福建省福州市六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題【含答案解析】

福州市2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年段期中六校聯(lián)考英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。一、閱讀理解ANorthRimtoreopenonJune2withlimitedservicesavailableNewsReleaseDate:May17,2023Contact:Jo?lleBaird,928-606-3154GrandCanyon,ArizTheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.Alandslidefromwinterstormsdestroyedmorethan300feetoftheNorthRimwaterpipeline.VisitorServicesTheGrandCanyonLodgewilloperateday-useserviceswithlimitedfoodandbeverageservicebeginningonJune2.NoovernightaccommodationswillbeavailableuntilatleastJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimCampground,managedbytheNationalParkService,willoperateasscheduledbeginningonJune9withpotabledrinkingwaterandtoiletsavailable.ThepubliclaundryandshowerfacilitieswillnotbeopenatleastthroughJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.VisitorsexploringtheNorthRimthissummershouldbeself-sufficientandshouldbringadequatefoodandwaterforthedayasservicesarelimitedandmaybesubjecttochange.Nearby,accommodatingisavailableattheKaibabLodgeandfoodservicesandfuelattheNorthRimCountryStore.Year-roundaccommodating,foodservicesandfuelarelocated45milesnorthoftheNorthRimatJacobLake.Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.ThereisatrailclosureineffectontheNorthKaibabTrailanditwillofficiallyreopenonJune16,2023.1.Whichwasnotaffectedandopensasusual?A.Thepubliclaundry. B.TheGrandCanyonLodge.C.TheNorthKaibabTrail. D.TheNorthRimVisitorCenter.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNorthKaibabTrailfromthetext?A.Itoffersfoodservice. B.ItisaroundJacobLake.C.Itisunderrepairnow. D.Itopensalltheyeararound.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Towarnvisitorsoftheoncominglandslide.B.Toinformvisitorsofschedulesofsomeattractions.C.ToappealtomorevisitorstotheGrandCanyonNationalPark.D.ToadvertisetheproductsoftheGrandCanyonNationalPark.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.(北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會的書店照常營業(yè)，每天早上8點到下午6點，提供各種護林員項目)”可知，北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會里的書店照常開放，沒有調(diào)整。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.(由于冬季大量的巖崩和山體滑坡，北凱巴布步道的道路修復(fù)工作仍在繼續(xù))”可知，北凱巴布步道的修復(fù)工作仍在繼續(xù)。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)GrandCanyon,Ariz下“TheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.(大峽谷國家公園北緣將于6月2日如期開放，但由于北緣輸水管道斷裂，游客服務(wù)受到限制，并采取了節(jié)約用水的措施)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文寫作目的是為了告訴游客美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整。故選B。BIfyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodasheorshedoes.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkingconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory—wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Andthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust.Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV—wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstobite,whiletheTVpersonateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumethingsastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”HarleyStreetpsychologistDrLucyAtchisonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiations(談判)aremorelikelytobesuccessful.”4.Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho______________.A.hasthesametasteasthemB.advertiseshisproductsonTVC.reducesthepriceofhisproductsD.paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts5.TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat_____________.A.bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemB.foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople’strustC.peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirbosses’earnmoreD.peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV6Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofsimilarityattractiontheory?（）A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Allgoodthingscometoanend.C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.D.Wherethereisawil,thereisaway.【答案】4.A5.B6.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了在食物方面品味相近的人，更容易產(chǎn)生信任。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime（消費者更有可能購買電視廣告上的產(chǎn)品，廣告上的人當(dāng)時吃的食物與他們相似。）由此可知，根據(jù)這篇文章，顧客可能會從和他們有相同品味的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品，故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句中的toexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust（研究食物在贏得信任方面的作用）以及倒數(shù)第三段TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo（研究結(jié)果顯示，如果電視上播放的是另一個人也在吃奇巧巧克力，那么觀看者更有可能表示出購買該產(chǎn)品的興趣。）由此可知，芝加哥大學(xué)的研究人員進行的實驗表明，食物在贏得人們的信任方面扮演著重要的角色，故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。本文論述了在食物方面品味接近的人更容易產(chǎn)生信任，這與C項的“物以類聚”是一個道理，故選C?！军c睛】細節(jié)理解題的解題思路：細節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh-題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。抓住文段中的事實和細節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節(jié)，做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比，找出答案。例如小題1，根據(jù)第二段中的AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime（消費者更有可能購買電視廣告上的產(chǎn)品，廣告上的人當(dāng)時吃的食物與他們相似。）由此可知，根據(jù)這篇文章，顧客可能會從和他們有相同品味的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品，故選A。CIreceivedmyarchitecturaltraininginItaly,earningatraditionaldegreethatdidn’tinvolveworkingwithComputer-AidedDesign(CAD).However,myjourneywithcomputersbeganthroughmypassionformusic,usingsoundsamplingsystems,whichcatchthe“soundreality”ofaninstrument,andalsocomputer-assistedmusiccompositionsystems.LittledidIknowthatthisexplorationwouldgreatlyinfluencemyapproachtocomputerscienceandAIintheyearstocome.Self-taughtincomputerscienceduringmyarchitecturalstudies,Isoughtopportunitiestospecializefurther.Ultimately,myjourneyledmetoapioneeringlaboratoryinMarseille,France,knownforitsgroundbreakingworkincomputerscienceappliedtoarchitecture.Surroundedbyacommunityofinnovators,Iimprovedmyskillstoexplorethetransformativepoweroftechnologyinpreservingculturalheritage.In2019,theworldwatchedinhorrorasNotreDamedeParis(巴黎圣母院)wasconsumedinflames.Determinedtocontributetotherestorationefforts,Itooktheleadindevelopingadigitalecosystemfortherestorationoperation.WedevelopedgroundbreakingAItoolsgenerating3Drepresentationsfromphotographs.Bytrackingthepositionandshapeofvoussoirs(拱石),anddigitizingthemfromphotographs,wewereabletousethefinegeometricinformationofthevoussoirstoreconstructthearch,thusgivingvaluableinformationtothearchitectsaboutthestructure,theexactgeometry,andespeciallyaboutconstructivedetailsoftheoldestareasofthechurchfromthe13thcentury.Notably,AIplayedapivotalroleintheprocess.Astherestorationprojectprogresses,theAI-drivenpreservationcontinuestoadvance.ThisknowledgewilldefinitelyserveasrawmaterialtobeusedforAIsystems,forexample,forstudiesthatcanbeextendedtootherbuildings.Today,therestorationprojectisinanextremelyadvancedstate.Wehopetocompletetherestorationworkbeforethe2024ParisOlympics,sothatthisarchitecturalmasterpiececanregainitsformerglory.7.Whatledtheauthortocomputerscienceinitially?A.ComposingmusicwithCAD. B.Exploringcomputersformusic.C.Studyingforadegreeinarchitecture. D.Developingsoundsamplingsystems.8.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheapplicationofAIinrestoration. B.ThestructureofNotreDamedeParis.C.ThedestructionofNotreDamedeParis. D.ThedevelopmentofAIdigitalecosystem.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pivotal”inparagraph3mean?A.Secondary. B.Independent. C.Discouraging. D.Crucial.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheAI-drivenpreservation?A.Indifferent. B.Skeptical. C.Optimistic. D.Objective.【答案】7.B8.A9.D10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者在計算機科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的探索以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，說明了人工智能在修復(fù)文物中發(fā)揮的重要作用?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,myjourneywithcomputersbeganthroughmypassionformusic,usingsoundsamplingsystems,whichcatchthe“soundreality”ofaninstrument,andalsocomputer-assistedmusiccompositionsystems.(然而，我的電腦之旅始于我對音樂的熱愛，使用聲音采樣系統(tǒng)，捕捉樂器的“聲音現(xiàn)實”，以及計算機輔助的音樂創(chuàng)作系統(tǒng))”可知，最初是為音樂探索電腦引導(dǎo)作者進入計算機科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“In2019,theworldwatchedinhorrorasNotreDamedeParis(巴黎圣母院)wasconsumedinflames.Determinedtocontributetotherestorationefforts,Itooktheleadindevelopingadigitalecosystemfortherestorationoperation.WedevelopedgroundbreakingAItoolsgenerating3Drepresentationsfromphotographs.Bytrackingthepositionandshapeofvoussoirs(拱石),anddigitizingthemfromphotographs,wewereabletousethefinegeometricinformationofthevoussoirstoreconstructthearch,thusgivingvaluableinformationtothearchitectsaboutthestructure,theexactgeometry,andespeciallyaboutconstructivedetailsoftheoldestareasofthechurchfromthe13thcentury.Notably,AIplayedapivotalroleintheprocess.(2019年，全世界都驚恐地看到巴黎圣母院被大火吞噬。我決心為修復(fù)工作做出貢獻，并帶頭為修復(fù)工作開發(fā)了一個數(shù)字生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。我們開發(fā)了突破性的人工智能工具，從照片中生成3D表示。通過跟蹤拱石的位置和形狀，并將它們從照片中數(shù)字化，我們能夠拱石使用的精細幾何信息來重建拱門，從而為建筑師提供有關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)，精確幾何形狀，特別是13世紀以來教堂最古老區(qū)域的構(gòu)造細節(jié)的寶貴信息。值得注意的是，人工智能在這一過程中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是人工智能在修復(fù)中的應(yīng)用。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Astherestorationprojectprogresses,theAI-drivenpreservationcontinuestoadvance.(隨著修復(fù)工程的推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進)”可知，隨著修復(fù)工程的推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進，說明人工智能在這一過程中發(fā)揮了重要作用。故劃線詞意思是“重要的”。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Astherestorationprojectprogresses,theAI-drivenpreservationcontinuestoadvance.ThisknowledgewilldefinitelyserveasrawmaterialtobeusedforAIsystems,forexample,forstudiesthatcanbeextendedtootherbuildings.Today,therestorationprojectisinanextremelyadvancedstate.Wehopetocompletetherestorationworkbeforethe2024ParisOlympics,sothatthisarchitecturalmasterpiececanregainitsformerglory.(隨著修復(fù)工程推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進。這些知識肯定會作為人工智能系統(tǒng)的原材料，例如，用于可以擴展到其他建筑物的研究。今天，修復(fù)工程處于非常先進的狀態(tài)。我們希望在2024年巴黎奧運會之前完成修復(fù)工作，讓這座建筑杰作重現(xiàn)昔日的輝煌)”可知，作者對人工智能驅(qū)動保護持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。DTheconventionalwisdomaboutinsectshasbeenthattheyareunthinking,unfeelingcreatureswhosebehaviorisentirelyhardwired(天生的).Butinthe1990sresearchersbeganmakingsurprisingdiscoveriesaboutinsectminds.Somespeciesofwasps(黃蜂)recognizetheirnestmates’facesandacquireimpressivesocialskills.Forexample,theycaninferthefightingstrengthsofotherwaspsrelativetotheirownjustbywatchingotherwaspsfightamongthemselves.Giventhesubstantialworkonthecomplexityofinsectcognition(認知),itmightseemsurprisingthatittookscientistssolongtoaskwhether,iftheyarethatsmart,couldalsobesentient,capableoffeeling.Sincewehavenodirectwindowintotheinnerworldofananimalthatcannotverballycommunicateitsthoughtsandfeelings,thequestionofwhetherinsectsaresentientremainedacademic.15yearsago,Iperformedanexperimentinwhichweaskedwhetherbumblebeescouldlearnaboutthreatfromtheirnaturalenemies.Webuiltaplasticspidermodelwithamechanismthatwouldbrieflytrapabumblebeebetweentwospongesbeforereleasingit.Thebumblebeesshowedasignificantchangeintheirbehaviorafterbeingattackedbytheroboticspider.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theylearnedtoavoidflowerswithspidersandmeticulouslyscannedeveryflowerbeforelanding.Curiously,however,theysometimesevenfledfromimaginarythreats,scanningandthenabandoningaperfectlysafe,spider-freeflower.Althoughthisincidentalobservationdidnotconstituteformalevidenceofanemotionlikestate,itdidopenthedoortotheideathatsuchstatesmightexistininsects.Someresearchsuggestedthatinsectsmighthavepositivestatesofmind.Researchersdiscoveredthatbeesactivelyseekoutdrugssuchasnicotineandcaffeinewhengiventhechoiceandeventreatthemselveswithnicotinewhensick.Malefruitfliesstressedbybeingrobbedofmatingopportunitiespreferfoodcontainingalcohol,andbeesevenshowwithdrawalsymptomswhenremovedfromanalcohol-richdiet.Whywouldinsectsconsumemind-alteringsubstancesifthereisn'tamindtoalter?Butthesesuggestivehintsofnegativeandpositivemindstatesstillfellshortofwhatwasneededtodemonstratethatinsectsaresentient.11.Whatdoestheexampleofthewaspsindicate?A.Insectsshowsignsofintelligence.B.Insectscandocomplexcalculations.C.Insectscansocializeinaskillfulway.D.Insectsliveinhighlycomplexsocieties.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meticulously”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Hesitantly. B.Casually. C.Eagerly. D.Carefully.13.Whatwasunexpectedaboutthebumblebees’behaviorintheexperiment?A.Theyavoidedflowerswithspiders.B.Theysettledonflowersdespitethreats.C.Theymightabandonspider-freeflowers.D.Theymightgetscaredawaybyotherinsects.14.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A.Whatinsects'variousbehaviorcanreveal.B.Howinsectscommunicatetheirthoughts.C.Whatamazingpowersinsectspossess.D.Whetherinsectsarecapableoffeeling.【答案】11.A12.D13.C14.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇議論文，文章探討了昆蟲是否也有感受?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Somespeciesofwaspsrecognizetheirnestmates’facesandacquireimpressivesocialskills.Forexample,theycaninferthefightingstrengthsofotherwaspsrelativetotheirownjustbywatchingotherwaspsfightamongthemselves.(有些種類的黃蜂能認出巢中同伴的臉，并獲得令人印象深刻的社交技巧。例如，它們可以通過觀察其他黃蜂之間的戰(zhàn)斗來推斷出其他黃蜂相對于自己的戰(zhàn)斗力)”可知，作者用黃蜂舉例是為了證明昆蟲有判斷力，有智力的跡象。故選A項。

2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thebumblebeesshowedasignificantchangeintheirbehaviorafterbeingattackedbytheroboticspider.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theylearnedtoavoidflowerswithspiders(在被機器蜘蛛攻擊后，大黃蜂的行為發(fā)生了重大變化。不出所料，它們學(xué)會了避開有蜘蛛的花朵)”及“scannedeveryflowerbeforelanding(著陸前掃描了每一朵花)”可知，在遭到蜘蛛機器人的攻擊之后，大黃蜂們學(xué)會了避開滿是蜘蛛的花朵，并且在停歇之前會仔細地查看每一朵花。meticulously與carefully同義，為“仔細地、小心地”。故選D項。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Curiously,however,theysometimesevenfledfromimaginarythreats,scanningandthenabandoningaperfectlysafe,spider-freeflower.(然而，奇怪的是，它們有時甚至?xí)与x想象中的威脅，掃描并放棄一朵完全安全、沒有蜘蛛的花)”可知，奇怪的是，大黃蜂們可能會放棄沒有蜘蛛的花朵。故選C項。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Giventhesubstantialworkonthecomplexityofinsectcognition,itmightseemsurprisingthatittookscientistssolongtoaskwhether,iftheyarethatsmart,couldalsobesentient,capableoffeeling.(考慮到對昆蟲認知復(fù)雜性的大量研究，科學(xué)家們花了這么長時間才提出這樣的問題，如果它們真的那么聰明，它們是否也有知覺，能夠感知，這似乎令人驚訝)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章探討了昆蟲是否也有感受這個問題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項MaythefirstisanimportantdateinthecollegeadmissionprocessintheUnitedStates．Thisisthelastdayforhighschoolseniorstoacceptorrejectoffersofadmissioninthefall．Butaccordingtoarecentreport,thereisagreatchange．Acceptanceratesatthetopcollegesthisyearwerelowerthanever．____15____

.Thesedays,collegeapplicantsareapplyingtomorecollegesbecauseonlineandcommonapplicationsmaketheprocesseasier．____16____.Ontheotherhand,decidingstudentsfortopcollegestoacceptcanbedifficultbecauseittakesmuchtime．Studentsmaynotlikebeingputonwaitinglists．Also,commoncollegesworkmoretogetthestudentstheyaccepttoacceptthem．Somecollegesholdvisitingdaysthatofferachancetoattendclassesandstayovernight．Someuniversitiessendgifts．_______17_______.Formanyfamilies,themostimportantthingcollegescandoisshowthemthemoney,especiallythisyear;theweakeconomymakesparentsnervous．_____18_____.

Therecentproblemsthatspreadfromthehousingmarkettocreditmarketshaveevenaffectedstudent’sloans．Solately,topschoolshavetosparelotsofmoneytoincreasetheirfinancialaidforstudents．_____19_____.TheEducationDepartmentexpectsthenumberofhighschoolgraduatestostarttogodown．Thiswillhappenasthelastofthechildrenofthebabyboomgenerationfinisheshighschool．Thenumberisnotexpectedtostartrisingagainuntil2019．A.Whatcontributestoit?B.Besides,topcollegesarefacingchangesinthepopulation．C.Butamistakecanbecostlyifithappens．D.Itcanmeanseveralacceptancestochoosefrom．E.TheyhaveinternationalstudentswhoknowEnglish．F.Buttopcollegesignorethem．G.Theycannotaffordcollegeasplanned．【答案】15.A16.D17.F18.G19.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，今年美國頂尖大學(xué)的錄取率比以往跟低。究竟是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@一現(xiàn)象。文章對大學(xué)錄取率下降的情況做了詳細說明?！?5題詳解】橫線前一句告訴我們今年美國頂尖大學(xué)的錄取率比以往低。究竟是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@一現(xiàn)象。橫線句應(yīng)該是一個承上啟下的句子，A項“Whatcontributestoit?”符合上下文語境，所以選擇A項。【16題詳解】橫線前一句告訴我們因為網(wǎng)絡(luò)申請和正常申請讓申請大學(xué)變得更加容易，所以現(xiàn)在申請者可以申請更多的大學(xué)，那么他們就可以有多個大學(xué)的錄取可以選擇了。上下文是因果關(guān)系，D項“Itcanmeanseveralacceptancestochoosefrom.”符合上下文語境，所以選擇D項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)“Also,commoncollegesworkmoretogetthestudentstheyaccepttoacceptthem．”可知普通的大學(xué)為了錄取學(xué)生做了更多的事情，舉辦開放日、送禮物等。而頂尖大學(xué)不會這樣做，F(xiàn)項“Buttopcollegesignorethem．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇F項?！?8題詳解】橫線前一句“…theweakeconomymakesparentsnervous．”告訴我們今年糟糕的經(jīng)濟形勢讓父母親非常緊張，擔(dān)心無法承擔(dān)孩子的學(xué)費。G項“Theycannotaffordcollegeasplanned．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇G項?！?9題詳解】橫線后句“TheEducationDepartmentexpectsthenumberofhighschoolgraduatestostarttogodown．”告訴我們教育部預(yù)測高中畢業(yè)生的人數(shù)要開始下降，那么大學(xué)也會遇見人數(shù)減少的問題。B項“Besides,topcollegesarefacingchangesinthepopulation．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇B項?！军c睛】本文小題2考查了七選五閱讀中利用因果關(guān)系解題的方法，因為網(wǎng)絡(luò)申請和正常申請讓申請大學(xué)變得更加容易，所以現(xiàn)在申請者可以申請更多的大學(xué)，那么他們就可以有多個大學(xué)的錄取可以選擇了。上下文之間是前因后果的因果關(guān)系，選擇了D項。在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來進一步確認答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有Asaresult結(jié)果------，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此------以至于等。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項二、完形填空WhenIwas12,Iwentona720-milecyclingtripwithmybrotherandfather.Beforethetrip,we___20___forthejourneybyhavingsmallerrides.Wewereall___21___cyclists.Whensettingout,I___22___foranadventureandwantedtoseebeautifulsights.ButwhatIhadn’texpectedwasthattroublewas___23___thecorner.Onenight,weweregettingtoacampsiteandcyclingdownalargehillwith___24___totakearestfrom___25___upamountainwithachinglegs.Suddenly,mybrother’sfronttyreslippedandhe___26___intothemiddleoftheroad.MyfatherandIstopped,askingifhewasokay.Obviously,hewasnothurttoomuch,buthislegwas___27___thebikeframe.Fromthetopofthehill,wesawalightcoming.Realizingacarwasspeeding,myfatherandIwerein___28___.Instinctively,Irushedoutinfrontofmybrotherinthemiddleoftheroad,and___29___myhandswildly.Thecarrushedforward,butabruptlyturned___30___,bypassingmybrotherandme.Mybrotherwassavedfrombeingrunoverbythecar.MyfathersaidIwas___31___bravethen,butforsomereason,Ididn’tthinkIwas___32___mylifebecauseitseemedliketheonlythingtodo.AndIbelievethatintimesofdangerweshoulddowhatweknowisrightratherthanconsider___33___carefully.IfIhadthoughtaboutwhatIwasdoingthatnight,mybrothermighthavebeen___34___fromthisworld.20.A.accounted B.prepared C.searched D.answered21.A.enthusiastic B.courageous C.professional D.committed22.A.paid B.cared C.looked D.longed23.A.in B.around C.on D.beyond24.A.eagerness B.anxiety C.surprise D.relief25.A.hiking B.climbing C.wandering D.cycling26.A.sank B.slid C.rolled D.raced27.A.attachedto B.buriedin C.loadedwith D.stuckin28.A.danger B.trouble C.shock D.vain29.A.clapped B.waved C.raised D.rubbed30.A.around B.back C.ahead D.aside31.A.potentially B.slightly C.incredibly D.generously32.A.risking B.losing C.saving D.changing33.A.suggestions B.preferences C.prospects D.dilemmas34.A.removed B.released C.robbed D.freed【答案】20.B21.A22.D23.B24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和哥哥去騎行時，哥哥因為前輪打滑了，滑到了路中間，腿被卡住了，而這時一輛超速行駛的汽車過來了，作者勇敢地沖到路上揮手攔車，最后救下了哥哥。【20題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在旅行之前，我們通過短途騎行為旅行做準備。A.accounted認為；B.prepared準備；C.searched搜索；D.answered回答。根據(jù)后文“forthejourneybyhavingsmallerrides”可知，此處指他們通過騎短途來為長途做準備。故選B。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都熱衷于騎自行車。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.courageous勇敢的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.committed承諾。根據(jù)上文“WhenIwas12,Iwentona720-milecyclingtripwithmybrotherandfather.(當(dāng)我12歲的時候，我和我的哥哥和父親進行了一次720英里的自行車旅行)”可知，他們都熱衷于騎自行車。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：出發(fā)時，我渴望一次冒險，想看看美麗的風(fēng)景。A.paid支付；B.cared關(guān)心；C.looked看；D.longed渴望。根據(jù)后文“foranadventureandwantedtoseebeautifulsights”可知，作者渴望一次冒險，想看看美麗的風(fēng)景。longfor表示“渴望”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但我沒想到的是，麻煩就要來了。A.in在里面；B.around圍繞；C.on在上面；D.beyond超越。根據(jù)后文“thecorner.”以及哥哥出意外可知，麻煩就要來了，短語為aroundthecorner表示“即將發(fā)生”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，我們?nèi)チ艘粋€露營地，騎著自行車從一座大山上下來，因為腿疼，我們急于休息一下。A.eagerness渴望；B.anxiety焦慮；C.surprise驚訝；D.relief安慰。根據(jù)后文“upamountainwithachinglegs”可知，此處指因為腿疼，渴望休息一下。故選A。25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，我們?nèi)チ艘粋€露營地，騎著自行車從一座大山上下來，因腿疼，我們急于休息一下。A.hiking遠足；B.climbing攀巖；C.wandering閑逛；D.cycling騎車。根據(jù)后文“upamountainwithachinglegs”可知，他們因為爬山而腿疼。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我哥哥的前輪打滑了，他滑到了路中間。A.sank下沉；B.slid滑落；C.rolled滾動；D.raced比賽。根據(jù)上文“mybrother’sfronttyreslippedandhe”可知，哥哥前輪打滑了，他滑到了路中間。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：顯然，他傷得不重，但他的腿卡在了自行車車架里。A.attachedto附屬于；B.buriedin埋頭于；C.loadedwith裝載；D.stuckin陷入。根據(jù)后文“thebikeframe”可知，哥哥的腿卡在了自行車車架里。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意識到一輛車超速行駛，父親和我都驚呆了。A.danger危險；B.trouble麻煩；C.shock震驚；D.vain徒勞。根據(jù)后文“Irushedoutinfrontofmybrotherinthemiddleoftheroad”可知，車輛超速駛來，父親和作者都驚呆了。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我本能地沖到路中間我哥哥的面前，瘋狂地揮動著雙手。A.clapped輕拍；B.waved揮動；C.raised籌集；D.rubbed擦。根據(jù)后文“myhandswildly”可知，此處指揮動雙手讓車停下。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：汽車向前沖去，但突然避開，繞過了我和哥哥。A.around圍繞；B.back回來；C.ahead前面；D.aside一邊。根據(jù)后文“bypassingmybrotherandme”可知，車輛繞過了它們，turnaside表示“避開”。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親說我當(dāng)時非常勇敢，但出于某種原因，我不認為我是在拿自己的生命冒險，因為這似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A.potentially潛在地；B.slightly稍微地；C.incredibly難以置信地；D.generously慷慨地。根據(jù)后文“bravethen”可知，作者沖到路上攔車非常勇敢。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親說我當(dāng)時非常勇敢，但出于某種原因，我不認為我是在拿自己的生命冒險，因為這似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A.risking冒險；B.losing失去；C.saving拯救；D.changing改變。根據(jù)上文“mylife”可知，沖到路上攔車是冒生命危險。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信，在危險時刻，我們應(yīng)該做我們認為是正確的事，而不是仔細考慮困境。A.suggestions建議；B.preferences偏愛；C.prospects前景；D.dilemmas困境。根據(jù)上文“Ibelievethatintimesofdanger”可知，此處指在困境中，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我當(dāng)時想過那天晚上我在做什么，我的兄弟可能已經(jīng)從這個世界上被奪走了。A.removed去除；B.released釋放；C.robbed奪走；D.freed釋放。根據(jù)上文“IfIhadthoughtaboutwhatIwasdoingthatnight,mybrothermighthavebeen”可知，如果作者多加考慮，哥哥可能已經(jīng)從這個世界上被奪走了。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheformationanddevelopmentofChina’sMaritimeSilkRoad,withahistoryofseveralthousandyears,woveatapestry(織錦，掛毯)ofmaritime____35____(effort)—frommodestbeginningsinthePre-Qineratothevibrantlarge-scalemaritimetradethatflourishedpost-QinandHandynasties,frommaritimemigrationfor____36____(survive)toeconomictrade,China’smaritimeSilkRoadhasexperienced____37____unusualcourse.DuringtheQinandHanDynasties,socialstabilityanddevelopmentbecamethe____38____(important)issuesforthestatewhichhadjustbeenunifiedintoa____39____(centralize)state.Duringthisperiod,socialproductiveforcesmadegreatprogress,____40____whichshipbuildingtechnologyandnavigationtechnologyweredevelopedbyleapsandboundscomparedwithbefore.Itwasduringthisperiod____41____allthenavigationroutesalongtheChinesecoastwereunimpeded(暢通的).Uponthissolidfoundation,thenameofChina____42____(carve)inhistorythroughestablishingtheworld’sfirstoceanicroute—theMaritimeSilkRoad,sailingfromthecalmwatersoftheSouthChinaSeatothevastexpanseoftheIndianOcean.____43____(apparent),thisroutenotonlyfacilitatedtheexchangeofgoodsbutalsofosteredculturalandintellectualdialoguebetweencivilizations,_____44_____(leave)aneverlastingmarkonhumanhistory.【答案】35.efforts36.survival37.an38.mostimportant39centralized40.among41.that42.wascarved43.Apparently44.leaving【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了中國海上絲綢之路的形成、發(fā)展以及重要作用。【35題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。此處effort前文沒有冠詞，表示數(shù)量大于一應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填efforts?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。作介詞的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞survival，故填survival?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。course為泛指，且unusual是發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an?！?8題詳解】考查最高級。句意：秦漢時期，社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展成為剛剛統(tǒng)一為中央集權(quán)國家的國家最重要的問題。根據(jù)上文定冠詞以及句意可知為最高級，在important前加themost。故填mostimportant。【39題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：秦漢時期，社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展成為剛剛統(tǒng)一為中央集權(quán)國家的國家最重要的問題。修飾名詞state應(yīng)用形容詞centralized，作定語。故填centralized。【40題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在這一時期，社會生產(chǎn)力有了很大的進步，其中造船技術(shù)和航海技術(shù)比以前有了跳躍式的發(fā)展。此處為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語從句，且表示“在三者或三者以上……其中”應(yīng)用among，故填among?！?1題詳解】考查強調(diào)句。句意：正是在這一時期，中國沿海的所有航線暢