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專題03函數(shù)的最值(值域)求法考點(diǎn)一單調(diào)性法一、單選題1.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為(

)A.9 B.8 C.3 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.2.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)橹笖?shù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,于是SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.3.若存在負(fù)實(shí)數(shù)使得方程SKIPIF1<0成立,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題意可得:SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上均為增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.4.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】作出SKIPIF1<0的圖象,如圖所示:

由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.5.若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的不等式SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的定義可知,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0求交集,得到SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,由于當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故此時(shí)無(wú)解,綜上:實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B二、填空題6.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0_________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0成立,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)閷?duì)SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0成立,所以SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<08.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)開_______.【解析】由題意得:SKIPIF1<0.因SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0.即SKIPIF1<0.則SKIPIF1<0.9.已知SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)開__________.【解析】由題意得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,三、解答題10.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)區(qū)間;(2)求SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域.【解析】(1)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減;(2)由(1)可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值SKIPIF1<0,最小值SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn)二判別式法一、單選題1.已知正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為正實(shí)數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.2.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)椋?/p>

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.以上答案都不對(duì)【解析】設(shè)題中函數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),視其為關(guān)于x的二次方程,判別式SKIPIF1<0,綜上,故值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.故選:C.3.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.4B.6C.7 D.8【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,綜上SKIPIF1<0,最大值是SKIPIF1<0,最小值是SKIPIF1<0,和為6.故選:B.二、多選題4.下列求函數(shù)值域正確的是(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0B.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0C.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0D.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0【解析】對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)SKIPIF1<0錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),則有SKIPIF1<0,所以△SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;綜上所述,函數(shù)的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)SKIPIF1<0正確;對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,且SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)的漸近線,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)槭荢KIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)SKIPIF1<0正確;對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)SKIPIF1<0正確.故選:BCD.三、填空題5.已知實(shí)數(shù)a,b滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是__________.【解析】因?yàn)閷?shí)數(shù)a,b滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,所以關(guān)于b的一元二次方程SKIPIF1<0有正根,只需SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0.此時(shí),關(guān)于b的一元二次方程SKIPIF1<0的兩根SKIPIF1<0,所以兩根同號(hào),只需SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.綜上所述:SKIPIF1<0.即SKIPIF1<0的最小值是SKIPIF1<0(此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0).6.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,由題意可知,關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有解,若SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由題意可知,關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的二次方程SKIPIF1<0的兩根為SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,由韋達(dá)定理可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0.7.已知SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是___________.【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.8.設(shè)非零實(shí)數(shù)a,b滿足SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0存在最大值M和最小值m,則SKIPIF1<0_________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn)三分離常數(shù)法一、單選題1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,從而可知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.故選:C2.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的值域?yàn)椋?/p>

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,由于SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,于是SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.故選:A.3.已知冪函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn)(9,3),則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間[1,9]上的值域?yàn)椋?/p>

)A.[-1,0] B.SKIPIF1<0 C.[0,2] D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】解法一:因?yàn)閮绾瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.因此,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間[1,9]上的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.故選:B.解法二:因?yàn)閮绾瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間[1,9]上的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.故選:B.4.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象上,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.5.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.二、多選題6.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù) B.SKIPIF1<0為減函數(shù)C.SKIPIF1<0有且只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn) D.SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0令SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)有且只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn)0.綜上可知,ACD正確,B錯(cuò)誤.故選:ACD三、填空題7.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是___________.【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由于SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.四、解答題8.求下列函數(shù)的最值.(1)SKIPIF1<0的最大值.(2)SKIPIF1<0的最大值.【解析】(1)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0的最大值是SKIPIF1<0.(2)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立.故SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn)四二次函數(shù)分類討論一、單選題1.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為4,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.2 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.4【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最大值,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍).故選:C.2.若函數(shù)的定義域?yàn)?,值域?yàn)?,則的取值范圍是A. B. C. D.【解析】函數(shù)的圖象是開口向上,且以直線SKIPIF1<0為對(duì)稱軸的拋物線,如圖所示,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)的定義域?yàn)?,值域?yàn)?,所以的取值范圍是,故選C.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0R).當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0上遞減,故最大值SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,則最大值SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0上遞增,故最大值SKIPIF1<0,綜上,SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C4.已知SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間[0,1]上的最大值為g(a),則g(a)的最小值為(

)A.0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.1 D.2【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0的開口向上,對(duì)稱軸SKIPIF1<0,①SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),此時(shí)函數(shù)取得最大值SKIPIF1<0,②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),此時(shí)函數(shù)取得最大值SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.二、多選題5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的最值有如下結(jié)論,其中正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為1B.SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上既有最小值,又有最大值C.SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為2,最大值為5D.SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象開口向上,對(duì)稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0.在選項(xiàng)A中,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,A錯(cuò)誤.在選項(xiàng)B中,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,B正確.在選項(xiàng)C中,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,最大值為SKIPIF1<0,C正確.在選項(xiàng)D中,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為2,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),由圖象知SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,D錯(cuò)誤.故選:BC.6.已知SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0可能的取值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.3 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.1【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)的對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,開口向上,又SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(舍去)或SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(舍去)或SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.綜上,SKIPIF1<0的取值集合為SKIPIF1<0.故選:BC.7.已知二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0為常數(shù)),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最大值是SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象的對(duì)稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0.①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0隨著SKIPIF1<0的增大而減小,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最大值,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,合乎題意;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最大值,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍);③當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0隨著SKIPIF1<0的增大而增大,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最大值,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(舍).綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.故選:AC.三、填空題8.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,對(duì)于任意實(shí)數(shù)t,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值SKIPIF1<0__________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0可化為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0取最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0取最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0取最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<09.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為4,則SKIPIF1<0的取值集合為______.【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍去),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,不符合題意,舍去,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍去),故SKIPIF1<0的取值集合為SKIPIF1<0.四、解答題10.(1)已知SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0的解析式.(2)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,寫出SKIPIF1<0的表達(dá)式.【解析】(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,又由于SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0,所以,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0,所以對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0固定,而區(qū)間[t,t+1]是變動(dòng)的,因此有①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;③當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.綜上可知SKIPIF1<0.11.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值;(2)若函數(shù)在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為9,最小值為1,求實(shí)數(shù)a,b的值.【解析】(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)化為SKIPIF1<0,其圖像的對(duì)稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,所以,①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取得最大值SKIPIF1<0;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取得最大值SKIPIF1<0,綜上,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),最大值為SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),最大值為SKIPIF1<0.(2)因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)的圖像開口向上,且對(duì)稱軸方程為SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y取得最小值SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y取得最大值SKIPIF1<0.由題意,可得SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0.12.已知二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和原點(diǎn),對(duì)于任意SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0.(1)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的表達(dá)式;(2)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值.【解析】(1)由題意得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)閷?duì)于任意SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0恒成立,故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.綜上,SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn)五基本不等式法一、單選題1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.4 C.3 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為3.故選:C.2.已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào);當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.3.已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為(

)A.4 B.6 C.8 D.10【解析】由SKIPIF1<0知SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,以及換底公式可知,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.4.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.3 B.2 C.1 D.0.5【解析】由題意,SKIPIF1<0,①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),不等式取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,③當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,由基本不等式可知,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),不等式取等號(hào),故SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,從而SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.二、多選題5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0最小值為SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù)C.SKIPIF1<0的最大值為1 D.SKIPIF1<0無(wú)最大值【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0是減函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,故A正確,B錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故C正確,D錯(cuò)誤.故選:AC.6.下列函數(shù)求值域正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0【解析】對(duì)于選項(xiàng)A:原函數(shù)化為SKIPIF1<0,其圖象如圖,原函數(shù)值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)A不正確,對(duì)于選項(xiàng)B:SKIPIF1<0,定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)B不正確;對(duì)于選項(xiàng)C:SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0均在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒不等于SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)C正確;對(duì)于選項(xiàng)D:SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)D正確,故選:CD三、填空題7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)的值域是______.【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<08.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)開__________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取最小值2;又最大值應(yīng)在兩個(gè)區(qū)間端點(diǎn)的某一處取到,SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.9.若實(shí)數(shù)x、y滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是______.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),取得最大值.10.若不等式SKIPIF1<0對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.四、解答題11.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求SKIPIF1<0的最小值;(2)對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,求a的取值范圍.【解析】(1)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.(2)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,故SKIPIF1<0.12.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的解析式;(2)若SKIPIF1<0恒成立,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【解析】(1)令SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0

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