Unit1Whatsthematter-2021-2022學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解及鞏固練習(xí)（人教版）

八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit1What’sthematter?知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)（含答案）生詞講解mattern.問題；事情v.有關(guān)系，要緊1）詢問某人患了何種疾病/遇到了何種困難：what’sthematter(withsb)?What'sthetrouble(withsb)?What'swrong(withsb)?whathappened(tosb)?注意：trouble/matter是名詞，前可以加the或形容詞性物主代詞，但wrong為adj，不可以加Wehavemoreimportantmatterstothinkabout我們還有更重要的事情去思考Itdoesn’tmatter.沒關(guān)系MrBrownhasafever.(對(duì)畫線部分提問)______________________________________?soreadj疼痛的，酸痛的Mylegs.我腿疼。Ihavea.我嗓子疼。haveacold1)病痛的表達(dá)：havea+病痛患某種病haveafeverhaveasorethroathaveaheadachehaveastomachachehaveacough2)身體部位+ache表示某一種病痛:tooth+ache：toothache牙痛

head+ache：headache頭痛

stomach+ache：stomachache胃痛

back+ache：backache背痛，腰痛3)haveasore+部位...痛haveasorethroat/backliev.躺；平躺；位于過去式lay過去分詞lainv.撒謊lieliedliedn.謊言tellalieliedowne.g.Thelittlegirl________tohermotherthatshe______onthebedallday.restv&n放松休息;剩余部分have/takearest=takeabreak=takebreaks=restYoushouldfinishtherestofyourmeal.hurtv.(使)疼痛；受傷hurthurthurthurtoneself傷到自己eg.Jackhurthimselfwithaknife.(變否定句)eg.Myleghurts.offadv&prep離開；不工作；從...中去掉getoff下車geton上車cutoff切除putoff推遲takeoff起飛turnoff關(guān)閉surprisev.使吃驚→surprisesb使某人吃驚eg.Thebadnewssurprisedme.adj.surprising令人吃驚的（主語是物）adj.surprised吃驚的（主語是人）besurprisedatsth對(duì)……感到吃驚besurprisedtodosth.做某事而感到驚訝besurprised+that從句因...而驚訝toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地①__________________(使我吃驚的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.②Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)troubleun問題，苦惱1）相關(guān)短語havetrouble/difficulty/problemsindoingsth在做某事上有困難havetrouble/difficulty/problemswithsthbeintrouble處于困境中 e.g.Nowheisintrouble,weshouldgoallouttohelphim.beoutoftrouble擺脫困境v.使煩惱e.g.I'msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打擾到你hitv.擊；打hithithitvt.打擊hitsbin/on+部位擊打某人什么部位e.g.thebottlemethehead.瓶子打中了我的頭部vi.hitatsb朝某人打去rightaway立刻馬上atoncerightnowgetinto陷入；參與getoutof離開；從...中出來getintotrouble陷入麻煩footcn.腳；英尺復(fù)數(shù)：feetbandagecn繃帶v.用繃帶包扎bandageoneself給自己包扎pressv.壓，擠，按pressthebutton按按鈕sickadj.生病的，有病的可以做定語/表語e.g.Johndidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewassick.（表語）e.g.Thesickboyissotired.(定語)辨析illadj生病的（只能做表語）e.g.Theboyisill/sick.e.g.heisanillboy.(他是個(gè)壞男孩)breathev呼吸e.g.wecanbreathefreshairwithoutpollution.n.breath呼吸takeadeepbreath深呼吸beoutofbreath上氣不接下氣be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)于辨析：used?to?do?過去常常做某事eg.heusetoliveinthecountrysidebe?used?to?doing?習(xí)慣于做某事eg.Theygot?used?to?living?in?the?countryside．他們已習(xí)慣于住在農(nóng)村be?used?to?do?sth被用來做某事riskcn&v危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)riskdoingsth冒險(xiǎn)做某事e.g.They?risked?losing?everything.?他們冒失去一切的危險(xiǎn)theriskofdoingsth...的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)takerisks(arisk)冒險(xiǎn)accidentcn.交通事故，意外遭遇accidentaladj.偶然的，意外的byaccident偶然=bychancee.g.Acaraccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.situationcn.情況，狀況inthesituation在這種情形下insocialsituation在社交場(chǎng)合runout(of)用完；用盡sbrunoutofsth人把某物用完了eg.Shehasranoutofmoney.她的錢用完了sthrunout某物被用完了（主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)）eg.Hermoneyranout.她的錢用完了辨析：useup用完用盡（有被動(dòng)）sbuseupsthsthbeusedup某物被用完了knifecn.刀pl.knivescutoff切除；cut相關(guān)短語：cutout切斷；刪去 cutdownv.削減；砍倒 cutin插嘴；插隊(duì) cutup切碎bloodun.血液；血統(tǒng)adj.bloody流血的;殘忍的vbleed流血meanv.意思是；意味著adj.吝嗇的adj_______反義_________n._______mean?doing?sth.?“意味著mean?to?do?sth.?“打算或企圖做某事What?do?/?did?you?mean?by...??=what’sthemeaningofsth……是什么意思?controln&v控制；限制；約束outofcontrol不受控制 undercontrol被控制 incontrol控制著 beincontrolof管理e.g.sheisincontrolofthispany.beinthecontrolof受...管理e.g.Thispanyisinthecontrolofhermother.spiritun靈魂；骨氣cn.精靈；鬼魂thefightingspirit斗志 amanofspirit有志氣的人deathn.死亡辨析：die?v死，死亡deadadj.死的，無生命的;表示狀態(tài)“have/has?been?dead?for?+時(shí)間段”dying?die的現(xiàn)在分詞。作定語或表語，指“垂死的，要死的”e.g.His?father?has?been?dead?for?ten?years。=His?father?died?ten?years?ago。他父親已經(jīng)去世十年了。 e.g.This?is?a?dying?bird.。是一只快死的鳥e.g.Hisdeathmadeeveryonesad.giveup放棄giveupdoingsth放棄做某事giveout分發(fā)，散發(fā)giveaway捐贈(zèng)givesbsth=givesthtosb注意：當(dāng)sth為代詞只能用后者重點(diǎn)句型及知識(shí)點(diǎn)adviceun.建議apieceofadvicetwopiecesofadvicesomeadviceasksbforadvice giveadviceonsth take(follow)one’sadviceHegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.getoff意為＂下車＂，其反義短語為geton＂上車＂e.g.Excuseme,Ihavetogetoffatthenextstop.常見get構(gòu)成的短語：Haveatry:他和同學(xué)們相處得很好。Heis__________________________wellwithhisclassmates.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但使他驚訝的是,他們都同意和他一起去。toone’ssurprise＂使……驚訝的；出乎……意料＂，一般位于句首o(hù)ne’s是形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格Haveatry—HowwasyourlifeinEngland?—Quitedifferentfromhere._____________,peopletheredrinkteawithmilk.InmyopinionB.TomysurpriseC.Atthebeginningagreev同意：agreetodosth＂同意做某事＂agreeonsthagreewithsbAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.阿倫﹒羅爾斯頓是一個(gè)對(duì)登山感興趣的美國(guó)人。此處whoisinterestedinmountainclimbing為定語從句，當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)定從，who或that在定語從句中可作主語或賓語。who或that作主語時(shí)不可省略，作賓語時(shí)可省略。e.g.Doyouknowthegirlswho/thataredancing?（who/that作主語，不可省略）e.g.Theman(that/who)youarewaitingforwon’te.（who/that作賓語，可省略）Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者,阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)beusedtodoingsth＂習(xí)慣于……；適應(yīng)于……＂，其中to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。Haveatry試一試1.我媽媽習(xí)慣于早上早起。Mymother____________________________________________________upearlyinthemorning.2.他過去常騎自行車去上班,但現(xiàn)在他乘地鐵(去上班)。He_______________________________________hisbiketowork,butnowhetakesthesubway.3.刀子是被用來切割東西的。Knivesare_______________________________________things.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.runout作不及物動(dòng)詞短語，意為＂用盡；耗盡＂，主語通常是時(shí)間、金錢、水、食物等無生命名詞Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.such...that與so...that的區(qū)別:(1)so+adj./adv.adj.+a/an+_________many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that從句much/little+___________(2)such+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)名詞adj.+___________+that從句adj.+復(fù)數(shù)名詞GRAMMER表達(dá)病痛的結(jié)構(gòu):1.某人+have/has+病癥.e.g.Thetwinshavecolds.這對(duì)雙胞胎感冒了。2.某人+have/hasa(n)+身體部位ache（headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache）e.g.Shehadastomachachelastnight.她昨晚胃痛。3.某人+have/hasasore+身體部位.e.g.Hehasasorethroat.他喉嚨痛。4.某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞.e.g.Hehurthisleg.他的腿受傷了。5.身體部位+hurt(s).e.g.Myheadhurtsbadly.我頭痛得厲害。6.某人+have/hasapaininone’s+身體部位.e.g.Ihaveapaininmychest.我胸口痛。7.(Thereis)somethingwrongwithone’s+身體部位.e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwithmyrighteye.我的右眼不舒服。八年級(jí)下冊(cè)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)鞏固練習(xí)及答案重要詞匯英漢互譯1.問題;事情n.__________2.腳;足n.__________pl.__________3.脖子;頸部n.__________4.發(fā)燒n.__________5.躺;平躺v.__________6.放松：休息v.&n.__________咳嗽n.＆v.__________牙痛n.__________頭痛n.__________間歇;休息n.__________11.（使)疼痛;受傷v._________12.乘客;旅客n._________13.離開（某處）;不工作;從……去掉adv.&pron._________14.到?之上prep._________15.問題.苦惱n._________16.（用手或器具)擊;打v._________17.她自己pron._________18.生病的;有病的adj._________19.膝;膝蓋n._________20.我們自己pron._________21.交通事放;意外遭遇n._________22.情況;狀況n._________23.千克;公斤n._________24.巖石n._________25.刀n._________(pl.）_________26.血n._________27.意思是：打算;意欲v._________28.決定：抉擇n._________29.限制;約束;管理n＆v.._________30.勇氣;意志n._________31.soreadj._________33.throatn._________34.Xrayn._________35.bandagen.&v._________36.pressv._________37.nosebleedn._________38.breathev._________39.sunburnedadj._________40.climbern._________41.riskn.&v._________42.importancen._________43.deathn._________重點(diǎn)短語1.患感冒/發(fā)燒/咳嗷___________________________2.牙痛(頭痛、耳痛、胃痛）___________________________3.喉嚨/背/眼腈/膝蓋/腳痛_____________________________________________4.躺下休息_____________________________________________5.喝些加蜂蜜的熱茶_____________________________________________6.看牙醫(yī)_____________________________________________7.拍×光片_____________________________________________8.量體溫_____________________________________________9.割傷自己_____________________________________________10.在…上敷藥_____________________________________________11.需要去做某事_____________________________________________12.從…帶走_(dá)____________________________________________13.沒動(dòng)_____________________________________________14.看醫(yī)生_____________________________________________15.沿著?走_(dá)____________________________________________16.看見某人正在做某事_____________________________________________17.在馬路邊_____________________________________________18.緊挨著_____________________________________________19.大喊救命_____________________________________________20.下/上車_____________________________________________21.患心臟病_____________________________________________22.期望某人做某事_____________________________________________23.使某人驚奇的是_____________________________________________24.同意做某事_____________________________________________25.多虧：由于_____________________________________________26.及時(shí)_____________________________________________27.考慮_____________________________________________28.立刻：馬上_____________________________________________29.陷人麻煩_____________________________________________30.做正確的事_____________________________________________31.跌倒_____________________________________________32.穿上..._____________________________________________33.感到惡心_____________________________________________34.被擊中頭部_____________________________________________35.做某事有困難_____________________________________________36.習(xí)慣于做某事_____________________________________________過去常常做某事_____________________________________________37.冒險(xiǎn)_____________________________________________38.救命_____________________________________________失去上命_____________________________________________39.因?yàn)開____________________________________________40.在危險(xiǎn)的境況中_____________________________________________41.落在某人身上_____________________________________________42.單獨(dú),獨(dú)立;;各自_____________________________________________43.用完;枆盡_____________________________________________44.準(zhǔn)備好做某事_____________________________________________45.切除_____________________________________________45.失血過多_____________________________________________42.離開;從...出來_____________________________________________49.講述..._____________________________________________50.做決定_____________________________________________51.掌管;管理_____________________________________________在……的掌控下_____________________________________________52.繼續(xù)做某事_____________________________________________53.生死攸關(guān)_____________________________________________54.去爬山_____________________________________________55.介意/反對(duì)做某事_____________________________________________56.放棄_____________________________________________經(jīng)典向型1.你怎么了？出什么事情了？_______the_____________you?昨天她說話大多，并日沒有喝足夠的水。Shetalked______________yesterdayanddidn'tdrink_______water.聽起來不像是你發(fā)燒了。Itdoesn't______________youhavea_______。我頭疼。Myhead_______.他給自己打上繃帶以至于他不會(huì)失血過多。Hebandagedhimselfso_______hewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.6.他對(duì)登山如此酷愛以至于即使這次經(jīng)所之后他還繼續(xù)爬山，Hislove_______mountainclimbingis_______great_______hekeptclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.我們有和阿倫一樣的精神嗎？Dowehave______________spirit_______Aron?聽上去不太好。Thatdoesn't______________. 重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)鞏固答案重要詞匯：1.matter2.foot(pl.)feet3.neck4..fever5.lie(lay,lying)6.rest7.cough8.toothache9.headache10.break11.hurt12.passenger13.off14.onto15.trouble16.hit17.herself18.sick19.knee20.ourselves21.accident22.situation23.kilo=kg=kilogram24.rock25.knife(pl.)knives26.blood27.mean28.decision29.control30.spirit31.疼病的;酸痛的32胃;腹部33.喉嚨;咽喉34.×射線;x光35.繃帶用繃帶包扎36.壓；擠;按37鼻出血38.呼吸39.曬傷的40.登山者;攀登者41.危險(xiǎn);風(fēng)險(xiǎn);冒險(xiǎn)42.重要性;重要43.死;死亡重點(diǎn)短語1.haveacold/fever/cough2.haveatoothache(aheadache,anearache,astomachache)3.