山西省太原市高三上學(xué)期期中學(xué)業(yè)診斷英語試題（含答案解析）

2024～2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三年級(jí)期中學(xué)業(yè)診斷英語試卷(考試時(shí)間：上午10:15—12:15)說明：本試卷為閉卷筆答，答題時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分(不含聽力)。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)寫到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Transportoptions.B．Aweekendplan.C．Abusinessdeal.2．Whatisthemangoingtodo?A．Tidyuphisroom.B．Winduptheessay.C．Carryoutasurvey.3．Whenisthecompetitionprobablyheld?A．InFebruary.B．OnMayDay.C．AttheendofJune.4．WhereisTomgoingthisafternoon?A．Tothecomputerlab.B．Tothecampuscanteen.C．Tothegym.5．Whydidn’tthemanseethemovieyesterday?A．Heisn’tamoviegoer.B．Heneededarestathome.C．Hedidn’twanttomisstheexhibition.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。答案寫在答題卡上。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthemanconsiderwhenchoosingaclub?A．Atightschedule.B．Regularmeetings.C．Intellectualactivities.7．Howoftenaretheregularmeetingsheldinthechessclub?A．Onceamonth.B．Onceaweek.C．Everytwoweeks.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whendidthewoman’sdiscomfortbegin?A．Thismorning.B．Lastnight.C．Lastweek.9．WhatmadethewomansickaccordingtoDr.James?A．Heroverwork.B．Herpoordiet.C．Herlackofsleep.10．WhatdoesDr.Jamessuggestthewomandoing?A．Takingmedicine.B．Adjustingdiet.C．Exercisingregularly.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhatdoesthemanthinkofSuperMarioBros?A．Itwaschallenging.B．Ithasbeenupdated.C．Itledthegameindustry.12．WhatdoesthemanlikebestaboutBlackMyth?A．Hecanplayasahero.B．Itremindshimofchildhood.C．Hecanlearnaboutclassicalculture.13．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofgaming?A．ItisaninspiringhobbyB．Itisn’tarightwaytorelax.C．Itcanbeaproblemwithoutlimits.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whatwasthenewsabout?A．Improvingwaterquality.B．Reducingpublicwateruse.C．Advancingwater-savingtechnology.15．Whatdoesthemansuggest?A．Usingwater-savingequipment.B．Protectingwaterfrompollution.C．Learningwaterrecyclingtechnologies.16．WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonWorldWaterDay?A．Editavideo.B．Makeaposter.C．Organizeanonlinequiz.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatis“PenguinSpyinEmperors”?A．Amagazinecolumn.B．Adocumentaryfilm.C．Asciencefictionshow.18．WhatisspecialaboutthePenguinCam?A．Itisanewspecies.B．Itisarobotpenguin.C．Itisapenguinmodel.19．WhyareEmperorsdevotedparents?A．Theyarephysciallystrong.B．TheymigratefreelyinAntarctic.C．Theyraisechicksinextremeenvironment.20．Whenwillpenguins’strugglecometoanend?A．Whenthechicksareonemetretall.B．Whenthechicksleavefortheocean.C．WhenthechickscanreacttoPenguinCam.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AALiveSpeechonStrangeTraditionsofOxfordUniversityAnupcominglivespeech,combinedwitharealityshowdedicatedtoexploringthestrangetraditionsofOxfordUniversity,willtakeplacefromMarch1sttotheendofMayattheUniversityHall.Ticketsarenowonsale.TicketDeals:Onepopularoptionistheonlineticketingplatform,whereyoucaneasilybookandpayforyourticketsusingacreditcardordigitalpaymentserviceslikePayPal.Mobileappsoftenprovidequickaccesswithexclusivediscounts.Youcanalsoconvenientlypurchaseticketsattheboxofficedirectlyatthevenue.Additionally,thiseventallowsforphoneorders.Youcancallandhaveyourticketsmailedtoyou.ABriefLookAhead:·AspecialappointmentoftimeIfyou’rehurryingtoclassatOxfordandyouarriveat9:05am,don’tworry—you’renotlate;you’rerightontime.That’sbecausealluniversitylecturesandexamsarealwaysscheduledforfiveminutespastthehour.Beforethebirthofrailways,theUK’stownsoperatedontheirownslightlydifferenttime,andOxford’slocaltimewasfiveminutesandtwosecondsbehindGreenwichMeanTime.Therefore,theadditionalfiveminutestodayisanodtothepast.·AformaldinnerceremonyEveryweek,collegeshostaformalthree-coursemealcalledFormalHall,wherestudentsarerequiredtowearformalOxfordgowns(長袍).Thisrangesfromawaist-length,vest-likecoatforundergraduatestofull,knee-lengthgownsforgraduatestudents.SomecollegeshavebeenknowntoturnstudentsawayforbeingevenafewminuteslatetoFormalHall.Don’tmissthisopportunity.Secureyourticketstodayandbepartofthisexcitingevent.Staytunedformoreupdatesandannouncements.1.Whichofthefollowingoffersticketsatalowerprice?A.Theboxoffice. B.Mobileapps.C.Phoneorders. D.Onlineticketingplatform.2.Whyistherea5′02″delayintheuniversity’sschedule?A.Toaddsomeunexpectedfun. B.Tomakestudentslessstressed.C.Tohonourthelocaltimetradition. D.Tospareprofessorstimetoprepare.3.Whatisstudents’dressingbasedonatFormalHall?A.Theirmajor. B.Theirdegreestages.C.Theirfamilybackground. D.Theiracademicperformance.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了即將舉行關(guān)于牛津大學(xué)奇特傳統(tǒng)的演講及細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TicketDeals:中的“Mobileappsoftenprovidequickaccesswithexclusivediscounts.(移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序通常提供快速訪問和獨(dú)家折扣。)”可知，移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序有可能提供更低的價(jià)格。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)·Aspecialappointmentoftime中的“Beforethebirthofrailways,theUK’stownsoperatedontheirownslightlydifferenttime,andOxford’slocaltimewasfiveminutesandtwosecondsbehindGreenwichMeanTime.Therefore,theadditionalfiveminutestodayisanodtothepast.(在鐵路誕生之前，英國的城鎮(zhèn)都有自己略有不同的時(shí)間，牛津當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間比格林威治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間晚5分2秒。因此，今天額外的5分鐘是對(duì)過去的一種致敬。)”可知，大學(xué)日程的5分2秒延遲是為了紀(jì)念當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間的傳統(tǒng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)·Aformaldinnerceremony中的“Everyweek,collegeshostaformalthree-coursemealcalledFormalHall,wherestudentsarerequiredtowearformalOxfordgowns(長袍).Thisrangesfromawaist-length,vest-likecoatforundergraduatestofull,knee-lengthgownsforgraduatestudents.(每周，學(xué)院都會(huì)舉辦名為正式晚宴的正式三道菜餐會(huì)，學(xué)生需要穿著正式的牛津長袍。這從本科生的齊腰、背心式外套到研究生的及膝長袍不等。)”可知，學(xué)生在正式晚宴上的著裝是基于他們的學(xué)位階段。故選B。B15-year-oldCassandraLinadmiresunexpectedheroes.InspiredbyaYouTubestoryaboutaMalawianboywhobuiltwindmillsfrombicyclepartstopowerhisvillage,shecreatedanaward-winningrecyclingprograminherhometown,Westerly,RhodeIsland.Thisprogram,ProjectTGIF(TurnGreaseIntoFuel),encouragesresidentsandlocalrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil,whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel(生物柴油)fuel.ThemoneyearnedfromtheprogramisdonatedtohelpheatthehomesofneedypeopleinWesterly.That’sexactlywhatthispersistenttenthgraderhasdone.Forher,however,it’sjustsomethingshedoeswithherfriendsafterschool.Tomaketheprojectsuccessful,Cassandraandherteameducatedthemselvesonthebiodieselrefiningprocess,madetheirownbiodieselwithpropersafetymeasures,securedtwoseparateyouthseedgrants,andpersuadedcommunityleaderstosupporttheinitiative.Theyidentifiedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandtheissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity.“Allofourproblemsaresnowballedtogether,”Cassandrasaid.Sheandherteampuzzledoverhowtocombinetheseproblemstogetaone-offsolution.Anarticleoncollectingandrecyclingcookingoilsettledthedeal.Cassandra’sleadership,clear-sightedness,logicalthinking,andcreativitywerecentraltothesuccessofTGIF.Herenthusiasmandenergyhavemotivatedmanytojoinhercause.Despiteherachievements,Cassandrastaysdown-to-earth,viewinghereffortsasjustpartofherafter-schoolactivities.WhenremindedthatsheisfeaturedonYouTubeasadelegate(代表)totheTunzaInternationalYouthConferenceinSouthKorea,keepingalowprofile,sheresponds“AmI?”4.WhatistheaimofProjectTGIF?A.Toencouragelocalstoleadahealthylife.B.Toprovidescienceeducationforteenagers.C.ToreducetheuseofcookingoilinWesterly.D.Tofindagreenwaytoprocessusedcookingoil.5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thearticletheteenagerspublished. B.Thescientificbasisoftherecycling.C.Thefinancialproblemtheteamfaced. D.Thepracticeofadvancingtheproject.6.WhatdoweknowfromCassandra’sresponseinthelastparagraph?A.Sheishumble. B.Sheisdoubtful.C.Sheisaggressive. D.Sheisstraightforward.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AMalawianboythattopstheYoutubechannelB.AnintelligenttenthgraderwhochangesherlifeC.Greasetofuel:Aschoolgirl’swisdomwarmsthecommunityD.Aschoolprojectbridgingtheenergygapilluminatestheworld【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了15歲的CassandraLin發(fā)起的ProjectTGIF，通過回收烹飪油轉(zhuǎn)化為生物柴油，幫助貧困家庭取暖的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thisprogram,ProjectTGIF(TurnGreaseIntoFuel),encouragesresidentsandlocalrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil,whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel(生物柴油)fuel.(該項(xiàng)目名為TGIF（將油脂轉(zhuǎn)化為燃料），鼓勵(lì)居民和當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^回收用過的食用油，然后將其加工成生物柴油)”可知，項(xiàng)目TGIF的目的是找到一種綠色的方法來處理使用過的烹飪油。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Tomaketheprojectsuccessful,Cassandraandherteameducatedthemselvesonthebiodieselrefiningprocess,madetheirownbiodieselwithpropersafetymeasures,securedtwoseparateyouthseedgrants,andpersuadedcommunityleaderstosupporttheinitiative.Theyidentifiedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandtheissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity.(為了使該項(xiàng)目取得成功，Cassandra和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)自學(xué)了生物柴油精煉過程，制作了自己的生物柴油，并采取了適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?，獲得了兩項(xiàng)單獨(dú)的青年種子資助，并說服社區(qū)領(lǐng)袖支持該倡議。他們確定了一個(gè)不可持續(xù)的緊急供暖計(jì)劃以及將用過的脂肪和油倒入下水道的問題是他們社區(qū)的關(guān)鍵問題)”可知，本段主要是講述Cassandra和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)如何推進(jìn)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)踐，包括自我教育、制作生物柴油、申請(qǐng)資助、爭取社區(qū)支持等。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后第一段的“WhenremindedthatsheisfeaturedonYouTubeasadelegate(代表)totheTunzaInternationalYouthConferenceinSouthKorea,keepingalowprofile,sheresponds“AmI?”(當(dāng)被提醒她在YouTube上以代表的身份出現(xiàn)在韓國關(guān)愛國際青年大會(huì)上時(shí)，她保持低調(diào)，回答說：“我是嗎？”)”可推知，Cassandra對(duì)于自己成為代表參加國際會(huì)議這一事實(shí)并不知情，這反映出她的謙虛和低調(diào)。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“15-year-oldCassandraLinadmiresunexpectedheroes.InspiredbyaYouTubestoryaboutaMalawianboywhobuiltwindmillsfrombicyclepartstopowerhisvillage,shecreatedanaward-winningrecyclingprograminherhometown,Westerly,RhodeIsland.Thisprogram,ProjectTGIF(TurnGreaseIntoFuel),encouragesresidentsandlocalrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil,whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel(生物柴油)fuel.(15歲的CassandraLin欽佩那些意想不到的英雄。受到Y(jié)ouTube上一個(gè)關(guān)于馬拉維男孩利用自行車零件建造風(fēng)車為村莊供電的故事的啟發(fā)，她在家鄉(xiāng)羅德島韋斯特利創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)獲獎(jiǎng)的回收計(jì)劃。這個(gè)計(jì)劃名為TGIF項(xiàng)目（將油脂轉(zhuǎn)化為燃料），鼓勵(lì)居民和當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^回收使用過的烹飪油，這些油隨后會(huì)被加工成生物柴油)”可知，全文主要講述了一位名叫CassandraLin的女學(xué)生通過回收利用廢棄油脂轉(zhuǎn)化為生物燃料，不僅解決了環(huán)境問題，還幫助了需要取暖的家庭，體現(xiàn)了她的智慧與愛心。所以“從油脂到燃料：一位女學(xué)生的智慧溫暖了社區(qū)”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選C。CWhatshouldyoudoifyourchildstealsanotherkid’stoyinaplaydateorgetspushedbyanotherkidatthepark?Thesearecommonbehaviorsforpreschoolerswhoarestilllearninghowtoactaroundothersandregulatetheiremotions.Butformanyparents,thesemomentsareastruggletomanage.“Wefeelonthespotwhenwe’reinpublic,”saysCelinaBenavides,adevelopmentalpsychologistatOxnardCollegeinCalifornia.“Wefeelthejudgmentaleyesfromotherpeople,andthatcanshapehowweparentandhowchildrenmightrespondtous.”So,howshouldparentsaddresstheirkids’challengingbehaviorsinpublic?Benavidesexplainsthereasonwhysometimesyoungchildrensuffermeltdownisthattheyarestuckinatoughsituationforthemtohandleproperly.Sotrytodistractthembysteppingintimelyandofferinghelptheyneed.Forexample,atapark,aboycomesupbehindyour2-year-olddaughterandhitsheronthebackoftheheadsothathecanclimbthestairsfirst,buthisparentsdon’tsayanythingorapologize.Whatwouldyoudo?“It’salwaysOKtosimplyremoveyourchildfromsituationsthatdon’tfeelsafe.Butifyouchoosetoengage,focusfirstontheharmedchild.Then,moveontothechilddoingtheharm,producingasituationtohelpthechildrenrepairtherelationshipinahealthyway.”saysBenavides.Assumingyour18-month-oldsonisatachildren’sparty.Hegrabsanolderchild’sshirt,andthentakesatrucktoyfromhishand!Theotherchildstartscrying.Yoursonlookson,confused.Shouldtheparentsgetinvolvedinit?“Actually,parents’roleistohelpthekidfigureouthowtoresolvethedilemmaonhisown.”Benavidessays.Healsorecommendspausingbeforejumpingin,andifyoudoneedtoparticipate,labelwhatyou’reseeingandaskquestions,like“Whatifwetrytakingturns?”Thisallowschildrentocomeupwithideasthemselves.8.Whyisparentinginpublicdifficult?A.Thekids’misbehaviorsaretolerated. B.It’shardtoregulateparents’emotions.C.Parentsfeelstressedbyothers’judgement. D.Adultslackcommunicationskillswithkids.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meltdown”inparagraph2mean?A.Constantfear. B.Emotionaloutbursts.C.Physicalproblems. D.Temporarysetbacks.10.WhatissuggestedbyBenavideswhenkidsareinadilemma?A.Blamingthechilddoingharm. B.Presentingchildrenwithchoices.C.Standingbywithoutengagement. D.Gettingkidsawayfromthespot.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Howtoparentsensiblyinpublic. B.Howtoconstructfamilyrelations.C.Howtodevelopkids’goodmanners. D.Howtogetonwellwithotherparents.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了如何在公共場(chǎng)合理智地為人父母，如何應(yīng)對(duì)孩子在公共場(chǎng)合的挑戰(zhàn)性行為?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句““Wefeelonthespotwhenwe’reinpublic,”saysCelinaBenavides,adevelopmentalpsychologistatOxnardCollegeinCalifornia.“Wefeelthejudgmentaleyesfromotherpeople,andthatcanshapehowweparentandhowchildrenmightrespondtous.”(加州奧克斯納德學(xué)院的發(fā)展心理學(xué)家CelinaBenavides說：“當(dāng)我們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)合時(shí)，我們會(huì)感到很尷尬”?！拔覀兡芨惺艿絼e人評(píng)判性的眼光，這會(huì)影響我們?yōu)槿烁改傅姆绞揭约昂⒆訉?duì)我們的反應(yīng)?！?”可知，在公共場(chǎng)合，家長會(huì)感受到別人評(píng)判性的眼光，這會(huì)影響他們?yōu)槿烁改傅姆绞?。由此可知，在公共?chǎng)合為人父母很難，因?yàn)楦改敢蛩说脑u(píng)判而感到壓力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞所在句“theyarestuckinatoughsituationforthemtohandleproperly.(他們陷入了困境，需要妥善處理)”可知，幼兒在陷入了困境是會(huì)情緒爆發(fā)的。由此可知，畫線單詞“Emotionaloutbursts”意為“情緒爆發(fā)”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句““Actually,parents’roleistohelpthekidfigureouthowtoresolvethedilemmaonhisown.”Benavidessays.Healsorecommendspausingbeforejumpingin,andifyoudoneedtoparticipate,labelwhatyou’reseeingandaskquestions,like“Whatifwetrytakingturns?”Thisallowschildrentocomeupwithideasthemselves.(貝納維德斯說：“實(shí)際上，父母的角色是幫助孩子自己解決困境?！彼€建議在參與進(jìn)去之前暫停一下，如果你確實(shí)需要參與，給你看到的東西貼上標(biāo)簽并提出問題，比如“如果我們?cè)囍喠髯瞿?？”這可以讓孩子們自己想出主意)”可知，貝納維德斯認(rèn)為，當(dāng)孩子處于困境時(shí)，我們想不要急于幫忙，暫停一下，這可以讓孩子們自己想出主意。由此可知，當(dāng)孩子們陷入困境時(shí)，貝納維德建議家長袖手旁觀。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Wefeelthejudgmentaleyesfromotherpeople,andthatcanshapehowweparentandhowchildrenmightrespondtous.(我們能感受到別人評(píng)判性的眼光，這會(huì)影響我們?yōu)槿烁改傅姆绞揭约昂⒆訉?duì)我們的反應(yīng)。)”和“So,howshouldparentsaddresstheirkids’challengingbehaviorsinpublic?(那么，父母應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)孩子在公共場(chǎng)合的挑戰(zhàn)性行為呢？)”可知，在公共場(chǎng)合，家長會(huì)感受到別人評(píng)判性的眼光，這影響了他們?yōu)槿烁改傅姆绞?。本文主要介紹了父母應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)孩子在公共場(chǎng)合的挑戰(zhàn)性行為。由此可知，本文主要介紹了如何在公共場(chǎng)合理智地為人父母。故選A項(xiàng)。DShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.“Wecallitmovingmeditation(冥想),”saysShea,whoisafamilybikingadvocateandauthorinMaryland.“Wesawhowincrediblyhelpfulbikingwasforhisfocus,emotionalregulationandabilitytofollowdirections.”Thisexperienceisn’tunique.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovingmentalhealth.“Exercise,nomatteryourage,isthesinglebestthingyoucandoforeveryorganinyourbody,includingyourbrain,”saysAllanReiss,aprofessoranddirectorofBrainSciencesatStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Andwhileanyexercisehelps,agrowingbodyofresearchshowsbicyclingisamongtheactivitiesthatmightprovideevenmoreofamentalhealthboost.Scientistsaren’tyetsurewhy,butitmighthavesomethingtodowithallthefunctionalskillscyclistsuse.“Youneedtomaintainyourbalanceandprocessalotofinformationfromyourenvironment,likedecidingwhetheryoucansqueezepastatreeorhowhardyouneedtobrake,”saysReiss,“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào)),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.”AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”Luckily,it’snottoohardtogetonabikeformostpeople.Youshouldfocusonthefun.Toensureridersdon’tgettiredtooquickly(ortoobored),buildinafunstopratherthanmaketheridethesinglefocus.Self-pacedexplorationandadventurearekeytotheride.Cyclingcanmultiplywhenitbecomesasocialproject.Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingShea’sson’sexample?A.Advantageofphysicalexerciseregularly. B.Positiveeffectofridingonmentalhealth.C.Importanceofleadingarelaxinglifestyle. D.Possibilitiesthatanydiseasecanbecured.13.WhydoescyclingboostmentalhealthmoreaccordingtoReiss?A.Itneedsbetterintegratedcoordinationabilities.B.Itsoutdoorexposurehelpsimprovethemoodstate.C.Itneedsrepetitivemovementtohelpcalmthemind.D.Itssenseoffreedomandexplorationhelpsmindgrow.14.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementinparagraph4?A.Presentingexperiments. B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence. D.Offeringsuggestions.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.B.Nonstopcyclingmakesthemostoftheride.C.Purchasingticketsforagrouprideisessential.D.Bikelaneconstructionispromotedbycommunities.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了騎自行車有助于改善心理健康，包括提高專注力、情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力和方向感，同時(shí)也能促進(jìn)大腦新細(xì)胞生長和加強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元連接，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)能力。文章鼓勵(lì)人們騎自行車，并享受其中的樂趣。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.(ShannonBrescherShea9歲的兒子在家里和學(xué)校里都很難集中注意力，也無法聽從指示。但騎完自行車后，無論是在公園周圍還是去學(xué)校，他都明顯感到平靜。)”可知，Shea的兒子在騎車后明顯感到更平靜，專注力和情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力得到提高。作者通過這一例子想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是騎自行車對(duì)心理健康的積極影響。故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào)),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.(最重要的是，你必須協(xié)調(diào)、感知、處理、整合、規(guī)范，并不斷做出決定。)”可知，騎自行車需要協(xié)調(diào)、感知、處理、整合、調(diào)節(jié)和不斷做出決策。這表明騎行需要更好的綜合協(xié)調(diào)能力，這可能是其對(duì)心理健康促進(jìn)作用更大的原因。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”(Reiss說：“研究表明，像騎自行車這樣的體育活動(dòng)可能會(huì)促進(jìn)大腦中與記憶和解決問題有關(guān)的區(qū)域的新細(xì)胞生長，并能支持神經(jīng)元之間更強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)?！?”可知，研究表明物理活動(dòng)如騎自行車可能促進(jìn)大腦中與記憶和解決問題相關(guān)的區(qū)域的新細(xì)胞生長，并支持神經(jīng)元之間的更強(qiáng)連接，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)。這表明引用的研究的內(nèi)容是為了提供證據(jù)來支持前面的觀點(diǎn)，即解釋為什么騎行對(duì)心理健康有益，故本段陳述起到的作用是提供證據(jù)。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.(在有自行車道或其他安全騎行通道的社區(qū)里，和朋友組織一次集體騎行可能只是那些壓力較小、更放松的人的門票。)”可知，在有自行車道或其他安全騎行路徑的社區(qū)，組織團(tuán)體騎行可能是減輕壓力、放松身心的好方法。這表明作者推薦與朋友一起騎行。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.(推薦與朋友一起騎行)”符合題意。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。答案寫在答題卡上。TheCareerPlanningGuideforHighSchoolStudentsIt’snevertooearlytostartplanningyourcareer!Havinganideaofyourpersonalcareergoalscanbeahugeadvantageforthrivingathighschool.Buttheanxietyofcareerplanningmakesmanystudentsholdback.___16___Certainlynot.Actually,it’smucheasiertoenjoythejourneywhenyouknowyou’reontherightpath!Hereisathree-stepguideforcareerplanning.·Knowyourself.Honestlyassessyourstrengthsandweaknesses,andyou’llbegintounderstandhowtomakeuseofyourstrengthsinthemosteffectiveway,aswellashowtoimproveonyourweaknesses.___17___·Matchskillsandinterests.Sometimesyourskillsandinterestsmaynotalign(一致)perfectlywithasinglecareer.Theymightpointtowardsmultiplepaths.___18___Forexample,apassionforwritingcanopendoorsinmanycareersincludingcopy-writing,marketingandjournalism.Similarly,aninterestinmathematicscouldleadtowardsacareerindatascience,economicsorevengamedesign.·___19___Pickingacareerthatsuitsyoufromhundredsofpossibilitiescanseemabitoverwhelmingatfirst.___20___Resourceslikecareerfairs,mentorprogrammesandonlineinternships(實(shí)習(xí))canhelpyoudiscoveropportunitiesandmakemoreinformeddecisions.Onceyou’veassessedthis,thetruecareerplanningcanbegin!A.Clearyourpotential.B.Explorecareeroptions.C.So,shouldwestopplanning?D.Cansuchanxietybeavoidedthen?E.Butthankfullyonlineresourcesmakethiseasier.F.Thatmeansyoumayhavemanyoptionstochoosefrom.G.Employersvaluecandidatesgivingfullplaytotheiradvantages.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何進(jìn)行職業(yè)規(guī)劃?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buttheanxietyofcareerplanningmakesmanystudentsholdback.(但職業(yè)規(guī)劃的焦慮讓許多學(xué)生退縮了)”以及后文“Certainlynot.(當(dāng)然不)”可知，本句承接上文，說明職業(yè)規(guī)則導(dǎo)致學(xué)生焦慮，因而是否應(yīng)該停止，后文給出了否定回答。故C選項(xiàng)“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止計(jì)劃嗎？”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“·Knowyourself.Honestlyassessyourstrengthsandweaknesses,andyou’llbegintounderstandhowtomakeuseofyourstrengthsinthemosteffectiveway,aswellashowtoimproveonyourweaknesses.(了解自己。誠實(shí)地評(píng)估你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)開始明白如何以最有效的方式利用你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，以及如何改進(jìn)你的缺點(diǎn))”可知，上文提到了解自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，本句為本段最后一句，故說明了解自己的原因。故G選項(xiàng)“雇主看重的是求職者能充分發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sometimesyourskillsandinterestsmaynotalign(一致)perfectlywithasinglecareer.Theymightpointtowardsmultiplepaths.(有時(shí)候，你的技能和興趣可能與單一的職業(yè)并不完全一致。它們可能指向多條路徑)”以及后文“Forexample,apassionforwritingcanopendoorsinmanycareersincludingcopy-writing,marketingandjournalism.Similarly,aninterestinmathematicscouldleadtowardsacareerindatascience,economicsorevengamedesign.(例如，對(duì)寫作的熱情可以為許多職業(yè)打開大門，包括文案、營銷和新聞。同樣，對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的興趣可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致你從事數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)甚至游戲設(shè)計(jì)方面的職業(yè))”可知，本句承接上文，說明技能和興趣指向多條路徑的意義是有更多的選擇。故F選項(xiàng)“這意味著你可能有很多選擇”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Pickingacareerthatsuitsyoufromhundredsofpossibilitiescanseemabitoverwhelmingatfirst.(一開始，從數(shù)百種可能性中選擇適合自己的職業(yè)似乎有點(diǎn)勢(shì)不可擋)”可知，后文提到了從句數(shù)百種可能性中選擇職業(yè)，即說明職業(yè)選擇需要探索去發(fā)現(xiàn)，故B選項(xiàng)“探索職業(yè)選擇”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Resourceslikecareerfairs,mentorprogrammesandonlineinternships(實(shí)習(xí))canhelpyoudiscoveropportunitiesandmakemoreinformeddecisions.(招聘會(huì)、導(dǎo)師項(xiàng)目和在線實(shí)習(xí)等資源可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)會(huì)，做出更明智的決定)”可知，后文提到了在線實(shí)習(xí)資源，即在線資源，E選項(xiàng)中onlineresources對(duì)應(yīng)后文onlineinternships。故E選項(xiàng)“但幸運(yùn)的是，在線資源使這更容易”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oureldestdaughter,wholiveswithspecialneeds,hasauniquewayoffindingcomfort.Sheis___21___inpickingleavesfromplantsandfashioningthemintodesignstofulfillhersensoryneeds.Itbringsno___22___,somywifeandIneverstopher.Weevencreatedadedicatedgardenathomeforher.Butinthepastfewmonths,shehas___23___intoourneighbor’sgardentopickleaves.Ididn’twanttoupsether.I___24___triedtoexplainthatourneighbormightnotwanttheirplantstobe___25___,butshestillgotsensitive.Consequently,Iwroteanotetomyneighborand___26___.IaskedwhatplantsIcouldbuyto___27___theloss.Ourneighbor’sresponsewastruly___28___.Hesaid,“There’snoneedtoworry.She’sas___29___tousasourownchild.Afewplantsarenothing.Wecanalwaysgrownewones.She’s____30____herewheneveritbringsherjoy.”Sincethen,everytimeourdaughter____31____theneighbor’sgarden,theneighborgreetsherkindlyandsometimesshowsherthenewflowershe’splanted.We,____32____,oftenmakehomemade____33____fortheneighborasagestureofgratitude.Thisbeautifulfriendshipbetweenneighborsspreadswarmthinthecommunity,andourdaughter’sleafcreationsworkasa____34____ofthepowerofkindnessand____35____.21.A.proud B.careful C.grateful D.delighted22.A.gift B.thrill C.fun D.harm23.A.wandered B.dug C.looked D.turned24.A.delicately B.seriously C.hardly D.anxiously25.A.watered B.designed C.disturbed D.grown26.A.greeted B.apologized C.complained D.worried27.A.takecareof B.catchupwith C.makeupfor D.breakawayfrom28.A.convincing B.comforting C.interesting D.disappointing29.A.shy B.kind C.dear D.friendly30.A.remarkable B.brave C.creative D.welcome31.A.nears B.desires C.protects D.decorates32.A.inperson B.inreturn C.ontime D.onpurpose33.A.trees B.treats C.stories D.toys34.A.reminder B.tradition C.standard D.target35.A.knowledge B.wisdom C.acceptance D.imagination【答案】21.D22.D23.A24.A25.C26.B27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者女兒喜歡從植物中采摘葉子，并將其做成設(shè)計(jì)，起初只是在自己家摘葉子，但后來去了鄰居家摘葉子，作者很擔(dān)心。意料之外，鄰居并未生氣，甚至歡迎女兒去，這讓作者體會(huì)到了善意?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她喜歡從植物中采摘葉子，并將其做成設(shè)計(jì)來滿足她的感官需求。A.proud驕傲的；B.careful小心的；C.grateful感激的；D.delighted高興的。根據(jù)下文“Weevencreatedadedicatedgardenathomeforher.”可知，我們甚至在家里為她建了一個(gè)專門的花園，由此可知，她喜歡從植物中采摘葉子，這件事使她高興，所以我們才會(huì)為她建了一個(gè)專門的花園。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它不會(huì)帶來任何傷害，所以我和妻子從未阻止過她。A.gift禮物；B.thrill激動(dòng)；C.fun樂趣；D.harm傷害。根據(jù)句中“mywifeandIneverstopher”可知，我和妻子從未阻止過她做這件事。由此可知，這件事不會(huì)帶來任何傷害。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在過去的幾個(gè)月里，她走進(jìn)我們鄰居的花園摘樹葉。A.wandered徘徊，閑逛；B.dug挖；C.looked看；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)句中“ourneighbor’sgarden”可知，為了摘樹葉，她應(yīng)該是走進(jìn)我們鄰居的花園，“wanderinto”意為“走進(jìn)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地解釋說，我們的鄰居可能不希望他們的植物受到干擾，但她仍然很敏感。A.delicately小心翼翼地；B.seriously嚴(yán)重地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.anxiously焦慮地。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’twanttoupsether.”可知，我不想惹她生氣。由此可知，我小心翼翼地對(duì)她解釋。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地解釋說，我們的鄰居可能不希望他們的植物受到干擾，但她仍然很敏感。A.watered澆水；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.disturbed干擾；D.grown生長。根據(jù)上文“shehas___3__intoourneighbor’sgardentopickleaves”可知，她走進(jìn)我們鄰居的花園摘樹葉.由此可知，我告訴她我們的鄰居可能不希望他們的植物受到干擾，不要這樣做。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我給鄰居寫了一封信并道歉。A.greeted打招呼；B.apologized道歉；C.complained抱怨；D.worried擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文“shehas___3__intoourneighbor’sgardentopickleaves”可知，她走進(jìn)我們鄰居的花園摘樹葉。由此可知，我給鄰居寫了一封信為這件事道歉。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我問我可以買什么植物來彌補(bǔ)損失。A.takecareof照顧；B.catchupwith趕上；C.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；D.breakawayfrom脫離。根據(jù)上文“shehas__3___intoourneighbor’sgardentopickleaves”可知，她走進(jìn)我們鄰居的花園摘樹葉。由此可知，我想買植物來彌補(bǔ)女兒造成的損失。故選C