專題十八 主從復(fù)合句課件

備戰(zhàn)2022中考英語語法專題過關(guān)專題十八主從復(fù)合句2021年中考考點(diǎn)真題1.(天津)—Couldyoutellme________"theFatherofHybridRice"?—Becausehehelpedmanycountriesgrowmorerice.A.whenwasYuanLongpingcalled B.whyisYuanLongpingcalledC.whenYuanLongpingwascalled D.whyYuanLongpingiscalled2.(達(dá)州)Couldyoutellus?Whendoesthebandstartplayingthisevening?（兩句合并成一句）Couldyoutellus______theband______playingthisevening？D考點(diǎn)1：賓語從句whenstarts2021年中考考點(diǎn)真題3.(天津)Mycousinbecameacountrydoctor________hefinishedmedicalschool.A.after B.sothat C.but D.so4.(無錫)________we?vemadethepromise,let?skeeptoitandnotgiveupeasily.A.Whether B.Since C.Though D.Unless5.(遂寧)Maryshutthewindowjustnow____shecouldkeeptheinsectsout.A.sothat B.when C.till

D.afterAB考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句A2021年中考考點(diǎn)真題6.(貴州)OnDecember31,2020,theNewYearspeech______PresidentXiJinpingmadeencouragedusChinesetoworkharderforourmotherland.A.who B.whose C.which D.what7.(甘肅)Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A.whom B.whose C.who D.whichCC考點(diǎn)3：定語從句主從復(fù)合句賓語從句狀語從句

圖解語法①需要性原則;

that連接代詞:what,which,who,whom,whose等連接副詞:when,how,where,why等語序:引導(dǎo)詞:

陳述句時態(tài):②呼應(yīng)性原則;③特殊性原則;引導(dǎo)詞①原因狀語從句:because,since②時間狀語從句:when,while,before③條件狀語從句:if,unles④目的狀語從句:so

that,

in

order

that⑤讓步狀語從句:though/although⑥方式狀語從句:as,as

if/though⑦結(jié)果狀語從句:so...that...,such...that...③since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句時態(tài):①主將從現(xiàn);②主祈/情從現(xiàn);定語從句

關(guān)系代詞:that,who,which,whom,whose

關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why考點(diǎn)1：賓語從句賓語從句的定義They

know

theteacher.主語

謂語

賓語They

know

thattheteacherisaman.主語

謂語

賓語(句子）賓語從句(OBJECTCLAUSE)是名詞性從句的一種。在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語，位于及物動詞、介詞或復(fù)合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句?？键c(diǎn)1：賓語從句1.that

在句中無詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般可以省略。

Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear.

2.whether/if在從句中不做任何成分，意為"是否"，if/whether不能省略。Idon'tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.3.疑問詞代詞/副詞：what/who/which/when/where/why/how等在從句中做成分，意為與作疑問詞相同，不能省略。Idon'tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.賓語從句的連詞考點(diǎn)1：賓語從句賓語從句的時態(tài)1、主現(xiàn)從任：主句是一般時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用時態(tài)。Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.2、主過從過：主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用與過去有關(guān)的時態(tài)。Shewassorrythatshehadn’tfinishedherworkontime.3、真理永現(xiàn)：當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實(shí)時，即使主句是過去時，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.考點(diǎn)1：賓語從句賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?HeaskedifIdidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.考點(diǎn)1：賓語從句否定轉(zhuǎn)移是指否定形式在主句，而否定的信息焦點(diǎn)卻在從句。否定轉(zhuǎn)移賓語從句的否定前移，需要滿足兩個條件：①主句的主語是I或者是we，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時；②條件是主句的謂語動詞是“認(rèn)為，相信，猜測”概念的動詞“believe,suppose,expect,consider,guess等”。Idon’tbelievehecanfinishhishomeworkintime.Shethinksshecan’tarrivehereontime.1.Iwonder__Tomhadagoodtimehavingapicnicyesterday.A.that B.if C.what D.which2.Roseiswondering__________.A.whatisMattdoing B.wherehasJasongoneC.whenwillAronleave D.whodidthewashing3.Lisaisstudyingabroad.Shehasn'tdecided______backtoChinabecauseoftheCOVID-19.A.ifsheflies B.whethershewillflyC.whenwillshefly D.howwillshefly4.—Couldyoutellme_____thebook?—Sure,Iboughtitonline.A.whyyoubought B.whenyouboughtC.whereyoubought D.howmuchyoupaidforBDBD賓語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句由從句擔(dān)任的狀語，在句子中可修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它可以用來表示時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。①時間狀語從句:表示時間的狀語從句可由when,as,while,after,before,till(until),since,assoonas等引導(dǎo)。WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.1、when,

while都有“當(dāng)……時候”的意思.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句when與while的使用when既可表示某一點(diǎn)時間,也可以表示某一段時間。在when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中,其謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的,也可以是非延續(xù)性的,可與主句中的謂語動詞同時發(fā)生,也可在其后發(fā)生。Iwasjustreadingabookwhensheknockedatthedoor.IwasjustreadingabookwhentheywerewatchingTV.1、when,

while都有“當(dāng)……時候”的意思.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句when與while的使用while只能表示某一段時間,不能表示某一點(diǎn)時間.在while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中,其謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性的,而且也只能與主句中的謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或存在.WhileIwasjustreadingabook,sheknockedatthedoor.WhileIwasjustreadingabook,

theywerewatchingTV.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句as的使用①.某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生Asthesunrose,thefrogdispersed.Theystrolledintothegardenasthemusicceased.②.在某事發(fā)生的過程中另一事發(fā)生IheardthemurmuroftheirvoicesasIcrossedthehall.Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.③.兩個動作同時發(fā)生Hesmiledashepassed.Wegetwiseraswegetolder.until的用法

考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句until是一個表示時間的詞匯，它作介詞或連詞，意思是“到…時;直到…為止”。Theyplayedfootballuntilitwasdark.表示謂語動作一直持續(xù)到所說時間為止，如圖所示：主句時間狀語Itwasdark.Theyplayedfootballuntiluntil的用法

考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句not...until...“直到......才”，

Ididn’tleaveuntilIfinishedmywork.表示謂語動作從until表示的時間才開始，

如圖所示：主句時間狀語Ifinishedmywork.Ididn’tleaveuntilIbegantoleave.此句中until常?？梢院蚥efore意思相似，所以可用before互換。Hejoined...考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在Itis+時間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。Hehasbeenheresincehejoinedthearmy.Heishere...Itisfiveyearssince

hejoinedthearmy.since的用法

assoonas表示“一...就...”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句assoonas的用法

1、指未發(fā)生的動作，規(guī)律是：主句一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback.

2、指緊接著發(fā)生的兩個短動作，主從句都用一般過去時或一般現(xiàn)在時。HetookouthisEnglishbooksassoonashesatdown.

Assoonashefinisheshisclasswork,herunsoutoftheclass.1.Myfather__________(take)metoschooleverydaywhenIwasaprimaryschoolstudent.2.I__________(do)myhomeworkwhenmymothercamebackfromwork.3.AcoupleofGermans__________(take)meforarideseveraltimessinceIcametoGermany.4.I?llcallyouassoonasLucy________(reach)HongKongtomorrow.5.Whenhesawme,hetoldmethenewsatonce.(為同義句）Hetoldmethenews____________hesawme.6.Johnwillgotobedafterhefinisheshishomework.John_________gotobed_______hefinisheshishomework.tookwasdoinghavetakenreachesassoonaswon'tuntil時間狀語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)if的用法●.if

從屬連詞，表示“假如”“如果”時，

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。Ifit

doesn‘t

rain,wewillgototheparknextSunday.if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句在時態(tài)上遵循以下原則：1、主將從現(xiàn)（主句為一般將來時,從句為一般現(xiàn)在時）；Ifitrains,Iwillstayathome.2、主情從現(xiàn)（主句含有情態(tài)動詞，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時)；Ifyoudrivetoofast,youmayhaveanaccident.3、主祈從現(xiàn)（主句為祈使句,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)）；Don'tplaycomputergamesifyoudon'tfinishyourhomework.(從句)(主句)考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句unless的基本用法unless在意義上相當(dāng)于if...not，因此在有些場合中unless與if...not可互換使用。UnlessIammistaken，I’veseenthatmanbefore．=lfIamnotmistaken，I’veseenthatmanbefore．

用法在unles引導(dǎo)的肯定形式的條件句中。通常用肯定詞(some,already,still,too,aswell等)；在if...not引導(dǎo)的條件句中．通常用非肯定詞(any．yet．ever．either．a(chǎn)tall等)YoullneverreallyknowwhathappinessisunlessyouhavesomethingtocompareittoIwillinformherifyouhaven’tspokentoheryet．考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句aslongas的用法

aslongas在本句中意思是“只要，如果”，這個用法帶有假設(shè)的語意，

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句?？捎糜诰渥娱_頭，起到引導(dǎo)作用；也可放在句中，起到轉(zhuǎn)折作用。Youcangoout,as/solongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11o'clock.你可以出去，只要你答應(yīng)在11點(diǎn)之前回來。（翻譯）條件狀語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)1.Youcan'tmakeprogressinmathlearning________youworkharder.A.if

B.after

C.unless

D.because2.Wewillmakefewermistakes___wearecarefulenough.A.aslongas

B.sothat

C.asfaras

D.evenif3.—Mikewantstoknowif_______apicnictomorrow.—Yes.Butifit_______,we?llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave;willrain

B.youwillhave;willrainC.youwillhave;rains

D.willyouhave;rains4.—MayIgotothemovieswithyou?—I?mafraidnot________youhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.CACunlessso...that的用法考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句so...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此……以至于”，so為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞；that后跟從句，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)主要有：Tomranso

fast

thatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.Tomisso

tallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.Weplantedso

manytreesthisyearthattheenviromentbecamebetterandbetter.such...that...意為“如此……以至于……”也引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，

such修飾名詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：such...that的用法考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句Tomissuchatallman

thathealmostreachestheceiling.Itissuchusefuladvice???????thatmysisterthinksitisworthtaking.Heisdoingsuchimportantwork

thatvillagersaregratefultohim.連詞釋義例句inorderthat為了,以便IstartedearlyinorderthatIcouldarrivebeforedark.sothat為的是,以便You'dbettertakeamapwithyousothatyouwon'tgetlost.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句目的狀語從句考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句

(1)so....that:意為“如此......以至于.....";用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。eg：Shewassoangrythatshecouldn'tspeak.(她太生氣了，以至于說不出來話了。)

(2)

sothat:意為“為的是，以便于”,用來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。Ireadmorebookssothaticancatchupwithmyclassmates.(我讀更多的書，以便能趕上我的同學(xué)。)so....that,與sothat的辨析1.Everyday,hegetsupearly_____hecancatchthefirstbus.A.because B.since C.when D.sothat2.Thebookis_____interesting____Ican'tputitdown．A.so；that B.such；that C.too；to D.very；that3.SantaishanForestParkis__________beautifulthatithasbecomeahottouristattraction.A.so B.very C.such D.quite4.Ourheadmasterasksustowatchnewseveryday______wecanfindoutwhat'sgoingonaroundtheworld.A.sothat B.eventhough C.inorderto

D.insteadof結(jié)果、目的狀語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)D

A

A

A

原因狀語從句連詞釋義例句because因?yàn)镋veryonelikesmybrotherbecauseheisfriendly.since因?yàn)?既然Sincewehavenoideaaboutit,let'saskMr.Li.as因?yàn)?由于Asitwasgettinglate,wetookthechildrenhome.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句讓步狀語從句連詞釋義例句though/although雖然,盡管Though/Althoughheisrich,helivesasimplelife.eventhough/evenif即使Evenif/thoughwefail,wewillnotstoptrying.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句原因、讓步狀語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)1.Myfatherdidn?tbuythatcamera____itwastooexpensive.A.though B.because C.if D.so2._________peoplehavetobeatleast18togetthevaccinate(疫苗),Ihavetowaitseveralweeksformynextbirthday.A.Since B.Before C.Until D.When3.Ithinkthiskindofmobilephonewillbefashionablethisyear,________I?mnotcompletelysure.A.as B.if C.until D.though4.—Whydopeoplelikepopmusic?Ihateitsomuch.—__________itisnotyourstyle,thatdoesn?tmeanitisbad.A.AslongasB.Assoonas C.Sothat D.EventhoughBADD連詞釋義例句whenever無論何時Wheneveryouneedsomehelp,givemeacall.however無論如何Howeverdifficultthetaskis,wemustcompleteit.whatever無論什么WhateveryoudoI'mbehindyou.考點(diǎn)2：狀語從句定語從句的定義：是用來修飾名詞或代詞的從句，起形容詞作用，也稱為形容詞性從句?？键c(diǎn)3：定語從句定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.定語從句的位置：定語從句通常置于它修飾的名詞或代詞之后，是一種后置定語。定語從句構(gòu)成：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句。先行詞被從句修飾或限定的對象。關(guān)系詞①連接主從句。②指代先行詞。

③在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分。從句考點(diǎn)3：定語從句定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞Thepresentwhich/thathesentmeisanicewatch.Hesentmeapresent.Thepresentisanicewatch.指代present當(dāng)先行詞是物，并在從句中做主語或賓語時，關(guān)系代詞可用which或that；關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)從句主語時，不能省略，充當(dāng)賓語時，可以省略。考點(diǎn)3：定語從句定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞Heisastudent(who,whom,that)weshouldlearnfrom.HeisastudentWeshouldlearnfromhim.指代student當(dāng)先行詞是人，在從句中做主語或賓語時，關(guān)系代詞用who或that；在從句中做賓語，也可用whom,做介詞的賓語時，不能用who。關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)從句主語時，不能省略，充當(dāng)賓語時，可以省略?？键c(diǎn)3：定語從句定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞IsthereanyonewhosenameisLinda?Isthereanyone?HernameisLinda.指代anyone’swhose

做先行詞的所有格，先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物。定語從句---考點(diǎn)練習(xí)1.—DoyouknowLiZiqi?—Ofcourse.Sheisabeautifulgirl__