初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)《Unit 6 When was it invented？》被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊情況及詞匯探究 課件

帶著目標(biāo)努力，帶著夢(mèng)想飛翔學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)SectionA語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)課1.通過(guò)合作探究掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法。2.通過(guò)合作探究掌握so/such，sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes,takeplace/happen,及Itissaid/believed

that…

等單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型的運(yùn)用。3.培養(yǎng)與他人合作探究分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題

的能力。要求：1.積極參與，熱烈討論，大聲表達(dá)自己的思想。

2.組長(zhǎng)控制好討論節(jié)奏，先一對(duì)一分層討論，不會(huì)的或有疑問(wèn)的在小組內(nèi)集中討論；小組仍然解決不了的做好記錄提交給老師，以備集中解決。3.組長(zhǎng)宏觀調(diào)控，導(dǎo)學(xué)案上每一個(gè)問(wèn)題組內(nèi)都要形成統(tǒng)一的意見(jiàn)。智慧碰撞內(nèi)容：探究點(diǎn)一、二

、三。注意：討論完成的組改正答案，鞏固落實(shí)。（5分鐘）一、下列情況要用被動(dòng)句：1.執(zhí)行者不明時(shí)eg:Tom’smotherwassaved.2.沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出執(zhí)行者eg:Thebridgewasbuiltin1985.3.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者

eg:Englishiswidelyusedasasecondlanguageallovertheworld.ThecupwasbrokenbyTom’sbrother.4.習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，表示客觀的說(shuō)明,常見(jiàn)于下列句型：

It’ssaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)It’sbelievedthat…大家相信

Itisknownthat…眾所周知Itisunknownthat…鮮為人知

It’ssuggestedthat…有人建議It’sreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道Itissupposedthat…據(jù)猜測(cè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(二)二、下列情況不用被動(dòng)句：系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)(look,feel,smell,sound，taste,get,turn,

become)2.不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)。（happen,takeplace,appear）3.賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞時(shí)無(wú)被動(dòng)。eg.Hetaughthimselfmathswhenhewasyoung.4.賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)無(wú)被動(dòng)。eg.ThechildenjoyswatchingTV.5.表某物的性能特點(diǎn)時(shí),用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。這種情況的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般是：Sth+v.+ad.eg.Thebookssellwell.這些書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo)。Thecardrivesfast.這輛車(chē)開(kāi)得快。Theglassbreakseasily.這種玻璃易碎。Thispenwriteswell.這支鋼筆好寫(xiě)。6.特殊短語(yǔ)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：beworthdoing(值得做)，

need/wantdoing(需要被做)eg.Thebookisworth___________.這本書(shū)值得一讀。

Theflowersneed___________.這些花需要澆水。readingwatering三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊情況1.含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)有兩種情況：(雙賓：即直接賓語(yǔ)“物”和間接賓語(yǔ)“人”)⑴把指人的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，指物的直接賓語(yǔ)保留不動(dòng)（常用這種）

Shegaveme

adictionary.→_______________

adictionarybyher.(賓語(yǔ)me變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)成_____格)⑵把指物的直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ),那么動(dòng)詞后要加上相應(yīng)的介詞to/for,再跟指人的間接賓語(yǔ)。例如：

Shegavemeadictionary.→Adictionary___________________byher.Motherboughtusabigpresent.→Abigpresent____________________bymother.I主wasgivenwasgiventomewasboughtforus其方法簡(jiǎn)而言之：含雙賓的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)，sb.提前，sth.不變；sth.提前，sb.前加to或for.常見(jiàn)的接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:give,pass,show,bring,lend,send,teach,offer,tell等與介詞to搭配，意為：給；buy,get,pay,cook,make,draw等與介詞for搭配，意為：為。2.主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))時(shí),變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種情況需特別注意。⑴主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+n./adj./todo/doing，變?yōu)楸毁e補(bǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，把賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ)保持不變。例如：①Wekeepfoodcoldinthefridge.→

Food_______________inthefridge.

iskeptcold②HismotherfoundTomaverygoodboy.→Tomwasfoundaverygoodboy

byhismother.③MissYanoftenasksthestudentstoanswerthequestionsinEnglish.→ThestudentsareoftenaskedtoanswerthequestionsinEnglishbyMissYan.④Tom’sfathersawTomsittingonsomeeggs.

→Tomwasseensittingonsomeeggsbyhisfather.（類(lèi)似的結(jié)構(gòu)有beheard/seen/watched/noticeddoingsth）⑵感官動(dòng)詞（hear,see,watch,find,notice,listento,lookat,）和使役動(dòng)詞（let,have,make,但let和have一般不用被動(dòng)）后一般接動(dòng)詞原形作賓補(bǔ)（如：hear/see/makesbdo），變成被動(dòng)時(shí)要在動(dòng)詞原形前加to.(如：beheard/seen/madetodo)例如①Johnmadetheworkerswork24hours.→Theworkers________________24hoursbyJohn.②Someonesaw

him

enteryourroom.→____________________yourroom.weremadetoworkHe

wasseentoenter賓格變主格3.除了單一的及物動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)外,一些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但整個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)要看成一個(gè)整體,不能分開(kāi).

例如：①Someoneturnedoffthelight.→Thelight_______________(bysomeone).②Wecantakegoodcareofyourbabyhere.→Yourbaby_________________________here.③Wecan’tlaughathim.→_____________________________.wasturnedoffcanbetakengoodcareofHecan’tbelaughedat4.如果主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，如賓語(yǔ)從句，變成被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用形式主語(yǔ)it,其中that不能省略。

eg.Hesaid(that)hewouldcomebackthenextmorning.

→________________hewouldcomebackthenext據(jù)說(shuō)morning.

類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：眾所周知_______________________；鮮為人知_____________________;據(jù)報(bào)道____________________;據(jù)猜測(cè)_______________________ItissaidthatItisknownthat…Itisunknownthat…Itisreportedthat…；Itissupposedthat…5.對(duì)被動(dòng)句中的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者提問(wèn)，有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：Who/Whom…by?

和Bywhom…?eg.Whowrotethisbook?→________________thisbook___________?______________thisbook_________?6.被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：be+done不一定是被動(dòng)，某些詞的過(guò)去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，放在be動(dòng)詞后叫系表結(jié)構(gòu)，而不是被動(dòng)。（be+pleased/excited/interested/surprised/worried/amazed）

eg.Thecupisbroken.(系表)Thecupisbrokenbyme.（被動(dòng)）

Thewindowisclosed.(系表)Thewindowisclosedbythatboy.（被動(dòng)）Who/WhomwaswrittenbyBywhomwaswritten7.過(guò)去分詞（done）做賓補(bǔ)，含被動(dòng)的意思。make/have/getsb/sthdone(使某人/某事被做)

動(dòng)詞原形(do)和現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做賓補(bǔ)含主動(dòng)的意思。eg.用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①I(mǎi)trytospeakloudtomakemyself________.(hear)②Itrytospeakloudtomakeothers______me.(hear)③Ihavemyhomework______byotherseveryday.(do)④Myfatherhasme____alotofhomeworkeveryday.(do)heardheardonedo8.過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：①過(guò)去分詞(done)做定語(yǔ)，含被動(dòng)的意思,現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做定語(yǔ)含主動(dòng)的意思。

eg.thebookwrittenbyLuXun魯迅寫(xiě)的書(shū)（被動(dòng)）

runningwater在流動(dòng)的水（主動(dòng)）②過(guò)去分詞(done)做定語(yǔ)，含已完成之意,現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做定語(yǔ)含正在做之意。eg.developedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家

developingcountries發(fā)展中國(guó)家即時(shí)練習(xí):II.按要求完成下列句子：Beeperswereusedforgettingmessages.(變否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、肯否回答及劃線部分提問(wèn))Beepers____________forgettingmessages.(變否)______beepers_______forgettingmessages.?(變疑)Yes,_______________.____________beepersusedfor?(劃線部分提問(wèn))2.Heplanted10treeslastSunday.(變成被動(dòng))10trees_________________lastSunday(byhim).3.Wesawtheboyplayingsocceryesterday.(變成被動(dòng))Theboy________________socceryesterday.4.Mymotherboughtmeapen.(變成被動(dòng))I_____________apen_____mymother.Apen_______________________me.weren'tusedWereusedtheywereWhatwerewereplantedwasseenplayingwasboughtbywasboughtfor5.Theteachertakesgoodcareofthechildreneveryday.(變成被動(dòng))Thechildren______________good____________________theteachereveryday.6.Mybrotheroftenmakesmecry.(變成被動(dòng))I_______often____________cry.7.Whowrotethisbook?(變成被動(dòng))_____________________thisbook______?_____/_____________thisbook___________?8.WeallknowthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.(變成被動(dòng))_________________Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.aretakencareofbyammadetoBywhomwaswrittenWhoWhomwaswrittenbyIt'sknownthatⅢ.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.English_____inmostmiddleschoolsinChina.A.speakB.speaksC.isspeakingD.isspoken()2.Thebridgeovertheriver______morethanfiftyyearsago.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuiltDB()3.Mustolderpeople______topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken()4.Badthings_______intogoodthings.A.canturnedB.canbeturnedC.canturnD.canbeturn()5.Anewschool___inmyhometownlastyear.A.setupB.wassetupC.issetupD.hassetup()6.Ithinkmuchattentionmust____yourhealth.A.bepaidB.paidtoC.bepaidtoD.pay()7.Didyouhearthattheman____tothepolicestationyesterday?A.tookB.wastakenC.takenD.istaking()8.Thisstory__inParisbeforetheFirstWorldWar.A.happensB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happenedDBBCBD()9.Thebaby________bythenurse.A.waslookedafterB.waslookedC.lookedafterD.waslookedat()10.Themissingboywaslastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay()11.Thespeakerraised(提高)hisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself______.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard()12.Johnwasmade____theclothesforaweek.A.washingB.towashC.washD.tobewashing()13.Thechildrenareoftenasked______loudlyinthelibrary.Theymustkeepquiet.A.tospeakB.nottospeakC.can’tspeakD.notspeakAADBB()14.I______tohaveapart-timejob.

A.amnotallow

B.notallow

C.don’tallow

D.amnotallowed()15.Sixteen-years-oldsshouldn’t_____togotoanInternetbar.

A.beallowed

B.beallow

C.allow

D.areallowed()16._____middleschoolstudentsallowedtousemobilephoneatschool?

A.Do

B.Did

C.Are

D.CanDAC二、詞匯探究1.such,so①單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：such+a/an+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a/an+n.②復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞只能用such③.復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前有many,much,few,little(少的)修飾，只能用so④修飾形容詞、副詞只能用so⑤so/such…that…如此……以至于……即時(shí)練習(xí)：1).翻譯下列短語(yǔ)：①如此有趣的一本書(shū)（2）__________________=____________________②如此干凈的水________________③如此多的牛奶_________________sointerestingabooksuchaninterestingbooksuchcleanwatersomuchmilk④如此少的照片_________________ 如此少的橘汁_________________2).用so/such填空：①Heis_______agoodboy.Heworks____hardthatwealllikehim.②Sheis___niceastudentthateveryonelovesher.③Ihave____littlemoneythatIcan’tbuyanything.④Heis_____alittleboythathecan’tgotoschoolnow.⑤--It’s_____animportantmeetingthatImustgotoit.--Yes,themeetingis____importanttousthatwecan’tmissit.--Yes,it’s____importantameeting.Let’sgonow,althoughwehavetodriveon_____acoldday.sofewphotossolittleorangejuicesuchsosososuchsuchsososuch2.sometime___________,sometime_________,sometimes__________,sometimes__________①I(mǎi)need__________________todomyhomework.②Mymom_________________walkstowork.③IhavebeentoBeijing_________________.Iwillgothereagain__________________nextmonth.3.takeplace,有計(jì)劃、有安排地發(fā)生，由物做主語(yǔ)happen偶然發(fā)生,由物做主語(yǔ)sthhappentosb①Greatchanges__________________inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.②Hecan’tcome.He’sinhospitalnow.Acaraccident_____________tohimyesterday.某時(shí)一段時(shí)間有時(shí)幾次sometimesometimessometimessometimehavetakenplacehappened4.Itissaidthat

aChineserulercalledShenLongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.

Itisbelieved

thatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcentury.

Itissaid/believedthat+句子，相當(dāng)于Peoplesay/believethat+句子，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。類(lèi)似的句型還有：It’sreportedthat…(據(jù)報(bào)道)，It’sknownthat…(眾所周知)。翻譯：大家都知道電話是Bell在1876年發(fā)明的。____________________________________________________________________________________It'sknownthatthetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.4aRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.

Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.

Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?

Wherewerethesephotostaken?4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.

Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.

Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.You_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafepla