動(dòng)詞的原形-過(guò)去式-過(guò)去分詞及用法

動(dòng)詞的原形及用法動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則與發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同。1.大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”stop－stops[s];make－makes[s]

read－reads[z];play－plays[z]2.以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的，要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“es”讀[iz]fly－flies[z]；carry－carries[z]

study－studies[z];worry－worries3.以“s,x,ch,sh”結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加“es”，發(fā)音為[iz]teach－teaches[iz];watch－watches[iz]4.以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加“es”，讀[z]go－goes[z]do－does[z]1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。Theskyisblue.Iamastudent.2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Igetupatsixeveryday.3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞原形涉及到一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

Heisaworker.WestudyEnglish.Hegetsupat6:00everymorning.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"第三人稱he,she,it單個(gè)人名、地名JohnBeijing不定代詞someone,everything不可數(shù)名詞water,milk單數(shù)名詞Heisaworker.變?yōu)橐蓡?wèn)句Isheaworker?WestudyEnglish.變?yōu)橐蓡?wèn)句,否定句DoyoustudyEnglish?Wedon’tstudyEnglish.Hegetsupat6:00everymorning.變?yōu)橐蓡?wèn)句,否定句Doeshegetupat6:00everymorning?Hedoesnotgetupat6:00everymorning一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Thescientistinventsthismachine.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句Thismachineisinventedbythescientist.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞2.Wefinishtheworkduringtwodays.Theworkisfinishedduringtwodaysbyus.動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞及用法動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化可分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化如下（1）一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed，如:work—worked；play—played；want—wanted；act—acted（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加d，如:live—lived；hope—hopeddecide—decided；（3）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕再加ed，如:study—studiedtry—triedcopy—copiedcarry—carried（4）“雙輔夾元”結(jié)構(gòu)，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加ed，如:stop—stoppedbeg—beggeddrop—droppedplan—planned不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式須記憶過(guò)去式的用法表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。一般過(guò)去式通常和表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的詞,詞組,從句連用。如yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago等Iworkedinthatfactorylastyear.去年我在那一家工廠工作。IwenttotheLianHuaMountainyesterday.昨天我們?nèi)チ松徎ㄉ健Ｉ婕暗揭话氵^(guò)去式否定句:Hedidnotplayfootballlastweek.一般疑問(wèn)句:Didheplayfootballlastweek?肯定回答:否定回答:Heplayedfootballlastweek.主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形Yes,hedid.No,hedidn't.否定句:Hewasnotillyesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句:Washeillyesterday?肯定回答:否定回答:Hewasillyesterday.主語(yǔ)+was/were+not直接把was/were提到句首Yes,hewas.No,hewasn't.一般過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)形式涉及到動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞規(guī)格變化和不規(guī)則變化1.ThescientistinventedthismachineThismachinewasinventedbythescientist.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句2.Wesenthimtothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句Hewassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/were+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞又涉及到現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Wehavecleanedourclassroom.Ourclassroomhasbeencleanedbyus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):have/has+V-ed變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句has/havebeenV-ed過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+V-edWehadlearned2000Englishwordsbytheendoflastyear.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句2000Englishwordshadbeenlearned(byus)bytheendoflastyear.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):hadbeen+V-ed可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則:.規(guī)則變化:1.一般情況下，在詞尾加-s，如book---booksboy---boys2.以-s，-x，-ch，-sh結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es，如bus---buseswatch---watches3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-es，如city---citiesfamily---families4.以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的分兩類，一類直接加-s，另一類大多數(shù)情況下，將-f或-fe改為v，再加-es，如，roof---roofsbelief---beliefsleaf---leaveslife---livesk