單元提升卷05 選必一Unit 5 Working the Land（學(xué)生版） 2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)通關(guān)卷（新高考）

單元提升卷05Unit5WorkingtheLand單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)鞏固Ⅰ.核心單詞1._______________________ n.不足;缺少;短缺2._______________________ vt.解決(難題);應(yīng)付(局面);處理3._______________________ n.現(xiàn)實(shí);實(shí)際情況;事實(shí)4._______________________ vt.使相信;使確信;說服5._______________________ n.假定;設(shè)定;(責(zé)任的)承擔(dān);(權(quán)利的)獲得6._______________________ vt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得;得到7._______________________ vt.克服;解決;戰(zhàn)勝8._______________________ adj.熱切的;十分強(qiáng)烈的;激烈的9._______________________ vt.產(chǎn)生;引起10._______________________ adj.完全必要的;極其重要的Ⅱ.拓展單詞1.devotevt.把……獻(xiàn)(給);把……專用于;專心于→_______________________adj.專心的→_______________________n.獻(xiàn)身,熱愛2.deepadj.深的→_______________________n.向下(或向里)的距離;深(度)3.expandv.擴(kuò)大;發(fā)展→_______________________n.擴(kuò)大,發(fā)展4.conventionn.慣例;常規(guī);習(xí)俗→_______________________adj.習(xí)慣的,傳統(tǒng)的5.charactern.個(gè)性;品質(zhì);字符;人物→____________________n.特征;特點(diǎn);品質(zhì)adj.典型的;獨(dú)特的6.estimatevt.估計(jì)→_______________________n.估算;估價(jià)7.consumev.消費(fèi)→_______________________n.消費(fèi)→_______________________n.消費(fèi)者8.nutritionn.營(yíng)養(yǎng);滋養(yǎng)→___________________adj.有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的→___________________adj.營(yíng)養(yǎng)(物)的9.digestv.消化→_______________________n.消化;領(lǐng)悟10.entireadj.整個(gè)的;完全的;全部的→_____________________adv.完全地;全然地;整個(gè)地III.核心短語(yǔ)1._______________________把……用于;獻(xiàn)身;致力;專心2._______________________ 包括;由……組成(或構(gòu)成)

3._______________________ 在內(nèi)心深處;本質(zhì)上;實(shí)際上

4._______________________ 相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流

5._______________________ 例如;比如

6._______________________ 轉(zhuǎn)向

7._______________________ 使……免受(影響、傷害等)

8._______________________ 擴(kuò)大成/發(fā)展成為……

9._______________________通過不懈的努力10._______________________ 幾乎相反,遠(yuǎn)非;遠(yuǎn)離

一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(essential),wearetalkingabouttheworldwarperiod.2．Thecompany,NewEnglandElectric,burnscoal(generate)power.3．Itisunwiseto(estimate)youropponent’sstrengthandintelligence.4．Thewastewaterfromthenearbyfactoryhastobe(chemical)treated.5．Peopletendtohaveapreferencefor(organic)grownvegetables.6．Agriculturecouldbecomethegrowthengineforhungerreductionandpoverty(alleviate).7．SomedifferencesbetweenChineseandforeignsocialmedia(root)incultureandlanguage.8．Childrenwithpoornutritionaresupposedtoeatfoodrichinvitaminsand(mineral).9．ThereisagreatdemandforvolunteersinAfricabecausemanypeoplelivein(poor).10．Sofar,asurveyoftheBritishdiet(reveal)thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.11．We’relookingforaheadmaster,onewhowilldevotehimself(entire)tothecauseofeducation.12．Allhertimedevotedto(do)experiments,shehasnotimeforentertainment.13．Thepathextendedintothe(deep)oftheforest.14．Ifyouareinneedofan(extend)ofthedeadline,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.15．In(real),manywomenareforcedtomakeachoicebetweenfamilyandcareer.16．Peopleonlybecometrue(celebrity)whentheymaintainahighprofilebothintheirprofessionalandprivatelives.17．Althoughthefuel(consume)isgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.18．Eventhoughourearthisrichinwaterresource,thereisstilla(short)ofwaterinmanyplacesbecauseoceanwatercan’tbeuseddirectly.19．Theteacher’sselfless(devote)tothecauseofeducationiswellknown,andallherstudentsrespectandloveher.20．Theymighthelpreduceenergy(consume).21．Asshewrote,shecouldsmellthe(salt)air,hearthecrashingwavesandfeelthepullofthesandbeneathherfeet.22．After(graduate)fromcollege,hewenttotheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudy.23．It(estimate)thattheprojectwilllastfouryears.24．Iyieldedtemptationandhadachocolatebar.25．causedtheaccidenttohappenhasn’tbeenmadeclearyet.26．remainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate.27．wesucceedorfaildependsonoureffortandperseverance.28．VisitorsgototheGettythinkingtheyarevisitingamuseumwithworksofartontheinside.theydiscoverinsteadisaworkofartwithamuseuminside.29．ItisnotclearMichaelwillgocampingontheweekend.30．wecangetintouchwithhimisthemostimportant.高考能力提升二、閱讀理解ATherearemanyscientificbreakthroughsmadebywomenintheAntarctic.HerearefourlandmarksinAntarcticaandthefemalepioneersthey’renamedafter.JonesTerraceTheice-freeterraceineasternAntarctica’sVictoriaLandbearsJones’name.In1969,geochemistLoisM.Jonesledthefirstall-femaleresearchteamfromtheU.S.toworkinAntarctica.JonesandherteamstudiedchemicalweatheringintheMcMurdoDryValleys,anice-freeareaofAntarctica.Throughchemicalanalysesofrockstheyhadcollected,Jonesandherteamdiscoveredmanygeochemicalcharacteristicsofthevalley’sice-coveredlakes.MountFiennes8,202-foot-highMountFiennes,locatedonAntarctica’slargestisland—AlexanderIsland—isnamedafterGinnyFiennes.Sheestablishedandmaintained80-foot-tallradiotowersintheAntarcticwithhercolleagues.In1985,FiennesbecamethefirstfemaleinvitedtojointheAntarcticClub,aBritishsupperclubopentoindividualswhohavespentextendedtimeintheAntarcticregion.FrancisPeakThe3,727-foot-tallpeakonAntarctica’sAdelaideIslandisnamedafterDameJaneFrancis,whoisthefirstfemaledirectoroftheBritishAntarcticSurvey,thenationalpolarresearchinstituteoftheUK.HercollectionoffossilsonSeymourIslandhelpedconcludeina2021paperthatAntarctica’sabundantplantfossilsindicatethecontinentoncehadamuchwarmerclimatethanitcurrentlydoes.PedenCliffsPedenCliffsnearAntarctica’sMarieByrdLandareproofofthelaborofIrenePeden.ShewasthefirstAmericanfemalescientisttobothliveandworkintheAntarctic,wheresheusedradiowavestostudyicesheets.Pedenandherteamdeterminedhowverylowfrequencyradiowavespreadoverlongpolardistancesbymeasuringpathwaysintheice.TheyalsousedvaryingradiowavefrequenciestomeasurethethicknessofAntarctica’sicesheets.31．Whatdothefirsttwopioneershaveincommon?A．TheyanalyzeddifferentchemicalsofrocksinAntarctica.B．TheybothworkedwiththeirownteaminAntarctica.C．Theyconductedtheresearchintheice-freeareasinAntarctica.D．TheyjoinedtheAntarcticClubfortheirstayinAntarctica.32．WhoprovedtheprevioushighertemperaturesoftheAntarctic?A．LoisM.Jones. B．GinnyFiennes.C．DameJaneFrancis. D．IrenePeden.33．WhatisthescientificbreakthroughofIrenePeden?A．ShewasthefirstAmericanscientisttoexploretheAntarctic.B．Shemeasuredthespreadingfrequenciesofradiowaves.C．ShefoundoutthethicknessofAntarctica’sicesheets.D．Shediscoveredalotofice-coveredlakesintheAntarctic.BItwasinabrightly-litroominMexicoCity,Mexico,thatonJune18,2014itwasannouncedthatIndia-bornDrSanjayaRajaramhadbeennamedthewinneroftheWorldFoodPrize.DrRajaramwonthisawardforsuccessfullycrossbreeding(雜交)thewinterandspringwheat(小麥)varieties,whichhavebeentwodistinctandisolatedgenepools(分離的基因庫(kù))sincethebeginningoffarming.Andbecauseofthisbreakthrough,thescientisthasbeenabletobreedover480wheatvarieties.BorninVaranasiin1943,DrRajaramlivedwithhisfamilyoffaplotoflandgrowingwheat,riceandmaize.“AftermyeducationhereinIndia,IwentofftoAustraliaformyPhDandsoonIjoinedCIMMYT(theInternationalMaizeandWheatImprovementCentre)inMexico,wheremycareerasaplantbreederstarted,”saidDrRajaram.“Everycountryisunique—thereareclimatesystems,culture,thefinancialsituationandeachofthenationsIvisitedneededadifferentsetofsolutions,”saidDrRajaram.Hissolutionsbecamepartofwhatiswidelydescribedastheworld’sfirst“wheatnetwork”,aglobalexchangeof“geneticinformationandinnovationsamongresearchers”.Hisvarietiesofwheatwerestronginnutrition,delayed(延遲)theattackofsomeplantdiseasesandwereabletosurvivetheseverestofconditions.Afternearlyhalfacenturyinthefield,DrRajaramsaidhisworkwasstillnotfinished.“Inscience,youneverstoplearning.IhavebeendoingthisallmylifeandI’veneverreallyhadtimeforanythingelse.Asfarashobbiesgo,well,there’sabitofmusicIliketolistentoandthat’sprettymuchit.Ihavebeenonalongjourneyofpushingtheboundaries(邊界)ofwhat’spossibleandtoday,there’sstillworkleft.Learningmustneverstopandtheworldmustnotgohungry.”34．WhywasDrRajaramawardedtheWorldFoodPrize?A．Heimprovedseveralwheatvarietiesgenetically.B．Hecrossbredthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.C．Hesuccessfullybredtwowheatvarieties.D．Hefoundthedifferencebetweenthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.35．WhendidDrRajaramstarttoworkonplantbreeding?A．DuringhiscollegeyearsinIndia.B．WhiledoinghisPhDinAustralia.C．AfterbecomingamemberofCIMMYTinMexico.D．Whilelivingwithhisfamilynearwheat-growingland.36．WhatisoneadvantageofthewheatvarietiesdevelopedbyDrRajaram?A．Theycanbeplantedinanyseason.B．Theyarefreefromtheattackofsomepantdiseases.C．Theycangrowwellinterribleenvironments.D．Theycangrowtallerthantraditionalones.37．WhatcanwelearnaboutDrRajaramfromthelastparagraph?A．Hewastoobusywithworktodevelopanyhobby.B．Hewasn’tsatisfiedwiththeresultsofhisresearch.C．Heplannedtodoresearchinanewfieldofscience.D．Hemadehismindtoworkonworldfoodproblems.三、完形填空Farmsarethebiggestusersoffreshwaterresources.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationsaysagricultureusesseventypercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Thatistheworld38.Withouttherightmeasures,agriculturecanbeamajorcauseofwaterpollution.Butsolutionsdonothaveto39much.Therearesimplemethodsforfarmsofanysizetoreduceor40pollutionofwatersupplies.Wearegoingtotalkaboutafewofthem.Thefirst41fertilisersandpoisons.Onewaysuchchemicalscanentertheenvironmentiswhentheyarenotstoredcorrectly.Storedchemicalscanslowly42thesoilandgetintogroundwater.Tohelpavoidsuchproblems,chemicalsshouldbekeptinstructureswithafloormadeofcement(水泥).Farmanimalscanalsopollutewatersupplies.Animalslikecattle,pigs,sheepandgoatsareoftenleftto43ongrassinopenfieldsbystreamsorrivers.Largeanimalsloosendirtandrocksastheywalkalongwaterwaystodrink.Animal44alsoenterswatersupplies.Expertssayitisimportanttokeeplargefarmanimalsawayfromwatersupplieswiththeuseofafenceor45.Insteadofleadinganimalstowater,bringthewatertothem.Farmerscansendwaterthroughpipestowateringareasfortheiranimalswithpumps46byelectricityorfuel.Human-poweredtreadlepumpsareanothersolution.Trees,bushesandsmallerplantscanactas47barriersalongstreamsandrivers.Bushesprovideexcellentgroundcover48grownnearwaterways.Animals49busheswithsharpthorns(尖刺).Treerootsprovidenaturalsupportforsoil.Treesplantednearwaterwayshelpstopsoillossfromheavyrains.They50helpkeepthesunfromdryingoutsoil.Theyholdsoilinplaceduringrainsand51thewaterflow.Thesemethodswillnotsolveallwaterqualityproblems,52theyaregoodfirststeps.38．A．level B．storage C．a(chǎn)verage D．problem39．A．reduce B．take C．matter D．cost40．A．consider B．create C．prevent D．rescue41．A．dealswith B．takesover C．paysfor D．a(chǎn)daptsto42．A．goup B．stretchin C．makefor D．leakinto43．A．feed B．go C．endanger D．keep44．A．fat B．waste C．food D．medicine45．A．a(chǎn)nything B．nothing C．something D．everything46．A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．used C．made D．powered47．A．well-equipped B．responsible C．strong D．natural48．A．when B．unless C．incase D．until49．A．choose B．protect C．enjoy D．a(chǎn)void50．A．easily B．hardly C．a(chǎn)lso D．either51．A．destroy B．ease C．speedup D．stop52．A．though B．but C．so D．therefore閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JiaSixie,authorofChina’sfirstagriculturalencyclopedia(百科全書),wasoneoftheleadingagronomists(農(nóng)學(xué)家)inChinesehistory.InthelateyearsoftheNorthernWeiDynasty,hewroteQiminYaoshu,the53(early)andmostcompleteagriculturalencyclopediastillinexistenceinChina.JiaSixiewasborninYiduCountyinShandongProvince.Duringhischildhood,Jia’sfamilywasn’twealthy,buthad54richcollectionofbooks.ThisprovidedtheyoungJiawithanopportunitytoreadancientChineseliterature55(wide)onagriculture.HecompletedQiminYaoshuduringthewars,whenhesawamountsof