2024北京豐臺區(qū)高三（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京豐臺高三（上）期末英語2024.01本試卷共12頁，100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。筆試(共三部分100分)第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Allmyfriendshadmadethefootballcheerleadingteamexceptme.Mynamewas___1___fromthelist.Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.Ifoughtbacktears,wantingtobestrong.Knowingthatnextyearwouldbringanewroundoftry-outs,Istartedpracticingandwasdeterminedtoseemynameonthelist.However,mydadsuggestedthatIgetinvolvedinaschool-sport-___3___asanyonecouldsignupwithnotry-outs.IhadnoideawhatIwasgettingmyselfinto.Ionly___4___ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.Raceafterrace,Icontinuedtofeelmylungsburningfromthe___5___.IguessedthatIwantedto___6___myselftoseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.Thenextyearwhenspringcamearound,Iwasthrilledtomakethefootballcheerleadingteam,when,incredibly,Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,___7___metojoinhisrunningteam.Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,___8___thefactthatIfollowedmyheart.WhenIcalledthecoachandtoldhimIwouldgiveitatry,Ineverrealizedthatonesimple___9___wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.Withinoneyear,Ibecameoneofthefastestfemalecross-countryrunners.Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.AndwhenIchosetobearunner,Ichosetobe_____10_____tomyself.1.A.coming B.missing C.turning D.changing2.A.but B.so C.or D.for3.A.throwing B.cheerleading C.football D.running4.A.recorded B.heard C.figured D.concluded5.A.effort B.diseases C.needs D.interest6.A.accept B.challenge C.express D.treat7.A.sending B.asking C.teaching D.reminding8.A.incaseof B.inspiteof C.ratherthan D.otherthan9.A.decision B.complaint C.evaluation D.expectation10.A.friendly B.tolerant C.true D.respectful第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheturtledoveistheUK’sfastest-decliningbirdspecies,accordingtoarecentstudy.Thedata,____11____(record)byalmost1,000volunteers,farmersandcountybirdclubs,showstherearenownearly2,100pairsleft,downfromsome125,000pairsin1970.LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope____12____(think)tobedrivingthedecline.Thereishope,however,asthegovernment____13____(work)withlandownerstoallowmorefoodsuppliesinthehabitatsnow.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InMay,theCOMAC919,China’sfirstdomesticallydesignedpassengerplane,____14____(successful)completeditsfirstflight,markingamilestoneinChina’sspacehistory.Sofar,Chinahassolved____15____(difficulty)inmorethan100keytechnologiesandappliedformorethan10,000patents.Inthepast,Chinamainlydepended____16____thetechnologiesfromothercountries,butitisapplyingitsowntoday,helpingtopromotethehigh-quality____17____(develop)ofthecountry’seconomy.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AnnaJonesisajournalist,____18____firstbook,Divide-TheRelationshipCrisisBetweenTownandCountry,waslonglistedforthe2022JamesCropperWainwrightPrize.____19____(grow)uponafarmandworkinginthecityhavegivenAnnaarareinsightintorurallife.Annastartedthenon-profitcommunicationsproject“JustFarmers”in2018.Shealsorunsamediaeducationprogramtohelpfarmersfindconfidencetoshare____20____theyhaveexperiencedwiththewiderworld.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIfyouwouldliketovolunteerabroad,you’vecometotherightplace.Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.MedicalandHealthcareProjectsIfyou’reamedicalstudenthopingtogainsomevaluableexperience,wehavesuitableplacementsforyou.Wehaveprojects,whichcanreallyusetheskillsofqualifiedvolunteers,suchasdoctors,nurses,dentistsandawholerangeofprofessions.Ifyouareunskilled,buthaveaninterestandwouldliketoassistinthisfieldthenyoucanalsohelpinmanyprojectareas.SportsCoachingProjectsOursportsvolunteerprojectsinvolvechildrenofdifferentagesandabilities,orsometimesadultsaswell.Therefore,anyonewithsportscoachingskillswillbeputtoverygooduse,tryingtobringontheAfricansportsstarsofthefuture.You’llbeabletohelporganizesportingactivities,teachnewsportstothechildren,coachthemintheirsportssessionsandevenplayfootballagainstthelocalteam-don’texpecttowin!WildlifeandConservationProjectsWildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.However,therearesomemajorpositives,generallybasedinsomeofthemostamazingnaturalareas.Theygetyoubehindthescenesofplacesthattouristswilloftenpaylargeamountsofmoneytovisitonholiday.Ifyouhaverelevantconservationexperienceorqualifications,oraspartofyourstudies,thenpleasegetintouch.21.InWildlifeandConservationProjects,youwill______.A.payfortheholidayvisitsB.organizecommunityactivitiesC.providemedicalservicesD.handlethehuman-wildlifeconflicts22.Whatbenefitscanyougetfromthethreeprojects?A.Professionaltrainings.B.Qualificationpromotion.C.Workexperience.D.Historicaladventures.23.Thepassageisintendedto______.A.describelifeinAfricaB.sharetravelingmemoriesC.introducevolunteeringprojectsD.explaintheimportanceofworkingabroadBMouthopeninwonderandhorror,LaurentPelletierstaresatthebushcricketthathaslandedinfrontofhimonthepicnictable.“Canweeatit?”heaskshismum.“CanItakeitasatravelcompanion?”Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.Overthemonths,theworldconstantlyunveiled(顯露)itself.Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.InThailand,theytouchedanelephant,callingoutinsurpriseathowroughitfelt.Rarelydidtheytalkaboutwhytheywereabroadinthefirstplace,withoneexception.WhiletravellingalongadustyMongolianhighwaylastsummer,Laurent,whohadseemedunawareofwhatwastocome,asked,“Whatdoesitmeantobeblind?HowwillIcrossthestreet?WillIbeabletodriveacar?”“It’slikewhenyouhaveyoureyesclosed,”hismothersaid.“Itwon’thappenovernight,butslowly,overyears.”Beingblind,shecontinued,didn’tmeantheendoftheworld.Rather,theworldwouldbedifferent.Nothingwouldpreventthemfromdoingmostthings,includingskiing,swimmingorevenbecomingscientistswhoworkedoncuresfortheirdisease.Laurentnodded,thenwentbacktomakinguphisowngamestopassthetime.Thefourkidswillbecomeblind,likelyinadulthood.Theyhaveadiseasecalledretinitispigmentosa(RP),agroupofrelatedeyedisordersthatcauseprogressiveeyesightloss.Byfar,ithasnoeffectivetreatment,anditwillgraduallytakeawaytheireyesight.However,theirparentsstillwanttheirkidstoleadfulllives,whetherthey’reblindornot.Thetriphasreinforced(增強)whattheybelievealltheseyears-thekidswillfindtheirway.Eachday,theirparentswatchthekidschange,physicallyandemotionally.Laurentgrowstallerandneedsmoreindependence.BothLéoandColinbecomemoreconfidentandoutgoing,unafraidtoengagewithstrangers.“Today,myeyesightisgoodandI’mgoingtomakethemostofit,”saysMia.“Tomorrow,wewillrisetothechallenge.”24.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthefamilyexperienceontheirtrip?A.Theydidthefarmwork.B.Theytookelephantrides.C.Theycompletedzootours.D.Theyenjoyedthefolkdance.25.WhatmadeLaurent’sparentsdecidetoquittheirjobs?A.Theirkids’health.B.Theirworkchallenges.C.Theirfamilydreams.D.Theirpassionfornature.26.Whatdidthetripmainlybringtothekids?A.Strongbodies.B.Socialskills.C.Positivemindset.D.Languageability.27.Whatcanwemainlyconcludefromthispassage?A.Travellingistoseekforaninterestinglife.B.Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.C.One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.D.Treasurewhatyouhaveandlivelifetothefullest.CTooMuchInformationComputerhackers,inordertogetmoresecretinformation,constantlyimproveatbreakingintocyberdefenses(網(wǎng)絡防御系統(tǒng))tostealvaluabledocuments.Sosomeresearchersproposeusinganartificial-intelligencealgorithm(算法)tohopelesslyconfusethem,oncetheybreakin,byhidingtherealdealinamountainofmisleadingdocumentsandinformation.Thealgorithm,calledWordEmbedding-basedFakeOnlineRepositoryGenerationEngine(WE-FORGE),createsdecoysofpatentsunderdevelopment.Ifhackerswereafter,say,therecipeforanewdrug,theywouldhavetofindtherelevantneedleinaseaoffalsedocuments.Thiscouldmeancheckingeachrecipeindetail-andperhapsinvestinginafewdead-endones.“Thenameofthegamehereis,‘Makeitharder,”explainsV.SSubrahmanian,itsdeveloper,DartmouthCollegeCyberSecurityresearcher.“Painthosestealingfromyou.”Subrahmaniansayshetackledthisprojectafterreadingthatcompaniesareunawareofnewkindsofcyberattacksforanaverageof312daysaftertheybegin.“Hackershavealmostayeartodecampwithallourdocuments,patentsandintellectualproperty,”hesays.“Theyhavestolenalmosteverything.It’snotjustthecrownjewels-it’sthecrownjewels,andthejewelsofthecleaninglady,andthewatchofthesecretary!”ThedocumentsproducedbyWE-FORGEcouldalsoactashiddentrapstoconfusehackers,saysRachelTobac,CEOofSocialProofSecurity.Thesedocumentsmightalertsecuritywhenaccessed.Companieshavetypicallyusedhuman-createdfalsecopiesforthisstrategy.Butnowthealgorithmisabletodothatforus.Thesystemproducesconvincingtrapsbysearchingthroughadocumentforkeywords.Foreachoneitfinds,itcalculatesalistofrelatedconceptsandreplacestheoriginaltermwithonechosenatrandom.Theprocesscanproducedozensofdocumentsthatcontainnopatentinformationbutstilllookcredible.Subrahmanianandhisteamaskedcomputerscienceandchemistrygraduatestoevaluaterealandfalsepatentsfromtheirrespectivefields.AndthehumansfoundtheWE-FORGE-createddocumentshighlybelievable.WE-FORGEmighteventuallyexpanditsboundary.BothSubrahmanianandTobacthinkthisresearchwillattractcommercialinterest.“Icoulddefinitelyseeanorganizationinvestinginthistypeofproduct,”Tobacsays.“Ifthiscreatesbelievabledecoyswithoutreleasingsensitivedetailswithinthosetraps,thenIthinkyou’vegotahugewiththere.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decoys”inParagraph2referto?A.Misleadingdocuments.B.Originalterms.C.Computeroperatingsystems.D.Cybersecurities.29.InParagraph3,whatSubrahmaniansaysindicates______.A.thegreedinessofhackersB.thewealthofthecompaniesC.theunreliabilityofthenetworkD.thevarietyofintellectualproperty30.WhatcanwelearnaboutWE-FORGE?A.Itwillsoundalarmuponbeingoperated.B.Itisprofitablefortheusersbyavoidingtheirloss.C.Ithasattractedinvestorsforitsapplicationinmanyfields.D.Itcancomposeirrelevantconceptsinthefalsedocuments.DThescientistsbehindanewdatabaseofmorethan400extremeweatherattribution(歸因)studieshaveperformedanessentialservice.Thispieceofwork,drawingtogethereverystudyofthistype,oughttocreateagreatersenseofurgencyaroundpolicymakingandcampaigning.Itshowsthatintenseheatwaves,hurricanes,andfloodshaveallbeenmadefarmorelikelybygreenhousegasemissions.Anditspellsoutthealarmingunpredictabilityaswellastheextentofglobalheating’sconsequences.Untiltheearly2000s,whenthefirstattributionstudieswerepublished,itwashardertolinkCO2intheatmospherewithglobalheating’ssensibleeffects.Thankstoagrowingbodyofresearch,nowweknow.Thelastsummer’srecord-breaking“heatdome”(熱穹頂)acrosstheglobewouldhavebeenalmostimpossiblewithouthuman-causedclimatechange.“Beautyistruth,truthbeauty,”wrotethepoetJohnKeatsjustover200yearsago.Whenitcomestoclimate,truthcanfeelclosertoterrorthesedays.Butscientistsarerighttoinsistthattherealitymustbefaced.Indeed,thisistheonlywaytoavoidthemostdisastrousoutcomes.Inanewbook,HothouseEarth,ProfBillMcGuirearguesthatwehavereachedastagewhenminimisingdangersshouldberegardedas“climateappeasement”.Likethehistoricalresponsibilityforcarbonemissions,attitudesandexperiencesinthepresentcrisisareunevenlyandunjustlysharedout.Billionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,andaboveallintheglobalsouth,arecaughtupday-to-dayinastruggleforsurvival.Thisdoesn’tmeantheydon’trecogniseglobalheating;subsistence(勉強維持生活)farmersandfishersaremoredirectlyexposedtoenvironmentaldamagethananyoneelse.Butwesterngovernments,businessesandpeoplewhoarerelativelyshelteredfromglobalheating’sworsteffectsshouldrecognisethisastheprivilegethatitis.Withthisyear’sClimateChangeConferencefastapproaching,westerngovernmentsmustfollowthroughontheirpromisesofclimatefinancetoenableagreentransitioninthedevelopingworld.Thepurposeofattributionscienceisnotsimplytowarntheworldaboutwhatishappening,buttoaidpreparationsforwhathasnothappenedyet.Themostalarmingglobaltrend,apartfromstill-risingemissionsthatmeanweareoncoursefor2.5°Cofheating,istheunexpectedspeedwithwhichitisalreadycausingchaos.Givenwhatwenowknowabouttheimpactof1°Cofwarming,itisnoexaggerationtosaythatthistrendisdisastrous.Butalternativesexist,andinsistingonthispointhasneverbeenmoreimportant.Thealarmingfindingsofattributionscientistscangiverisetodesperation-butmustnotbeallowedtoenddeterminationandhope.31.Theattributionstudiesimplythat____.A.policiesaddressingclimateissuesareineffectiveB.itishardtolinkCO2withtheeffectsofglobalheatingC.theextentofglobalheating’sconsequencesisunpredictableD.humansaretoblamefortheincreasedoccurrenceofdisasters32.HowdoesProfBillMcGuirefeelaboutthepresentclimatecrisis?A.Worried. B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic. D.Puzzled.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theglobalsouthisinurgentneedoffinancialsupport.B.Thespeedingupofglobalwarminghasspelledtrouble.C.Globalheatingaffectswesterncountriestoalargerextent.D.Theefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissionhasworked.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tourgethepublictofollowthescience.B.Topersuadethescientiststofurthertheirstudy.C.Toassessthecurrentpolicyontheclimatecrisis.D.Toconfirmthepublic’sconcernforglobalheating.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThePowerof”Like“Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-uporahearticonisaneasywaytostayintouch.____35____Clicking”like“onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.____36____Accordingtorecentstudies,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains,especiallyforteens.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmanylikes)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____37____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.Morelikely,itmayaffectbehavioralattitudes.____38____Inone2011study,inwhichteensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,suggeststhatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Lastyear,researchersrecruited(招募)32teenstocheckwhethertheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmedia.Theyfoundthatpopularphotosmightsignaltothemthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.____39____Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Alikeisasocialcue.Teensuseittolearnhowtonavigatetheirsocialworld.Clicking”like“isasimpleactthatcanhavecomplexresults.Alltechuserswillbethoughtfulaboutsocialmedia.A.Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.B.It’snosurprisethatfeedbackfrompeersaffectshowteensbehave.C.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.D.Theirbrainsrespondtothoselikesbyturningontherewardcenter.E.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose”likes“canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Theidiom“No‘I’inTeam”isbasedonapun(雙關(guān)語)-Theword“team”doesnotcontaintheletter“i”,whichhighlightstheideathatinsteadoffocusingonthemselvesasindividuals,teammembersshouldworktogethertoachievetheircommongoals.Whenitcomestoachievingsuccess,there’snodenyingthatteamworkplaysacrucialrole.We’veallbeenthere-groupprojectsatschool,workingwithcolleaguesattheofficeorplayingsportswithteammates.Asuccessfulteamagreesandsetsgoalsbasedonoutcomesandresultstocompleteitstasks.It’simportantthateachmemberknowsthedirectiontheteamisworkingtoward,theirresponsibilities,andhowtheyaimtoachievetheteam’scollectivegoals.It’sessentialthatgroupmemberswithintheteamshareworkloadsandhelpeachothertosucceed.Mostly,intypicalworkplaceculture,beingfocusonindividualpursuitsisconsideredplainselfish,butissupportingindividualsintheirownpursuitsreallyanti-team?Evidencesuggeststhatputtingthe“I”backintoteamcanimproveworkplaceproductivityandemployeeengagement.Inthe1990stheHarvardBusinessSchooldidresearch,demonstratingthebenefitsofgivingemployeespaidtimetofollowtheirownindividualpursuits.Sincethen,somenotablecompanieshaveintroducedunstructuredtimeintotheirworkplaces.Globally,85%ofemployeesaredisengagedintheirwork.InDanielPink’sbookDrive,hearguesthatthebestwaytomotivateemployeesisnotthroughthecarrotandstickapproachbutratherthroughallowingandenablingthemtodirecttheirownlives.Whenteamsunderstandwhatmatterstotheindividualswithinthem,theyareabletobetterempathizewitheachotherandhaveeachothers’backs.Thereisan“I”inteamandwhenwestarttoimplementprogramsthatsupportindividualsintheirpursuits,wemayjustfindtheyaremorecreative,moreengagedandmoreproductive.40.Whatideadoestheidiom“No‘I’inTeam”highlight?_______________________________________________________________41.Whyisitimportanttoput“I”backintoteam?_______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.AccordingtoDanilePink,theeffectivewaytomotivatethe85%employeesistosetthegoalthecompanywouldliketheiremployeestoachieve._______________________________________________________________43.Asanindividual,howcanyouplayyourroleinateam?_______________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設你是李華。你的英國筆友Chris第一次去中國同學家中做客。他給你發(fā)來郵件，詢問去中國家庭做客的社交禮儀。請你用英文給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.社交禮儀；2.提出建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearChris,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案筆試(共三部分100分)第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.A6.B7.B8.D9.A10.C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在足球隊落選后，選擇參加無需選拔的跑步隊，在挑戰(zhàn)自我的過程中不斷努力，最終成為了一名優(yōu)秀的越野賽跑選手的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：名單上沒有我的名字。A.coming來；B.missing錯過，思念；C.turning轉(zhuǎn)身；D.changing改變。根據(jù)“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，作者的名字沒有出現(xiàn)在足球啦啦隊名單上。這里missing為形容詞，在句中作表語，表示“缺席的；不在的”。故選B?！?題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然和他們一起吃午飯，仍然為他們講的笑話發(fā)笑，但我覺得自己好像不屬于這里。A.but但是；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.for因為。根據(jù)“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,”和“IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我父親建議我參加一項學校運動——跑步，因為任何人都可以報名參加，不需要經(jīng)過選拔。A.throwing投擲；B.cheerleading啦啦隊；C.football足球；D.running跑步。根據(jù)下文“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者參加了跑步隊。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是想我可能會參加直到我再次成為啦啦隊員。A.recorded記錄；B.heard聽說；C.figured認為，想；D.concluded推斷。根據(jù)“ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.”可知，此處表示作者當時的想法。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一場又一場的比賽，我仍然感到我的肺在努力燃燒。A.efforts努力；B.diseases疾??；C.needs需要；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者在跑步隊很努力。故選A。【6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我猜我想挑戰(zhàn)一下自己，看看我是否能提高我的跑步時間。A.accept接受；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.express表達；D.treat對待。根據(jù)“toseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.”可知，作者想挑戰(zhàn)自己。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二年春天來臨的時候，我興奮地加入了足球啦啦隊，但令人難以置信的是，我收到了一位新的越野教練的來信，邀請我加入他的跑步隊。A.sending發(fā)送；B.asking邀請；C.teaching教；D.reminding提醒。根據(jù)“Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,”可知，新的越野教練邀請作者加入跑步隊。故選B?！?題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我沒有理由選擇跑步而不是啦啦隊，除了我跟隨自己的心。A.incaseof萬一；B.inspiteof盡管；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除了。根據(jù)“Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,”可知，除了聽從自己的內(nèi)心，作者沒有選擇啦啦隊，而是選擇了跑步。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我打電話給教練，告訴他我要試一試時，我從未意識到一個簡單的決定會改變我的生活方向。A.decision決定；B.complaint抱怨；C.evaluation評價；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)“wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.”可知，一個簡單的決定改變了作者的生活方向。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我選擇成為一名跑步者時，我選擇做真實的自己。A.friendly友好的；B.tolerant寬容的；C.true真實的；D.respectful有禮貌的。根據(jù)“Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.”可知，作者選擇做一個真正的自己，而不是隨波逐流。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.recorded12.arethought13.isworking【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國衰退最快的鳥類物種斑鳩數(shù)量下降的原因，政府正在采取措施保護他們?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：由近1000名志愿者、農(nóng)民和縣鳥類俱樂部記錄的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，現(xiàn)在只剩下近2100對，低于1970年的12.5萬對。分析句子可知，空處應用非謂語形式在句中作定語，且動詞record與被修飾詞Thedata構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。故填recorded?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：南歐棲息地的喪失和槍擊事件被認為是造成這種下降的原因。句子陳述一般事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，空處動詞與主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，句子應用被動語態(tài)，主語LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope“南歐棲息地的喪失和槍擊事件”是兩個方面，故be動詞用are。故填arethought。【13題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：然而，還是有希望的，因為現(xiàn)在政府正在與土地所有者合作，允許更多的食物供應到棲息地。根據(jù)句中時間狀語now可知，句子應用現(xiàn)在進行時，主語thegovernment為單數(shù)名詞，be動詞用is。故填isworking。【答案】14.successfully15.difficulties16.on17.development【導語】本文一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了中國第一架國產(chǎn)客機中國商飛C919成功在5月完成首飛，標志著中國航天史上的一個里程碑。【14題詳解】考查副詞。句意：5月，中國第一架國產(chǎn)客機中國商飛C919成功完成首飛，標志著中國航天史上的一個里程碑。分析句子可知，空處修飾動詞completed，應用副詞successfully，在句中作狀語。故填successfully。【15題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：到目前為止，中國已經(jīng)解決了100多項關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的困難，申請了1萬多項專利。根據(jù)morethan100keytechnologies可知，此處difficulty指具體困難，應用復數(shù)形式。故填difficulties。【16題詳解】考查介詞。句意：過去，中國主要依賴其他國家的技術(shù)，但今天正在應用自己的技術(shù)，有助于推動國家經(jīng)濟的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。dependon“依靠，依賴”為固定短語。故填on?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：過去，中國主要依賴其他國家的技術(shù)，但今天正在應用自己的技術(shù)，有助于推動國家經(jīng)濟的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。分析句子可知，空處在句中作賓語，應用名詞development，不可數(shù)名詞。故填development?！敬鸢浮?8.whose19.Growing20.what【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了安娜·瓊斯的第一本書《城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系危機的劃分》入圍2022年詹姆斯·克羅珀·溫賴特獎。她從小在農(nóng)村長大，使得她對農(nóng)村生活有獨特見解，并創(chuàng)立一些項目來幫助農(nóng)民?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：安娜·瓊斯是一名記者，她的第一本書《城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系危機的劃分》入圍2022年詹姆斯·克羅珀·溫賴特獎。分析句子可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，且先行詞AnnaJones在從句中作定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。【19題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：在農(nóng)場長大和在城市工作讓安娜對農(nóng)村生活有了難得的了解。分析句子可知，空處應用動名詞形式在句中和working一起作并列主語，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Growing?！?0題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：她還開辦了一個媒體教育項目，幫助農(nóng)民找到信心，與更廣泛的世界分享他們的經(jīng)歷。分析句子可知，空處引導賓語從句，從句缺少賓語，且指代事情，應用連接代詞what作引導詞。故填what。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.C23.C【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了三個非洲的志愿者服務項目?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WildlifeandConservationProjects部分“WildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.(在非洲做野生動物保護志愿者有時是一項艱巨的工作，因為你必須處理人類與野生動物的沖突，并確保當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)從保護中受益)”可知，在野生動物和保護項目中，您將處理人類與野生動物之間的沖突。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(這里有各種各樣的志愿服務機會，包括非洲的醫(yī)療、體育和野生動物保護，這有助于獲得實際的國際工作經(jīng)驗，并學到課本上永遠不會學到的東西)”可知，你可以從這三個項目中獲得工作經(jīng)驗。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(這里有各種各樣的志愿服務機會，包括非洲的醫(yī)療、體育和野生動物保護，這有助于獲得實際的國際工作經(jīng)驗，并學到課本上永遠不會學到的東西)”可知，文章主要介紹了三個非洲的志愿者服務項目。故選C項?！敬鸢浮?4.D25.A26.C27.D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了勞倫特的父母帶著他們的四個成年后會失明的孩子去環(huán)游世界，體現(xiàn)出一種要珍惜現(xiàn)在所擁有的并盡情享受生活的人生態(tài)度?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.

(在博茨瓦納，孩子們與穿制服的學童一起玩拍蛋糕游戲，在坦桑尼亞，他們與當?shù)厝艘黄饑L試非洲傳統(tǒng)舞蹈，并住在香蕉農(nóng)場。)”可知，這家人很喜歡民間舞蹈。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.(2022年初，勞倫特的父母決定辭職。他們帶著他們的四個孩子，Mia、Léo、Colin和Lauren