Unit 2 How often do you exercise核心語法（人教版）(教師版)

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?內(nèi)容提要：頻度副詞How及How短語短語引導的特殊疑問句頻度副詞舊知識復(fù)習副詞：用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等的詞。Hegotuplate.Thebookisveryinteresting.Herunssoslowly.副詞的分類：副詞可分為時間副詞、地點副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、頻度副詞、疑問副詞、關(guān)系副詞、連接副詞等，以下為7,8年級常見的副詞。時間副詞：表示動作發(fā)生的時間ago以前；now現(xiàn)在；today在今天；tomorrow在明天；yesterday在昨天；soon很快；justnow剛剛；then那時；finally最終；recently最近...注意：句中出現(xiàn)不同的時間副詞，應(yīng)使用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。比較下列句子：Lindadidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.Jennyissingingnow.Hewillcometomorrow.Tomlefttheclassroomjustnow.地點副詞：表示動作發(fā)生的地點back在后面；everywhere到處；home在家；here這兒；there那里；outside在外邊；outdoors在戶外；indoors在室內(nèi)；down在下邊；up在上邊...注意：地點副詞前一般不用介詞比較下列句子：Hewenthomeyesterday.(home是副詞，前面不用to)Hewenttotownjustnow.(town是名詞，前面要用介詞to)方式副詞：表示動作發(fā)生的方式 slowly緩慢地；quickly快速地；carefully細心地；clearly清楚地；politely有禮貌地；hard努力地；loudly大聲地...程度副詞：描述動作、行為或狀態(tài)的程度much非常，很；little很少；very很，非常；pretty相當,很；nearly幾乎；really真正地；enough足夠；too太；toomuch太多；muchtoo太...疑問副詞：主要用于引導特殊疑問句when什么時候；how怎樣，如何；where在哪里；why為什么...頻度副詞：表示事情發(fā)生的頻率always總是；hardly幾乎不；sometimes有時；never從不；seldom極少；usually通常；often經(jīng)常隨學隨練用所給詞適當形式填空，注意句中的時間副詞。Wevisited(visit)thesciencemuseumlastSunday.Theboysaresinging(sing)now.Amywas(be)inthelibraryjustnow.Hearrived(arrive)inBeijingthreedaysago.對劃線部分提問，注意選擇正確的疑問副詞。Hewenttothemuseumbybike.Howdidhegotothemuseum?Lilywaswellyesterday.HowwasLilyyesterday?Johndidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewasnotwell.Whydidn’tJohngotoschool?Iboughtthebookthreedaysago.Whendidyoubuythebook?新知識學習頻度副詞表示事情發(fā)生的頻率的副詞。可以用來回答howoften提問的特殊疑問句。常見頻度副詞常見的頻度副詞有：always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever/seldom,never等。按照頻率，可以按如下表示：always(100%)>usually(80%)>often(60%)>sometimes(40%)>seldom(20%)>hardly

(5%)>never(0%)常見頻度副詞的意義always意為“總是”，表示的頻度最高。Healwaysgetsupearly.usually意為“通?！?表示的頻度略低于always。I'musuallyhomeby6o'clock.often意為“經(jīng)常”，表示某事做了很多次或很多情況下某事都會發(fā)生。Weoftenhavesupperathome.sometimes

意為“有時”。Shesometimestakesawalkalongtheriver.seldom意為“不常，很少”。Sheseldomeatschocolate.hardly(ever)意為“幾乎不”。Shehardlyevercallsme.never意為“從不”。SheneverwenttoHongKong.知識小結(jié)：always；usually;often;sometimes一般含有肯定√/否定含義(勾選)。seldom;hardlyever;never一般含有肯定/否定√含義(勾選)。頻度副詞在句中的位置Thechildrenalwaysseemtobehungry.Thereisalwayssomebodyathomeintheevenings.

Weoftengothere.Oldhousesareoftenwet.Wehardlyknoweachother.Hecanhardlyfinishthetask(任務(wù))byhimself..知識小結(jié)：當句中有情態(tài)動詞，be動詞等時，頻度副詞一般放在這類動詞(第一個)的前面/后面√(勾選)。當句中只含實義動詞時，頻度副詞一般放在這類動詞的前面√/后面(勾選)。注意：sometimes位置很靈活，可放在句首、句中或句末。often也可放在句末。Sometimeshegoestothesupermarketacrossfromthebank.Hesometimesgoestothesupermarketacrossfromthebank.Hevisitsmeoften.隨學隨練完成下列單項填空—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—No,thanks.IBdrinkit.Ithinkwateristhebest.A.often B.hardly C.usually D.alwaysLindaspoketooquietly.IcouldChearherattheback.A.always B.ever C.hardly D.usuallyThelittleboyisCangrywithhisparentsbecausehethinkstheylovehissistermore.A.neverB.seldomC.oftenD.hardlyWhenyougoabroad(國外),Cforgettobringyourpassport(護照).A.always B.hardly C.never D.sometimesMybrotherhasahealthylivinghabit.HeBstaysuplate,andheisanearlybird.A.usuallyB.hardlyC.often D.always翻譯句子，注意頻度副詞在句中的位置。我爸爸通常開車去上班。(usually)Myfatherusuallygoestoworkbycar./Myfatherusuallydrivestowork.她有時在晚上彈鋼琴。(sometimes)Shesometimesplaysthepianointheevening.他總是能想出一些好的方法。(always)Hecanalwayscomesupwithsomegoodways.她媽媽從來都不對她生氣。(never)Hermotherisneverangrywithher.我每周打2到3次籃球。Iplaybasketball2to3timesaweek.Alice每個月看3或4次電影。Alicegoestothemovies3or4timesamonth.How及How短語短語引導的特殊疑問句舊知識復(fù)習how引導特殊疑問句的用法how意為“如何;怎樣”，常見用法如下：詢問方式Howdoyougotoschool?你怎么去學校？詢問健康狀況Howisyourmothertoday?你媽媽今天怎么樣？詢問是否成功或愉快Howwasyourtrip?你旅行愉快嗎？7年級已學過的how的短語復(fù)習howmany/howmuchHowmanyapplesdoyouhave?Howmuchwaterdoyoubring?Howmucharetheseapples?Howmuchisthejuice?知識小結(jié)：howmany用來詢問數(shù)量，表示“有多少”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。howmuch也可以用來詢問數(shù)量，后接不可數(shù)名詞。howmuch還可以用來詢問價錢或價格，后即可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。howoldHowoldareyou?Howoldisyoursister?知識小結(jié)：howold用來詢問年齡，表示“多少歲了”。howaboutHowaboutthisblueone?Howaboutplayingbasketball?知識小結(jié)：howabout可以用來詢問信息，表示“...怎么樣，...情況如何”。也可以用來提出建議，表示“...怎么樣，...行不行”。howabout后接名詞(短語)；后接動詞時，動詞要改為動詞-ing形式。與howabout有相同用法的短語為whatabout。howlong—Howlongdoesittaketogettoschool?—(For)10minutes—Howlongistheriver?—It’s120meters.知識小結(jié)：howlong可以用來詢問多長時間，回答時用時間段，或“for+一段時間”。howlong也可以詢問物體的長度。howfar—Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?—Twokilometers.知識小結(jié)：howfar表示“多遠”，用來詢問多長距離。對于howfar的回答有以下幾種方式：—Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?—Twokilometers.直接回答距離—Howfarisitfromthestationtothepark?—Tenminutesbybike.回答時間+交通方式—Howfarisitfromthelibrarytotheplayground?—Fiveminutes’walk.回答時間所有格+交通方式名詞新知識學習howoften的用法howoften詢問做某事的頻度，意為“多久一次”。Howoftendoyouplaybasketball?你多久打一次籃球？howoften問句的回答—Howoftendoyougotothemovies?—Isometimesgotothemovies.—Howoftendoyougoshopping?—Ihardlyevergoshopping.—Howoftendoesyoursisterbrushherteeth?—Twiceaday.—HowoftendoesLilywashhershoes?—Threetimesamonth.—HowoftendoesyourfatherwatchTV?—Everyday.—HowoftendoyouvisitHuangshanMountain?—Everyyear.知識小結(jié)：從(1)(2)組句子可以得出，回答howoften的問句可以用頻度副詞回答。從(3)(4)組句子可以得出，回答howoften的問句可以用次數(shù)+時間段回答。從(5)(6)組句子可以得出，回答howoften的問句可以用every+day/month/year等回答。次數(shù)的表達一次用once；兩次用twice。三次及以上用基數(shù)詞+times表示，如4次，用fourtimes；8次是eighttimes等?！皫状蔚綆状巍?，用基數(shù)詞+to+基數(shù)詞+times表示，如2到4次，是twotofourtimes;1到3次是onetothreetimes等?！皫状位驇状巍庇没鶖?shù)詞+or+基數(shù)詞+times表示，如2到4次，是twoorfourtimes;1到3次是oneorthreetimes等。補充：howsoon的用法howsoon詢問某事還需多長時間結(jié)束，或詢問某事還需多長時間才開始?；卮餳owsoon的問句一般用in+時間段?！狧owsoonwillyoufinishyourhomework?—In10minutes.隨學隨練完成下列單項填空—Aare

these

bananas?—$3.99.A.Howmuch

B.HowlongC.Howmany

D.Howbig—A

Disneyamusementparksarethere

inChina?—Two.

A.Howmany

B.Howoften

C.Howsoon

D.Howlong—B

are

the

students

in

your

class?—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.Howlong

B.Howold

C.Howmany

D.Howoften—C

isitfromtheparktothebank?—Tenminutebybike.A.Howlong

B.Howoften

C.HowfarD.

Howmany

—You

play

the

piano

so

well.Cdoyoutakepianolessons?—Igotopianolessonstwiceaw