完形填空做題五大方法課件高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

完形填空做題五大技巧Areyoustillstrugglingtoreadclozetests?Areyoustillworriedaboutnotbeingabletodotheclozetests?Fearnomore!Followme.FANTION指導(dǎo)：xxxCONTENTS01.

完形填空基本信息02.

五大常用方法03.

完型填空上手練04.

課程總結(jié)01BasicInformation完形填空全面考查學(xué)生的語言知識、閱讀理解能力和總體語言水平。解題過程是對語篇中的缺失信息進(jìn)行猜測、推斷、驗(yàn)證的過程，通常我們可以借助語篇的上下文線索以及文化背景知識等進(jìn)行解題。完形填空總體要求1.題材常為說明文或夾敘夫議的文章2.內(nèi)容完整,邏輯性強(qiáng),語言結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)3.考察近義詞語細(xì)微差別的辨析4.考察重點(diǎn)多為實(shí)詞:名/代/動詞/形容/副詞等.5.關(guān)注語境背景知識,側(cè)重上下關(guān)聯(lián),暗示判斷能力.6.側(cè)重于篇章,體現(xiàn)語用判斷和內(nèi)在邏輯完型填空特點(diǎn)文章單詞、選項(xiàng)單詞太多不認(rèn)識認(rèn)識單詞，翻譯代入，常常選錯句子里語法讀不懂句子翻譯與文章本意大相徑庭完型填空常見誤區(qū)總的原則:先完意，后完形八字方針:上下求索，瞻前顧后三步曲:讀--填--讀遇到這些難題，我們應(yīng)該怎么做？解題方法02FiveCommonTechniques上下文語境context完形填空中的每一道題的答案，在文中必有依據(jù)。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根據(jù)空格前后所提供的信息，結(jié)合常識進(jìn)行適度的推理，作出符合邏輯的判斷，從而選出正確的答案。例題：ItjusthappenedthatIwasplanninganotherPNP

flight

withanother

pilot,Karen,whoofferedtotaketheirdog,

Tiffy,fromKansasCitytoVirginia…

The

flight

wasuneventful,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she

54

withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.54.A.returned

B.fought

C.flew

D.agreed詞語辨析與固定搭配worddistinctionsorcollocations依靠考生的詞匯積累，從單詞詞性、含義、習(xí)慣搭配等語法方面進(jìn)行詞匯辨析，確定正確答案。固定搭配又分詞匯、短語、句型固定搭配,比如：viceverse；beashamedof;Itwasn’tlongbefore…不久就……Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever___12___baths.

A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配takeabath，意為“洗澡”。語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)informationgiveninthepassage語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.47.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor.邏輯推理logicalinference考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法、邏輯關(guān)系（因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、平行結(jié)構(gòu)等）和文章的感情色彩分析結(jié)合起來運(yùn)用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme___5___throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.

A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain

【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關(guān)鍵詞是carefully，既然是“認(rèn)真地看”，就不會是inaminute(立刻、馬上);既然互不相識，作者也未曾去找過工作，不會是asusual(像往常一樣);前面沒說已經(jīng)打量過作者一次了，所以用onceagain(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.文化背景和常識culturalbackgroundandcommonsense語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。例:After___2___theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.

A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying【解析】根據(jù)常識，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費(fèi)好大的勁將旗插進(jìn)極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為plant。03Areyouready?Let`spractice

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1342小試牛刀OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave___41___thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her___42___camebecauseshewascarryinga___43___acrossthefinishline.41.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished42.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse43.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor

1342小試牛刀Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher___44___whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She___45___tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith___46___.Shecouldn't.Baileythen___47___toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget___48___attention.44.A.raceB.schoolC.townD.training45.A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised46.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice47.A.wentawayB.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown48.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equalGoaway離開

Standup站起來Stepaside讓位

1342小試牛刀Oncethere,Lenouewas___49___andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme___50___tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.49.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated50.A.hungerB.painC.coldD.tiredness

1342小試牛刀AsforBailey,sheismore___51___aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig___52___“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't___53___her.”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”51.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged52.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal53.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand

Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe___54___,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe______ofhumankindnesswontheday.54.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show55.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange15%40%20%25%01五大常用方法1.上下文語境02做題技巧首句不設(shè)空八字方針:上下求索，瞻前顧后（找線索）三步曲:讀--填--讀名稱縮寫法詞性判斷法排除法03提分法寶1.背單詞2.做題并反思2.詞語辨析與固定搭配3.語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)：同義替換，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)5.文化背景和常識4.邏輯推理文章總結(jié)display1342文章總結(jié)與反思OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhavefinishedthecourseearlierthanshedid.Herdelaycamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.Shestoppedtohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwithaid.Shecouldn't.BaileythenbentdowntoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.Wouldhavedone本會做

Musthavedone對過去動作的肯定推測Mighthavedone對過去動作的可能性推測display1342文章總結(jié)與反思OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhavefinishedthecourseearlierthanshedid.Herdelaycamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.Shestoppedtohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwithaid.Shecouldn't.BaileythenbentdowntoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.Benddown彎下腰

1342文章總結(jié)與反思Oncethere,Lenouewasassessedandlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.ShewouldhavestruggledwithextremepaintomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismoreconfusedaboutwhyheractisconsideredabigdeal“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn'tleaveher.”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethemeet,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthedisplayofhumankindnesswontheday.文章總結(jié)與反思hundredsof數(shù)以百計的across-countryrace越野賽跑shouldhavedone過去本應(yīng)做卻沒有做thefinishline終點(diǎn)線infrontof/inthefrontof在….前面stopptodo/stopdoing停下來做/停止做fellow同伴takeone`sarm挽住胳膊walkforward向前走benddown彎下腰c(diǎn)limbontoone`sback爬上背getmedicalattention接受醫(yī)療

wouldhavedone本會做aidcheckpoint援助點(diǎn)beconfusedabout對…感到困惑abigdeal一件大事Goaway離開

Standup站起來Stepaside讓位Be

in

pain處于痛苦之中文章總結(jié)與反思hundredsof數(shù)以百計的across-countryrace越野賽跑shouldhavedone過去本應(yīng)做卻沒有做thefinishline終點(diǎn)線infrontof/inthefrontof在….前面stopptodo/stopdoing停下來做/停止做fellow同伴takeone`sarm挽住胳膊walkforward向前走benddown彎下腰Wouldhavedone本會做

Musthavedone對過去動作的肯定推測Mighthavedone對過去動作的可能性推測課后練習(xí)Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46---hedidn'tendupinthecreek.Mythree-yearold,however,did.41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed課后練習(xí)Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetrieda