（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第12篇老師譯文筆記

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天1.通過(guò)展現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)上課、集中精力和課前準(zhǔn)備這些品質(zhì),大學(xué)生不僅能獲得教授以及同齡人的尊重,也能成長(zhǎng)為成熟穩(wěn)重的成年人,為在學(xué)術(shù)和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的成功做好準(zhǔn)備.By

demonstrating

(1.展現(xiàn))punctuality,attentivenessandpreparednessforclass,collegestudentswillnotonly

commandtherespectof

(2.贏得……的尊重)theirprofessorsandpeers,butalsodevelopintomatureadults

wellpositionedfor(3.為……做好準(zhǔn)備)successbothinacademiaand

intherealworld(4.現(xiàn)實(shí)生活).

1-demonstrate

詞典釋義：demonstrate2.VERB

動(dòng)詞

顯示;表露

Ifyou

demonstrateaparticularskill,quality,orfeeling,youshowbyyouractionsthatyouhaveit.【語(yǔ)法信息】：Vn?Havethey,forexample,demonstratedacommitmenttodemocracy?

例如,他們是否已表現(xiàn)出會(huì)致力于民主??Thegovernment'sgoingtogreatlengthsto

demonstrate

itsmilitarymight.該政府正不遺余力地展示其軍事力量.外刊例句：Asexistingelectriccarsattest,today’slithium-ion

batteriesarelimitedinrangeandcanprovetemperamental—notleastby

demonstrating

adisturbingtendency

toburstintoflamesifoverheated.

()現(xiàn)存的電動(dòng)汽車測(cè)試證實(shí),鋰電池如今種類有限,且不穩(wěn)定——主要就是它溫度過(guò)高時(shí)就會(huì)想要著火,這實(shí)在讓人不安.

替換表達(dá)：showsomething/displaysomething/exhibitsomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

Byrevealing點(diǎn)評(píng)：reveal是指揭露、顯示之前隱藏的事物,不能用在指展現(xiàn)人的品質(zhì).

2-commandtherespectofcommand這里是及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)既可以是人,例如"(人)享有/應(yīng)得他人的尊敬、支持、興趣等”,也可以是物,例如"(物)應(yīng)得好價(jià)錢等”.

詞典釋義：commandtransitive

■todeserveandgetsomethinggood,suchasattention,

respect,oralotofmoney

應(yīng)得,值得?Shewasoneofthoseteacherswhojustcommandedrespect.

她是那些值得尊敬的老師中的一位.?She

commands

oneofthehighestfeesperfilminHollywood.她是好萊塢片酬最高的演員之一.

外刊例句：However,thefactofthematteris,hecannot

commandtherespectof

hisownparty,sohowcanhehopeto

command

therespectof

Brussels?(TheGuardian)然而,他事實(shí)上連自己黨派的尊重都得不到,又怎么敢想去贏得歐盟各成員國(guó)的尊重呢?

替換表達(dá)：earn/gain/win(sb)therespectof學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

earn/win

respectofsomebody點(diǎn)評(píng)：respectofsomebody前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞the,即earn/wintherespectofsomebody(2)

beaffordedrespect點(diǎn)評(píng)：afford含義是"買得起;提供(給某人機(jī)會(huì)或保護(hù)等)”,用在這里不妥.

3-(be)wellpositionedfor這個(gè)短語(yǔ)取"position-v-把……安放到某位置”的延伸含義,理解為"把……放到合適的位置以便做某事”.

詞典釋義：bewell/ideallypositioned

phrase

tobeinagoodsituationtobeabletodosomething

Thebrandis

wellpositionedtosucceedintheSpanishmarket.

Thesaurus：

inagood,betterorpleasantsituationsynonym

Main

entry：

position

外刊例句：NowAlibaba

iswellpositionedfor

thenextwave."TheriseofChineseconsumers,Chinesetourists,Chinesecompaniesgoingglobalandsoon[willoffer]lotsofnewopportunities,”hesays.

()阿里巴巴集團(tuán)現(xiàn)在已對(duì)下一波浪潮做好準(zhǔn)備.他說(shuō)："中國(guó)消費(fèi)者、旅游者和公司越來(lái)越多地走向世界,這即將帶來(lái)大量新機(jī)遇.”

替換表達(dá)：bereadyforsomething/bewellpreparedforsomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

well

preparationfor點(diǎn)評(píng)：well是副詞,不能用于修飾名詞preparation,這里可以改為bewellpreparedfor

4-intherealworld

詞典釋義：therealworldnoun

onlysingular

■thesetofsituationsmosthumanshavetodealwith

intheirlives,ratherthanwhathappensinstories,films,etc.

現(xiàn)實(shí)世界?Christine,theplay'sbullyingmain

character,wouldn'tlastaminute

in

therealworld.克莉絲蒂娜,劇中那個(gè)橫行霸道的主角,在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中一分鐘都活不了.

外刊例句：Progresshasbeenslow,butsteady.Andnowitmaybe

possibletoseehowacertaintypeofquantumcomputerperforms

intherealworld.OnMay15th,ata

computingconferenceinIschiainItaly,CatherineMcGeoch,acomputer

scientistatAmherstCollegeinMassachusetts,presentedapaperdescribing

theperformanceofaquantumcomputermanufacturedbyaCanadianfirmcalled

D-Wave.

()進(jìn)展緩慢卻穩(wěn)定.現(xiàn)在,人們可能可以看清量子計(jì)算機(jī)到底在真實(shí)世界是如何運(yùn)作的了.5月15日,麻省艾莫斯特學(xué)院的電腦科學(xué)家CatherineMcGeoch在意大利伊斯基亞舉辦的一次電腦大會(huì)上,介紹了她的論文,內(nèi)容有關(guān)一家名為D-Wave的加拿大公司生產(chǎn)的量子計(jì)算機(jī)的性能.

替換表達(dá)：inreallife

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

realistic

lives點(diǎn)評(píng)：沒(méi)有realisticlives的說(shuō)法,這里可以改為固定表達(dá)intherealworld或者inreallife(2)

sociallife點(diǎn)評(píng)：sociallife是指"社交生活,社交活動(dòng)”(Yoursociallifeinvolvesspendingtimewithyourfriends,for

exampleatpartiesorinpubsorbars),用在此處不妥.

Q：attentiveness和attention是同一個(gè)詞根的名詞,

有什么區(qū)別呢?A：attentiveness是指"專心致志;照顧周到”,attention是指"注意力”,兩者有所不同.

Q：獲得尊重areaffordedprofessors'and

peers'respect這樣寫對(duì)么?我總覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)別扭,但是不知道怎么在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上改A：這里afford用錯(cuò)了,afford含義是"買得起;提供(給某人機(jī)會(huì)或保護(hù)等)”,不能用來(lái)指"贏得尊重”,可以改為command,professors'and

peers'respect改為the

respectoftheirprofessorsandpeers會(huì)更加自然.

Bydemonstratingpunctuality,attentivenessand

preparednessforclass,collegestudentswillnotonlycommandtherespectof

theirprofessorsandpeers,butalsodevelopintomatureadultswellpositionedforsuccessbothinacademiaandintherealworld.

[分析]本句可分為兩個(gè)部分,第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之前為從句部分,第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之后為主句部分.從句是一個(gè)由介詞by引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ),在該狀語(yǔ)中,demonstrating之后跟隨三個(gè)并列的名詞punctuality,attentivenessandpreparednessforclass作其賓語(yǔ).主句的主語(yǔ)是collegestudents,謂語(yǔ)部分則由并列連詞notonly…butalso…連接的willnotonlycommand…butalsodevelop承擔(dān),這兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)之后,therespectof

theirprofessorsandpeers作command的賓語(yǔ),intomatureadultswellpositionedforsuccessbothinacademiaand

intherealworld作修飾develop的狀語(yǔ),在這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)中,wellpositionedforsuccessbothinacademiaandintherealworld為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾matureadults.

2.如今大學(xué)生所擁有的數(shù)量過(guò)多的電子設(shè)備已經(jīng)占據(jù)了他們很多精力,包括電腦、手機(jī)和掌上游戲機(jī).這些設(shè)備占用了寶貴的本來(lái)可以用于學(xué)習(xí)或做學(xué)術(shù)研究的時(shí)間.Collegestudentstodayalreadyhave

asurplusof

(1.數(shù)量過(guò)多的)electronicdevicesto

keepthemoccupied(2.占據(jù)精力),includingcomputers,cellphonesandhandheldgamingdevices.Allofthesecan

takeupvaluabletime

(3.占據(jù)寶貴時(shí)間)that

wouldotherwise

(4.本來(lái)可以……)bespentstudyingordoingacademicwork.

1-asurplusofsth.surplus既可以作名詞也可以作形容詞.

詞典釋義：surplusUK

['s?：.pl?s]

US

['s?：-]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

adjective

ADVANCED

■(anamountwhichis)morethanisneeded

剩余(的),多余(的);過(guò)剩(的)?Theworldisnowproducinglargefood

surpluses.世界上目前生產(chǎn)的食品大大過(guò)剩.?Weareunlikelytoproduceany

surplus

thisyear.我們今年不太可能有任何盈余.?Thegovernmenthasauthorizedthearmytosellits

surplus

weapons.政府已經(jīng)授權(quán)軍隊(duì)出售多余的武器.?UKThestoreissellingoffstockthatis

surplustorequirements

(=morethantheyneedtohave).這家商店正在拋售多余的存貨.

外刊例句：Aninterestingparadoxinthetechnologyworldisthatthereisbothashortageand

asurplusof

engineersintheUnitedStates.TalktothoseworkingatanySiliconValleycompany,andtheywilltellyouhowharditistofindqualifiedtalent.Butlistentotheheart-wrenchingstoriesofunemployedengineers,andyouwillrealizethattherearetensofthousandswhocan'tgetjobs.

()科技界存在著奇特的自相矛盾情況——美國(guó)科技界面臨著工程師短缺的同時(shí)又面臨著工程師供過(guò)于求.若與那些硅谷的科技公司的職員聊天,他們總會(huì)說(shuō)很難找到稱職的工程師.但聽聞些失業(yè)工程師的故事后,感到難過(guò)之余,你又會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)到,有成千上萬(wàn)工程師仍找不到工作.

替換表達(dá)：anexcessofsomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

largeamounts

of點(diǎn)評(píng)：amountof后面只能接不可數(shù)名詞,而electronic

devices是可數(shù)名詞,不能用amountof來(lái)修飾.(2)

anumberof點(diǎn)評(píng)：anumberof含義是"幾個(gè),若干”,這里沒(méi)有表達(dá)出"數(shù)量過(guò)?！钡囊馑?(3)

numerous點(diǎn)評(píng)：numerous含義是"很多”,但沒(méi)有表達(dá)出"數(shù)量過(guò)?！钡囊馑?

2-keepsboccupiedoccupy既可以指空間的占據(jù),也可以指時(shí)間、精力的占據(jù),后常跟介詞短語(yǔ)withsth;另外,keepsb/sthdone中,done直接作賓補(bǔ),不需要用keepsb/sthbeingdone的形式.

詞典釋義：occupied

oc·cu·pied/

?ɑkj??pa?d

;

??kj?pa?d

/adjective

1.notbeforenounbusydoingsomething忙于…的,從事…的：

[+

with

]?Histimewasoccupiedwiththechildren.他的時(shí)間都用于照顧孩子了.?She'sfullyoccupiedwithwork.工作使她忙得不可開交.?Themuseumhasenoughexhibitstokeepanyoneoccupiedforanhourortwo.這座博物館的藏品數(shù)量足夠讓任何一個(gè)人觀賞一兩個(gè)小時(shí).?Ikeptmyself

occupiedbywatchingtelevision.為了不讓自己閑著,我就一直看電視.

外刊例句：Howareutilitycompaniesresponding?Forthemoment,

preparingtotakeadvantageofnewlyliberalisingmarkets—throughallianceswith,andacquisitionsof,complementarycompanies—isenoughto

keepthemoccupied.

()公用事業(yè)公司將如何應(yīng)對(duì)?目前看來(lái),他們都在為從新的自由市場(chǎng)中得到好處而做準(zhǔn)備,比如通過(guò)與優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)的公司合作或收購(gòu)它們,而這已經(jīng)夠他們忙的了.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

theenergiesareswallowedup點(diǎn)評(píng)：energy在這里是不可數(shù)名詞,energies應(yīng)該改為energy(2)

takenover

toomuchenergy點(diǎn)評(píng)：takeover表達(dá)不妥,它在詞典中的含義是：(1)tobegintohavecontrolofor

responsibilityforsth,especiallyinplaceofsbelse接替;接任;接管;接手(2)togaincontrolofapoliticalparty,a

country,etc.控制,接管(政黨、國(guó)家等),不能用來(lái)指"占據(jù)精力”.(3)

takemuch

theirenergy點(diǎn)評(píng)：應(yīng)該改為takeupmuch

oftheirenergy

3-takeupvaluabletime

詞典釋義：5.PHRASAL

VERB

短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

占用,花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、空間或精力)

Ifsomething

takesup

a

particularamountoftime,space,oreffort,itusesthatamount.

【語(yǔ)法信息】：VPn(notpron)

【語(yǔ)法信息】：beV-edPwith-ing/n

【語(yǔ)法信息】：VPnwithn/-ing?IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandnaturallyIwouldn'twant

to

takeup

toomuchofyourtime...我知道您肯定特別忙,我當(dāng)然不想占用您太多的時(shí)間.?Theentirememotookupalloftwopages...整個(gè)備忘錄寫了滿滿兩頁(yè)紙.?Agooddealofmytimeistakenupwithreadingcritical

essaysandreviews...我的大部分時(shí)間都用在閱讀評(píng)論文章上了.

?Theaimwasnotto

takeup

valuabletimewiththeusualboringpictures.目的在于不要用常見的無(wú)聊圖片占用寶貴時(shí)間.

外刊例句：Thecriticshaveacase,uptoapoint.Manyoftheclaims

madeundertheADAarefrivolous,and

takeupvaluabletime

andresources.

()這些批評(píng)說(shuō)到了點(diǎn)子上.這些美國(guó)糖料病協(xié)會(huì)作出的聲明過(guò)于輕率,還占用了寶貴的時(shí)間與資源.

替換表達(dá)：fill/consume/useupprecioustime

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

spendthe

precioustime點(diǎn)評(píng)：precioustime在這里是泛指,且time是不可數(shù)名詞,前面的冠詞the應(yīng)該去掉.即somebodyspendsprecioustimedoingsomething或者somethingtakesupprecioustime

4-wouldotherwiseotherwise常見的翻譯是"否則、要不然”,

其實(shí)把這種翻譯擴(kuò)展一下,即"如果不是前述做法,就會(huì)……”,對(duì)應(yīng)到中文,就是"可能會(huì)……”、或者"本來(lái)會(huì)……”.

詞典釋義：otherwise

●●●●○1.ADV

副詞

否則;不然

Youuse

otherwise

afterstatingasituationorfact,inordertosaywhatthe

resultorconsequencewouldbeifthissituationorfactwasnotthecase.

【搭配模式】：ADVwithcl?Makeanoteofthequestionsyouwanttoask.Youwill

invariablyforgetsomeofthem

otherwise...把想提的問(wèn)題記下來(lái),否則總是會(huì)漏掉其中的一些.

?I'mluckythatI'minterestedinschoolwork,

otherwise

I'dgomad.我很慶幸自己對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)懷有興趣,不然我會(huì)瘋掉的.

?...menwhowanttoprovidepositiverolemodelsforkids

whomight

otherwise

beoutonthestreets.想為那些可能會(huì)流落街頭的孩子樹立榜樣的人

外刊例句：Itsconclusionisthattheywillbehigh：thecentral

estimatetoutedbyGeorgeOsborne,thechancellor,isthatGDPmaybe6.2%lower

thanit

wouldotherwise

havebeen

by2030,anannualcostthathereckonsworksoutatsome￡4,300($6,000)per

household.

()該結(jié)論是它們會(huì)很高：財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)喬治·奧斯本吹噓的主要估算是國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值到2030年將比本來(lái)的預(yù)期低6.2%,他認(rèn)為每戶人的年開銷應(yīng)該大概會(huì)在4300英鎊(6000美元).

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

could/should

havedone點(diǎn)評(píng)：這里虛擬語(yǔ)氣使用有誤.could/

shouldhave用來(lái)表示過(guò)去本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事,但卻沒(méi)有做.比如：

Ishouldhavegonethis

morningbutIwasfeelingabitill...今天早晨我本應(yīng)該走的,但是我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)不舒服.而原句的意思是眾多電子設(shè)備會(huì)占據(jù)本來(lái)應(yīng)該用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間,這里只是一種假設(shè),不能用could/should

havedone

Q：invaluable和valuable有什么區(qū)別,用法有區(qū)別嗎?A：invaluable以及valuable都可以表示"寶貴的”(veryusefulinhelpingyoudosomething),但是invaluable的寶貴程度要更深,valuable可以翻譯為"寶貴的”,invaluable可以翻譯為"極其寶貴的”.此外,valuable還有"值錢的,貴重的”這一層含義,比如：avaluablepainting一幅名貴的畫,但invaluable沒(méi)有,不可以說(shuō)

aninvaluablepainting

Q：想問(wèn)一下wouldotherwise的來(lái)源是什么,這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的用法嗎?我查了牛津高階,劍橋,柯林斯字典

都沒(méi)有這種用法~A：有.可以參考韋氏詞典例句：Thenewcomputerprogramallowsustodo

insecondswhatwouldotherwise[=withoutthecomputerprogram]takeusdays

toaccomplish.

此外,《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》等外刊上經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這一用法,比如：Thatallowsthecomputerstoteachthemselvesrulesofthumbthathumanprogrammerswouldotherwisehavetotrytowriteexplicitlyincomputercode,anotoriouslydifficulttask.

3.比起在校外租公寓住,居住在學(xué)生宿舍能夠節(jié)省開支.公寓租金一般很高,學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)會(huì)為此花費(fèi)大量金錢,而高校所收取的住宿費(fèi)一般較為合理.Comparedto

(1.比起……)rentinganapartmentoff-campus,livinginastudentdormcan

leadtofinancialsavings(2.節(jié)省開支).Whileapartmentrentsareoftenhighandcanquickly

drainstudents'ortheirparents'bankaccounts(3.消耗金錢),collegestypically

chargereasonablerates(4.收取合理的費(fèi)用)forstudentaccommodations.

1-comparedtoAcomparesBwith/toC,意為"A將B和C進(jìn)行比較”,被比較的二者是B和C,所以當(dāng)B作為邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí),compare需要被動(dòng),注意不能寫成"ComparingtoC,B……”的形式.

詞典釋義：compareUK

[k?m'pe?r]

US

[-per]

verb

transitive

EXAMINE

DIFFERENCES

查找差異

ESSENTIAL

■toexamineorlookforthedifferencebetweentwoormore

things

對(duì)比,對(duì)照,比較?Ifyou

compare

housepricesinthetwoareas,it's

quiteamazinghowdifferenttheyare.如果比較一下兩個(gè)地段的房?jī)r(jià),你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者差別竟如此之大.?Thatseemsexpensive-haveyou

compared

pricesin

othershops?

那好像很貴——你有沒(méi)有比較一下其他店里的價(jià)格??Compare

somerecentwork

with

yourolderstuffandyou'llseehowmuchyou've

improved.把你近來(lái)的作品與以前的對(duì)照一下,你就會(huì)知道你的進(jìn)步有多大.?Thisroadisquitebusy

compared

to/with

ours.與我們那條路相比,這條路很繁忙.?Childrenseemtolearnmoreinterestingthings

compared

to/with

whenwewereatschool.與我們上學(xué)時(shí)相比,孩子現(xiàn)在學(xué)到的有趣東西似乎更多一些.

外刊例句：When

comparedto

thethreeotherslowestpost-warrecoveries,thecurrent"joblessrecovery”

hasbeenthoughtuniqueinitslackofemploymentgrowth.()若把今日的"就業(yè)復(fù)蘇”與其它三次緩慢的戰(zhàn)后復(fù)蘇相比,它會(huì)顯得很獨(dú)特,因?yàn)樗](méi)有增加就業(yè).

替換表達(dá)：comparedwith/incomparisonwith

2-leadtofinancialsavings

詞典釋義：saving

●●●○○1.N-COUNT

可數(shù)名詞

節(jié)省;節(jié)約

A

saving

isa

reductionintheamountoftimeormoneythatisusedorneeded.

【搭配模式】：usuwithsupp?Fillintheformbelowandyouwillbemakinga

saving

of

￡6.60onaone-yearsubscription.填寫以下表格,全年訂閱即可為您節(jié)省6.60英鎊.?...aprogramofhousehold

savings

onenergyuse.家庭節(jié)能計(jì)劃

leadtoPhrasal

Verbs

leadtosth

ESSENTIAL

■Ifanactionoreventleadstosomething,itcausesthat

thingtohappenorexist

導(dǎo)致,引起?Reducingspeedlimitsshould

lead

tofewerdeaths

ontheroads.降低限速可以減少交通死亡人數(shù).

外刊例句：Thegovernmenthaspreviouslyjustifiedthewelfarecapon

thegroundsof"fairness”becauseinprinciplenojoblesshouseholdshould

getmoreinbenefitincomethanthe￡26,000earnedbytheaverageworking

family.Itarguesthatthecapwillincentivisepeopletomoveintoworkand

leadtofinancialsavings

of￡500m

overthenextfiveyears.

()政府之前打著"公平”的名義來(lái)給福利上限政策辯護(hù),因?yàn)?從原則上來(lái)說(shuō),失業(yè)家庭的福利收入理應(yīng)高于普通工薪家庭平均年收入26000英鎊.它認(rèn)為,該上限能刺激民眾去工作,從而在未來(lái)5年給政府節(jié)省5億英鎊支出.

替換表達(dá)：savemoney

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

cutdownonexpenditures點(diǎn)評(píng)：expenditure一般指政府或機(jī)構(gòu)的開支,用來(lái)指學(xué)生的開支不妥.

3-drainone’sbankaccounts詞典釋義：drain[dre?n]verb

REDUCE減少

intransitiveortransitive

■toreduceorcause

somethingtoreduce使減少;使降低;消耗?Thelongwarhad

drainedtheresourcesofbothcountries.那場(chǎng)曠日持久的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使兩國(guó)元?dú)獯髠??Wardrainsa

nationofitsyouthanditswealth(=usesthemuntiltheyaregone).戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)消耗掉的是國(guó)家的青年和財(cái)富.

外刊例句：InachilledStarbucksmyfriendbroughtmeanicedcoffee,

whichIdrankthroughastraw(myjawstillhurt)andsaid,"Thepeoplein

thebankprobablythinkIbeatyouupandamtryingto

drainyourbankaccounts.That’swhatitlookslike.”

(www.

)在一家沒(méi)多少人的星巴克里,我的朋友給我買了杯冰咖啡.我用吸管來(lái)喝它,因?yàn)槲业南掳瓦€很痛,而他接著說(shuō)道："銀行的那些人可能會(huì)覺(jué)得我打了你一頓,并且企圖花光你的錢,而現(xiàn)在這情況看起來(lái)就是那樣”.

替換表達(dá)：eatinto/useupsavings/consumemoney

4-chargereasonableratescharge作為動(dòng)詞含義較多,除了"收費(fèi)”,還有"控告”、"命令”.

詞典釋義：rate[re?t]

noun

countable

PAYMENT

付款

ESSENTIAL

■anamountorlevelofpayment

價(jià)格;費(fèi)用?Weagreeda

rate

withthepainterbeforehe

startedwork.開工前,我們和油漆工談好了薪酬.?What'sthe

going

(=standard)

rate

for

thistypeofwork?

這種工作一般酬金是多少??Doyoupayyourmortgageona

fixed

or

variable

rate?

你怎樣還抵押貸款,是定額償付還是不定額償付?

外刊例句：Englishcommonlawcametoseeinnkeepers,boatmen,

warehouseownersandgranaryoperatorsas"commoncarriers”：transporttrades

compelledtoserveallcomers,andto

charge

reasonablerates.

()英國(guó)習(xí)慣法曾視小旅館掌柜、船主、貨倉(cāng)擁有者和糧倉(cāng)擁有者為"慣常運(yùn)送者”：負(fù)責(zé)用于服務(wù)外來(lái)者的運(yùn)輸貿(mào)易,并收取合理的費(fèi)用.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

charge

reasonableaccommodationfee點(diǎn)評(píng)：fee是可數(shù)名詞,這里應(yīng)該改為accommodationfees

Q：我從網(wǎng)上查到comparedto是比較不同物體之間的相同點(diǎn),comparedwith是比較相似物體之間的不同點(diǎn),但是Macmillan詞典上兩者可混用,到底哪個(gè)對(duì)呢?A：comparedto以及comparedwith兩者可以混用,按照麥克米倫詞典的用法來(lái)就行.網(wǎng)上有些說(shuō)法不準(zhǔn)確.

comparedwith/to

phrase

usedfortalkingaboutthewaysinwhichtwothingsaredifferent,

oraboutthewaysinwhichsomethinghaschanged

Profitswere

goodcomparedwithlastyear.

Comparedto

someofthethingsshe’ssaid,thiswaspolite.

ascomparedto/with：

25%of

school-agechildrensmoke,ascomparedto21%ofadults.

Thesaurus：

waysof

comparingthingssynonym

Main

entry：

compared

Q：為啥這邊用的是compared而不是comparing呢A：AcomparesBwith/toC,意為"A將B和C進(jìn)行比較”,被比較的二者是B和C,當(dāng)B作為被比較的對(duì)象時(shí),應(yīng)該說(shuō)

ComparedtoC,B…(還原后相當(dāng)于WhenBiscomparedtoC,B…),因?yàn)椴荒苷f(shuō)ComparingtoC,B…

Q：老師,我想請(qǐng)問(wèn),在翻譯句子中我有個(gè)疑惑,就是給出的句子,我一般直接抽取里面漢語(yǔ)的主干,然后再放上各種定語(yǔ)和從句等其他修飾成分,可是老師翻譯的往往和漢語(yǔ)很不一樣,名詞性的話,用動(dòng)詞來(lái)表達(dá),動(dòng)詞性的話,用名詞來(lái)表達(dá),我有點(diǎn)迷茫.A：翻譯的時(shí)候不必嚴(yán)格按照詞性對(duì)等的原則來(lái)翻,可以靈活處理,只要意思正確即可.

Q：住宿費(fèi)太高是不是只能用high,而不能用expensive?A：prices/fees/rents這類名詞可以用high來(lái)修飾,但不可以用expensive(Youuse

high

aboutrents/fees/prices/costs.Don’tuse

expensive

withthesewords),比如我們可以說(shuō)

Accommodationfeesarehigh.但我們不可以說(shuō)Accommodationfeesareexpensive.我們要說(shuō)Accommodation

isexpensive.

4.企業(yè)招聘人員高度重視全面發(fā)展的學(xué)生,這些學(xué)生不僅有高學(xué)分,還擁有創(chuàng)業(yè)或工作經(jīng)驗(yàn).雇主會(huì)認(rèn)為,與那些缺乏工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)生相比,他們有更強(qiáng)烈的上進(jìn)心,工作更努力,而且更為成熟.Corporaterecruiters

placeapremiumon

(1.高度重視)well-rounded

(2.全面發(fā)展)studentswhonotonlyhavegoodgradesbutalso

possessentrepreneurialoremploymentexperience(3.擁有創(chuàng)業(yè)或工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)).Employerswill

regard

(4.認(rèn)為……)thesestudentsasmoreambitious,hard-workingandmaturethangraduateswholacksuchworkexperience.

1-placeapremiumon

詞典釋義：6.PHRASE

短語(yǔ)

高度重視

Ifyou

placeahighpremiumon

aqualityorcharacteristicor

putahighpremiumon

it,

youregarditasveryimportant.

【搭配模式】：Vinflects?Iplaceahigh

premiumonwhatsomeoneislikeasaperson...我非常重視一個(gè)人的人品.

?Theyputahigh

premiumonpreventionandprimarycare.他們對(duì)預(yù)防和初級(jí)護(hù)理極為重視.

外刊例句：Soldiers

placea

premiumon

beingtough,andmanyavoidseeingpsychologistsatallcosts.()士兵注重展露堅(jiān)韌品質(zhì),大多想盡辦法逃避看心理醫(yī)生.

替換表達(dá)：thinghighlyof

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

payhigh

attentionto點(diǎn)評(píng)：表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確.Pay

attentionto是"注意……”的意思.(2)puthighemphasison點(diǎn)評(píng)：putemphasison

一般搭配是putemphasisonsomething,例如：Schoolshereput/place/laygreatemphasisonwrittenworkand

grammar.

這里的學(xué)校特別重視寫作和文法.一般沒(méi)有put

emphasisonsomebody的用法.

2-well-rounded

詞典釋義：well-rounded

[?wel'ra?n.d?d]

adjective

■involvingorhavingexperienceinawiderangeofideas

oractivities

全面的;多方面的?It'sa

well-rounded

articlewhichisfairtoboth

sidesofthedispute.這是一篇分析很全面的文章,對(duì)分歧的雙方都很公平.?Shedescribesherselfasa"well-rounded

person"whoworkshardbuthasavariedsociallife.她把自己描述成一個(gè)"全面發(fā)展的人”,工作努力,社交生活也豐富多彩.

外刊例句：In1956WilliamWhytearguedinhisbestseller,"The

OrganisationMan”,thatcompaniesweresoinlovewith"well-rounded”executivesthattheyfoughta"fightagainst

genius”.Todaymanysufferfromtheoppositeprejudice.

()1956年威廉·懷特在他的暢銷書籍《組織人》中提出了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn).他認(rèn)為公司過(guò)于喜愛那些"全才型”的總裁,以致于許多公司已經(jīng)到了"和天才為敵”的地步.如今,他們大多受困于與以前相反的偏見.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

all-rounded點(diǎn)評(píng)：沒(méi)有all-rounded的說(shuō)法,應(yīng)該改為all-round(2)

thefull

rangeof點(diǎn)評(píng)：afullrangeof

something是指一系列事物,Thereisafullrangeofactivities

forchildren.這里有給孩子們提供的各種活動(dòng).afullrangeof不能用來(lái)指學(xué)生全面發(fā)展.(3)

well-developed點(diǎn)評(píng)：well-developed是指"發(fā)育良好的,健全的”,比如：Sheisaphysicallywell-developedteenagerwiththeemotionaland

mentallevelofafour-year-old.她是一個(gè)身體發(fā)育良好的少女,可是情感和智力只相當(dāng)于四歲大孩子的程度.

3-possessentrepreneurialoremploymentexperience

詞典釋義：possess[p?'zes]

verb

transitive

OWN

擁有

IMPROVER

■tohaveorownsomething,ortohaveaparticularquality

擁有;具有?Idon't

possess

asingleDVD(=Idon'thaveeven

oneDVD).我一張DVD光碟都沒(méi)有.?Inthepasttherootofthisplantwasthoughtto

possess

magicalpowers.過(guò)去這種植物的根被認(rèn)為具有神奇的力量.

外刊例句：AsurveybytheGraduateManagementAdmissionCouncil,an

associationofbusinessschools,foundthatalthoughonly4%ofMBAs

haveentrepreneurialexperience

when

theyentertheircourse,26%saytheywanttostartcompaniesafterthey

graduate.

()據(jù)研究生入學(xué)管理委員會(huì)(一家商業(yè)學(xué)校聯(lián)盟協(xié)會(huì))的報(bào)告顯示,盡管僅4%的MBA新生有商業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),但在他們當(dāng)中,26%的人想在畢業(yè)后創(chuàng)業(yè).

替換表達(dá)：have/possess/gainworkexperience

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

have

experiencesofstartingtheirownbusinessorworking點(diǎn)評(píng)：haveexperience

ofsomething/doingsomething,此時(shí)experience是不可數(shù)名詞,不能說(shuō)haveexperiences