2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit2Makingadifference素養(yǎng)提升含解析外研版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGE11-單元素養(yǎng)提升(二)Unit2Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theextended(extend)meetingcametoanendlateintothenight.2.AmanrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidandIjoinedinwithouthesitation(hesitate).3.Aided(aid)byheatandstrongwinds,thefirequicklyspread.4.TiangongⅡ’slaunchingwasanimportanthistoricalachievement(achieve)forChina,evenforthewholeworld.5.Tomyrelief(relieve),thenewmedicineboughtfromBeijinghelpedrelievethepainofmybrother’sinjuredleg.6.Herchildhooddreambecameareality(real)whenshebrokethe800mraceworldrecordinthelastOlympicGames.7.One-thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithtreesandthemajority(major)ofthecitizensareblackpeople.8.Weoftenbuyeverythingabroadwiththemoneyearned(earn)fromoilimports.9.Aspirinisasimplebuthighlyeffective(effect)treatment.10.They’retheproblemsleft(leave)overbyhistoryandremainunsolved.Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成句子1.It’stimetostartthinkingoutsidethebox.Inotherwords,it’stimetocomeupwith(想出)creativewaystosavethecoralreefs.

2.Sheusedtodietandexercisetokeepherweightundercontrol(限制).

3.Ifwearetomakeadifference(有影響,使不同)inlife,it’sveryimportantthatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.

4.Thoughhewasbadlyhurt,heslowlyrose/gottohisfeet(站起來(lái)).

5.ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.I’mhopingI’llsetup(創(chuàng)立)myownbusinesssomeday.

6.Atlast,hishardworkmadehisdreamareality(使他的幻想成真).

7.Nowonlyafewpeoplearewillingtodonatetheirorgansaftertheypassaway(去世).

8.Tocontrolyourspending,you’dbetterkeeparecordof(記錄)yourexpenses.

9.Heservedas(充當(dāng))awitnessatthewedding.

10.Whenhislipsbreakintoasmile(綻開笑容),itisenoughtomeltanywoman’sheart.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Hedidn’tknowwhethertolaughortocrywhenheheardthewords.

當(dāng)他聽到這些話的時(shí)候,他哭笑不得。2.Onseeinghismother,hethrewhimselfintohismother’sarms.

一看到母親,他就撲到母親懷里。3.Theirworkfinished,theywenthome.

完成工作,他們回家了。4.Whatwecareisnotyoursexbutyourage.

我們?cè)诤醯牟皇悄愕男詣e而是你的年齡。5.Theepidemicissoseverethatwehavetostayathome.疫情如此嚴(yán)峻,我們不得不待在家里。Ⅳ.閱讀理解ADanielZhang,theformertopmanagerofAlibaba,haslargershoestofillnow.InSeptemberlastyear,hetookovertheroleofchairpersonfromJackMa,whodecidedtostepdownafterbuildingthe$420-billionInternetbusiness.ZhangstudiedfinanceattheShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics.AftergraduatingfromschoolheworkedatagamingcompanyinShanghai.TheShanghainativejoinedAlibabain2007andplayedakeyroleinhelpingtodriveTaobaotoprofit(營(yíng)利).Heisbestknownforstartingthe“Double11”shoppingfestival,whichhasbroughtin50millionyuaninsalesduringthefirstfestivalin2009to268billionyuanin2024.Astoleadershipstyle,ZhangisverydifferentfromMa.Thelattermadeanameforhimselfasanentertainer,dressingupasMichaelJacksonatcompanyevents.Zhanghaskeptamuchlowerprofile(低調(diào)).“Maisaguywithmanyideas.Heisvery,verycreative,”hesaidinaninterview.“I’mtheguywhoalwayswantstoputmyfootontheground.”Theyoungchairperson,however,hasneverwantedaroutinejoborapredictablelife—amessagehegavetostudentsduringa2024eventathisalmamater(母校).ZhangnowhashissightssetonhelpingAlibabafurtherdevelopitsNewRetailstrategy,whichlookstocombineonlineshopping.“Westronglybelievethatbrick-and-mortarstores(實(shí)體店)cancreatehugevalue,buttheirmodelneedstobeupgraded,”Zhangsaidataconferencelastyear.【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了阿里巴巴的新人主席DanielZhang。他于2007年進(jìn)入阿里巴巴,2009年啟動(dòng)了雙十一購(gòu)物節(jié),為阿里巴巴帶來(lái)了巨大利潤(rùn)。他的下一步安排是聯(lián)合線上和線下購(gòu)物,以創(chuàng)建更大的利潤(rùn)。1.WelearnfromthetextthatDanielZhanghas_______.

A.builtAlibabaintoa$420-billionbusinessB.helpedAlibabaachievemostofitssuccessC.replacedJackMaastopmanagerofAlibabaD.startedthe“Double11”shoppingfestival【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的Heisbestknownforstartingthe“Double11”shoppingfestival可知DanielZhang啟動(dòng)了雙十一購(gòu)物節(jié)。2.Theunderlinedword“routine”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.unchanging B.satisfyingC.risky D.low-paid【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段的“I’mtheguywhoalwayswantstoputmyfootontheground.”Theyoungchairperson,however,hasneverwantedaroutinejoborapredictablelife可知DanielZhang認(rèn)為他自己是一個(gè)腳踏實(shí)地的人。然而這個(gè)年輕的主席從來(lái)不想要一個(gè)常規(guī)的工作或者可以預(yù)料的生活。結(jié)合句意,尤其是putmyfootontheground,however和predictablelife可揣測(cè)畫線部分的意思是“一成不變的”。3.WhatisZhang’sopinionaboutJackMa?A.Careful. B.BraveC.Creative D.Friendly.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Maisaguywithmanyideas.Heisvery,verycreative,”hesaidinaninterview.可知DanielZhang認(rèn)為馬云是一個(gè)有很多想法、很有創(chuàng)建性的人。4.WhatisZhang’sfutureplan?A.Makingshoesforpeoplewhohavebigfeet.B.DevelopingAlibabaintotheworld’sbiggestcompany.C.Bringingthe“Double11”shoppingfestivaltotheWest.D.Combiningonlineandofflineshopping.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段的ZhangnowhashissightssetonhelpingAlibabafurtherdevelopitsNewRetailstrategy,whichlookstocombineonlineshopping.可知DanielZhang的目的是幫助阿里巴巴進(jìn)一步發(fā)展零售戰(zhàn)略,該戰(zhàn)略和線上購(gòu)物結(jié)合在一起,即線下購(gòu)物和線上購(gòu)物相結(jié)合。BTravelingbysubwaycansometimesbequiteanadventure,especiallyduringrushhour.Therearethetimeswhenyouhavetoavoidcupsofcoffeethatcouldspill(濺)onyou.Thesmellsofsomepassengers’foodareverystrong,too.AccordingtotheBeijingsubwaypassengerregulations,whichwentintoeffectonMay15th,passengersexceptbabiesandthesickarenolongerallowedtoeatordrinkonthesubway.Violators(違反者)whodonotstopafterbeingaskedtowillbeaskedtogetoff.Theviolationwillalsoberecordedintheviolators’creditrecord.Somesupporttherule.Thereasonisthatthesmelloffoodanddrinkcanannoyotherpassengers.“Thesmelloffoodfillsthecarriage,causingpeoplediscomfort,especiallyinthehotsummer.Besides,eatingonthesubwayproducesrubbish.Andonsubwaytrains,peopleoftenspilltheirdrinks,”saidZhengYiou,17,astudentfromHefei.However,othersquestionthisrule.“Somecitizenslivesofarfromtheirworkplacesthattheyhavelimitedtimetohavebreakfastbeforetheygotowork.Eatingwhiletheytravelsavesthemtimeanddecreasesthechancethattheywillbelateforwork,”HeSonglin,a17-year-oldstudentfromChengdusaid,“Andsomepeople,likethosewithlow-bloodsugarlevels,getsickiftheycan’teatwhentheymust.”O(jiān)therChinesecitieslikeNanjingandChengduhavesimilarregulations.Someforeigncitiesalsobaneatinganddrinkingonthesubway.Forexample,eatinganddrinkinghavelongbeenbannedonthesubwayinWashingtonDC.Singaporefinespeoplewhoeatordrinkonthesubwayupto500Singaporedollars,whichis2,417ChenYanyan,aprofessorfromBeijingUniversityofTechnology,believedweshouldconsidertheneedofsomepeopletoeatordrinkonthesubway.“Commuters(通勤者)andtravelersaresometimestoobusytoeat.MaybewecouldlearnfromTokyo,wheretherearemanysubwaystationsequippedwithservices,allowingpassengerstoeatanddrink,”shesaid.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。依據(jù)5月15日生效的《北京地鐵乘客條例》,除嬰兒和病人外,乘客不得在地鐵上吃喝。違反者被要求停止后不停止的,將被要求下車。違反者的行為也將被記錄在案。一些人支持這一規(guī)定。然而,也有人質(zhì)疑這一規(guī)則。5.InwhichcityweresubwaypassengerregulationscarriedoutonMay15th?A.Chengdu. B.Nanjing.C.WashingtonDC. D.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的依據(jù)5月15日生效的《北京地鐵乘客條例》,除嬰兒和病人外,乘客不得在地鐵上吃喝,可知5月15日實(shí)施地鐵乘客條例的是北京。6.What’sthepunishmentforthepassengerswhobreaktherulesinSingapore?A.Eatingonthesubway.B.Drinkingonthesubway.C.Beingfinedupto2,417yuan.D.Beingaskedtogetoffthetrain.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句,新加坡對(duì)在地鐵上吃喝的人處以最高500新元(約合2417元人民幣)的罰款?？芍谛录悠?違反規(guī)定的乘客會(huì)被罰款最高2417元。7.WhatisChenYanyan’sattitudetoeatingordrinkingonthesubway?A.Worried. B.Sympathetic.C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的通勤者和旅行者有時(shí)忙得吃不下飯?；蛟S我們可以向東京學(xué)習(xí),那里有很多地鐵站供應(yīng)服務(wù),允許乘客吃喝?？芍狢henYanyan對(duì)在地鐵上吃喝持憐憫的看法。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FoodandDrinkBannedonSubwayB.TheAdventureofSubwayTravelingC.WaystoEatandDrinkonSubwayD.TheServicesonSubwayStations【解析】選A。標(biāo)題歸納題。由第一段中的依據(jù)5月15日生效的《北京地鐵乘客條例》,除嬰兒和病人外,乘客不得在地鐵上吃喝。違反者被要求停止后不停止的,將被要求下車。違反者也將在信用記錄上被記錄在案。故可知文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞“禁止在地鐵上吃喝”這一話題綻開。Ⅴ.完形填空Aboutadecadeago,mygrandpawhowassufferingfromAlzheimer’s(老年癡呆癥)gotintomycaranddroveoff.AngelandI1thepolice,butbeforetheycouldfindhim,two2kidspulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa.

Theysaidtheyoverheardhimcryingaboutbeing3atanemptygasstation10milesaway.Mygrandpacouldn’trememberouraddress,butgavethekidshisfirstandlastname.Theylookedhimuponline,foundouraddress,and4himhome.

Iwas5onthatincidenttodaywhilesittingneartheedgeofabeautifulocean-sidecliff.Iamsuddenly6offootstepsbehindme.I7aroundtoseeayoungladywhowasalmostin8slowlywalkingtowhereIwassitting.Iwalkeduptoherand9,“What’swrong?”Shetoldmeshewas10afraidofheights,butwasworriedaboutmysafetyandwantedtogetoverherfear.Herbravenessandkindnesstrulywarmedmyheart.

I’vespenttherestofthedaythinkingaboutwhatanextraordinarypersonsheis,andaboutthoseamazingcollegekidswhohelpedmy11,andaboutwhatitmeanstobeakindand12person.Sometimesyouhavetogotheextramile,orfaceyourbiggest13,orstandupagainstyourownnegativetendenciestomakea(n)14differenceinsomeoneelse’slife.It’s15tostartdoingthehardthings—therightthings—forothers.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。作者的爺爺迷路,兩個(gè)好心的高校生開車把他送回家,而恐高的女士擔(dān)憂在懸崖邊的作者。他們的善舉為別人的生活帶來(lái)主動(dòng)的影響。作者覺(jué)得到了該幫助別人的時(shí)候了。1.A.condemned B.contactedC.consulted D.found【解析】選B。condemned指責(zé);contacted交往,接觸;consulted詢問(wèn);found發(fā)覺(jué)。依據(jù)空前的gotintomycaranddroveoff和空后的thepolice可知,作者報(bào)了警,也就是與警察“接觸”了。故選B。2.A.college B.naughtyC.homeless D.kindergarten【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文的thoseamazingcollegekids可知,是兩個(gè)高校生幫助了爺爺。故選A。3.A.careless B.scaredC.lost D.forgetful【解析】選C。careless馬虎的;scared感到膽怯 的;lost失去的;forgetful健忘的。依據(jù)下一句Mygrandpacouldn’trememberouraddress可知,爺爺迷路了。4.A.left B.droveC.kicked D.carried【解析】選B。依據(jù)上文pulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa可知,高校生“開車”把他送回家。故選B。5.A.depending B.comingC.reflecting D.going【解析】選C。depending依靠;coming來(lái);reflecting回想,反射;going去。作者面朝大海,回想著爺爺被幫助的事情。故選C。6.A.afraid B.scepticalC.sure D.aware【解析】選D。依據(jù)空后的footstepsbehindme可知,此處指“意識(shí)到”。固定詞組:beawareof“意識(shí)到”。故選D。7.A.turned B.walkedC.got D.looked【解析】選A。依據(jù)上文的whilesittingneartheedgeofabeautifulocean-sidecliff可知,此處指作者“轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)”。固定短語(yǔ):turnaround“轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)”。故選A。8.A.sadness B.surpriseC.feelings D.tears【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文“Shetoldmeshewas_______afraidofheights”可知,女士幾乎要哭出來(lái)了。固定詞組:intears“流著淚”。故選D。

9.A.reacted B.thoughtC.asked D.replied【解析】選C。依據(jù)空后的“What’swrong?”可知,作者在“問(wèn)”女士。故選C。10.A.extremely B.worriedlyC.anxiously D.surprisingly【解析】選A。依據(jù)前文可知,女士幾乎要哭出來(lái),以及afraidofheights可知,她“特別”恐高。故選A。11.A.father B.grandmaC.uncle D.grandpa【解析】選D。依據(jù)第一段中two_______kidspulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa可知,思索那些了不得的高校生們幫助了自己的爺爺。故選D。

12.A.merciful B.helpfulC.careful D.peaceful【解析】選B。merciful慈愛(ài)的;helpful有幫助的;careful細(xì)心的;peaceful和平的。依據(jù)空前的whatitmeanstobeakind可知,前面提到的高校生和女士的行為是“樂(lè)于助人的”。故選B。13.A.courage B.failuresC.fears D.choices【解析】選C。courage志氣;failures失敗;fears膽怯 ;choices選擇。依據(jù)空后的standupagainstyourownnegativetendencies可知此處指面對(duì)你最大的“恐驚”。故選C。14.A.positive B.littleC.optimistic D.opposite【解析】選A。positive主動(dòng)的;little小的,少的;optimistic樂(lè)觀的;opposite反對(duì)的。去面對(duì)你最大的恐驚,或者去對(duì)抗你自己的消極傾向是為別人的生活帶來(lái)主動(dòng)的影響。故選A。15.A.minute B.timeC.honor D.luck【解析】選B。作者覺(jué)得是時(shí)候起先為別人做那些困難的事情了。固定句式:It’stimetodosth.“是做某事的時(shí)間了”。故選B。Ⅵ.語(yǔ)法填空Treesareusefulthingstomaninthreeimportant1.__________(way):theygiveuswoodandotherusefulthings,theygiveuscoolplaces,2.__________theyhelptostopdroughtandflood.

Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthat3.__________thirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdown4.__________largenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocareless5.__________(plant)andlookafternewtrees.Sotheforests6.__________(slow)disappear.

Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareeven7.__________(bad):forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoilallowingtheraintosinkinandalsobindthesoil,thuspreventingitfrom8.__________(wash)awayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therain9.__________(fall)onhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtop-soil.Whenallthetop-soilisgone,nothing10.__________(leave)butuselessdesert.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了樹對(duì)人類的作用特別大,可以給人類供應(yīng)木材、供應(yīng)陰涼、還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實(shí)際狀況是很多人砍掉了很多樹木,破壞了植被,引起了生態(tài)危機(jī)。1.【解析】ways?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。句意:樹對(duì)人類有三個(gè)重要的用處。依據(jù)空前three可知,本空應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.【解析】and。考查并列連詞。句意:它們賜予我們木材和其他有用的東西,它們賜予我們涼快的地方,并且它們幫助我們阻擋干旱和洪水。本空前后句為并列關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用并列連詞and。3.【解析】the?？疾楣谠~。句意:不幸的是,在世界上很多地方,人類還沒(méi)有發(fā)覺(jué)第三點(diǎn)是最重要的。序數(shù)詞third前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。4.【解析】in。考查介詞。句意:人類想從樹木中賺錢,所以人類大量地砍伐樹木,結(jié)果發(fā)覺(jué)沒(méi)有了它們,人類失去了最好的摯友。inlargenumbers意為“大量地”,故本空應(yīng)用介詞in。5.【解析】toplant?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。句意:而且,他通常太馬虎大意而不能種植和照料新樹。本句為too...to...句型,意為“太……而不能……”,故本空應(yīng)用不定式形式。6.【解析】slowly?？疾楦痹~。句意:所以森林漸漸地消逝了。本空修飾動(dòng)詞disappear,故應(yīng)用副詞slowly。7.【解析】worse?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。句意:結(jié)果甚至更糟。依據(jù)句意及空前even可知,本空應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。8.【解析】beingwashed?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:樹木的根部使土壤裂開,雨水滲入,也固定了土壤,從而阻擋土壤輕易地被沖走。prevent...fromdoingsth.意為“阻擋……做某事”,本空意為“阻擋土壤被沖走”,故本空應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。9.【解析】falls。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:沒(méi)有樹的地方,雨水落在堅(jiān)硬的地面上,然后流走,造成洪水,帶走肥沃的表層土壤。依據(jù)空前are及空后flows可知,本空應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10.【解析】isleft。考查時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)全部的表層土壤都消逝時(shí),除了無(wú)用的沙漠什么都沒(méi)留下。本句表述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主語(yǔ)nothing和動(dòng)詞leave(留下)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故本空應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Ⅶ.應(yīng)用文寫作假設(shè)你是某中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華,最近收到美國(guó)摯友Joy的電子郵件。他在三年前參觀過(guò)你校,聽說(shuō)你?，F(xiàn)在改變很大,希望了解發(fā)生了哪些詳細(xì)的改變。請(qǐng)你依據(jù)下列提示,給他回一封電子郵件。三年前:一座教學(xué)樓,一個(gè)操場(chǎng),學(xué)生1000多人現(xiàn)在:1.校內(nèi)擴(kuò)建:新建了一座教學(xué)樓和一座圖書館,教學(xué)樓內(nèi)有音樂(lè)室、美術(shù)室、微機(jī)房等;2.學(xué)生人數(shù):增加到了2000多人