河南省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題（含解析）

2024-2025學(xué)年度（上）高三期中考試英語試題考試時間：120分鐘；滿分：120分注意事項：1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2．請將正確答案填寫在答題卡上第I卷（選擇題）第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、CD四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADriverWantedCleandrivinglicense(執(zhí)照).Mustbeofsmartappearance.Ageover25.Applyto(申請):CapesTaxi,17PalaceRoad,Royston.AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWantedApplicants(申請者)mustbebetween20and33yearsold.Height:1.6mto1.75m.EducationtoGCSEstandard.Twolanguages.Mustbeabletoswim.Applyto:Recruitment(招聘)office,SouthernAirlines,HeathrowAirportWest.HR37KK.TeachersNeededForprivatelanguageschool.Havingcollegeeducation.Teachingexperienceunnecessary.Applyto:TheDirectorofStudies,InstantLanguagesLtd.279CanalStreet,Royston.1．WhatpreventsJack,anexperiencedtaxidriver,workingforCapesTaxi?A．Unabletospeakaforeignlanguage.B．Punishedforspeedingandwrongparking.C．Fondofbeerandwine.D．Nothavingcollegeeducation.2．WhatpreventsMary,aged25,becominganairhostess?A．Shehasneverworkedasanairhostessbefore.B．Shedoesn'tfeellikeworkinglonghoursflyingabroad.C．Shecan'tspeakJapaneseverywell.D．Sheoncebrokeatrafficlawandwasfined3．Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthethreeadvertisements?A．Education. B．Workingexperience.C．Maleorfemale. D．Marriage.B“Colour”and“color”,“favourite”and“favorite”,“honour”and“honor”…HaveyoueverwonderedwhyAmericansspellthosewordswithouta“u”?Isitbecausetheyarelazy?Ofcoursenot.Infact,thedifferenceinspellingwasstartedbyNoahWebster(1758—1843).Hewasateacherwhoreformed(改革)EnglishtomakeAmericanidentity(特征)stronger.Linguists(語言學(xué)家)celebratehisbirthdayonOctober16everyyear.AftertheRevolutionaryWar(1775—1783),WebsterbelievedthatAmericansshouldhavetheirowndictionary,ratherthanrelyonBritishdictionaries.HedroppedtheBritish“u”insomewords.Andhechanged“centre”into“center”forchildrentolearnEnglishbyspellingwordsmorelikewhattheysounded.Heused“subway”insteadofBritishword“underground”.Someotherexamplesare“soccer”and“football”,“fall”and“autumn”.Websterwasn’tshyaboutexpressinghisopinions.Indefining(定義)preposterous(unreasonable),hewrote:“Arepublicangovernmentinthehandsoffemaleispreposterous.”Websterspent28yearsontheprojectbeforecompletingthe70,000-worddictionarywithhisAmerican-stylespellingin1828.Healsoaddedlocalwords.Hisdictionarywaswidelyusedinschools.Linguistsbelievedithelpedanewcountryachieveunity(統(tǒng)一)andculturalindependenceatatimewhenmostpeoplecaredaboutpoliticalfreedom.“HewasthecreatorofourlanguageandthecreatorofAmericanidentity,”saidJoshuaKendall,whoisworkingonabookaboutWebster.“Heatlastbroughtustogetherthroughourlanguage.”4．WhichisNOTtrueaboutWebster’sdictionary?A．Ithaslocalwordsinit.B．Itisa70,000-worddictionary.C．Allthewordsarespelledwithout“u”.D．ItswordsareinAmerican-stylespelling.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“relyon”inParagraph2mean?A．Dependon. B．Trustin. C．Putupwith. D．Giveup.6．WhatdopeoplethinkofWebster’sdictionary?A．ItistheonlydictionarythatAmericansstillusetoday.B．IthelpedtobringAmericanstogetherbesidesitsculturalinfluence.C．IthasnoinfluenceonthedevelopmentofAmericanEnglish.D．IthelpedtomakeAmericanEnglishmoreusefulthanBritishEnglish.7．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．ThedevelopmentoftheBritishEnglish.B．AmericanEnglishisbetterthanBritishEnglish.C．NoahWebsteraddedlocalwordstothedictionary.D．NoahWebsterwroteanAmericanEnglishdictionaryandreformedEnglish.COneAugustafternoon,RichardAllendroppedoffhislastpassenger,Mrs.Carey.Liftingtwogrocerybags,hefollowedheracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofherhouse.Glancingup,hesawalargewasp(黃蜂)nestundertheroof.Allenhadheardthatwaspscanbecomemorelikelytosting(蜇)insummer.HementionedthistoMrs.Carey,whohadopenedthedoor.“Oh,theydon’tbotherme,”shesaidlightly.“Igoinandoutallthetime.”Anxiously,Allenlookedatthenestagain——toseethewaspsflyingstraightathim.“Hurry!”heshoutedtoMrs.Carey.“Getin!”Shesteppedquicklyinside.Allenranforhismini-bus.Toolate;theywereuponhim.Justashejumpedaboard,halfadozenredspotsshowedonhisarm,andhefeltmoreonhisbackandshoulders.Ashewasdrivingdowntheroad,Allenfeltasifsomethingwasburningatthebackofhisneck,andthe“fire”wasspreadingforwardtowardhisface.Andimmediateanxietytookholdofhim.Allenknewthatstingscouldcausesomepersonstodie.Buthehadbeenstungtheprevioussummerandtheafter-effectssoonpassed.However,whathedidn’tknowwhatthatthefirststinghadturnedhisbodyintoatimebombwaitingforthenexttosetoffanexplosion.Milesfromthenearestmedicalassistance,Allenbegantofeelhistonguethickandheavyandhisheartbeatlouder.Mostfrightening,hefelthisbreathingmoreandmoredifficult.Hereachedfortheradiomike(話筒),tryingtocallthemini-buscenter,buthiswordswerehardlyunderstandable.Signalswerealsopoorthatfarout.Heknewarescueteamwason24-hourdutyattheAmherstFireDepartment’snorthstation.Sohisbestchancewastomakearunforit.Rushingdownthemountain,Allentriednottopanic,focusinghismindoneachsharpturn.Hewasalmostthroughthelastofthemwhenhefeltsurehewasgoingintoshock(休克).Justthenhereachedfortheradiomikeagain.“Callfirestation,”heshouted,concentratingtoformthewords.“Emergency.Beesting.Emergency.Thereintenminutes.”“Five-ten,”thecenterreplied.Holdon,Allenthought.Keepyoureyesopen.Breathe.Keepawake.Atlasthereachedthestation.Twofiremenranout.Allenfelttheirhandsgrasphimbeforehehittheground.Youmadeit,hethought.8．Itismentionedinthepassagethatwaspsaremorelikelytoattackwhen_______.A．therearehugenoisesB．strangersareapproachingC．theairisfilledwithfoodsmellD．thehottestseasoncomesaround9．Allendidn’tknowthatifstungbywaspsagain,hewould_______.A．havenoafter-effectsB．sufferfromsharperpainC．surelylosehislifeD．becomemoresensitive10．Allenfailedathisfirstattempttosendhismessagetothemini-buscenterbecause_______.A．hewasunabletospeakclearlyB．hisradioequipmentwaspoorC．hewasinastateofshockD．noonewasonduty11．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Allen,AHelplessDriverB．Wasps,BloodyKillersC．ARaceAgainstDeathD．WarAgainstWaspsDArmyantsaremainlydistributedinSouthAmericaandAfricaandmostlyliveintheAmazonRiverbasin.Theyliketoliveingroupsandgenerallyoneortwomillioninagroup.Theyaremigratory,havenofixedonthemove.Whenencounteringobstaclessuchasgaps,armyantsareabletoconnecttheirbodiestoeachotherandbuildabridgeforlargegroupsofantstopassthrough,savingcrawlingdistance.Thebridgecanbebuiltandremovedveryquickly,inseconds.ChristopherReidoftheUniversityofSydney’sInsectBehaviourandEcologyLaboratory,saidthatwhenstudyingtheantbridge,heinitiallyassumedthatoncetheantbridgewasbuiltthetwoendpositionsofthebridgewouldbefixed,andthebridgeitselfwouldberelativelystationary(不動的).However,afterobservation,itwasfoundthattheantbridgewouldconstantlychangeaccordingtothearmyants’knowledgeoftheoutsideworld.Theantbridgecanmoveslowlyfromtheoriginalposition,increasingthenumberofantsinthebridge,extendingthelengthofthebridge,sothatotherantsmaysavealotofeffortsbyusingtheantbridgeinsteadoftakingotherroutes.Inthisway,itcancontinuouslycompressthedistancetothetargetarea.Meanwhile,theresearchershavealsofoundthatthechangingantbridgedoesnotalwaysachievetheshortestdistance.Whenthebridgeisextendedtoacertainextent,thenumberofantsinvolvedintheconstructionoftheantbridgewillnotcontinuetoincrease,andthelengthofthebridgewillstopgrowing.Researchersbelievethatarmyantsusethebestmethodsintheconstructionofbridges.Sincetheantsinvolvedinbuildingthebridgeareunabletoparticipateinotherwork,thecolonystopsputtinginmoreantsassoonasitfindsthatthenumberofantsputintoextendingthebridgeisoutofbalancewiththenumberofantsneededforotherjobs.12．Whatismainlyintroducedaboutarmyantsinparagraph1?A．Theirmigration. B．Theirdistribution.C．Theirlivinghabits. D．Theirhuntingtargets.13．Whatdidtheresearchfindaboutthebridgebuiltbyarmyants?A．Itbecomeslongerconstantly.B．Itkeepsunchangedoncebuilt.C．Itachievestheshortestdistance.D．Itisadjustedaccordingtotheneeds.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compress”meaninparagraph3?A．Reduce. B．Calculate. C．Neglect. D．Judge.15．Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?A．Tostresstheimportanceofcooperation.B．Toexplainarmyants’incrediblestrength.C．Toshowarmyants’collectiveintelligence.D．Toindicatetheharmonybetweennatureandhuman.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Usually,youspendmostofyourtimeathome.16However,withallthesmellsahomeexperiences,suchasthosecreatedbycooking,peopleandpets,keepingitsmellinggoodisoftenadifficulttask.Abad-smellinghomeisnotonlyunpleasanttovisit,butgivestheimpressionthatyourhomeisalsounclean,whichisn’talwaysthecase.Fortunately,youcankeepyourhomesmellingfreshandcleanwithafewtechniques.17Additionally,pickupanyobjectsfromthefloor,suchasclothingortowels,andplacetheminthebox.Washyourdishesdaily,whichwillkeepyourhomesmellingfresh.Dusttheobjectsinyourhomeonceweekly.Rubasoftclothoveryourtelevisionandtopoffurnituretoremovethedustylayer.Useapolishingsprayforextrashine.Washyourbedclothesonaweeklybasis.Sheets,blanketsandpillowcasesoftenholdgerms,whichcauseasmelltooccur.Sowashthemregularly.18Batheyourdoganditsbeddingregularly.Adog’ssmellcantransmitfromtheanimaltoyourfloors,furnitureandbedclothes.Washthedogtopreventsmells,aswellasdirt,mudandothermaterialsfrombeingtransferredfromyourdogtoyouritemsinyourhome.19Brushingdailycanalsoreleasesmellsandmaterialsthatcancausethedogtocreateafoulsmellinyourhome.Shampoo（用洗滌劑洗）yourcarpets.20Sothedirtycarpetscanmakeyourentirehomesmellnot-so-fresh.Cleaningcarpetscanremoveanytrappedsmellsaswell.A．Mostdogslikehavingabath.B．Wipedownyourkitchendaily.C．Youfindyourhomeisalwaysinamess.D．Smellsoftenbecometrappedinthematerial.E．Mostdogsbenefitfromanonce-a-weekbath.F．Obviously,it’sworthwhiletospendtimeonthem.G．Itiscertainthatyouwantahomewhichsmellsfresh.第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mrs.Joneswasovereighty,butshestilldroveheroldcarlikeawomanhalfherage.Sheloveddrivingveryfast,andwasproudofthefact21shehadnever,inherthirty-fiveyearsofdriving,beenpunished22adrivingoffence(犯規(guī)，犯法).Thenonedayshenearly23herrecord.Apolicecar24her,andthepolicemeninitsawher25aredlightwithoutstopping.Ofcourse,shewasstopped.Itseemed26thatshewouldbepunished27Mrs.Jonescameuptothejudge,helookedatherseriouslyandsaidthatshewas28oldtodriveacar,andthatthe29whyshehadnotstoppedatthered30wasmostprobablythathereyeshadbecomeweak31oldage,sothatshehadsimplynotseenit.Whenthejudgehadfinishedwhathewas32,Mrs.Jonesopenedthebighandbagshewas33andtookouthersewing.Withoutsayingaword,she34aneedlewithaverysmalleye,andthreadeditatherfirstattempt.Whenshehad35donethis,shetookthethreadoutoftheneedleagainandhandedboththeneedleandthethreadtothejudge,saying,“Nowitisyourturn.Isupposeyoudriveacar,andthatyouarequitesureaboutyourowneyesight.”Thejudgetooktheneedleandtriedtothreadit.Afterhalfadozentries,hehadstillnotsucceeded.Thecase(案例)againstMrs.Joneswasdismissed,andherrecordremainedunbroken.21．A．which B．when C．that D．this22．A．a(chǎn)bout B．on C．to D．for23．A．kept B．won C．missed D．lost24．A．watched B．a(chǎn)fter C．followed D．ranafter25．A．pass B．go C．run D．rush26．A．sure B．indeed C．certain D．perhaps27．A．Before B．While C．Until D．When28．A．so B．very C．too D．quite29．A．cause B．reason C．matter D．trouble30．A．light B．lamp C．sign D．one31．A．with B．because C．for D．of32．A．speaking B．saying C．talking D．telling33．A．holding B．getting C．carrying D．bringing34．A．took B．brought C．picked D．chose35．A．a(chǎn)lmost B．hardly C．successfully D．successful第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Livinginspaceiseverywould-beastronaut’sdream.Mysix-monthstayonaspacestation36(come)toanend,andithasbeen37challengingbutmagicaladventure.Ibetyou’dlovetoknowwhatdailylifeis38upinspaceandhowitdiffersfrom39ontheEarth—thelowgravitydefinitelymakesordinarythingsstrange!The40(strange)oflivinginspaceisapparentfromthemomentwesleep.Theroutinetasksthatoccupymostofthedayaredemanding,buttheycanalsobe41(extreme)rewarding.Themostchallengingworktakesplacewhenweneedtoperformtasksoutsidethespacestation.Inviewofthelow-gravityenvironment,42(eat)isalsodifferentinspace.Spendingsometimeinthegymisofvitalimportancetoastronauts,health.Wehaveto43(tie)ontospeciallydesignedexerciseequipment44(stop)ourselvesfromfloatingaround.Duringourleisuretime,there’snothingwelikemorethantositback45therestofthecrewandwatchourremarkableplanetgoby,takingpicturesforourfamilyandfriendsbackhome.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46．假定你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生李華。你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他計劃在學(xué)校組織一個有關(guān)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的社團，向你征求建議。請你給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦具體社團類型；2.給出推薦理由；3.表達(dá)期待與祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerelyyours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Gustavo’sfavoritesportissoccer.Whenhewasonlyfouryearsold,hisolderbrothertaughthimhowtokicktheball.Atfirst,Gustavowasneverabletomaketheballgowherehewantedittogo.NowGustavoiseightyearsold,andhehashadalotofpractice.Gustavo’sbrotherlikestokicktheballwithhisrightfoot.“ButGustavodoesn’t.Instead,helikestokickitwithhisleftfootsothatitmakesaloudsound-thwack!Gustavocallsithisluckyleftfoot.WhenGustavokicksthesoccerballhardwithhisleftfoot,hecanmakeitflyintothegoal.GustavolivesinRiodeJaneiro,oneofthebiggestcitiesinBrazil.RiodeJaneiroisonthebeachandhasverywarmweather.AllofGustavo’sfriendslovetoplaysoccerwhentheygetoutofschool.Today,thereisanewboyatschool.HisnameisFelipe,andhecomesfromSaoPaulo.SaoPauloisanothercityinBrazilandhaslotsoftallbuildingscalledskyscrapers.Afterschool,theboysinviteFelipetoplaysoccerwiththem.Felipesaysokaybutlooksverynervous,Astheywalktothesoccerfield,GustavoasksFelipe,”What’swrong?“Felipesighsandsays,”Idon’tknowhowtoplaysoccer.Itriedonceandeverybodylaughedatme.“GustavopatsFelipeontheshoulder.”That’salright,“saysGustavo.”Iusedtobereallybadtoo.Youhavetokeeptrying.”Thegamestarts,andGustavomovestothefrontofthefield.Heplaystheforwardpositionandisalwaystryingtoscoreagoalontheotherteam,Gustavofeelshappyeverytimeheplayssoccerandtonightheisplayingevenbetterthanusual.Hestealstheballfromtheotherteamandrunswithitasfastashecan.Finallyhehasscoredtwogoals.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。Afterthegame,GustavoandFelipestayonthefieldtopractice.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TherestoftheweekGustavoandFelipepracticeonthesoccerfieldaftertheotherboysleave.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：題號12345678910答案BBDCABDDCA題號11121314151617181920答案CCDACGBFED題號21222324252627282930答案CDDCACDCBA題號3132333435答案ABCDC1．B2．B3．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三篇廣告，招聘不同的職位以及具體要求。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DriverWanted部分“Cleandrivinglicense(執(zhí)照).(干凈的駕駛執(zhí)照)”可知，應(yīng)聘成為司機需要良好的駕駛記錄，結(jié)合選項，“因超速和違章停車而受到處罰”會阻止杰克為CapesTaxi工作。故選B項。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted部分“AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted(招聘國際航班空姐)”可知，“不想在國外長時間工作”會阻止25歲的瑪麗成為國際航班的空姐。故選B項。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted部分，“AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted(招聘國際航班空姐)”可知，詞是國際航班招聘空姐，廣告提及了對性別的要求；根據(jù)TeachersNeeded部分“Havingcollegeeducation.Teachingexperienceunnecessary.(受過大學(xué)教育。沒有必要有教學(xué)經(jīng)驗)”可知，廣告提及了對教育和工作經(jīng)驗的要求，文中沒有提及婚姻要求。故選D項。4．C5．A6．B7．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了語言學(xué)家NoahWebster編制了美式英語字典，希望美式英語有自己的特點，在文化和國家統(tǒng)一方面產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“HedroppedtheBritish‘u’insomewords.(他在一些單詞中省略了英式的“u”。)”可知，只是一些單詞里被省略了英式的“u”，并不是所有的單詞。因此，選項C“Allthewordsarespelledwithout‘u’.(所有單詞的拼寫都沒有“u”。)”在表述上是錯誤的。故選C項。5．詞義猜測題。分析可知，畫線短語前“ratherthan(而不是)”表達(dá)相反關(guān)系，而前文“WebsterbelievedthatAmericansshouldhavetheirowndictionary(Webster認(rèn)為美國人應(yīng)該有自己的字典)”表達(dá)了“有自己的美式字典”，即，不需要依賴英式詞典。由此推知，“relyon”應(yīng)是“依靠，依賴”含義，與選項A“Dependon.(依靠，依賴)”表達(dá)含義一致。故選A項。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Linguistsbelievedithelpedanewcountryachieveunity

andculturalindependenceatatimewhenmostpeoplecaredaboutpoliticalfreedom.(語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為，在大多數(shù)人關(guān)心政治自由的時候，它幫助一個新國家實現(xiàn)了統(tǒng)一和文化獨立。)”可知，語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為Webster的美式詞典使美國在文化上實現(xiàn)了獨立和統(tǒng)一，使美國人通過共同的美式英語走到了一起。由此可推知，在人們看來，除了它的文化影響外，它還幫助美國人團結(jié)起來。故選B項。7．主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章可知，文章首段內(nèi)容“Infact,thedifferenceinspellingwasstartedbyNoahWebster(1758-1843).HewasateacherwhoreformedEnglishtomakeAmericanidentitystronger.(事實上，拼寫上的差異始于NoahWebster（1758-1843）。他是一名教師，他改革了英式英語，使其更具有美式特點。)”為主題句，即，文章主要講述了NoahWebster對英式英語的改革，編寫了美式英語詞典，使其更具備美式特點，在影響方面從文化方面延伸到國家統(tǒng)一。選項D“NoahWebsterwroteanAmericanEnglishdictionaryandreformedEnglish.(NoahWebster寫了一本美國英語詞典，改革了英語。)”可概括文章主旨大意。故選D項。8．D9．C10．A11．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了理查德·艾倫被黃蜂蜇后的自救的故事及與死亡作斗爭的過程。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Allenhadheardthatwaspscanbecomemorelikelytostinginsummer.(艾倫聽說黃蜂在夏天更容易蜇人。)”可知，文章中提到，當(dāng)最熱的季節(jié)到來時，黃蜂更容易攻擊。故選D。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“However,whathedidn’tknowwasthatthefirststinghadturnedhisbodyintoatimebombwaitingforthenexttosetoffanexplosion.(然而，他不知道的是，第一次刺痛已經(jīng)把他的身體變成了一個定時炸彈，等待下一次引爆。)”可知，他并不知道的是他的第一次被蜇已經(jīng)使他的身體變成了再蜇一次便隨即爆炸的定時炸彈。由此可知，艾倫不知道，如果再被黃蜂蜇一下，他肯定會沒命。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Hereachedfortheradiomike,tryingtocallthemini-buscenter,buthiswordswerehardlyunderstandable.(他伸手去拿麥克風(fēng)，試圖給小巴中心打電話，但他的話讓人聽不懂。)”可知，艾倫第一次嘗試向小巴中心發(fā)送信息時失敗了，因為他說話不清楚。故選A。11．主旨大意題。文章講述了理查德·艾倫被黃蜂蜇后的自救的故事及與死亡作斗爭的過程。由此可知，C項：ARaceAgainstDeath(與死亡賽跑)是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選C。12．C13．D14．A15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了軍蟻的生活習(xí)性、集體行為以及它們在建造橋梁時展現(xiàn)出的智慧，通過具體的事例和觀察結(jié)果來闡述軍蟻的特點和行為模式。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ArmyantsaremainlydistributedinSouthAmericaandAfricaandmostlyliveintheAmazonRiverbasin.Theyliketoliveingroupsandgenerallyoneortwomillioninagroup.Theyaremigratory,havenofixedonthemove.Whenencounteringobstaclessuchasgaps,armyantsareabletoconnecttheirbodiestoeachotherandbuildabridgeforlargegroupsofantstopassthrough,savingcrawlingdistance.Thebridgecanbebuiltandremovedveryquickly,inseconds.(行軍蟻主要分布在南美洲和非洲，主要生活在亞馬遜河流域。它們喜歡群居，通常是一到兩百萬只。它們是遷徙的，沒有固定的遷徙地點。當(dāng)遇到縫隙等障礙物時，軍蟻能夠?qū)⒈舜说纳眢w連接在一起，為大群螞蟻搭建橋梁，從而節(jié)省爬行距離。這座橋可以在幾秒鐘內(nèi)迅速建造和拆除)”可知，本段主要介紹了軍蟻的生活習(xí)性，如它們喜歡群居，一般一個群體有一兩百萬只，它們是遷徙性的，沒有固定的住所，遇到障礙時可以連接身體建造橋梁等。故選C項。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,afterobservation,itwasfoundthattheantbridgewouldconstantlychangeaccordingtothearmyants’knowledgeoftheoutsideworld.Theantbridgecanmoveslowlyfromtheoriginalposition,increasingthenumberofantsinthebridge,extendingthelengthofthebridge,sothatotherantsmaysavealotofeffortsbyusingtheantbridgeinsteadoftakingotherroutes.(但經(jīng)過觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻橋會根據(jù)軍蟻對外部世界的了解情況不斷變化。螞蟻橋可以從原來的位置慢慢移動，增加橋中螞蟻的數(shù)量，延長橋的長度，這樣其他螞蟻可以通過使用螞蟻橋而不是走其他路線來節(jié)省很多精力)”可知，軍蟻建造的橋梁會根據(jù)需要不斷調(diào)整。故選D項。14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Theantbridgecanmoveslowlyfromtheoriginalposition,increasingthenumberofantsinthebridge,extendingthelengthofthebridge,sothatotherantsmaysavealotofeffortsbyusingtheantbridgeinsteadoftakingotherroutes.(螞蟻橋可以從原來的位置慢慢移動，增加橋中螞蟻的數(shù)量，延長橋的長度，這樣其他螞蟻可以通過使用螞蟻橋而不是走其他路線來節(jié)省很多精力)”可知，軍蟻建造的橋梁可以不斷增加螞蟻的數(shù)量，延長橋梁的長度，這樣其他螞蟻就可以節(jié)省很多精力，而不是走其他路線。因此，軍蟻建造橋梁的目的是為了不斷“減少”到達(dá)目標(biāo)區(qū)域的距離，即compress在這里的意思是“減少”，和A項意思相近。故選A項。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Researchersbelievethatarmyantsusethebestmethodsintheconstructionofbridges.Sincetheantsinvolvedinbuildingthebridgeareunabletoparticipateinotherwork,thecolonystopsputtinginmoreantsassoonasitfindsthatthenumberofantsputintoextendingthebridgeisoutofbalancewiththenumberofantsneededforotherjobs.(研究人員認(rèn)為，軍蟻在建造橋梁時使用了最好的方法。由于參與建造橋梁的螞蟻無法參與其他工作，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)用于建造橋梁的螞蟻數(shù)量與其他工作所需的螞蟻數(shù)量失衡，蟻群就會停止投入更多的螞蟻)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了軍蟻的集體智慧，如建造橋梁、根據(jù)外界情況不斷調(diào)整橋梁等，因此寫作目的是展示軍蟻的集體智慧。故選C項。16．G17．B18．F19．E20．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些使家里保持干凈和氣味清新的措施。16．根據(jù)前一句“Usually,youspendmostofyourtimeathome.（通常，你的大部分時間都是在家里度過的）”可知，待在家里的時候肯定想要一個整潔的環(huán)境和聞起來清新的家。G項“你肯定想要有一個聞起來清新的家”符合語境。故選G。17．根據(jù)空后“Additionally,pickupanyobjectsfromthefloor,suchasclothingortowels,andplacetheminthebox.Washyourdishesdaily,whichwillkeepyourhomesmellingfresh.（此外，從地板上撿起任何物品，如衣服或毛巾，并將其放入盒子中。每天洗碗，這會讓你的家保持清新。）”可知，本段主要講述怎么做才能保持家里清新整潔的具體措施，B項“每天打掃廚房”也是具體的舉措之一，符合語境。故選B。18．根據(jù)前文“Washyourbedclothesonaweeklybasis.（每周洗一次床上用品。）”可知，每周洗一次床上用品也是保持家里整潔清新的必要措施，所以花費一些時間也是必要的。F項“顯然，花時間在這些問題上是值得的?！狈险Z境。故選F。19．根據(jù)前文“Batheyourdoganditsbeddingregularly.（定期給你的狗和它的被褥洗澡。）”可知，保持家里清新的必要措施是給狗和它的被褥洗澡，E項中的Mostdogs呼應(yīng)本文中的主題?！癰enefitfromanonce-a-weekbath（從每周的洗澡中受益）”能夠承接下文，講述了給狗洗澡的好處。故選E。20．根據(jù)“Shampoo（用洗滌劑洗）yourcarpets.（用洗滌劑清洗地毯）”可知，本段講述為什么要清洗地毯，D項的thematerial指的是carpets，以及空后“Sothedirtycarpetscanmakeyourentirehomesmellnot-so-fresh.（所以臟地毯會讓你的整個家聞起來不那么清新。）”可知，難聞的氣味會藏在毛毯下，D項能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。21．C22．D23．D24．C25．A26．C27．D28．C29．B30．A31．A32．B33．C34．D35．C【分析】試題分析：本文講述的了年過八十的喜歡開快車的瓊斯女士因為闖紅燈被跟在她車后的警察逮到而上法庭，在被警察逮到前她非常驕傲她的記錄——開車三十五年，從未因為犯規(guī)而被懲罰。在法官本因為年齡過高，眼神不好使為由判她無罪時，瓊斯女士為證明自己寶刀未老而從針線包內(nèi)拿出超細(xì)鼻眼的針毫無障礙地在法官面前穿了一遍，并且她還邀請法官穿。結(jié)果，瓊斯女士被懲罰，她引以為傲的記錄被打破。21．考查同位語從句。Sheloveddrivingveryfast,andwasproudofthefactshehadnever,inherthirty-fiveyearsofdriving,beenpunishedadrivingoffence.Thefact后接的是同位語從句，跟在fact后的引導(dǎo)詞一般是that.句意：她喜歡開飛車，并且她還有個令她驕傲的事實——在她開車生涯的35年中，她從沒有因為違章駕駛而被懲罰。故選C.22．考查介詞辨析。punishsbforsth/doingsth因某事/犯某事而懲罰某人punishsthby/withsth對……判罪，判定……的處罰。Punish不跟A.B.C.幾個介詞搭配使用。句意：她喜歡開飛車，并且她還有個令她驕傲的事實——在她開車生涯的35年中，她從沒有因為違章駕駛而被懲罰。故選D.23．考查動詞辨析。A.保持，維持B.贏得C.錯過D.失去，丟掉句意：然而有一天她差點兒失去了她的記錄。故選D.24．考查動詞辨析。A.觀察，注釋B.在……之后C.跟在……后面D.追趕，追逐句意：一個警察巡邏車跟在她后面，警察在車內(nèi)看到她經(jīng)過紅燈而沒停。故選C.25．考查動詞辨析。A.經(jīng)過B.走，趨于C.奔跑，經(jīng)營D.沖，奔。句意：巡邏車跟在她后面，警察在車內(nèi)看到她經(jīng)過紅燈而沒停。故選A.26．考查形容詞辨析。A.確切的，一定的B.確實，的確C.無疑的，確定的D.或許A.C的區(qū)別在于certain強調(diào)的是對客觀事實的確定而sure強調(diào)的是對主觀認(rèn)識的肯定，并且在It…that…中只能用certain.句意：她即將被懲處似乎毫無疑問。故選C.27．考查連詞辨析。A.在……之前B.然而，當(dāng)……時候C.直到……D.當(dāng)……時候B.D的區(qū)別在于，while后接延續(xù)性動作。句意：當(dāng)瓊斯女士出現(xiàn)在法官面前時，法官仔細(xì)地看了看她，說，她太老以至于不能開車。故選D.28．考查too…to…的用法。Too…to…太……以至于不能……句意：當(dāng)瓊斯女士出現(xiàn)在法官面前時，法官仔細(xì)地看了看她，說，她太老以至于不能開車。29．考查名詞辨析。A.原因B.理由，原因C.物質(zhì)，原因D.麻煩andthatthewhyshehadnotstoppedat…根據(jù)分析排除D.，固定搭配：thereasonwhy………的原因。句意：他說，她不能再紅燈面前停車的原因是她視力因為年事已高而變得微弱。故選B.30．考查細(xì)節(jié)推理。根據(jù)Apolicecarher,andthepolicemeninitsawheraredlightwithoutstopping.可以推斷出attheredwasmostprobablythat橫線上填light。句意：他說，她不能再紅燈面前停車的原因是她視力因為年事已高而變得微弱。故選A.31．考查連詞辨析。A.因為B.因為C.因為，為了D.由……組成B.C后一般跟句子，原文中橫線后跟的是oldage。句意：他說，她不能再紅燈面前停車的原因是她視力因為年事已高而變得微弱，以至于她不能輕易地看見。故選A.32．考查細(xì)節(jié)推理。四個選項都有說，講的意思，但根據(jù)helookedatherseriouslyandsaidthatshewas

oldtodriveacar,可以推斷出橫線上填saying。句意：當(dāng)法官講完了他想說的話后，瓊斯女士打開了她攜帶的大包然后拿出了她的小針線包。故選B.33．考查動詞辨析。A.堅持，開展B.得到，獲得C.攜帶D.帶來句意：當(dāng)法官講完了他想說的話后，瓊斯女士打開了她攜帶的大包然后拿出了她的小針線包。故選C.34．考查動詞辨析。A.拿，取B.帶來C.挑選D.選出根據(jù)分析得出，橫線上應(yīng)填選出，拿出之意，A.C.D都符合，但takeout/pickup才有取出，拿出，選出之意，句意：當(dāng)法官講完了他想說的話后，瓊斯女士打開了她攜帶的大包然后拿出了她的小針線包。故選D.35．考查副詞辨析。A.幾乎B.幾乎不C.成功地D.成功的Whenshehaddonethis據(jù)分析橫向上應(yīng)填一個表肯定的副詞，排除B.D.句意：當(dāng)她成功的一穿即過后，她把線拉出來，將針和線遞給法官。故選C.考點：考查記敘文閱讀.36．hascome37．a(chǎn)38．like39．that40．strangeness41．extremely42．eating43．betied44．tostop45．with【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了自己在太空站的六個月的奇妙經(jīng)歷。36．考查時態(tài)。句意：在太空生活是每個想成為宇航員的人的夢想。我在空間站的六個月停留已經(jīng)結(jié)束，這是一次充滿挑戰(zhàn)但神奇的冒險。根據(jù)and可知，前后時態(tài)一致，為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語stay為單數(shù)，故填hascome。37．考查冠詞。句意：在太空生活是每個想成為宇航員的人的夢想。我在空間站的六個月停留已經(jīng)結(jié)束，這是一次充滿挑戰(zhàn)但神奇的冒險。此處表示泛指一次冒險，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞，且challenging發(fā)音是以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，故填a。38．考查介詞。句意：我敢打賭，你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么樣的，以及它與地球上的生活有何不同——低重力肯定會讓普通的事情變得奇怪！此處對事物的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行提問，應(yīng)使用介詞like，表示“像”，故填like。39．考查代詞。句意：我敢打賭，你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么樣的，以及它與地球上的生活有何不同——低重力肯定會讓普通的事情變得奇怪！此處表示前面提到的同類事物dailylife，為單數(shù)，應(yīng)使用that，故填that。40．考查名詞。句意：從我們睡覺的那一刻起，生活在太空中的陌生感就顯而易見了。此處應(yīng)使用名詞作主語，應(yīng)使用strangeness，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填strangeness。41．考查副詞。句意：占據(jù)一天大部分時間的日常任務(wù)要求很高，但也可能是非常有回報的。此處應(yīng)使用副詞修飾形容詞rewarding作狀語，故填extremely。42．考查動名詞。句意：鑒于低重力環(huán)境，在太空中進(jìn)食也有所不同。此處使用動名詞作主語，故填eating。43．考查語態(tài)。句意：我們必須綁在專門設(shè)計的鍛煉設(shè)備上，以防止自己四處漂浮。havetodo固定搭配，意為“不得不做”，主語we和動詞tie是被動關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用bedone的形式，放在不定式后面，故填betied。44．考查動詞不定式。句意：我們必須綁在專門設(shè)計的鍛煉設(shè)備上，以防止自己四處漂浮。此處表示目的，應(yīng)使用動詞不定式，故填tostop。45．考查介詞。句意：在我們的休閑時間里，沒有什么比和其他船員坐在一起，看著我們非凡的星球經(jīng)過，為我們的家人和朋友在