2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省揚(yáng)州市邗江區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題（含答案）

2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省揚(yáng)州市邗江區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題（本試卷滿(mǎn)分150分考試時(shí)間120分鐘）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYouCatsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.MeowingCatsmeowattheirownersforseveralreasons,including:toaskforfood,togreetpeople,toaskforattention,toletyouknowtheywanttogooutside/comeinside.Inaddition,elderlycatssufferingfromcognitivedisfunction,similartoAlzheimer’sDisease(阿爾茨海默癥)inhumans,maymeowduetobecomingconfusedordisoriented,soweencourageyoutoscheduleanappointmentwithusifyourseniorcatseemsconfusedorismeowingmorethanusual.PurringWhilecatsdopurrasasignofcontentment,theyalsodoitasaself-comfortingmechanismwhensick,stressedorinjured.Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.TailPostureIftheyholdtheirtailstraightupandhaverelaxedfur,they’relikelytofeelhappyorcurious.Butiftheirfurstandsonendwhiletheirtailisstraight,thisindicatesfearoranger.Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.RubbingWhenyourcatrubsagainstyourlegsorgivesyouheadbutts,theyaretellingyouthattheyloveyou.Thatisnottheonlythingtheyaredoing,though!Catsrubtheirbodiesandcheeksagainstpeopleandobjectstomarktheirterritoryandtoclaimhumans,othercats,andvariousobjectsastheirown.21.Whencatsaresickorinpain,whataretheylikelytodo?A.Meowattheirowners. B.Rubagainstyourlegs.C.Purrandrefusefood. D.Holdtheirtailstraightup.22.Whatmayacatshowwhenithidesitstailbetweenlegs?AInsecurity. B.Depression. C.Curiosity. D.Happiness.23.Whoprovidesthistextmostprobably?A.Acatsitter. B.Acatowner.C.Ananimalshelter. D.Apethealthcarecentre.BItallstartedwithasimplequestion;“CanIpaintyourportrait(肖像)?”Inthesummerof2015,BrianPetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoes,aboutthepowerofloveinaction,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbyahomelessman.Inspiredbythebook,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:Hewasgoingtointroducehimself.Inthatfirstconversation,Petersonlearnedthattheman’snamewasMattFariswhofailedtopursueacareerinmusicandendedupbeinghomeless.“Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn’tshavedinprobablyayearhadovergrownfingernails,andprobablyhadn’thadashowerinclosetoayear.”EventhoughPetersonhadn’tpiokedupapaintbrushinabouteightyears,heaskedifhecouldpaintFaris’sportrait.Farissaidyes.Peterson’sconnectionwithFarisledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoareunhoused.Workingfromablack-and-whitephotoofthesubject,Petersonchoosescolorsinspiredbythesubject’spersonalityandlifestory,creatinganimpressiveportrait.Petersonsellsthestrikingartwork,signedbybothsubjectandartist,dividingtheproceedsandputtinghalfintowhathecallsa“l(fā)oveaccount”forhismodel.Hethenhelpspeopleusethemoneytogetbackontheirfeet.ManyofPeterson’snewfriendsusethedonationstosecureimmediatenecessities.ButPetersonhaslearnednottomakeassumptionsaboutwhatapersonneedsmost.“I’vemadeamistakethinkingIknewwhatpeoplewanted,”hesays,“butwhydon’twejustaskthem?”P(pán)etersonhasdiscoveredthatthere’smoretothefinishedproductsthanthemoneytheybringtosomeonewho’sdownandout.Thebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlooked.“Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet.ButIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow,’”P(pán)etersonsays.24.WhatbroughtPetersonandFaristogether?A.BeautyonFaris’face. B.Inspirationfromabook.C.Peterson’spassionforart. D.Faris’sufferinginhislife.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mistake”inparagraph5referto?A.Sellingthehomeless’portraitsforprofits.B.Givinginstantnecessitiestothehomeless.C.Askingthehomelessfortheirneedsdirectly.D.Takingwhatthehomelesswantforgranted.26.WhatdoesPetersonimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thehomelessaregainingmoreconcern.B.Thelifeofthehomelessisdifferentnow.C.Buyersvaluefriendshipwiththehomeless.D.FiguresinPeterson’spaintingsarepopular.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthistext?A.Agoodmodeliskeytoafineartwork.B.Anexpecteddecisionmakesagreatartist.C.Apicturereallyisworthathousandwords.D.Eachunfortunatepersonhashisownmisfortune.COver7,000speciesaroundtheworldareconsideredendangered.Thatnumberdoesn’tevenincludetheplants,animals,andotherlifeformsthatarelistedbysomescientistsasvulnerable,criticallyendangered,orextinctinthewild.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)maintainsthemost-comprehensivelistofendangeredspeciesaroundtheworld.TheRedListofThreatenedSpecies,asit’scalled,judgeseachspeciesonfivedifferentstandardsforanin-depthscientificapproach.AccordingtotheIUCN,anendangeredspeciesisonethatmeetsanyoneofthefollowingcriteria(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)):a50%-70%populationdecreaseover10years,atotalgeographicarealessthan5,000squarekilometers,apopulationsizelessthan2,500adults,arestrictedpopulationof250adults,orastatisticalpredictionthatitwillgoextinctwithinthenext20years.ThoughtheIUCN’sRedListcoversawiderangeofwhatqualifiesasanendangeredspecies,itdoesn’tquitesayhowaspeciesreachesthoselowpoints.Preparetofeelguilty:themostcommonfactorwhenitcomestospeciesdeclineishumanintervention.Lossofhabitat,theintroductionofaforeignspeciesintotheenvironment,hunting,pollution,disease,andlossofgeneticvariation(基因變異)areallcausesofspeciesdeclineandmostoftenarearesultofhumanactivities.Takethebaldeagleforexample:theriseinhumanpopulationandurbandevelopmentofNorthAmericalimitedtheanimal’shabitat;anincreaseinhuntingtheeaglesforsportloweredtheirpopulationsize;andtheuseofthepesticideDDTonfarmsharmedtheanimal’sreproductivecapabilities.Buteventhoughhumansarethenumberonecauseofspeciesdecline,classifyingspeciesasendangeredencouragesactiontoreversetheeffectsofhumanintervention.ConservationeffortsbytheUSFishandWildlifeServicecriminalized(使非法)thehuntingofbaldeaglesandtheuseofthepesticideDDTinthemid-tolate20thcentury.Theeffectwaspositive,asbaldeagleshavebeenontheriseandweretakenofftheendangeredspecieslistin1995.28.Whichofthefollowingspeciescanbeconsideredendangered?A.Onethatwillgoextinctwithinthenext50years.B.Onewhosepopulationsizeislessthan5,000adults.C.Onewhosehabitatislessthan2,500squarekilometers.D.Onewhosepopulationdecreases20%overtwentyyears.29.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Thecausesofspeciesdecline.B.Thedisadvantagesofthepesticide.C.Alistofworldwideendangeredspecies.D.Commonfeaturesofendangeredspecies.30.Whyisthebaldeaglementionedasanexampleinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowitsrareness.B.Toblamehumansforitsdecline.C.Tostressitsimportanceinnature.DToshowthemeaningofrankingitendangered.31.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Science. D.Education.DOneofthegreatestkillersintheWesternworldisheartdisease.Thedeathratefromthediseasehasbeenincreasingatanalarmingspeedforthepastthirtyyears.TodayinBritain,forexample,aboutfourhundredpeopleadaydieofheartdisease.Medicalexpertsknowthatpeoplecanreducetheirchancesofgettingheartdiseasebyexercisingregularly,bynotsmoking,bychangingtheirdiets,andbypayingmoreattentiontoreducingstressintheirwork.However,Westernhealth-caresystemsarestillnotpayingenoughattentiontothepreventionofthedisease.Thereisaneedformoreprogramstoeducatethepublicaboutthecausesandpreventionofheartdisease.Insteadofsupportingsuchprograms,however,theU.S.health-caresystemisspendinglargesumsofmoneyonthesurgical(外科的)treatmentofthediseaseafteritdevelops.Thisemphasis(強(qiáng)調(diào))ontreatmentclearlyhassomethingtodowiththetechnologicaladvancesthathavetakenplaceinthepasttentofifteenyears.Inthistime,moderntechnologyhasenableddoctorstodevelopnewsurgicaltechniques.ManyoperationsthatwereconsideredimpossibleortooriskyafewyearsagoarenowperformedeverydayinU.S.hospitals.Theresulthasbeenahugeincreaseinheartsurgery.Althoughthereisnodoubtthatheartsurgerycanhelpalargenumberofpeople,somepeoplepointoutthattheemphasisonthesurgicaltreatmentofthediseasehasthreecleardisadvantages.First,itattractsinterestandmoneyawayfromthequestionofprevention.Second,itcausesthecostsofgeneralhospitalcaretorise.Afterhospitalsbuytheexpensiveequipmentthatisnecessaryformodernheartsurgery,theymusttrytorecoverthemoneytheyhavespent.Todothis,theyraisecostsforalltheirpatients,notjustthosepatientswhosetreatmentrequirestheequipment.Thethirddisadvantageisthatdoctorsareencouragedtoperformsurgeryevenonpatientsforwhomanoperationisunnecessary—becausetheequipmentandexpertskillsarethere.Agovernmentofficerecentlystatedthatmajorheartsurgerywasoftenperformedeventhoughitschancesofsuccesswerelow.Inonetypeofheartsurgery,forexample,only15percentofpatientsimprovedtheirconditionsafterthesurgery.However,morethan100,000oftheseoperationsareperformedintheUnitedStateseveryyear.32.Whateffecthasmoderntechnologyhadonmedicine?A.Ithasreducedthecostsofmedicaltreatment.B.Ithasn’thelpedsaveanypatients.C.Ithasencourageddoctorstodomoreheartsurgery.D.Ithashelpededucatepeopleaboutthepreventionofheartdisease.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recover”inparagraph3mean?A.Boost. B.Springup. C.Getback. D.Absorb.34.Theauthorwouldagreethat______.A.moremoneyshouldbespentonthepreventionofheartdiseaseB.heartsurgeryhashelpedmostpatientsimprovetheirconditionsC.moderntechnologyhasmadeheartsurgerymoreriskythanbeforeD.thepublichaveknownagreatdealaboutthecausesofheartdisease35.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheGreatestKillerintheWest B.HeartDisease:TreatorPrevent?C.OldTechnologyandHeartSurgery D.HeartSurgery:Advantages第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Performstand-upcomedyStand-upisatypeofcomedyinwhichsomeoneperformsaseriesofjokesinfrontofaliveaudience.Kidscancreateastand-upcomedyacttoperformforfamilyandfriendsorataschoolorcommunitytalentshow.____36____Herearesometipstohelpyougetstarted.____37____Agoodfirststepinstand-upiswatchingothercomedians.Withanadult’shelp,youcanfindsomekid-friendlycomediansonYouTubeoronstreamingserviceslikeNetflixandHulu.Payattentiontowhattheydoduringtheirroutineandwhatkindsofjokeswork.Writeyourmaterial.Tobeginwritingjokes,startbrainstormingtopics.____38____Forinstance,yourfriendswouldprobablyunderstandyourfunnyobservationsaboutmiddleschool,butyourfamilymaynot.Whenyouhaveanideaforajoke,approachitlikewritingashortessay.Pulleverythingtogether.Withseveraljokeswritten,youcanaddthemtoastand-uproutine,calleda“set”.____39____Betweenjokes,includetransitionstohelplinkonestorytothenext.Youshouldconcludewithastrong“closer”,onelastjokethatwillleaveyouraudiencelaughing.Perfectyourroutine.Youcanperforminfrontofamirrororrecordyourselfandplayitback.____40____Next,performinfrontofafriendorfamilymemberwhocanhelpyouseewhatpeoplelaughatthemostortellyouifanyofyourjokesareconfusing.Takenotesandmakechangesifnecessary.Whenyoufeelcomfortablewithyourstand-upmaterial,it’stimetoperform!Remembertotakeafewdeepbreaths.Thenrelax,beyourself,andhavefun!A.Getinspired.B.Askforhelp.C.Thesecaneasilymeetwithafavourableresponsefromtheaudience.D.Thinkaboutwhoyouraudiencewillbeandwhatwillberelatabletothem.E.Openyoursetwithajokethatwillgetyouraudiencelaughing.F.Thiswillhelpyouseehowlongyoursetisandwhereyoumightmakechanges.G.Throughstand-up,yougettobecreative,boostyourconfidence,andpolishyourpublic-speakingskills.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共四節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分55分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)TherearelotsofchildrenacrosstheUSwhoarelivinginresidentialtreatmentfacilities(療養(yǎng)中心).Manyoftheseyoungpeoplehave____41____serioustrauma(心理創(chuàng)傷)intheirlives.“Peopleseldomknowthatthey’rethere,”saidMikeBall,whosenonprofit,LostVoices,workswiththeseteens.Balfirst____42____thispopulationofyouthin2005afterhewas____43____tospeakabouthiswritingcareeratacollege.Asawriterandmusiclover,Ballknewsongwritingcouldhavea____44____effectontheseyoungpeople.Hehadotherlocalmusicians____45____fortheproject,andLostVoiceswasbornin2007.Theorganization____46____weeklongprogramswheremusiciansgointoresidentialtreatmentfacilitiestohelpchildrentowritesongsandfindtheirvoice.“I’moften____47____bythesongstheywrite,”Ballsaid.“Sometimesthey’resilly,butheartbreakinglyreal.”Ballhasbeenwritingandplayingmusicsincehewasachild.Hemadeacareeroutofhis____48____.He’sknownthepowerandfreedomthatcomesfrom____49____personalstories.“Expressingyourselfisreallyessential,”Ballsaid.Akey_____50_____oftheLostVoicesprogramisthetrauma-informedcareapproach,whichBallandhisteamarespecifically_____51_____tocarryout.Theycreateanonjudgmentalspacewherekidsfromallwalksoflifecan_____52_____expresstheirthoughtsandworkthroughdifficult_____53_____.Theprogramhas_____54_____morethan2,500kids.ForBallandhisteam,workingwiththesepopulationscanbedemandingattimes,buthesaidit’s_____55_____todoit.41.A.supplied B.experienced C.sacrificed D.ignored42.A.learnedabout B.lookedfor C.jokedwith D.belongedto43.A.forced B.invited C.permitted D.expected44.A.tough B.strange C.positive D.regular45.A.intime B.onpurpose C.inneed D.onboard46.A.books B.controls C.offers D.delays47.A.embarrassed B.disappointed C.surprised D.ashamed48.A.concern B.love C.goal D.answer49.A.doubting B.admiring C.sharing D.repeating50.A.part B.trip C.origin D.view51.A.confirmed B.called C.followed D.trained52.A.slowly B.freely C.sadly D.tirelessly53.A.agreements B.directions C.questions D.feelings54.A.benefited B.missed C.honored D.reported55.A.awkward B.pointless C.abnormal D.worthwhile第二節(jié)短文填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnAugust3rdBeijingtime,21-year-oldZhengQinwendefeatedCroatianplayer,____56____securedChina’sfirstOlympicgoldmedalinwomen’ssinglestennis.Atthesametime,shealsobecamethefirstAsianathlete____57____(stand)onthehighestpodiumforthiseventattheOlympicGames.ZhengQinwen’svictorysparkedwidespread____58____(enthusiastic)globally.Onoverseassocialmediaplatforms,“QueenWen”quicklybecame____59____trendingtopic.Thisnickname,derivedfromtheEnglishpronunciationofhername“QinWen,”reflectsfans’respectandaffection____60____heroutstandingperformance,with“Queen”beingatermofdearness.SinceemergingonthesceneinherGrandSlamdebutin2022,ZhengQinwen____61____(grow)rapidlyoverthepasttwoyears.AtthisParisOlympics,ZhengQinwenfoughtforfiveconsecutive(連續(xù)的)days,withthreeintensebattlestotalingninehours,____62____(give)herall.With____63____(remark)skillsandextraordinarywill,ZhengQinwenperseveredandultimatelyemergedvictorious.Afterwinningthechampionship,ZhengQinwencouldfinallytaketheaccolade(榮譽(yù))of“QueenWen”well:“Perhapsbefore,Iwouldhavebeenmodest,butnowIfeelthatIhavebrokenthroughmyownlimits,soI____64____(true)deservethistitle.”Thisisnotonlyarecognitionofherpersonalachievements______65______anaffirmationofChinesetennisandevenAsiantennis.Afterall,thegoldmedalandthetitleof“Queen”areperfectlymatchedatthismoment.第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法單句填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）A.用所給詞的正確形式或所學(xué)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)填空，使句意完整正確。注意：每空一詞。66.Thesemeasureswillmakegreat_____________(contribute)toreducingindustrialaccidents.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)67.Goodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitudeare___________(equal)important.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)68.AnexpertinChinesehistorywillgivealecture___________(concern)thehistoryoftheSilkRoad.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)69.Thisisanimpressivebookincludinginterestingandvaluable____________(argue).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)70.Mostteashavecaffeineinthem,whichmakesyoufeelmore____________(energy).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)71.Thisyoungscientistwasgiventheawardin____________(recognize)ofherachievementsoverthepastyear.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)72.Iwarnedherthat_________(skip)mealswasunhealthy,butshewouldn’tlisten.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)73.Thelakesurfaceschangecolorfromtimetotime____________(depend)onseasonandweather.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)74.TheSpringFestivalisanoccasion____________Chinesepeoplearereunitedwithfamilymembers.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)75.Hemadeaholeinthewall____________whichhecouldgetintothehouse.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)第四節(jié)完成句子（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）每空一詞，注意詞的正確形式。每題所有空格都填對(duì)得1分。76.請(qǐng)牢記在心，成功在于持續(xù)的努力。Keepinmindthatsuccess____________constanthardwork.77.他答應(yīng)幫助我們，并且他信守諾言。Hepromisedtohelpusoutandhe____________hisword.78.我們?cè)谏钪薪?jīng)歷起伏是非常正常的。It’squitenormalforusto____________upsanddownsinlife.79.他父母總是在嘮叨他的成績(jī)。Hisparentsare__________________abouthisgradesallthetime.80.從她上封信判斷，她一直專(zhuān)注于英語(yǔ)演講比賽。____________herlastletter,shehasbeenfocusingontheEnglishspeechcompetition.81.現(xiàn)在抱怨沒(méi)有用。無(wú)論如何，你們已經(jīng)盡力了。Thereisnopointcomplainingnow.__________________,youhavetriedyourbest.82.你最好跟你的朋友坦誠(chéng)聊一聊，而不是立刻放棄你們的友誼。You’dbetterhaveafranktalkwithyourfriendinsteadof__________________yourfriendshipimmediately.83.醫(yī)生建議她不要服用有副作用的減肥藥，而是鍛煉。Thedoctoradvisedhernottotakeweight-losspillswhichhad____________buttotakeexercise.84.從長(zhǎng)期看，這些措施將促成你的身心健康。________________________,thesemeasureswillcontributetoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.85.他辜負(fù)了父母的期望，感到很難過(guò)。Hewassadthathefailedto__________________hisparents’expectations.第四部分書(shū)面表達(dá)—應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(滿(mǎn)分20分)86.假定你是李華，你的筆友Mike寫(xiě)信告訴你，由于學(xué)習(xí)壓力大，他經(jīng)常不吃飯，也不鍛煉，導(dǎo)致身體虛弱，學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)欠佳。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封建議信。內(nèi)容包括：（1）對(duì)他的現(xiàn)狀表示擔(dān)憂(yōu)；（2）提出一些健康生活的建議。注意：（1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMike,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYouCatsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.MeowingCatsmeowattheirownersforseveralreasons,including:toaskforfood,togreetpeople,toaskforattention,toletyouknowtheywanttogooutside/comeinside.Inaddition,elderlycatssufferingfromcognitivedisfunction,similartoAlzheimer’sDisease(阿爾茨海默癥)inhumans,maymeowduetobecomingconfusedordisoriented,soweencourageyoutoscheduleanappointmentwithusifyourseniorcatseemsconfusedorismeowingmorethanusual.PurringWhilecatsdopurrasasignofcontentment,theyalsodoitasaself-comfortingmechanismwhensick,stressedorinjured.Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.TailPostureIftheyholdtheirtailstraightupandhaverelaxedfur,they’relikelytofeelhappyorcurious.Butiftheirfurstandsonendwhiletheirtailisstraight,thisindicatesfearoranger.Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.RubbingWhenyourcatrubsagainstyourlegsorgivesyouheadbutts,theyaretellingyouthattheyloveyou.Thatisnottheonlythingtheyaredoing,though!Catsrubtheirbodiesandcheeksagainstpeopleandobjectstomarktheirterritoryandtoclaimhumans,othercats,andvariousobjectsastheirown.21.Whencatsaresickorinpain,whataretheylikelytodo?A.Meowattheirowners. B.Rubagainstyourlegs.C.Purrandrefusefood. D.Holdtheirtailstraightup.22.Whatmayacatshowwhenithidesitstailbetweenlegs?A.Insecurity. B.Depression. C.Curiosity. D.Happiness.23.Whoprovidesthistextmostprobably?A.Acatsitter. B.Acatowner.C.Ananimalshelter. D.Apethealthcarecentre.【答案】21.C22.A23.DBItallstartedwithasimplequestion;“CanIpaintyourportrait(肖像)?”Inthesummerof2015,BrianPetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoes,aboutthepowerofloveinaction,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbyahomelessman.Inspiredbythebook,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:Hewasgoingtointroducehimself.Inthatfirstconversation,Petersonlearnedthattheman’snamewasMattFariswhofailedtopursueacareerinmusicandendedupbeinghomeless.“Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn’tshavedinprobablyayear,hadovergrownfingernails,andprobablyhadn’thadashowerinclosetoayear.”EventhoughPetersonhadn’tpiokedupapaintbrushinabouteightyears,heaskedifhecouldpaintFaris’sportrait.Farissaidyes.Peterson’sconnectionwithFarisledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoareunhoused.Workingfromablack-and-whitephotoofthesubject,Petersonchoosescolorsinspiredbythesubject’spersonalityandlifestory,creatinganimpressiveportrait.Petersonsellsthestrikingartwork,signedbybothsubjectandartist,dividingtheproceedsandputtinghalfintowhathecallsa“l(fā)oveaccount”forhismodel.Hethenhelpspeopleusethemoneytogetbackontheirfeet.ManyofPeterson’snewfriendsusethedonationstosecureimmediatenecessities.ButPetersonhaslearnednottomakeassumptionsaboutwhatapersonneedsmost.“I’vemadeamistakethinkingIknewwhatpeoplewanted,”hesays,“butwhydon’twejustaskthem?”P(pán)etersonhasdiscoveredthatthere’smoretothefinishedproductsthanthemoneytheybringtosomeonewho’sdownandout.Thebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlooked.“Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet.ButIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow,’”P(pán)etersonsays.24.WhatbroughtPetersonandFaristogether?A.BeautyonFaris’face. B.Inspirationfromabook.C.Peterson’spassionforart. D.Faris’sufferinginhislife.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mistake”inparagraph5referto?A.Sellingthehomeless’portraitsforprofits.B.Givinginstantnecessitiestothehomeless.C.Askingthehomelessfortheirneedsdirectly.D.Takingwhatthehomelesswantforgranted.26.WhatdoesPetersonimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thehomelessaregainingmoreconcern.B.Thelifeofthehomelessisdifferentnow.C.Buyersvaluefriendshipwiththehomeless.D.FiguresinPeterson’spaintingsarepopular.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthistext?A.Agoodmodeliskeytoafineartwork.B.Anexpecteddecisionmakesagreatartist.C.Apicturereallyisworthathousandwords.D.Eachunfortunatepersonhashisownmisfortune.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.CCOver7,000speciesaroundtheworldareconsideredendangered.Thatnumberdoesn’tevenincludetheplants,animals,andotherlifeformsthatarelistedbysomescientistsasvulnerable,criticallyendangered,orextinctinthewild.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)maintainsthemost-comprehensivelistofendangeredspeciesaroundtheworld.TheRedListofThreatenedSpecies,asit’scalled,judgeseachspeciesonfivedifferentstandardsforanin-depthscientificapproach.AccordingtotheIUCN,anendangeredspeciesisonethatmeetsanyoneofthefollowingcriteria(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)):a50%-70%populationdecreaseover10years,atotalgeographicarealessthan5,000squarekilometers,apopulationsizelessthan2,500adults,arestrictedpopulationof250adults,orastatisticalpredictionthatitwillgoextinctwithinthenext20years.ThoughtheIUCN’sRedListcoversawiderangeofwhatqualifiesasanendangeredspecies,itdoesn’tquitesayhowaspeciesreachesthoselowpoints.Preparetofeelguilty:themostcommonfactorwhenitcomestospeciesdeclineishumanintervention.Lossofhabitat,theintroductionofaforeignspeciesintotheenvironment,hunting,pollution,disease,andlossofgeneticvariation(基因變異)areallcausesofspeciesdeclineandmostoftenarearesultofhumanactivities.Takethebaldeagleforexample:theriseinhumanpopulationandurbandevelopmentofNorthAmericalimitedtheanimal’shabitat;anincreaseinhuntingtheeaglesforsportloweredtheirpopulationsize;andtheuseofthepesticideDDTonfarmsharmedtheanimal’sreproductivecapabilities.Buteventhoughhumansarethenumberonecauseofspeciesdecline,classifyingspeciesasendangeredencouragesactiontoreversetheeffectsofhumanintervention.Conservationeffo