【外刊拓展閱讀】-清明節(jié)-雙語課件

TombSweepingDay中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日高考題型開發(fā)余杭區(qū)杭州二中樹蘭高級中學(xué)郭合英contents1.TheoriginofQingmingFestival2.ThelegendofQingmingFestival3.ThedevelopmentofQingmingFestival4.ThecustomsofQingmingFestival5.ThepoemsofQingmingFestival6.Honorthedead,honortheheroes

TombSweepingDayisnotonlyoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals,butalsothemostimportant1(sacrifice)festival.ItfallsoneitherApril4thor5thofthesolarcalenda.Onthatday,sweepingthetombsand2(pay)respecttothedeadwithofferingsarethetwoimportantpracticestorememberlaterelatives.ThousandsofChinesepeoplevisitcemeteries3(clean)thegravesoftheirlovedones.TheChineseholdgreatrespectfortheirancestorsandtheyoung4(teach)topraytothefamilyspirits.Thefestivalisthe5thofthe24solarterms,5marksachangeinweather,whentemperaturesbegintorisenationwideandrainfall6(increase).Itmeansit’s__7__goodtimeforspringploughing,andit’sduringthespringofChina,soitisalsocalled“hikingday”.Peoplegotothesuburbsforanoutinginspring.PeoplelovetoflykitesduringtheQingmingfestival.Thewillowisregarded8thesymboloflightandenemyofdarknessinChineseculture.OnQingming,willowtwigsand9(branch)arehungindoorwaystowardofftheevilspirits.10,willowbranchesarealsoknownas“ghostterrorwood”.TheintroductionofQingmingFestival---高考題型開發(fā)：語篇填空sacrificialtocleanaretaughtwhichaasThereforepayingincreasesbranches1.TheoriginofQingmingFestival---高考題型開發(fā)：語篇填空TombSweepingDayalsocalledQingmingFestivalisnotonlyatimetorememberthedeadandthedearlydeparted,butalsoaperiodtohonorandtopayrespect1___theirdeceasedancestorsandfamilymembers.Ithasalonghistory,2(originate)thefuneralsofemperors,generalsandministersinancienttimes.Therituals(儀式)3

（perform）atthesefuneralslaterbecamepopularamongordinarypeople.Overtime,thetraditionofofferingsacrificestothe4(ancestor)andsweepingtombs5(pass)downfromgenerationtogenerationandevolvedintoacustom6(wide)observedbytheChinesenation.Thisfestivalfallsinearlyspring,onthe106thdayafterthewintersolstice(冬至).Becauseitcarriesforwardthefilialpiety（孝順）,QingmingFestivalisamajorChinesefestival.TombSweepingDayisalso7happyfestivalforpeopletogetclosetonature,8(go)hikingandenjoythefunofspring.Withthe9(history)development,theQingmingFestivalcombinesavarietyoffolkcustoms10one,withextremelyrichculturalconnotation(涵義).tooriginatingperformedwidelyhistoricalintoaancestorswaspassedgo2.ThelegendofQingmingFestival介子推和重耳介子推介子推背母2.ThelegendofQingmingFestival

---高考題型開發(fā)：七選五QingmingFestivalisatimetorememberthedeadandthedearlydeparted.1__Itisanoccasionforthewholefamilytoleavethehomeandtosweepthegravesoftheirforebears(祖先).

2There’salegendthatJiesavedhisstarvinglord’slifebyservingapieceofhisownleg.Whenthelordsucceedinbecomingtherulerofasmallprincipality,heinvitedhisfaithfulfollowertojoinhim.3BelievingthathecouldforceJieoutbyburningthemountain,thelordorderedhismentosettheforestonfire.Tohisconsternation(驚愕),Jiechosetoremainwherehewasandwasburnttodeath.TocommemorateJie,thelordorderedallfiresineveryhometobeputoutontheanniversaryofJie'sdeath.4___The“coldfood”festivaloccursontheeveofQingmingFestivalandisoftenconsideredaspartofQingmingFestival.5Whateverpracticeisobserved,thebasicobservationofQingmingFestivalistorememberone’seldersbymakingaspecialefforttovisittheirgraves,ashesorancestraltablets.Tomakethevisitevenmoremeaningful,sometimeshouldbespentremindingtheyoungermembersofthefamilyofthelivesDGCEBandcontributionsoftheirancestors,andthestoryoftheirancestors,andthestoryofJieZituiwhochoosedeathovercapitulation(投降).A.Theyoungshouldbetaughttopayrespecttotheirforebears.B.Astimepassesby,theQingmingFestivalreplacedthe“coldfood”festival.C.However,Jiedeclinedhisinvitation,preferringtoleadahermit’slifewithhismotherinthemountain.D.Moreimportantly,itisaperiodtohonorandpayrespecttoone’sdeceasedancestorsandfamilymembers.E.Thusbeganthe“coldfoodfeast”,adaywhennofoodcouldbecookedsincenofirecouldbelit.F.Withtimepassingby,theQingmingFestivalbecomesananniversaryforJieZitui.G.TheoriginisassociatedwithJieZitui,wholivedinShanxiProvincein600B.C.3.ThedevelopmentofQingmingFestivalTombSweepingDayoccursaroundApril5thoftheGregoriancalendar.Traditionally,10daysbeforeand8(or10)daysafterTombSweepingDaycanbecountedastheTombSweepingDayFestival.TombSweepingDay,whichisthe5thoftheChina’s24SolarTerms(節(jié)氣),hasitsrootsintheShangDynasty.Whenspringisintheair,everything,whetherplantorhuman,wavesgoodbyetothebleakmemoryofwinterandembracesthebloomingprospectofspring.InancienttimesthedaybeforeTombSweepingDaywasHanwhaDay(literally,adaywithcoldfoodonly),saidtobeamemorialdayforJieZitui.Later,HanwhaDayandTombSweepingDaywerecombinedintotheonefestival.ThecustomofsweepingtombswasobservedonHanshiDayduringtheTangDynastyperiod,butfollowingtheSongDynastytheactivitywasdeferred(推遲)tothefollowingTombSweepingDay.Itissaidthat"Qingming"wasusedtocelebratethesuccessoffloodcontrolandimplytheideaofpeacefulnessafterYutheGreatintroducedfloodcontrolsystems.Duringthisbeautifulseason,flowersblossomandeverythingbrimswithvitality,3.ThedevelopmentofQingmingFestival---高考題型開發(fā)：閱讀理解definitelyagoodtimeforoutings.ThetraditionofspringoutingscanbetracedbacktotheTangDynasty.Apartfromenjoyinggloriousnaturalscenery,outingsinvolvemanyotheractivities.TombsweepingwasoriginallysupposedtobeundertakenonHanwhaDay,thedaybeforetheFestival.TheTangEmperororderedpeopletooffersacrificestotheirancestorsandsweeptombsonthatday.However,QingmingfollowsHanwhaDayclosely,andsotombsweepingwasthencombinedintoone.DuringtheMingandtheQingdynastiesthecustomoftombsweepingbecameincreasedpopular.Inancienttimeschildrenwouldflykites.SomeofthekitescarriedflutesthatmadesoundsthatbeararesemblancetothoseofChineseZheng.ThisissaidtobethereasonwhykitesweregiventheChinesename"fengzheng".Manycustomshavelapsed,suchaswearingwillowgarlands,shootingthewillowandplayingonswings.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,TombSweepingDaywasthemostvaluedintheLiaoDynastywheneveryonefromgovernmentofficialsintheroyalcourttothemasses,wouldplayonswingsandgoonexcursions(旅游)inthespring.HowlongdoestheTombSweepingDaylast?Justoneday---April5thB.About10daysAbout20daysD.About8days2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?TombSweepingDayisamemorialdayforJieZitui.ThespringoutingsoriginatedfromtheTangDynasty.HanwhaDayandTombSweepingDaywasonthesamedayinancienttimes.AllofthekitescarriedflutesthatmadesoundsduringtheMingandtheQingdynasties.3.Theunderlinedword“l(fā)apsed”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby“

”.changedB.savedC.continuedD.disappeared4.Whatcanbethebesttileforthetext?ThecontributionofJieZituiThelegendoftheTombSweepingDayTheevolutionoftheTombSweepingDayD.

TheprocessofobservingtheTombSweepingDay4.ThecustomsofQingmingFestival

清明節(jié)的習(xí)俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃草，還有踏青、蕩秋干、蹴鞠、打馬球插柳等一系列風(fēng)俗體育活動。相傳這是因為清明節(jié)要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷餐傷身，所以大家來參加一些體育活動，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個節(jié)日中既有生別死離的悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡聲，是一個很有特色的節(jié)日。ThecustomsoftheQingmingFestivalarerichlyinteresting,inadditiontopayingattentiontothefire,thegrave,andouting,swing,agamecalledcuju,playingpolo,inserted-liu.Thisisbecausetomb-sweepingisadayforpeoplefromthefire.Inordertopreventacoldbuffetfrominjuringbody,everyonetakespartinsomeofthesportsactivitiestoexercise.Therefore,thisfestivaloffersbothsacrificestopayrespectstoadeadpersonathistombandenjoythelaughterofanoutinginspring,whichisaveryspecialholiday.4.ThecustomsofQingmingFestival---題型開發(fā)：根據(jù)要求，補(bǔ)全句子掃墓TombsweepingThemajorcustominQingmingFestivalistosweeptombs.

(按照)folkreligion,thespiritsofdeceasedancestorsstillliveundergroundandlookafterthefamily;thetombs

(say)tobetheirhouses;thusitisveryimportanttokeepthetombsclean.TheQingmingFestivalisspent________(honor)thedead,whichisoneofmanywaysgoodConfucians（儒家）demonstratefilialpiety（孝順）.Onthisday,peoplevisittheirfamilygraves

(remove)anyunderbrushthathasgrown，uprootweedsnearthegravesites,wipethetombstones(墓碑)anddecoratethetombstoneswithfreshflowers.Andthentheywill

（擺上）offeringsoffoodandpapermoney.

清明最主要的習(xí)俗是掃墓。根據(jù)民間宗教，逝去的祖先依然在地下照顧我們，墓就是他們的家，所以我們需要保持墓的清潔。

清明是為了紀(jì)念逝者，這也是儒家所崇尚的孝道。這天，人們上墳去拔掉墳邊長出的灌木和雜草，擦干凈墓碑并用鮮花點(diǎn)綴，然后擺上供品，燒點(diǎn)紙錢。Accordingtoaresaidhonoringtoremovesetout秋千Swing蕩秋千是我國古代清明節(jié)習(xí)俗。秋千，意即揪著皮繩而遷移。它的歷史很古老，最早叫千秋，后為了避忌諱，改為秋千。打秋千不僅可以增進(jìn)健康，而且可以培養(yǎng)勇敢精神，至今為人們特別是兒童所喜愛。

ToswingisourancientcustomonQingmingFestivalinourChina.Swingmeansclenchingleatherstring__________(migrate).Itshistoryisveryold,theearliest

(know)“futuregeneration”,thelatterinordertoavoidtaboo(禁忌),replacedbyswing.Notonly

swingimprovethehealth,butalsocancultivatethebravespirit,

(love)bypeople,especiallychildren.tomigrateknowncanloved蹴鞠Cuju鞠是一種皮球,用皮革做成，球內(nèi)用毛塞緊。蹴，就是用腳去踢球?！磅砭稀本褪侵腹湃艘阅_蹴、蹋、踢皮球的活動，類似今日的足球。這是古代清明節(jié)時人們喜愛的一種游戲。相傳是黃帝發(fā)明的，最初的目的是用來訓(xùn)練武士?！癑u”isaballwithleatherskinmade,theballinsidewithwool

（plug）.“Cu”means

(kick)somethingwithfoot.Cujuisagamelikefootball.ItisancientfavoritegameduringTombSweepingDays.Legendhasit______

theinventionoftheyellowemperor,originalpurposeisused

(train)warrior.kickingpluggedthattotrain踏青Outing

踏青又叫春游，古時叫探春、尋春等。三月清明，春回大地，自然界到處呈現(xiàn)一派生機(jī)勃勃的景象，正是郊游的大好時光。我國民間長期保持著清明踏青的習(xí)慣。Inancienttimes,springouting

(call)TanChun,XunChun,etc.OnTombSweepingDay,springwarmstheearth,natureavibrant(有活力的)pictureeverywhere,itisanexcellenttime______

outing.China’sfolksocietylongmaintainsthehikershabits.wascalledfor植樹Plantingtrees清明前后,種植樹苗成活率高。因此,自古以來,我國就有清明植樹的習(xí)慣。有人還把清明節(jié)叫作"植樹節(jié)”。1979年，人大常委會規(guī)定，每年三月十二日為我國植樹節(jié)。這對動員全國各族人民積極開展綠化祖國活動，有著十分重要的意義。AroundTombSweepingDay,thesurvivalrateofplantingseedlingsishigh.Therefore,ourcountry

（develop）thehabitofplantingtreessincetheancienttimes,somepeople______(call)theQingmingFestival‘ArborDay’(植樹節(jié)).In1979,accordingtotheNationalPeople’sCongress,March12ofeachyearisChina’s“ArborDay”.Itis

greatsignificancetomobilize(動員)thepeopleofallethnic（民族的）groupsto

(active)carryouttheactivitiesofgreeningthemotherland.hasdevelopedcallingofactively放風(fēng)箏Flyingakite放風(fēng)箏也是清明時節(jié)人們所喜愛的活動。每逢清明時節(jié)，人們不僅白天放，夜間也放。晚上，風(fēng)箏下一串串彩色的小燈籠，象閃爍的明星，被稱為“神燈”。過去，有的人把風(fēng)箏放上藍(lán)天后，便剪斷牽線，任憑清風(fēng)把它們送往天涯海角。據(jù)說這樣能除病消災(zāi)，給自己帶來好運(yùn)。

Flyingakiteisenjoyedbypeople.EveryQingmingDay,peopleflykitesnotonlyduringtheday,

atnight.The

smallcolorfullanterns

(attach)tothekitesstringslikethetwinklingstarsarecalled“theabsolutebeinglight”.Inthepast,somepeopleputakiteonthebluesky,thencutthewireandletthewindsendthemtotheendsoftheEarth.

issaidthatthiscanexceptdiseasedisaster,

(bring)yougoodluck.attachedbringingItbut(also)品茶ATimetoTasteTeaQingmingFestivalisalsoatimetoenjoyacupoftea,becausethetea___1___(produce)aroundQingmingFestivalissaidtobewithhigh-quality.Thepluckingofteausuallytakesplaceinspring,summer2autumn.Tealeaves3differentseasonshavedifferentappearancesandinnerquality.Tealeavespluckedinspring,fromearlyMarchtotheQingmingFestival,4(call)“pre-mingtea”or“firsttea.”___5___(it)colorislightjadegreen,and___6___（taste)purewithatouchofacerbity(苦,澀).TwoweeksafterQingming,itistheGuyusolartermontheChineselunarcalendar.Duringthistime,theJiangnanareawillexperiencearoundoffineprecipitation(沉淀物)forthemoisteningofcrops.Andthisbringsforththe__7__(two)peakseasonofteapicking.Tealeavescollected__8__theQingmingbutbeforeGuyuarecalled“pre-raintea,”

andthespringteapickedafterthatarecalled“post-raintea.”Springtea’s____9___(price)usuallyvaryaccordingtothetimethetealeaveswerepicked,withthepricesbeinghigherfor___10___(early)teaandlowerforthelater.Inmostcases,early-springgreenteaisthebestinqualityamongallavailabletea.producedandarecalledtastesfrom/insecondafterearlierItsprices清明杜牧清明時節(jié)雨紛紛，路上行人欲斷魂。借問酒家何處有?牧童遙指杏花村。TheMourningDyDuMu許淵沖譯AdrizzlingrainfallsliketearsontheMourningDay;Themourner’sheartisbreakingonhisway.Wherecanawinehousebefoundtodrownhissadness?Acowherdpointstoacotamidapricotflowers.5.ThepoemsofQingmingFestival寒食(唐)韓翃春城無處不飛花，寒食東風(fēng)御柳斜。日暮漢宮傳蠟燭，輕煙散入五侯家。AfterTheDayOfNoFireTranslatedbyHuZhuangziPetalsofspringflyallthroughthecity,FromthewindinthewillowsoftheImperialRiver.Andatdusk,fromthepalace,candlesaregivenout,TolightfirstthemansionsoftheFiveGreatLords.6.Honorthedead,honortheheroes緬懷先烈，致敬英雄

革命先烈們，為了人民的幸福、民族的解放和國家的富強(qiáng)，英勇戰(zhàn)斗，直到流盡最后一滴血，永遠(yuǎn)長眠于我們腳下的這片熱土。他們用殷紅的鮮血，書寫了愛國主義最壯麗的詩篇！他們是中國的脊梁，是民族的驕傲！他們的名字是黃繼光，董存瑞，邱少云，劉胡蘭，王二小，雷鋒┄┄

Forthehappinessofthepeople,theliberationofthenationandtheprosperityofthecountry，Martyrs（先烈）foughtbravelyuntiltheirlastdropofbloodwasshed,theylyingbeneaththepieceofland.Theyusedthescarletbloodtowritedownthemostmagnificentpoemofp