新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第8章第08講 直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(練習(xí))(解析版)_第1頁(yè)
新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第8章第08講 直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(練習(xí))(解析版)_第2頁(yè)
新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第8章第08講 直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(練習(xí))(解析版)_第3頁(yè)
新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第8章第08講 直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(練習(xí))(解析版)_第4頁(yè)
新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第8章第08講 直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(練習(xí))(解析版)_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩30頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶(hù)提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

第08講直線(xiàn)與圓錐曲線(xiàn)的位置關(guān)系(模擬精練+真題演練)1.(2023·河南開(kāi)封·統(tǒng)考三模)過(guò)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)F的直線(xiàn)與拋物線(xiàn)在第一象限,第四象限分別交于A,B兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則直線(xiàn)AB的傾斜角為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】分別過(guò)A,B兩點(diǎn)作橫軸的垂線(xiàn),垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線(xiàn)AB的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0,由題意可設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為鈍角,如下圖所示:由SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,在直角三角形中SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C2.(2023·四川遂寧·射洪中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的右焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,若直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0只有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以雙曲線(xiàn)的漸近線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,右焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)橹本€(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0只有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),所以直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與雙曲線(xiàn)的漸近線(xiàn)平行,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.3.(2023·重慶·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知過(guò)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0焦點(diǎn)的直線(xiàn)與拋物線(xiàn)C交于A,B兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,圓SKIPIF1<0,若拋物線(xiàn)C與圓SKIPIF1<0交于P,Q兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,則線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)D的橫坐標(biāo)為(

)A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5【答案】B【解析】圓SKIPIF1<0過(guò)原點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)P,Q之一為原點(diǎn),不妨令點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,依題意,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,于是SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0,所以線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)D的橫坐標(biāo)SKIPIF1<0.故選:B4.(2023·河南·襄城高中校聯(lián)考三模)清代青花瓷蓋碗是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)茶文化的器物載體,具有“溫潤(rùn)”“淡遠(yuǎn)”“清新”的特征.如圖,已知碗體和碗蓋的內(nèi)部均近似為拋物線(xiàn)形狀,碗蓋深為SKIPIF1<0,碗蓋口直徑為SKIPIF1<0,碗體口直徑為SKIPIF1<0,碗體深SKIPIF1<0,則蓋上碗蓋后,碗蓋內(nèi)部最高點(diǎn)到碗底的垂直距離為(碗和碗蓋的厚度忽略不計(jì))(

A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】以碗體的最低點(diǎn)為原點(diǎn),向上方向?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0軸,建立直角坐標(biāo)系,如圖所示.設(shè)碗體的拋物線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),將點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0代入,得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)蓋上碗蓋后,碗蓋內(nèi)部最高點(diǎn)到碗底的垂直距離為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則兩拋物線(xiàn)在第一象限的交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,代入到SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:C5.(2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知兩個(gè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若直線(xiàn)上存在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0,則稱(chēng)該直線(xiàn)為“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”SKIPIF1<0給出下列直線(xiàn):①SKIPIF1<0,②SKIPIF1<0,③SKIPIF1<0,則這三條直線(xiàn)中有幾條“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】由題意知SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)雙曲線(xiàn)的定義,可得點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為焦點(diǎn)的雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的右支,所以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是雙曲線(xiàn)右支與直線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn),即“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”須滿(mǎn)足與雙曲線(xiàn)的右支相交,又由雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的漸近線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0中,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0為雙曲線(xiàn)的一條漸近線(xiàn),直線(xiàn)與雙曲線(xiàn)沒(méi)有公共點(diǎn),如圖所示,所以不是“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”;SKIPIF1<0中,如圖所示,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與雙曲線(xiàn)的右支無(wú)交點(diǎn),所以不是“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”;SKIPIF1<0中,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與雙曲線(xiàn)的右支有一交點(diǎn),如圖所示,所以是“SKIPIF1<0直線(xiàn)”.故選:C.6.(2023·廣東深圳·深圳中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0為拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是(

)A.10 B.9 C.8 D.5【答案】B【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),上式取等號(hào),故SKIPIF1<0.故選:B7.(2023·四川·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于另一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,記坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.5 B.-4 C.3 D.-3【答案】D【解析】由題意得,拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線(xiàn)為SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0,由于A在第一象限,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.8.(2023·陜西咸陽(yáng)·武功縣普集高級(jí)中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在橢圓SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0上,且在第一象限,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0過(guò)原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別作直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的垂線(xiàn),垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率為(

)A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以四邊形SKIPIF1<0為矩形,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0.故選:D9.(多選題)(2023·海南海口·海南華僑中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABD【解析】由題意得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,故解得SKIPIF1<0,所以?huà)佄锞€(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,故A,B正確;由拋物線(xiàn)定義及SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0代入拋物線(xiàn)方程可得SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故C不正確;則SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0,故D正確.故選:ABD.10.(多選題)(2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別是雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0的左、右焦點(diǎn),點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是該雙曲線(xiàn)的一條漸近線(xiàn)上的一點(diǎn),并且以線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0 B.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的橫坐標(biāo)為2或SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0的漸近線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0 D.以線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的方程為SKIPIF1<0【答案】AB【解析】由雙曲線(xiàn)方程知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的漸近線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤;又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓方程為SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤;由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,所以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的橫坐標(biāo)為2或SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故A正確.故選:AB.11.(多選題)(2023·全國(guó)·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的左、右頂點(diǎn)分別為A,B,M是雙曲線(xiàn)右支上一點(diǎn),且在第一象限,線(xiàn)段MA被兩條漸近線(xiàn)三等分,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0的面積為3ab D.若MA垂直于一條漸近線(xiàn),則雙曲線(xiàn)的離心率為3【答案】AB【解析】對(duì)于A:易知直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0分別交直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,如圖所示:將SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0聯(lián)立,解得SKIPIF1<0.將SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0聯(lián)立,解得SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)榫€(xiàn)段MA被兩條漸近線(xiàn)三等分,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,故A正確.對(duì)于B:設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,故B正確.對(duì)于C:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤.對(duì)于D:設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),易知SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以雙曲線(xiàn)的離心率SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤.故選:AB12.(多選題)(2023·遼寧·遼寧實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與圓SKIPIF1<0分別切于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,兩點(diǎn),交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0沒(méi)有公共點(diǎn)B.經(jīng)過(guò)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)的圓的方程為SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】BCD【解析】對(duì)于A,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0是方程的一個(gè)根,所以SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有公共點(diǎn),A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于B,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四點(diǎn)在以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓上,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以圓的方程為SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1<0,B項(xiàng)正確;對(duì)于C,由題得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,C項(xiàng)正確;對(duì)于D,設(shè)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且與圓SKIPIF1<0相切的切線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,D項(xiàng)正確.故選:BCD.13.(2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考一模)已知直線(xiàn)l過(guò)拋物線(xiàn)C:SKIPIF1<0的的焦點(diǎn)且與C交于A,B兩點(diǎn),線(xiàn)段AB中點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)3,則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】8【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0中SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:8.14.(2023·陜西咸陽(yáng)·武功縣普集高級(jí)中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)交拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題意知SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0的方程,得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.15.(2023·河南新鄉(xiāng)·新鄉(xiāng)市第一中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的離心率為3,焦點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0上.若SKIPIF1<0的周長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的面積是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)殡p曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的離心率為3,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0的周長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由雙曲線(xiàn)的定義得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,由余弦定理得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<016.(2023·遼寧·大連二十四中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0在橢圓SKIPIF1<0上運(yùn)動(dòng),且SKIPIF1<0,延長(zhǎng)SKIPIF1<0至SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0與橢圓SKIPIF1<0的交點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)檠娱L(zhǎng)SKIPIF1<0至SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0與橢圓SKIPIF1<0的交點(diǎn),所以設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因此有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在橢圓上,所以SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn),得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在橢圓SKIPIF1<0上運(yùn)動(dòng),所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,于是有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.17.(2023·四川綿陽(yáng)·綿陽(yáng)南山中學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校??寄M預(yù)測(cè))設(shè)橢圓SKIPIF1<0的左、右焦點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0是橢圓上的一點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0.(1)求橢圓SKIPIF1<0的離心率;(2)平面上點(diǎn)B滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0,過(guò)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0平行的直線(xiàn)交SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,求橢圓SKIPIF1<0的方程.【解析】(1)由題設(shè)SKIPIF1<0及SKIPIF1<0,不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍去),從而SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0代入整理得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以離心率SKIPIF1<0.(2)由(1)問(wèn)可設(shè)橢圓方程為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為平行四邊形,所以直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0過(guò)SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0斜率為SKIPIF1<0,則設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立橢圓方程得SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(負(fù)值舍去),所以SKIPIF1<0,所以橢圓方程為SKIPIF1<0.18.(2023·河南·襄城高中校聯(lián)考三模)已知拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的頂點(diǎn)在坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),焦點(diǎn)在SKIPIF1<0軸的正半軸上,圓SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過(guò)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn).(1)求SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)若直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0相交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),過(guò)SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)分別作拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的切線(xiàn),兩條切線(xiàn)相交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0面積的最小值.【解析】(1)由題意,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)閳ASKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過(guò)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)如圖所示,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程組SKIPIF1<0整理得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以?huà)佄锞€(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的過(guò)點(diǎn)A的切線(xiàn)方程是SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0代入上式整理得SKIPIF1<0,同理可得拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的切線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0到直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的距離SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0面積的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.19.(2023·山西·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知橢圓SKIPIF1<0的離心率為SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的右焦點(diǎn),過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作與SKIPIF1<0軸不重合的直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,交SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0軸平行時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的左頂點(diǎn),直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0分別交直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),求SKIPIF1<0的值.【解析】(1)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0軸平行時(shí),直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在橢圓上,代入橢圓方程得SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)殡x心率SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,由橢圓SKIPIF1<0的方程得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)直線(xiàn)斜率不存在時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,同理SKIPIF1<0.若直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0斜率存在時(shí),設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,同理SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.綜上,得SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<020.(2023·海南省直轄縣級(jí)單位·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0分別為橢圓SKIPIF1<0的左,右頂點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為其右焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,且點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在橢圓SKIPIF1<0上.(1)求橢圓SKIPIF1<0的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程;(2)若過(guò)SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與橢圓SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0與以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),證明:SKIPIF1<0為定值.【解析】(1)由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在橢圓SKIPIF1<0上,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以橢圓SKIPIF1<0的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)證明:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0軸重合時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0不與SKIPIF1<0軸重合時(shí),設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0整理得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0圓心SKIPIF1<0到直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0為定值.21.(2023·陜西咸陽(yáng)·武功縣普集高級(jí)中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線(xiàn)與SKIPIF1<0軸交于SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)若SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0被以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓截得的弦長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1<0,被拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0截得的弦長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的最小值.【解析】(1)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則中點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,①又SKIPIF1<0,②由①②解得SKIPIF1<0;(2)由(1)知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的方程為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0(滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0),則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.22.(2023·安徽安慶·安慶一中??既#┮阎獧E圓SKIPIF1<0過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),橢圓的離心率為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0.(1)求橢圓SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)設(shè)P為橢圓SKIPIF1<0上第一象限內(nèi)任意一點(diǎn),直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與y軸交于點(diǎn)M,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與x軸交于點(diǎn)N,求證:四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積為定值.【解析】(1)根據(jù)題意可知SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,即可得SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0;即橢圓SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)證明:由(1)可知SKIPIF1<0,如下圖所示:設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0;易知直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0;同理直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0;由題意解得SKIPIF1<0;所以可得SKIPIF1<0,四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0又SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,即四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積為定值.1.(2022?新高考Ⅱ)已知直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與橢圓SKIPIF1<0在第一象限交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0軸、SKIPIF1<0軸分別相交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的方程為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0.【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,線(xiàn)段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,相減可得:SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,化為:SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.2.(2023?新高考Ⅰ)在直角坐標(biāo)系SKIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0軸的距離等于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的距離,記動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的軌跡為SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)已知矩形SKIPIF1<0有三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)在SKIPIF1<0上,證明:矩形SKIPIF1<0的周長(zhǎng)大于SKIPIF1<0.【解析】(1)設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,由題意得SKIPIF1<0,兩邊平方可得:SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)得:SKIPIF1<0,符合題意.故SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)解法一:不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)在SKIPIF1<0上,且SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.由題意,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0,于是SKIPIF1<0.此時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0.于是SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0.顯然,SKIPIF1<0為最小值點(diǎn).故SKIPIF1<0,故矩形SKIPIF1<0的周長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1<0.注意這里有兩個(gè)取等條件,一個(gè)是SKIPIF1<0,另一個(gè)是SKIPIF1<0,這顯然是無(wú)法同時(shí)取到的,所以等號(hào)不成立,命題得證.解法二:不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0上,SKIPIF1<0不在拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0上,欲證命題為SKIPIF1<0.由圖象的平移可知,將拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0看作SKIPIF1<0不影響問(wèn)題的證明.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,平移坐標(biāo)系使SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),則新拋物線(xiàn)方程為SKIPIF1<0,寫(xiě)為極坐標(biāo)方程,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.欲證明的結(jié)論為SKIPIF1<0,也即SKIPIF1<0.不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,將不等式左邊看成關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù),根據(jù)絕對(duì)值函數(shù)的性質(zhì),其最小值當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取得,因此欲證不等式為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)均值不等式,有SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,由題意,等號(hào)不成立,故原命題得證.3.(2023?新高考Ⅱ)已知雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0中心為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),左焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,離心率為SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)記SKIPIF1<0的左、右頂點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)與SKIPIF1<0的左支交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0在第二象限,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0在定直線(xiàn)上.【解析】(1)雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0中心為原點(diǎn),左焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,離心率為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故雙曲線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0;(2)證明:過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線(xiàn)與SKIPIF1<0的左支交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),則可設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,記SKIPIF1<0的左,右頂點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)整理可得,SKIPIF1<0,故△SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0方程SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在定直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0上運(yùn)動(dòng).4.(2023?甲卷)設(shè)拋物線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為拋物線(xiàn)上的兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0面積的最小值.【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,△SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(2)由(1)知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,顯然直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的斜率不可能為零,設(shè)直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,△SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,代入得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0.5.(2023?天津)設(shè)橢圓SKIPIF1<0的左、右頂點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,右焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(Ⅰ)求橢圓方程及其離心率;(Ⅱ)已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是橢圓上一動(dòng)點(diǎn)(不與頂點(diǎn)重合),直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0軸于

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶(hù)所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶(hù)因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論