì)讀題后的問題。通過快速地瀏覽短文之后，要把考查的問題仔細(xì)地審讀，以便在再次閱讀時(shí)能有的放矢。

3.

帶著問題細(xì)讀文章。這一次要仔細(xì)閱讀，但決不要逐字逐句地翻譯，重點(diǎn)放在文后提出的問題上。若遇到影響做題的生詞可以根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推測(cè)其大意。如果有些生詞并不影響做題，我們大可以不去追究，以免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

4.

選定答案。根據(jù)第二次的細(xì)讀，分析判斷，得出答案。若有難以判定的，再次到短文中尋找該題所在的位置，仔細(xì)分析，力爭找到能解決問題的題眼。學(xué)習(xí)至此，請(qǐng)完成第43講備考練習(xí)（第342頁）第43講

閱讀理解第43講備考練習(xí)（閱讀理解）區(qū)外中考演練一、根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正（T）誤（F）。A

（人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——家鄉(xiāng)和社會(huì)的變遷，歷史的發(fā)展，對(duì)未來的暢想）

Since

April

13,

2023,

the

China-Laos

Railway

（中老鐵路）

has

started

cross-border

（跨境的）

passenger

service.

The

railway

starts

in

Kunming,

the

capital

of

Yunnan

Province,

and

runs

south

through

Yuxi,

Pu’er,

Xishuangbanna,

and

the

border

town

of

Mohan

in

China.

Then,

it

goes

through

Boten,

Luang

Prabang,

Vang

Vieng

before

reaching

Vientiane,

the

capital

of

Laos.

Now,

it

takes

only

2

hours

and

46

minutes

to

travel

from

Kunming

to

Pu’er,

3

hours

and

24

minutes

from

Kunming

to

Xishuangbanna,

10

hours

and

30

minutes

from

Kunming

to

Vientiane.

Traveling

by

China-Laos

Railway

is

an

exciting

way

to

enjoy

the

unusual

scenery

（風(fēng)景）

and

rich

cultures

along

the

line.

On

arriving

in

Kunming,

travelers

can

visit

the

Stone

Forest,

Dianchi

Lake

and

Dounan

Flower

Market.

After

getting

off

at

Pu’er

Station,

tourists

canexperience

the

ancient

tea-horse

road

in

southern

Yunnan

and

enjoy

the

tea

gardens

within

half

an

hour

by

car.

Starting

from

Xishuangbanna

Station,

visitors

can

reach

the

Wild

Elephant

Valley

and

Olive

Dam

within

an

hour

by

car.

If

you

are

going

to

visit

Yunnan

and

Laos,

traveling

by

China-Laos

Railway

will

be

a

great

choice.

（2023年云南省中考題）1.The

cross-border

passenger

service

of

the

China-Laos

Railway

started

in

February,

2023.(

)

F2.It

takes

ten

hours

and

a

half

to

travel

from

Kunming

to

Vientiane

on

the

cross-border

train.(

)

T3.The

writer

introduces

three

places

to

visit

in

Kunming

in

Paragraph

2.(

)

T4.After

getting

off

at

Pu’er

Station,

tourists

can

visit

the

tea

gardens.(

)

T5.The

text

comes

from

a

sports

magazine.(

)

FB（人與自然——自然生態(tài)——世界主要國家的地理位置，不同地區(qū)的生態(tài)特征與自然景觀）（2023年甘肅天水市中考題）1.The

sun

rises

at

6

o’clock

in

the

morning

on

Wednesday.(

)

T2.It

may

be

rainy

on

Thursday.(

)

T3.Friday

would

be

the

best

day

for

an

outdoor

soccer

game.(

)

F4.Saturday

will

be

sunny.(

)

T5.The

night

of

Sunday

will

be

the

warmest.(

)

FC

（人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——對(duì)世界、國家、人民和社會(huì)進(jìn)步有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物）

Hello,

everyone!

I’d

like

to

tell

you

something

about

a

famous

scientist

named

Qian

Xuesen.

He

was

born

in

Hangzhou,

Zhejiang

Province

in

December

1911.

After

he

graduated

from

Shanghai

Jiao

Tong

University

in

1934,

he

got

a

chance

to

study

in

the

USA.

After

he

graduated,

he

became

a

teacher

as

well

as

a

researcher

that

studies

rockets

and

missile

（導(dǎo)彈）

theories

（理論）.

When

he

was

44,

he

returned

to

our

country

and

the

country’s

space

research

was

almost

a

blank

（空白）.

In

1956,

he

set

up

the

first

research

institute

（研究所）

of

rockets

and

missiles.

He

made

such

important

contributions

to

the

missile

and

space

programs

that

he

was

honored

as

“The

Father

of

China’s

Missiles”.

The

Chinese

people

are

proud

of

him.

He

passed

away

in

October,

2009,

but

all

the

Chinese

will

remember

him

forever.

His

devotion

to

our

country

was

expressed

in

his

saying,

“My

career

（事業(yè)）

is

in

China,

my

success

is

in

Chinaand

my

destination

（終點(diǎn)）

is

in

China!”

When

someone

said

he

could

make

much

more

money

if

he

stayed

in

the

United

States,

he

laughed

and

said,

“My

family

name

is

Qian,

but

I

don’t

like

qian.”

His

spirit

encourages

us

to

love

our

country

and

devote

ourselves

to

science.

（2023年黑龍江綏化市中考題）1.Qian

Xuesen

was

born

in

Hangzhou.(

)

T2.Qian

Xuesen

got

a

chance

to

study

in

England

in

1934.(

)

F3.Qian

Xuesen

returned

to

China

in

1957.(

)

F4.Qian

Xuesen

is

“The

Father

of

China’s

Missiles”.(

)

T5.The

underlined

word

“qian”

in

Paragraph

（段落）

3

means

“money”.(

)

TD

（人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)與國際事務(wù)）

On

May

18th,

2023,

the

China-Central

Asia

Summit

（中亞峰會(huì)）

was

held

in

Xi’an.

Many

guests

from

other

Asian

countries

attended

this

important

meeting.

President

Xi

Jinping

made

a

speech

on

“One

Belt,

One

Road”

（“一帶一路”）.

It

has

been

10

years

since

President

Xi

announced

（提出）

the

initiative

（倡議）.

The

great

initiative

has

offered

the

chances

to

do

business

between

countries.

It

helps

products

from

other

countries

enter

China’s

market.

At

the

same

time,

all

kinds

of

products

made

in

China

are

sold

to

other

countries,

too.

It

leads

to

a

win-win

situation.

Many

countries

hope

to

get

stronger

and

stronger

through

“The

Belt

and

Road”.

Besides

international

trade,

China

has

built

plenty

of

high-speed

railways

for

neighbor

countries.

The

China-Laos

Railway

（中老鐵路）

is

a

typical

project

of

“The

Belt

and

Road”.

It

is

a

lot

more

convenient

for

Chinese

to

visit

Laos.

The

high-speed

railway

runs

1,035

kilometers,

from

the

city

of

Kunming

to

Vientiance

（萬象）,

the

capital

of

Laos.

“The

Belt

and

Road”

is

based

on

（基于）

the

ancient

Silk

Road.

However,

there

are

differences

between

them.

It

focuses

on

（集中）

the

Asian,

European

and

African

countries,

and

is

also

open

to

all

the

other

counties.

It’s

not

only

the

name

of

trade

roads

but

also

a

bridge

of

culture

between

China

and

many

other

countries.

China

also

works

more

closely

with

the

countries

in

languages,

science

and

education.

A

lot

of

countries

which

have

joined

the

team

exchange

culture

freely.

There

is

even

a

Silk

Route

Museum

（絲綢之路博物館）

in

Jiuquan

in

China.

It

has

over

35,000

objects

from

all

along

the

Silk

Road.

Over

the

past

10

years,

“The

Belt

and

Road”

has

made

great

progress

in

economy

（經(jīng)濟(jì)）

development,

cultural

exchange

and

quality

of

life.

（2023年湖南岳陽市中考題）1.It

has

been

20

years

since

China

announced

“One

Belt,

One

Road”.(

)

F2.The

China-Laos

Railway

connects

Dali

with

Vientiance.(

)

F3.A

lot

of

products

are

sent

to

Laos

through

the

China-Laos

Railway.(

)

T4.“The

Belt

and

Road”

is

the

same

as

the

ancient

Silk

Road.(

)

F5.There

is

a

Silk

Route

Museum

in

China.(

)

TE

（人與社會(huì)——文學(xué)、藝術(shù)與體育——中外影視、戲劇、音樂、舞蹈、繪畫、建筑等藝術(shù)形式中的文化價(jià)值和作品賞析，優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家及其藝術(shù)成就）

Have

you

seen

the

clay

soldiers

（士兵）

in

Xi’an’s

terracotta

museum?

Do

you

know

the

true

colors

of

them?

More

than

2,000

years

ago,

Qin

Shihuang,

the

first

emperor

of

China,

ordered

people

to

build

the

Terracotta

Army.

He

hoped

that

the

army

would

guard

him

after

he

died.

In

1974,

some

farmers

found

several

clay

soldiers

by

accident

in

Xi’an.

After

that,

about

8,000

more

were

found

by

archeologists

（考古學(xué)家）.

Today,

the

clay

soldiers

in

Xi’an’s

terracotta

museum

are

light

brown.

But

they

weren’t

always

this

color.

When

they

were

made,

they

had

the

colors

of

white,

green,

blue,

red,

purple

and

yellow.

Sadly,

most

of

the

colors

disappeared

today.

An

area

with

more

than

a

hundred

clay

soldiers

was

discovered

by

archeologists

a

few

years

ago.

Many

of

them

still

had

black

hair,

pink

faces

and

black

or

brown

eyes

when

they

were

found.

If

theywere

not

protected

well,

their

colors

would

disappear,

too.

After

a

clay

soldier

was

found,

archeologists

used

two

steps

to

keep

its

color.

First,

they

sprayed

（噴）

a

special

“water”

on

it.

Then,

they

covered

it

in

plastic.

Archeologists

are

facing

a

new

challenge

now.

They

are

going

to

find

a

way

to

put

the

colors

onto

the

clay

soldiers

again.

If

they

succeed

in

doing

it,

people

will

be

able

to

see

what

the

clay

soldiers

originally

（最初）

looked

like.

It

must

be

very

amazing.（2023年吉林省中考題）1.Qin

Shihuang

hoped

the

Terracotta

Army

would

guard

him

after

he

died.(

)

T2.Some

farmers

found

several

clay

soldiers

in

Beijing

in

1974.(

)

F3.The

clay

soldiers

were

light

brown

when

they

were

made.(

)

F4.Archeologists

used

three

steps

to

keep

the

clay

soldiers’

colors.(

)

F5.It’s

a

new

challenge

to

put

the

colors

onto

the

clay

soldiers

again.(

)

TF（人與社會(huì)——文學(xué)、藝術(shù)與體育——日常體育活動(dòng)，重大體育賽事，體育精神）A

Survey

on

Sports

in

Chengduby

Class

1,

Grade

9Q:

What

are

Chengdu

people’s

favorite

sports?Walking

is

No.

1

favorite.

Another

four

most

popular

sports

are

running,

ping-pong,

swimming

and

badminton.

Greenways

and

parks

near

their

homes

are

green

gifts

for

Chengduers

to

do

sports

conveniently.Q:

Do

Chengdu

people

do

sports

just

to

lose

weight?Not

really.

Physical

shape

doesn’t

matter

that

much.

The

chart

below

shows

the

reasons

for

exercise.Q:

Do

Chengdu

people

use

much

technology

when

doing

sports?Yes.

Technology,

such

as

smart

watches,

sports

apps

or

smart

gyms,

is

used

to

record

exercise

habits,

provide

suggestions,

give

reports

on

health

and

even

remind

people

to

do

sports.（2023年四川成都市中考題）1.The

top

three

popular

sports

in

Chengdu

are

.(

)

F2.Places

for

sports

are

easy

to

find

in

Chengdu.(

)

T3.The

chart

shows

that

about

a

quarter

of

Chengduers

exercise

to

spend

time

with

family.(

)

F4.We

can

learn

that

hobby

is

more

important

than

fashion

for

Chengduers

to

do

sports.(

)

T5.Technology

is

smart

but

hardly

used

in

daily

exercise.(

)

FG（人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——跨文化溝通與交流，語言與文化）Wearing

in

Britain

and

the

US

These

days,

most

people

in

Britain

and

the

US

do

not

wear

very

formally.

But

sometimes

it

is

important

to

wear

the

right

thing.

Many

British

people

don’t

think

about

clothes

very

much.

They

just

like

to

be

comfortable.

When

they

go

out

to

enjoy

themselves,

they

can

wear

almost

anything.

At

theatres,

cinemas,

and

concerts

you

can

put

on

what

you

like

from

beautiful

suits

and

dresses

to

jeans

and

sweaters.

Anything

goes,

as

long

as

you

look

clean

and

tidy.

But

in

Britain,

as

well

as

in

the

US,

men

in

offices

usually

wear

suits

and

ties,

and

women

wear

dresses

or

skirts

（not

trousers）.

Doctors,

lawyers

and

business

people

wear

formal

clothes.

And

in

some

hotels

and

restaurants

men

have

to

wear

ties

and

wear

tidy

clothes.

In

many

ways,

Americans

are

less

formal

than

British

people,but

they

are

careful

with

their

clothes.

At

home,

or

on

holiday,

most

Americans

wear

informal

or

sporty

clothes.

But

when

they

go

out

in

the

evening,

they

like

to

look

nice.

In

good

hotels

and

restaurants,

men

have

to

wear

jackets

and

ties,

and

women

wear

pretty

clothes.

It

is

difficult

to

say

exactly

what

people

wear

in

Britain

and

the

US,

because

everyone

is

different.

If

you

are

not

sure

what

to

wear,

watch

what

other

people

do

and

then

do

the

same.

You

will

feel

more

comfortable

if

you

don’t

look

too

different

from

everyone

else.（2023年內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市中考題）1.People

in

Britain

and

the

US

wear

informal

clothes

when

they

go

out

to

enjoy

themselves.(

)

T2.At

a

concert

people

wear

whatever

they

like.(

)

T3.According

to

the

passage,

it

is

true

that

women

are

usually

allowed

to

wear

trousers

in

offices.(

)

F4.“Anything

goes”

in

the

second

paragraph

means

“any

clothes

are

acceptable”.(

)

T5.Men

wear

ties

when

they

meet

their

wives

in

the

US.(

)

F二、

閱讀下面的語篇材料，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A

（人與社會(huì)——文學(xué)、藝術(shù)與體育——中外影視、戲劇、音樂、舞蹈、繪畫、建筑等藝術(shù)形式中的文化價(jià)值和作品賞析，優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家及其藝術(shù)成就）

Hello,

boys

and

girls!

Nice

to

see

you

again

in

our

art

club.

Today

we

are

going

to

learn

about

a

new

art

form.

It

was

created

by

an

American

artist

Haring.

He

is

good

at

different

kinds

of

scrawling

（涂鴉）.

Now

let’s

make

some

Haring

sports

scenes.

Please

follow

the

instructions.

If

you

have

any

questions,

let

me

know.（2023年黑龍江齊齊哈爾市中考題）1.First

of

all,

we

should

________.(

)

BA.repeat

with

different

posesB.get

everything

readyC.draw

the

head2.There

are

________

steps

to

make

a

Haring

sports

figure

before

adding

in

more

details.(

)

AA.six

B.seven

C.eight3.We

don’t

need

________

during

the

first

four

steps.(

)

CA.scissors

B.tacks

C.glue4.We

can

use

a

marker

pen

to

________.(

)

BA.cut

out

the

figureB.trace

the

figure

C.glue

the

figure5.In

this

period

of

the

art

club

activities,

you

probably

make

some

________

poses.(

)

AA.running

B.thinking

C.singingB

（人與自我——生活與學(xué)習(xí)——多彩、安全、有意義的學(xué)校生活；身心健康，抗挫能力，珍愛生命的意識(shí)）

Many

injuries

（傷害）

happen

suddenly.

For

example,

if

you

fall

off

a

bicycle

and

break

your

arm,

it

happens

very

quickly.

But

computer

injuries

happen

slowly.Your

eyes

Too

much

light

can

injure

your

eyes,

so

never

sit

too

close

to

a

computer

screen.

Your

eyes

should

be

at

least

50

centimeters

from

the

screen.

Remember

to

look

away

from

it

sometimes.

This

gives

your

eyes

a

rest.

When

you

use

a

computer,

the

window

should

be

on

your

left

or

your

right.

If

it

is

behind

you,

the

light

will

reflect

（反射）

on

the

screen.

If

the

windows

are

in

front

of

you,

the

sun

and

the

screen

will

both

shine

into

your

eyes.續(xù)表▲

Hand

and

wrist

（手腕）

injuries

can

happen

because

the

hands

and

wrists

are

moved

in

the

same

way

hundreds

of

times.

If

you

use

a

keyboard

for

a

long

time,

follow

these

three

rules:

（1）Rest

your

wrists

on

something.

（2）Keep

your

elbows

at

the

same

height

as

the

keyboard.

（3）Stop

sometimes

and

exercise

your

hands,

wrists

and

fingers

in

a

different

way.續(xù)表Your

back

Some

people

sit

for

many

hours

in

front

of

a

computer.

If

you

sit

in

a

wrong

way,

it

can

injure

your

back

or

your

neck.

So

you

should

sit

with

your

back

straight.

The

top

part

of

the

screen

should

be

in

front

of

your

eyes.

Your

forearms,

wrists

and

hands

should

all

be

parallel

（平行）

to

the

floor.

If

you

are

sitting

for

a

long

time,

get

up

every

30

minutes

and

exercise

your

arms,

legs

and

neck.Enjoy

your

computer,

but

use

it

safely.（2023年湖南常德市中考題）續(xù)表1.Which

kind

of

injuries

may

happen

slowly?(

)

CA.You

use

your

computer

correctly.B.You

fall

off

a

bicycle

and

break

your

arm.C.You

sit

in

a

wrong

way

for

many

hours

in

front

of

a

computer.2.How

far

should

you

keep

your

eyes

from

the

screen?(

)

BA.At

least

30

cm.

B.At

least

50

cm.

C.At

least

70

cm.3.Which

can

best

be

for

“▲”?(

)

AA.Your

hands

and

wrists.B.Your

head

and

neck.C.Your

legs

and

feet.4.What

does

the

writer

tell

us

in

the

passage?(

)

BA.You’d

better

not

use

the

computer.B.Enjoy

your

computer,

but

use

it

safely.C.Keep

away

from

the

computer

to

be

safe.C（人與自然——環(huán)境保護(hù)——熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生；環(huán)境污染及原因，環(huán)保意識(shí)和行為）Green

Energy

for

Today

and

Tomorrow

Did

you

know

that

most

of

the

energy

we

use

comes

from

the

sun?

For

example,

the

sun

helps

plants

to

grow.

Plants

that

grew

millions

of

years

ago

turned

into

coal,

oil,

and

natural

gas

（天然氣）.

We

call

these

fossil

fuels

（化石燃料）.

However,

fossil

fuels

make

pollution.

This

is

bad

for

the

earth.

Fossil

fuels

are

also

nonrenewable.

Some

day

they

will

be

gone.

So,

scientists

want

people

to

use

green

energy.

Why

is

green

energy

important?

First,

it

is

clean.

It

doesn’t

hurt

the

earth.

Next,

it

is

renewable.

It

won’t

run

out.

Green

energy

gives

us

almost

25%

of

the

electricity

we

use

today.

What

are

the

main

sources

（來源）

of

green

energy?

Water

Power

Water

power

uses

moving

water

in

rivers

and

dams

（堤壩）.

Moving

water

has

energy.

Water

power

makes

16.6%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

Wind

Power

Is

wind

power

new?

No,

it

isn’t.

People

used

wind

power

many

years

ago.

Wind

power

makes

4%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

Solar

Power

Solar

power

comes

from

sunlight.

The

sun

shines

on

solar

panels

（太陽能板）,

and

electricity

is

made.

Solar

power

is

now

as

cheap

as

some

fossil

fuels.

It

makes

15%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

Biomass

（生物質(zhì)能）

Biomass

is

energy

that

we

get

from

plants

around

us.

For

example,

deadwood

or