江蘇英語(yǔ)高考真題有答案

2017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡

上的指定位置。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類(lèi)型A后的方框涂黑。

2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫(xiě)在試題卷、

草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上

的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡并上交。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題

卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt

A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie

Alt'samusing.B.It,sexciting.C.It,sdisappointing.

2.HowwillSusanspendmostofhertimeinFrance

A.Travelingaround.

B.Studyingataschool.

C.Lookingafterheraunt.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Goingout.

B.Orderingdrinks.

C.Preparingforaparty.

4.Wherearethespeakers

A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookstore.

5.Whatisthemangoingtodo

A.GoontheInternet.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Takeatraintrip.

第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出

最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5

秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wha（isthewomanlookingfor

A.Aninformationoffice.B.Apolicestation.C.Ashoerepairshop.

7.WhatistheTownGuideaccordingtotheman

A.Abrochure.B.Anewspaper.C.Amap.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurant

A.It'sthebiggestonearound.

B.Itoffersmanytastydishes.

C.Itsfamousforitsseafood.

9.Whatwillthewomanprobablyorder

A.Friedfish.B.Roastchicken.C.Beefsteak.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WherewillMr.Whitebeat11o'clock

A.Attheoffice.B.Attheairport.C.Attherestaurant.

1l.WhatwillMr.Whiteprobablydoatoneintheafternoon

A.Receliveaguest.B.Haveameeting.C.Readareport.

12.WhenwillMissWilsonseeMr.White

A.Atlunchtime.

B.Lateintheafternoon.

C.Thcnextmorning.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhyisBillgoingtoGermany

A.Toworkonaproject.

B.TostudyGerman.

C.Tostartanewcompany.

14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany

A.Theweather.B.Thefood.C.Theschools.

15.WhatdoesBillhopetodoabouthisfamily

A.BringthemtoGermany.

B.LeavetheminEngland.

C.Visittheminafewmonths.

16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Fellow-travelers.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

l7.WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuarez

A.Threedaysago.B.Amonthago.C.Ayearago.

18.WhatseasonisitnowinJudrez

A.Spring.B.SummerC.Autumn.

19.Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo

A.Takeawalkintheafternoon.

B.Keeptheirhomescool.

C.Drinkplentyofwater.

2O.Whatisthespeakerdoing

A.Hostingaradioprogram.

B.Conductingaseminar.

C.Forecastingtheweather.

第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）

第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

項(xiàng)涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

答案是B。

21.ManyChinesebrands,theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthe

modernmarket.

A.havingdevelopedB.beingdevelopedC.developedD.developing

22.notfbrthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

A.ItwereB.WereitC.ItwasD.Wasit

23.LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad.JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

A.whyB.whenC.whichD.where

24.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,whichbothwidelyreviewedandhighly

praised,strengthenedDickensstatusasaleadingnovelist.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

25.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasthebestinherasadoctor.

A.heldoutB.broughtoutC.pickedoutD.givenout

26.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepricefbranighthereisdownto$20,halfofitusedtocharge.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how

27.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe.

A.wasbeingfollowedB.wasfollowing

C.hadbeenfollowedD.followed

28.1n1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whom

29.0nlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs'death,smart-phonesdefeatedPCsinsales.

A.controversialB.contradictory

C.confidentialD.conventional

30.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpyouryearahead.

A.shapeB.switchC.stretchD.sharpen

31.He'sbeeninformedthatheforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.

A.hasn'tqualifiedB.hadn'tqualified

C.doesn'tqualifyD.wasn'tqualifying

32.Determiningwhereweareoursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillfbroursurvival.

A.incontrasttoB.indefenseof

C.infaceofD.inrelationto

33.—WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean

—It'snothing.Justsomething.

A.asclearasday

B.offthetopofmyhead

C.undermynose

D.bcyondmywildestdreams

34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But

explanationsarehardtofind.

A.alternativeB.aggressiveC.ambiguousD.apparent

35.—GoingtowatchtheWomen'sVolleyballMatchonWednesday

—!Willyougowithme

A.YouthereB.Youbet

C.YougotmeD.Youknowbetter

第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡

上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

ForalongtimeGabrieldidn'twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabriel

wouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents.36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases.37

atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashe

hatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.

_40__,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwas_41_ofhisschool'sstandardcurriculum,hewasplaying

idly（隨意地）onthepianoandfoundit____42___topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthathe

actually_43_doingit.Hetriedtohidehis_44_pleasurefromthemusicteacher,whohad_45_overto

listen.Hemightnothavedonethisparticularlywell,—46—theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood

___47_andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstore-roomtoseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere_48—

him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello（大提琴）a_49_.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery_50_.

Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas_51_topracticingitsothatwithina

coupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

This_52_,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,_53_hisheavyinstrumentcase

acrossthecampustothe_54_looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft_55_.

36.A.travellingB.marchingC.pacingD.struggling

37.A.risingupB.comingupC.drivingupD.turningLp

38.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.since

39.A.betrayB.acceptC.avoidD.appreciate

40.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ThusD.Moreover

41.A.partB.natureC.basisD.spirit

42.A.complicatedB.safeC.confusingD.easy

43.A.missedB.dislikedC.enjoyedD.denied

44.A.transparentB.obviousC.falseD.similar

45.A.runB.joggedC.jumpedD.wandered

46.A.becauseB.butC.thoughD.so

47.A.earB.tasteC.heartD.voice

48.A.occurredtoB.tooktoC.appealedtoD.heldto

49.A.changeB.chanceC.missionD.function

50.A.seriouslyB.proudlyC.casuallyD.naturally

51.A.committedB.usedC.limitedD.admitted

52.A.provedB.showedC.stressedD.meant

53.A.pushingB.draggingC.liftingD.rushing

54.A.admiringB.pityingC.annoyingD.teasing

55.A.overB.asideC.behindD.out

第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡

上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

CHR0N0L0GICA

----TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistory

DIDYOUKNOW-

?In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina

?WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld

?TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759

CHRONOLOGICAisafascinalifigjourneythroughLime,fiomthefoundationofRometoLhe

creationoftheinternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,

hotairballoons??,andmonkeysinspace.

Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryand

learnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn,talwaysasgoodasitsounds,

howtheHundredYears'Wardicin'tactuallylastfor100yearsand

whySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.

CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,

beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.While

CHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchas

ThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesanaccount

ofthelivesoflesser-knownindividualsincludingtheexplorerMungo

ParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.

Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollection

iscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,

andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggest

historyloverwithsomethingnew!

56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothenext

A.Abiography.B.Atravelguide.

C.Ahistorybook.D.Asciencefiction.

57.HowdoesthewriterrecommendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders

A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.

B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.

C.Byiellingstoriesatthebeginning.

D.Bycomparingitwithotherbooks.

B

Bcfuicbiilli,babiescanIcllllicdiflcicnucbetweenloudsoundsand

voices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother'svoicefromthatofafemale

stranger.Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning（胎教）,birdscouldrule

theroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdvances,some

motherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch（孵化）.Red-backedfairywrens（ftM）,whichl^einnorthernand

easternAustralia,laythreeorfoureggsatatune.

New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom'scallwithinafewdaysof

enteringtheworld.

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKleindorfer,abiologistatFlinders

UniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercolleagues.FemaleAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeat

onesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheireggs.Whentheeggswerehatched,thebabybirdsmadethe

similarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregulart4feedme!”call.

Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughtthered-backedfairy

wren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatafrom67nestsinfoursitesin

Queenslandbeforeandafterhatching.Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberof

notes.Acomputeranalysisblindlycomparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemore

frequentlymothershadcalledtotheireggs,themoresimilarwerethebabies'beggingcalls.Inaddition,the

teamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom's

voicewererewardedwiththemostfood.

Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的）strengths

ofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.**Asaparent,doyouinvestinquality

children,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed“Kleindorferasks."Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbe

goingforquality.*'

58.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraphImeans"”.

A.betheworstB.bethebest

C.betheasbadD.bejustasgood

59.WhatareKleindorfer'sfindingsbasedon

A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsofmomsandchicks.

B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia.

C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland'slocals.

D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds.

60.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich.

A.canreceivequalitysignalsB.areinneedoftraining

C.fittheenvironmentbetterD.make（heloudestcall

C

Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反壟斷）

regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhoccntrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Now

similarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨頭）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.Themost

valuablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.

Suchsituationshaveledtocallsfbrthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime.The

giants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery.Farfrom

chargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree（userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmore

data）.Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.

Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,

changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotarget

advertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationand

visualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies'controlofdatagivesthemenormous

power.Sotheyhavea"God'seyeview“ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.

Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogle

intofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:inlime,oneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.A

rethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.

Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.When

consideringamerger（兼并），fbrexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.They

nowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets（資產(chǎn)）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.The

purchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bornthreat.Whenthistakes

place,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.

Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgive

moretothosewhosupplythem.Companiescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhow

manymoneytheymakeformit.Governmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers*

consent.

RestartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasyButifgovernmentsdon'twantsadata

oconomybyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.

61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants

A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket

B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata

C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices

D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants

62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate

A.Datagiants*technologyisveryexpensive

B.Google'sideaispopularamongdatafirms

C.Datacanstrengthengiants'controllingposition

D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts

63.Bypayingattentiontofirms'dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould.

A.killanewthreatB.avoidthesizetrap

C.favourbiggerfirmsD.chargehigherprices

64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants'controlofdata

A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.

B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.

C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.

D.Smallcompaniescouldgelmoreopportunities.

D

OldProblem,NewApproaches

Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecades

afterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday,wewouldstillfacethe

challengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimate

adaptation.

Whenitcomestoadaptation,itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Weare

thereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisis

why,inpartatleast,theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:"Thereisno'one-sizefitsall'adaDtation.”

Nevertheless,therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.

Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries.Floodshave

becomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereothers

sawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schools,

andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreating

floatingconnectivity（連體）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmore

fundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondspreventstarvationduring

thewetseason.

ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangNorphellivesina

mountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobal

warmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversat

timeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphefsinspirationcamefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,when

itwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthe

spring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation（灌溉）water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,

Norphelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,so

Norphefsicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyears

duringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.

IncreasingEarih'sreflectivenesscancool(heplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseof

greenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledthe

region.WhileSpainasawholeishealingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.This

exampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthe

warmingprocess.

InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechange

havebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethe

life-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof"100

ideastosavetheplanet”.

Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.Afriendofmineownsanareaoflandin

westernVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecade

decliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadapting

likethis-eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense.

ButsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenotWhenthepollutingindustriesarguetharwe'velostthebattleto

controlcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,il'sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusiness

asusual.

Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthe

mostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,if

weadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.

65.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies.

A.adaptationisanever-changingprocess

B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtime

C.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms

D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging

66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan'sproject

A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport.

B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.

C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation.

D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.

67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming

A.Storingiceforfutureuse.

B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.

C.Changingtheirrigationlime.

D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.

68.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample

A.Whitepaintisusuallysafefbrbuildings.

B.Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped.

C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.

D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.

69.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould.

A.adapttocarbonpollution

B.planthighlyprofitablecrops

C.leavecarbonemissionalone

D.fightagainstcarbonpollution

70.What'stheauthor'spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming

A.Sellingupanewstandard.

B.Reducingcarbonemission.

C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.

D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.

第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~學(xué)科&網(wǎng)。

注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線(xiàn)上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。

PopulationChange

Whyistheworld'spopulationgrowingTheanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereasonforthe

explosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlike

flies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasing

healthwasatypicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.

Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5

nowadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld'spopulationliveinregionswherethefigureisnowbelow

thereplacementlevel(i.e.2.1birthsperwoman)andalmostalldevelopednationsareexperiencing

sub-replacementbirthrate.Youmightthinkthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss(especiallysince

80%oftheworld'speoplenowliveinsuchnations),butyou'dbewrong.Decliningbirthrateisamajor

probleminmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithin

afewdecades.

AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.WhatdoesitimplyFirst,

Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomicdevelopmentbeforeapopulationdeclinehitsthecountry.Second,if

otherfactorssuchastechnologyremainconstant,economicgrowthandmaterialexpectationswillfallwell

belowrecentstandardsandthiscouldinvitetrouble.

Russiaisanothercountrywithpopulationproblemsthatcouldbreakitseconomicpromise.Since1992the

numberofpeopledyinghasbeenbiggerthanthatofthosebeingbombyamassive50%.Indeedofficialfigures

suggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein

1961.WhyisthisoccurringNobodyisquitesure,butpoordietandabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuch

todowithit.Ifcurrenttrendsdon'tbend,Russia'spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen'sbytheyear

2050.

InthenorthofIndia,(hepopulationisboomingduetohighbirthrates,butinthesouth,wheremost

economicdevelopmentistakingplace,birthrateisfallingrapidly.Inafurthertwist,birthrateishighestin

poorlyeducatedruralareasandlowestinhighlyeducatedurbanareas.Intotal,25%ofIndia'sworking-age

populationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry'spotentialworkforcecouldbetotallyuneducated.

Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,itisalmostunique

amongdevelopednationsinhavingapopulationthatisexpectedtogrowby20%from2010—2030.Moreover,

theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyacceptingimmigrants.Asaresultit'slikelytosecariseinthesize

ofitsworking-agepopulationand(owitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthelongerterm.

PopulationChange

Thebirthrateinthe21stcenturymaybemuch(71)thanitwasinthe