2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修5Unit1Greatscientists學(xué)案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit1Greatscientists————[單元主題語境]———人與社會(huì)之對社會(huì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物(2024·高考天津卷)話題：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)詞數(shù)：402難度：★★★★Howdoesanecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))work？Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare？Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves？Tofindananswer，scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食動(dòng)物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(獵物)，thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction(滅亡)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssay，becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(臨界點(diǎn))，itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家通過建立一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)模型找到了管理食物網(wǎng)的幾個(gè)主要原則。46．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?A．Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B．Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.”中的principles與選項(xiàng)B中的rules相對應(yīng)，故選B。答案：B47．Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator.A．hasawidefoodchoice B．caneasilyfindnewpreyC．stickstoonepreyspecies D．canquicklymovetoanotherplace解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。留意本題中涉及的是astronglink。依據(jù)其次段第三句“Whenapredatoralwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey，thetwospeciesarestronglylinked...”可知，當(dāng)掠食動(dòng)物總是吃掉大量的單一獵物時(shí)，這兩種動(dòng)物是緊密聯(lián)系在一起的，故選C。答案：C48．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C．Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D．Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的smallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems以及其后舉的例子可知，位于食物網(wǎng)頂端的掠食動(dòng)物對其他物種的數(shù)量有著驚人的限制，即使是無干脆聯(lián)系的物種，故答案為D“其他物種的數(shù)量會(huì)發(fā)生意想不到的改變”。答案：D49．Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinparagraph4?A．Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B．Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C．Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D．Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的第一句“Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.(未經(jīng)安排的人類活動(dòng)證明白頂端掠食動(dòng)物自上而下限制的觀點(diǎn)是正確的)”是這一段的主題句，下面的例子是為了證明它的，依據(jù)本段最終一句“這些行為已經(jīng)大大影響了生態(tài)平衡”可知，人為的不受限制的行為會(huì)擾亂生態(tài)平衡，故答案為A。答案：A50．Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance?A．Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B．Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C．Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.D．Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.解析：推理推斷題。由題干中的anearly-warningsystem定位到文章的最終一段。依據(jù)最終一段中的preventioniskey可知，預(yù)防系統(tǒng)提前發(fā)出信號以讓人們實(shí)行措施防止生態(tài)系統(tǒng)被破壞。答案：D一、語言實(shí)力熟詞生義/詞類活用1．notevt.記錄2．keyadj.關(guān)鍵的3．switchn．轉(zhuǎn)換4．drivev．迫使5．fishv．打撈6．pushv．促使二、思維品質(zhì)1．閱讀技巧——通過“舉例處”解推理推斷題閱讀理解中的舉例處是命題人命制試題時(shí)特殊鐘愛的地方，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)引起我們的高度重視。這些例子往往與作者的觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)論有很大的關(guān)聯(lián)，具有重要作用，因此也成為常見的命題點(diǎn)。這類題目在文章中的線索特別明顯，一般都帶有如下的標(biāo)記性詞語：forexample，forinstance，take...asanexample，as，suchas，like等。舉例子的作用通常有三個(gè)：第一，證明論點(diǎn)：通常論點(diǎn)在前，例證在后。其次，引出話題或結(jié)論：一般例子在前，話題和結(jié)論在后。第三，通過舉例對比突出強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的某一方面。例如第49題便是用例子進(jìn)行命題的。第四段例子旨在闡明，人類的沒有安排的活動(dòng)會(huì)在很大程度上影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。故選A。2．分析長難句并翻譯句子Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.[分析]if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中有一個(gè)定語從句thatiseasiertofind，并且還有一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句whenapreyspeciesbecomesrare。[翻譯]當(dāng)獵物稀缺時(shí)，假如掠食動(dòng)物會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向更簡單找到的另一種物種，那么這種轉(zhuǎn)變會(huì)使最初的那種獵物復(fù)原。三、文化素養(yǎng)思索：通過閱讀這篇文章，你認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣為愛護(hù)生態(tài)做出貢獻(xiàn)？愛護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從一點(diǎn)一滴的小事做起，從一絲一毫的貢獻(xiàn)起先。例如，我們可以參與植樹造林。因?yàn)樯志哂芯S護(hù)地球生命、改善人類生存空間的生態(tài)價(jià)值。還可以參與環(huán)保義務(wù)宣揚(yáng)活動(dòng)，制止破壞環(huán)境的行為。授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第133頁NO.1單詞——在語境中應(yīng)用，在拓展中記多01核心單詞…………[先識記]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．concludeadeal達(dá)成協(xié)議2．rejectaplan拒絕方案3．contributemoney捐錢4．defeattheenemy戰(zhàn)勝敵人5．a(chǎn)ttendameeting出席會(huì)議6．exposemetoart使我接觸藝術(shù)7．a(chǎn)bsorbinformation吸取信息8．foreseethefuture預(yù)見將來9．pollutetherivers污染河流10．suspecthimtobeill猜想他病了11．a(chǎn)cautiousdriver一位謹(jǐn)慎的司機(jī)12．a(chǎn)positiveattitude樂觀的看法13．a(chǎn)nexpertonforeignaffairs外交專家14．a(chǎn)nenthusiasticwelcome熱情歡迎15．a(chǎn)cureforcolds治感冒的方法16．a(chǎn)nexcitingchallenge令人激烈的挑戰(zhàn)17．beartheblame擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任18．a(chǎn)broomhandle掃帚把[再拓展]請?zhí)钊肜ㄌ杻?nèi)單詞的正確形式1．Markisacautious(caution)shopperwhoalwaysdoessomecarefulresearchonthemarketbeforehebuyssomethingvaluable.2．Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡5,000totheearthquakefundlastweekandallhiscontributionsweregratefullyreceived.(contribute)3．MaryannouncedtoherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy.Theannouncementoftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspaperthenextweek.(announce)4．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)5．IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge.LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm，andIfounditverychallenging.(challenge)6．Intheclass，ourteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakesadifferencetoourEnglishlearning.(instruct)7．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Icametotheconclusionthathelied.(conclude)02閱讀單詞…………標(biāo)注不相識的單詞，回查單詞表重新記憶□characteristic□radium□analyse□physician□outbreak□clue□germ□chart□enquiry□neighbourhood□pump□firework□chart□infectiousNO.2短語——在拼法中記牢，在聯(lián)想中積累[必會(huì)短語]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．makesense講得通；有意義2．betoblame應(yīng)受指責(zé)/責(zé)怪3．cometoanend結(jié)束4．a(chǎn)ttendtotheinjured照看傷者5．leadtobadresults導(dǎo)致壞的結(jié)果6．lookintothematter調(diào)查那件事7．exposesomeonetodanger使某人暴露于危急中8．linktheislandtotheland把該島與陸地連起來9．a(chǎn)partfromspellingmistakes除了拼法錯(cuò)誤10．putforwardaplan提出一項(xiàng)安排[詞匯積累]1．表示“觀點(diǎn)；看法”的高頻形容詞①positive主動(dòng)的②negative消極的③subjective主觀的④objective客觀的⑤doubtful懷疑的⑥critical指責(zé)的2．名詞用作動(dòng)詞的高頻詞匯聚焦①handlen．把手→vt.處理②nursen．護(hù)士→vt.護(hù)理③facen．臉→vt.面對④bridgen．橋→vt.溝通⑤drinkn．飲料→vt.喝；飲3．“照看/照看某人”的多種表達(dá)①attendto/on/uponsb.②careforsb.③takecareofsb.④lookaftersb.⑤showconsiderationforsb.⑥seeaftersb.NO.3句式——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在學(xué)寫中學(xué)通請依據(jù)提示完成下列句子1．neither...nor...既不……也不……我最喜愛秋天，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)既不太熱也不太冷。Ilikeautumnbestasit'sneithertoohotnortoocoldthen.2．everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句每當(dāng)我在英語學(xué)習(xí)上遇到困難時(shí)，我的英語老師是我首先要求助的人。EverytimeIhavedifficultywithmyEnglishstudy,myEnglishteacheristheonethatIwillturntofirst.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)3．suggest(建議)后跟從句用虛擬語氣假如你有空，我劇烈建議你在網(wǎng)上學(xué)英語。Shouldyoubeavailable,Istronglysuggestyou(should)learnEnglishontheInternet.4．“only＋狀語”位于句首時(shí)主句須部分倒裝只有我們盡全力去爭取，我們才能為我們的學(xué)校贏得榮譽(yù)。Onlyifwemakeeveryefforttostriveforit，canwewinthehonorforourschool.(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第134頁1．concludevt.&vi.推斷出；結(jié)束；達(dá)成；締結(jié)[寫作佳句]It'ssafetoconcludethatitisreasonabletoincludeEnglishwhichbenefitsdailycommunication.可以得出的結(jié)論是，把一些有利于日常交際的英語包括在內(nèi)是合情合理的。[歸納拓展](1)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))(從……中)推斷出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.))以……結(jié)束……toconclude最終(2)conclusionn．結(jié)論；結(jié)束cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion總而言之[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”②I'vecometotheconclusion(conclude)thathe'snottherightpersonforthejob.③Inconclusion,IbelievethatyoucanbenefitalotfromtheEnglishclassontheInternet.實(shí)力提升——一句多譯我從我自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中得出結(jié)論：患難見真情。④Idrew/reached/cametoaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclusion)⑤Iconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclude)[實(shí)戰(zhàn)貼士]表示“總而言之”的其他表達(dá)還有：inshort，inbrief，inaword，allinall，tosumup，briefly(speaking)，onthewhole等。2．a(chǎn)ttendvt.出席；參與；照看；護(hù)理vi.用心；留意[文化金句]Shewaspraisedforhavingattendedon/uponhersickmother-in-lawforoverthirtyyears.她因服侍生病的婆婆三十多年而受到人們的贊揚(yáng)。[歸納拓展]attendschool/class/church上學(xué)/上課/做禮拜attendtosb./sth.用心，留意，傾聽某人/某事；處理，應(yīng)付；關(guān)懷a(bǔ)ttendon/uponsb.照料/侍候某人[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，wewereinvitedtoattend(attend)aprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listening(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)②Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend(attend)．(2024·高考北京卷)③Thepersoninchargeoftheworkshouldattendtothismatterimmediately.實(shí)力提升——補(bǔ)全句子/句式升級④I'mgreatlyhonoredtoinviteyoutoattendamusicfestival(參與一個(gè)音樂節(jié))．ItwillbeheldinourschoolhallonJune5at2：00p．m.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)→I'mgreatlyhonoredtoinviteyoutoattendamusicfestivaltobeheldinourschoolhallonJune5at2：00p．m.3．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面臨[寫作佳句]Ifexposedtotheoutsidesurroundings，they'llbestrongerandbetterpreparedfortheirfuture.假如暴露于外部的環(huán)境，他們將變得更加強(qiáng)壯并能為將來做好打算。[歸納拓展](1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……接觸……exposeoneselfto...使自己面臨……；使自己暴露于……(2)beexposedto遭遇到；(使)接觸到[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.②Beingexposed(expose)tostrongsunlightwilldoharmtoyourskin.③Themorebirdsareexposed(expose)tolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.實(shí)力提升——句式升級④Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituations，theyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.→Exposedtodifficultsituations，childrenarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.(分詞作狀語)[實(shí)戰(zhàn)貼士]及物動(dòng)詞expose后若無賓語，則經(jīng)常運(yùn)用它的被動(dòng)形式；在expose...to...以及beexposedto結(jié)構(gòu)中，to為介詞，其后要用名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。4．challengen.挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)[寫作佳句]Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.我快速俯下身子，低下頭，避開直視他的眼睛，這樣他就不會(huì)感到受到了挑戰(zhàn)。[歸納拓展](1)challengesb.tosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)某事challengesb.todosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事(2)challengingadj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的challengedadj.受到挑戰(zhàn)的[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Iwanttochallengehimtoagameofbasketball.②Teachingyoungchildrenisachallenging(challenge)andrewardingjob.實(shí)力提升——翻譯句子③至于我，我對跑步感愛好，因?yàn)樗o了我力氣去面對生活中的挑戰(zhàn)。Asforme，I'minterestedinrunningsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtofacethechallengesinmylife.④在即將到來的三年里，我們的學(xué)校生活將具有挑戰(zhàn)性。Inthecomingthreeyears，ourschoollifewillbechallenging.[實(shí)戰(zhàn)貼士]challenge本身已含有“向……；對……”的意義，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑戰(zhàn)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1([誤]challengetosb.,[正]challengesb.))5．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸??；吸引；運(yùn)用心；吞并；理解；駕馭[寫作佳句]Inaddition，sittingonthegrassandenjoyingthetastyfoodanddrinksprovidedbysponsors，wewillbefullyabsorbedintheattractiveandfascinatingperformances.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)此外，坐在草地上，享受贊助商供應(yīng)的美味佳肴和飲料，我們將全神貫注于精彩絕倫的表演。[歸納拓展](1)absorboneselfin用心于；全神貫注于o...把……吸取進(jìn)……absorb...from...從……中吸取……(2)absorbedadj.全神貫注的；用心致志的；極感愛好的beabsorbedin全神貫注于[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——一詞多義①Thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity.吞并，使并入②Afterabsorbingenoughwater，theplantsgrowwell.吸?、跧keepthelessonsimplebecausethestudentscan'tabsorbthatmuch.理解實(shí)力提升——一句多譯湯姆如此用心于工作以至于遺忘了通知她這件事。④Tomwassoabsorbedinhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.⑤SoabsorbedwasTominhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.(so...that...引導(dǎo)的倒裝句)⑥Absorbedinhiswork，Tomforgottoinformherofit.(過去分詞短語作狀語)[實(shí)戰(zhàn)貼士]beabsorbedin(doing)sth.結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語、定語時(shí)，常用absorbedin...。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：belostin，becaught/trappedin，beburiedin，beinvolvedin，beoccupiedin等。6．blamevt.責(zé)怪；指責(zé)；把……歸咎于n.過失；責(zé)怪[寫作佳句]Therefore，Ibelieveweshoulddoourbesttocontributetoanexcellentclassroomatmospheretoabsorbtheknowledge.Besides，weshouldn'tblameallourfailureonothers.因此，我覺得我們學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力營造一個(gè)舒適的課堂環(huán)境來吸取學(xué)問。此外，我們不應(yīng)把失敗完全歸咎于別人。[歸納拓展](1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth.為某事責(zé)怪某人/責(zé)怪某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(for)應(yīng)(為……)擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任/受責(zé)怪(2)put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.將某事歸咎于某人taketheblame(for)應(yīng)(為……)擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任/受責(zé)怪[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①It'sunwiseforustoblametheincreaseofratingsonhighconsumption.②Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.③Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning，andputtheblameonthealarmclock.實(shí)力提升——一句多譯因?yàn)楸恢肛?zé)要為學(xué)校電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崩潰負(fù)責(zé)，艾麗斯的心情很低落。④Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.(狀語從句)⑤Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork，Alicewasinlowspirits.(分詞短語作狀語)[實(shí)戰(zhàn)貼士]betoblame短語中blame不能用其被動(dòng)形式，該短語為主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。7．contributevt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助[文化金句]Thecompass，paper，gunpowder，andtheartofprintingarecalledthefourgreatinventionsthatChinacontributedtotheworld.指南針、造紙術(shù)、火藥和印刷術(shù)被稱為“四大獨(dú)創(chuàng)”，是中國對世界做出的貢獻(xiàn)。[歸納拓展](1)contribute...to...把……捐獻(xiàn)給……contributeto有助于；導(dǎo)致；投稿(2)contributionn．捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto對……做出貢獻(xiàn)[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad，JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.②Yourcontribution(contribute)willcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.③Inconclusion，everyoneshouldmakecontributionstoprotecting(protect)theenvironment.實(shí)力提升——完成語段④Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.很多人給那個(gè)可憐的男孩捐款，這有助于他重返校內(nèi)。一位作家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的故事并把它投稿到報(bào)社。8．putforward提出(建議)；舉薦；將……提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥[寫作佳句]Beforewecarriedouttheplan，variousideaswere/hadbeenputforwardbymyclassmates.在我們實(shí)施這項(xiàng)安排之前，同學(xué)們提出了各種不同的想法。[歸納拓展]putaside放在一邊；忽視；忽視；節(jié)約；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存；留出putaway放好putoff延期；推遲putup舉起；張貼；建立；供應(yīng)食宿putthrough接通電話；完成[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——一詞多義①Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforeabetteroneisputforward，we'llmakedowithit.提出②Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.將……提前③Shewasputforwardasanadvancedworker.舉薦實(shí)力提升——選用put的短語填空④Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，IthinkitisawisechoiceforyoutoexploretheChineseculturebyyourself.⑤EncouragechildrentoputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyNewYear'spresents.⑥Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthatthefootballmatchwasputoff.9．makesense有意義；有道理；講得通[寫作佳句]See，yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain！Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.看，你的電腦又發(fā)生故障了。只是為了省一點(diǎn)錢而買最便宜牌子的電腦沒意義。[歸納拓展](1)makesenseof理解；明白makenosense沒道理；沒意義(2)inasense在某一方面；就某種意義來說innosense決不(位于句首時(shí)句子用部分倒裝)(3)thereisno/littlesenseindoingsth.做某事沒道理[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuy(buy)thatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.②Innosenseshouldyouloseheart；keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.實(shí)力提升——詞匯升級③TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlyunderstandthematall.→TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlymakesenseofthematall.10．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”[教材原句]Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。[歸納拓展](1)neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個(gè)相同的句子成分。當(dāng)連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式遵循“就近一樣”原則。(2)遵循“就近一樣”原則的其他并列連詞：either...or...不是……就是……；或者……或者……notonly...butalso...不但……而且……not...but...不是……而是……[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlesslynorcanwedenyitcompletely.②NotonlyJohnandTombutalsotheirsister，Mary，takes(take)greatinterestinthepianolessonsnow.③Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.實(shí)力提升——句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Theteacherisnotcontentwiththeresult.Thestudentsarenotcontentwiththeresult.→Neithertheteachernorthestudentsarecontentwiththeresult.11．everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句[教材原句]Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次暴發(fā)霍亂時(shí)，都有成千上萬驚恐的人病死。[歸納拓展](1)everytime是名詞詞組作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于whenever，意為“每當(dāng)……”，從句謂語常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。(2)名詞詞組作連詞用而且能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的還有：anytime任何時(shí)候nexttime下次……時(shí)thelasttime最終一次the＋序數(shù)詞＋time第……次(3)the＋瞬間名詞(moment/minute/instant/second)一……就……on/upondoingsth.一……就……[實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Onarriving(arrive)home，hesetouttodohishomework.實(shí)力提升——補(bǔ)全句子②Everytimehearrivedhome(每當(dāng)他到家時(shí))attheendoftheday，we'dgreethimatthedoor.③Thefirsttimehecametothecity(他第一次來到那個(gè)城市時(shí))，hedecidedtosettlethere.④Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto(你什么時(shí)候想回來)．授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第138頁[教材與高考]Ⅰ.閱讀理解障礙詞1．閱讀詞匯認(rèn)知①(2024·高考天津卷)Itpreventspeoplewhoarecutofffromsocietyfallingvictimtocheaters.n.犧牲品②(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Theecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物種)．It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.vt.應(yīng)付③(2024·高考全國卷)However，whensomethingdidinterestme，Icouldbecomeabsorbed.adj.用心致志的④(2015·高考天津卷)Theauthor'smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinordertohelpcurehimofhisreadingproblem.vt.矯正⑤(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.v.抽；吸取2．一詞多義①(2024·高考浙江卷)Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten，eight，andsix—hadpickeditup，butthegirlssaidtheyhadn't.AA．vt.懷疑；猜疑(是) B．vt.懷疑……有罪C．n.犯罪嫌疑人②(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.BA．柄；把手 B．處理C．操縱③(北京卷)Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead，theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.AA．吸取 B．理解C．吸引Ⅱ.語言運(yùn)用高頻點(diǎn)1．語法填空①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientific(science)research.②(2024·高考天津卷)ThisledJonestotheconclusion(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity,whoareeasytargetsofcheating.③(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Inanalyzing(analyze)hisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion.④(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Thesekidsaresoabsorbed(absorb)intheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.⑤(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)Turntoanonlineinstructor(instruct)forhelp.2．完形填空①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo，”whoserealnamecannotbeexposedtothepublicbecauseofItaly'sprivacylaws，finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.Asheoftendid,hestoppedbythe“afterworkauction(拍賣)”43bytheItalianpolicewherethingsfoundonthetrainsweresold