高中英語 閱讀、七選五、完型、語法填空 （解析版）

高中英語閱讀、七選五、完型、語法填空（解析版）一、閱讀理解A體裁主題語境詞數(shù)難度說明文人與社會——文學、藝術與體育343★★★TheChristmasPig,J.K.Rowling'sfirstchildren'snovelsinceHarryPotterI,isafeel-goodbook,fullofsurprises,whichwilldelightadultsandchildrenalike,notonlyfortheoriginalstory,butalsofortheimaginativescenery,charactersandobjectsthatinteractwiththemaincharacters.IttellsthestoryofJackandthelovehefeelsforDurPig,astuffedtoypigwhohasbeenwithhimsincehewasatoddler.AfterlosinghimonChristmasEve,JackwillembarkonagreatadventuretosaveDurPigwiththehelpoftheChristmasPig,abrand-newreplacementforDurPig.J.K.Rowlingshowsagain,withthisbook,whysheisconsideredoneofthegreateststorytellersofhertime.Shedistinguishesherselfagaininworldbuilding,andyoungerandolderreaderswillbesurprised,chapterafterchapter,bytheoriginalideasthatsheintroducesinthisworldthatJackandhisfriendvisit.TheworldRowlingcreatesisnotcomplexbutitdoesnotunderestimatechildren:itisaworldwithclearlogisticsthattheprotagonists(主人翁)mustfollow,carefullycraftedtoservethestoryandnotitsreaders.ThoselongtimereadersofJ.K.Rowling'sworkswillfindfamiliarpassagesandthemesthattheymaywanttoconnecttotheHarryPotterbooks.Itishardtotellifthosereferencesarethereonpurpose,buttheremaybesomesatisfactioninthinkingthatRowlingmusthavenoticedandenjoyedthemprivatelywhileshewaswritingthem.Parentsaroundtheworldmayhaveadifficulttimeeverynight,onceachapterisfinishedandtheirchildrenmustgotosleep.TheChristmasPigwillkeepreadersturningpageswithagreatandimaginativestory,filledwithcliffhangersattheendofmostchaptersthatwillleavekidsaskingformore.IfsomereviewerssaidthatTheIckaboglackedHarryPotter'smagic,theycanrestassuredthatTheChristmasPighasallthemagicthatJ.K.Rowlingcanprovide,andthat'smorethanenough.1.WhyisJ.K.Rowlingratedasoneofthebeststorytellersofhertime?A.Hercapacityinbuildingcharacters.Herabilitytodesigncomplicatedplots.Hertendencytowritetochildren'staste.Hercreativityinworldbuilding.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cliffhangers”probablymeaninparagraph5?A.Imagination.B.Suspense. C.Magic. D.Challenge.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4andparagraph5?A.Sheintentionallyincludedreferencestoherpreviousworks.B.Parentshavedifficultyfallingasleepafterfinishingachapter.C.SomereviewersfoundTheIckabogfullofmagic.D.TheChristmasPigisagoodillustrationofJ.K.Rowling'smagic.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsJ.K.Rowling'sbook“TheChristmasPig”?A,Critical.B.Objective.C.Enthusiastic.D.Indifferent.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了J.K.羅琳的小說《圣誕豬》的故事大概內(nèi)容以及特點。1.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shedistinguishesherselfagaininworldbuilding,andyoungerandolderreaderswillbesurprised,chapterafterchapter,bytheoriginalideasthatsheintroducesinthisworldthatJackandhisfriendvisit.”可知，J.K.羅琳被認為是她那個時代最會講故事的人之一是因為她在構建世界方面的創(chuàng)造力，故選D.2.B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“TheChristmasPigwillkeepreadersturningpageswithagreatandimaginativestory,filledwith”以及后文“attheendofmostchaptersthatwillleavekidsaskingformore”可知，《圣誕豬》的故事讓讀者不斷翻頁，讓孩子們想要更多，說明在大多數(shù)章節(jié)的結尾都充滿了懸念，讓人想要繼續(xù)讀下去。故畫線詞的意思是“懸念”。故選B。3.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfsomereviewerssaidthatTheIckaboglackedHarryPotter'smagic,theycanrestassuredthatTheChristmasPighasallthemagicthatJ.K.Rowlingcanprovide,andthat'smorethanenough.”可推知，《圣誕豬》是J.K.羅琳充滿魔力的一個很好的例證。故選D。4.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheChristmasPig,J.K.Rowling'sfirstchildren'snovelsinceHarryPotterI,isafeel-goodbook,fullofsurprises,whichwilldelightadultsandchildrenalike,notonlyfortheoriginalstory,butalsofortheimaginativescenery,charactersandobjectsthatinteractwiththemaincharacters.”可推知，作者對J.K.羅琳的小說《圣誕豬》充滿熱情。故選C?！局R補充】1.imaginativeadj.想象的2.distinguishv.使出眾，使著名，使受人青睞3.underestimatev.低估4.interactwith與……互動5.embarkon從事，著手，開始(新的或艱難的事情)B體裁主題語境詞數(shù)難度說明文人與自然——自然生態(tài)324★★★Manypeoplefeelthatdreamisuniquetohumans.However,manydogownerswilllikelydisagreeonthat.Theyhavenoticedthattheirdogsatvarioustimesduringthesleepmayshakelegs,snort(哼)andsometimesgrowl(低聲吼叫)whichgivestheimpressionthattheyaredreaming.Thesethingsmaywonderusaboutwhetherdogsdream.Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream:Itturnsoutthatdogbrainsandhumanbrainshavemanysimilaritiesduringsleepcycles.Researchersusedspecialmachinestomeasureelectricalactivityinadog'sbrainandhuman'sbrain.Scientistsalreadyknewthatwhenhumansdream,acertainpartofthebrainisactiveduringsleep.Researchersdiscoveredthatthesamepartofthebrainisactiveinsleepingdogs.Scientistshaveotherdatathatbackupthesefindings.Manypeopledreamthattheyaretryingtomovebutcannot.Interestingly,partofthatexperienceisnotadream.Whenpeoplesleep,thebrainproducesachemicalthatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed(使麻痹).Researchersthinkthishappenssothatpeoplecannotphysicallyactoutdreamswhiletheyaresleeping.Dogbrainsmakethesamechemical.Inonestudyduringwhichthischemicalwasblocked,sleepingtestdogsperformedphysicalactivities,suchasstandingup,sniffingaroundtheroomforimaginaryrabbits,orchasingimaginaryballs.Becauseofthesesimilarities,researchersbelievethatthecontentofadog'sdreammightcomefromthesamesourceasahuman'sdream.“People'sdreamsareusuallybasedonthingstheydidthatday,”saysDrSamanthaHudspith,“Sothereisreasontobelievethatdogsdreamaboutthethingsthey'vedonethatday.Ofcourse,therewillneverbeawaytoprovethis.Dogscannotdescribetheirdreamsthewaythathumanscan.”5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“backup”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Disagree.B.Support.C.Record.D.Show.6.Whathappenedtoasleepingdogwhenthischemicalmentionedinparagraph3wascutoff?A.Itwokeup.B.Itstoppeddreaming.C.Itactedoutitsdream.D.Itcouldn'tmoveitsbody.7.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bytellingstories.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bycomparingdetails.D.Bylistingdifferences.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DoDogsDream?B.WhyDoDogsDream?C.SignsofDogDreamsD.SimilaritiesBetweenHumansandDogs【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。許多人覺得夢是人類獨有的。然而許多養(yǎng)狗人注意到狗在睡著時會搖晃腿、打鼾，有時會低聲吼叫，因此他們認為狗在做夢。科學家通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)狗可能會做夢，但也無法證明這一點，因為狗無法像人類那樣描述自己的夢。5.B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream.”可知，科學家證實狗可能會做夢。下文的研究結果是在解釋為什么狗有可能像人一樣做夢。由本段最后一句“Scientistshaveotherdatathatbackupthesefindings.”可知，科學家有其他數(shù)據(jù)支持這些研究結果。因此本段首尾兩句相扣，backup與confirm同義，意為“證明，證實”。故選B。6.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，在一項研究中阻斷這種化學物質(zhì)的產(chǎn)生，結果是參與睡眠測試的狗開始活動，例如站起來，在房間里嗅想象中的免子，或者追逐想象中的球，即當該種化學物質(zhì)被抑制后，睡著的狗開始將夢中的活動付諸于實施。故選C。7.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itturnsoutthatdogbrainsandhumanbrainshavemanysimilaritiesduringsleepcycles.”和第三段中的“Dogbrainsmakethesamechemical,”可知，狗的大腦和人的大腦在睡眠時進行的活動有許多相似之處，即產(chǎn)生同樣的化學物質(zhì)。因此本文主要是通過比較的方法來寫作的。故選C。8.A解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段描述人們注意到，狗在睡眠中的不同時間可能會搖晃腿、打鼾，有時會低聲吼叫，這給人一種它們在做夢的印象。這些事情可能會讓我們懷疑狗是否會做夢。根據(jù)下文“Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream.”可知，文章就狗是否會做夢展開論述。因此“狗是否能做夢?”是文章的最佳標題。故選A。【知識補充】1,similarityn.相似性2.temporarilyadv.暫時地，臨時地3.beuniqueto(sb/sth)(某人、地或事物)獨具的，特有的【長難句分析】Whenpeoplesleep,thebrainproducesachemicalthatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed.(第三段第三句)句意：肖人們睡著時，大腦會產(chǎn)生一種使做夢者暫時麻痹的化學物質(zhì)。分析：本句為復合句。when引導狀語從句；thatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed是關系代詞that引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞achemical。二、七選五體裁主題語境詞數(shù)難度說明文人與自我——生活與學習226★★★Doyouthinkyouneedtoshoutatyourselftoforceyourselftofinishyourhomework?Ifso,thinkagain.1Researchshowsthatpracticingself-compassion(自我關懷)improvesourmentalandphysicalwell-beingandsupportslong-termsuccess.Self-compassionisthepracticeofbeingkindandsupportivetoourselves.Theoppositeisbeingself-criticalandmeantoourselveswhenwemakeamistake.2Thesenegativeresponsesarerelatedtodepression,stressandreducedqualityoflife.A2017studyfoundpeoplewhopracticeself-compassiontendtohandlestressbetter.Theirbodieshavelessofastressresponsewhen,forexample,theymeetwithdifficultiesatworkorschool. 3Let'ssaytheydopoorlyonageometrytest.Self-compassionhelpsthemusetheexperiencetomakechangesgoforward,likeseekingoutamathtutor. 4Wecanstartwithmindfulness.Firstofall,practiceobservingourthoughts—aretheyunderstandingorcritical?Don'tjudgeourselvestooseverelythen.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowwecouldhavedonebetter,forgiveourselvesandthinkaboutwhattochangewhileremainingrespectful,andlovingtoourselves. 5Wecanreadanovel,playamusicalinstrumentorkickaroundasoccerballwithfriends.Withpractice,wecanlearntotreatourselveswithkindnessandunconditionallove—nottoughlove.A.Sohowdowedevelopself-compassion?B.Itmaybemoreeffectivetobekindtoyourself.C.Itincludeslettinggoofyourstrictself-criticism.D.Mindfulnessisthekeytopracticingself-compassion.E.Butthisapproachdoesnotmakeusfeelorperformbetter.F.Theyhavemoreconfidencetolookforareaswheretheycanimprove.G.Also,showourselveskindnessinwaysthatnourish(滋養(yǎng))ourspiritandbody.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了通過自我關懷的練習，我們可以學會用善意和無條件的愛來對待自己。1.B解析：前文提到可能通過對自己大吼大叫來促使自己完成作業(yè)的這一情況，后文提到研究表明對自己鼓勵和關懷有利于自身長期的成功，說明對自己好一點可能在促使自已完成一件事上更加有效果。B項提到善待自己更加有效果，該項符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選B。2.E解析：前文提到人在犯錯誤的時候很容易進行自我批評，且后文提到對自己的批評可能會導致抑郁、有壓力且可能會影響生活質(zhì)量。E項提到自我批評并不會讓自己感覺良好。該項符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選E。3.F解析：根據(jù)空處前后文可知，練習自我關懷的人能更好地應對壓力，而且能夠進行自我關懷的人會根據(jù)自己的情況做出適當?shù)目梢愿淖冏约旱男袨?。F項提到會自我關懷的人會尋求改進自己的機會和方法。該項符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選F。4.A解析：由該段內(nèi)容可以判斷，該段提到了進行自我關懷的練習方法。A項由問題引出后文中進行自我關懷的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故選A。5.G解析：前文提到要與自己和解，要尊重自己、愛自己，后文提到讀書運動和演奏音樂都是讓自己身心健康的好方法。G項提到了要善待自己，滋養(yǎng)自己。該項符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選G。三、完形填空體栽主題語境詞數(shù)難度記敘文人與自我———生活與學習245★★★Atschool,artclassisfun.We1withdifferenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative.However,afieldtriptoanartgalleryisoften2.Lastyear,myartteacherorganizedatriptoanartexhibition.Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn'twanttobewith3students.Weallgot4andcouldn'tstopchatting.Ourteacherwasgetting5andkepttellingustobequiet.Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe6ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.She7thatavisitshouldbebotheducationalandfun.That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens.Eventually,I 9tofindahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher.Ialsousedthe10tolearnaboutartists.Recently,IfoundacontemporaryartistcalledMartinBailey.I've11seenartistswhocombinedifferenttechniques,butBaileyistotallydifferent.Hedoesuniqueillustrationswith12householdobjectssuchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies.Hisartissimple,butitmakesyouseethings13.Forexample,henoticesthataflowerissimilartoamop(拖把)andputsthis14intolifebydrawingalittlemanwitharealflowermop.It'sreally15!IhopeI'llbeabletogotoanexhibitionofhisworkinthefuture.1.A.dealB.startC.struggleD.experiment2.A.disappointingB.challengingC.excitingD.interesting3.A.noisyB.carelessC.attentiveD.creative4.A.annoyedB.boredC.lostD.worried5.A.weakB.sensitiveC.stressedD.tired6.A.lackB.themeC.resultD.schedule7.A.announcedB.demandedC.suggestedD.agreed8.A.giftsB.pricesC.paintingsD.events9.A.happenedB.determinedC.managedD.expected10.A.activityB.InternetC.tripD.exhibition11.A.alreadyB.neverC.merelyD.obviously12.A.usefulB.fancyC.suitableD.ordinary13.A.clearlyB.directlyC.differentlyD.critically14.A.designB.idea C.plantD.tool15.A.abstractB.amusing C.strange D.practical【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者參加一次藝術展之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術課很有趣，并因此而感覺未來可期。1.D解析；根據(jù)后半句“differenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative”可知，這里是指對各種繪畫技巧進行試驗(experiment)。故選D。2.A解析：根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe6ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.”可知，大家向老師抱怨藝術展沒有青少年的活動，所以應該是令人失望的(disappointing)。故選A。3.A解析：根據(jù)下文“Ourteacherwasgetting5andkepttellingustobequict.”可知，學生們是吵鬧的(noisy)。故選A。4.B解析：根據(jù)前面一句“Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn'twanttobewith3students.”,結合設空處后面“couldn'tstopchatting”可知，因為學生在畫展上感到無聊(bored),所以才一直在聊天。故選B。5.C解析：根據(jù)上文可知，老師看到學生在畫廊聊天吵鬧，擔心影響其他人，所以老師感到有壓力(stressed),所以一直告訴孩子們不要吵鬧。故選C?！癟hat'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens”結合本題空格前面的“complainedtoourteacher”可知，“我”向老師抱怨此次活動缺少(lack)青少年活動。故選A。7.D解析：根據(jù)下文“That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens.”可知，老師同意(agree)參觀活動應該兼顧教育性和趣味性。故選D。8.D解析：句意：就在那時，我決定上網(wǎng)尋找為青少年舉辦特別活動的藝術畫廊。根據(jù)上文可知，此次活動缺少青少年活動(event)。故選D。9.C解析：根據(jù)下文“findahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher”可知，作者成功(manage)地找到了適合青少年活動的畫廊。故選C。10.B解析：根據(jù)前文“That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleries”可知，作者使用網(wǎng)絡(Internet)搜索相關信息。故選B。11.A解析：根據(jù)后半句“butBaileyistotallydifferent”可知，作者應該是已經(jīng)(already)了解了許多不同的藝術家，所以才看出Bailey是不同的。故選A。12.D解析：根據(jù)后半句“suchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies”可知，該藝術家是將普通的(ordinary)物品做成藝術品。故選D。13.C解析：根據(jù)前文“Hisartissimple,but”,結合Forexample后面的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，即他的作品雖然簡單，但他的作品可以讓你從不同(differently)角度看待它們。故選C。14.B解析：根據(jù)空格前“aflowerissimilartoamop”可知，這是對常見事物的一種看法(idea)。故選B。15.B解析：根據(jù)上文舉的例子可知，這個很有趣(amusing)。故選B。四、語法填空體裁主題語境詞數(shù)難度記敘文人與社會——文學、藝術與體育239★★★Itwasasuccessfulafternoonall-roundforFranceonSunday.Theteam1(book)itstickettothequarter-finalsofthe2022WorldCupwith23-1victoryoverPoland.Andmembersoftheteamhitanumberofhistoricmarks.France'sgoalkeeperHugoLlorismadehis142ndappearance,3(come)level(平齊的)withLilianThuramashiscountry'smost-cappedplayer.Upfront,OlivierGiroudbecameFrance's4(lead)men'sscorerwithhis52ndgoalforLesBleus,breakingThierryHenry'srecord.5,thestaroftheshowonSundaywasKylianMbappé, 6continuedhisrecord-settingpacewithaforcefuldouble.Atjust23yearsofage,Mbappéisoneofthemostexcitingtalentsinworldfootball,and7(consistent)deliversonthebiggeststageforFrance.Havinghelpedsecurethenation'ssecondWorldCupt