廣東省2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級上冊期中考試英語試題（含答案）

廣東省2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

姓名：班級：考號：

題號——四五總分

評分

一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀理解

ThankyouforchoosingOTTTravelAgency.Inordertohaveapleasantjourney,pleasereadthefollowingnotes

carefully.

BookingRegulations

1-Thereisanecessarybookingprocess.Wewillconfirmthatwithyouwithin1-2workingdays.

2.Pleasebookaticketassoonaspossiblebecausetheratesmayvaryatdifferenttimes.Forexample,ratesrise

duringholidays.

3.PleasecarefullyreadourCustomerAgreementsbeforebooking.

BookingProceduresandE-tickets

1.Youwillreceiveabookingreceiptbye-mailimmediatelyaftersubmissionofbookinginformation.

2.Youwillreceivetheconfirmatione-mailwesendwithin1-2workingdaysaftersubmission.

3.Oncethebookingdetailsareconfirmed,youwillreceiveyoure-ticketbye-mail.Wewillprovidethecontact

informationoflocaltourismofficesforyourconvenientuseduringtourorasrequired.

4.Next,youonlyneedtoprintthee-ticketandpresentitwithphotoIDtothetourguideonthedepartureday.

SpecialNotes

Iftheflightisdelayedforover45minutesduetoweatherconditionorothercases,pleasegotothehotelby

yourself.Youcancontactthelocaltravelagencyandaskforhelp.Youarestronglyrecommendedtocontacttheairline

andlocaltravelagencytoconfirmtheflightarrivaltimeandairportpickup.

Foryoursafety,pleaselockyourdoorwheneverandwhereveryouleave.Donothanganyclothesonlights.Do

notsmokeinbed.Leavethehotelimmediatelyifyouhearafirealarm.

Pleaseobservealldosanddon'tsmentionedbythetourguide.

Thankyouforyourcooperation.Sorryforanyinconvenience.

1.Whyshouldtravelersbookticketsimmediately?

A.Theratesprobablychangewithtime.

B.Therearefewticketsonholidays.

C.Thebookingprocessiscomplicated.

D.Theconfirmationwastesmuchtime.

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2.Whenwillyoureceiveabookingreceipt?

A.Beforefillinginaconfirmationform.

B.Aftersendingoutabookinge-mail.

C.Beforereceivingaconfirmatione-mail.

D.Aftersubmittingbookinginformation.

3.Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhearafirealarminthehotel?

A.Lockthedoor.B.Runoutofthehotel.

C.Hangclothesonlights.D.Putoutyourcigarette.

閱讀理解

Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn'tfindshelterforthenight.

Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.

InlateJanuaryof2021,Chicagoexperiencedsomeofthecoldesttemperaturesthatthecityhasseenindecades.

Sadly,morethan100homelesspeoplewereleftoutsidedirectlyexposedtothedeadlyenvironment.

CandicePaynewasluckyenoughtohaveashelterfromthedangerousconditions.However,shecouldn'tstop

thinkingaboutthehomelesspeopleintheareawhohadnowheretogo.Paynestartedbrainstormingdifferentwaysshe

couldpossiblyhelp.Atlast,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalhotelsthatshecouldpurchase

forthepeopleonthestreet.

However-manyofthelocalhotelsrefusedtoallowhertopayfortherooms."Noonewantedthem,butonehotel,

theAmberInn,thatwasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms,"PaynetoldTODAY.

AccordingtoPayne,eachroomcost$70pernight.Withouthesitating,shepurchased30roomsforthenightwith

hercreditcard.Shethenreachedouttostrangers,askingifanyonewouldliketohelpoutwithpayingformorerooms.

Strangersdonatedmoney,whichhelpedPaynepayforatotalof60roomsforfivenights.

Payne'sselflessactmadenewsacrossthecountry,however,sheinsistedsheneverdiditforattention.nIama

regularpersons,"saidPayne,whospentthousandsofdollarsofherownmoneyhelpingcompletestrangers."Itall

soundedlikearichpersondidthis,butI'mjustalittleblackgirlfromtheSouthSide.Ithoughtitwasimpossible,but

afterseeingthisandseeingpeoplefromallaroundtheworld,thatjusttellsmeit'spossible.Wecanalldothis

together."

4.HowmuchdidPaynepaytheAmberInnfortheroomsintotal?

A.$2400.B.$4,200.C.$21,000.D.$10,500.

5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePayne?

A.Kindandgenerous.B.Wealthyandfriendly.

C.Determinedandhonest.D.Ambitiousandfaithful.

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6.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheHomelessSufferedtheExtremeCold

B.ChicagoExperiencedtheColdestTemperatures

C.VolunteersCalledonPeopletoHelptheHomeless

D.ChicagoWomanTriedHardtoSavetheHomeless

7.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?

A.Alabreport.B.Anewsreport.

C.Anadvertisement.D.Asciencefiction.

閱讀理解

Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeenmanystoriesfromLondoners

experiencingoddinsectbites.EventheLondonUndergroundhasitsownspeciesofmosquitowithaparticularappetite

forhumanblood.

ThemaininsectsoutforyourbloodinLondonaremosquitoesandhorseflies（馬蠅）.And,asthatSpacesongsaid,

thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthatseekoutanimalbloodasextranutrition

fortheireggs.Horseflieshaveaparticularlycruelbiteusingtheirjawstobiteintoourskinlikeacarvingknifeuntil

theybreakabloodvessel（血管）.Mosquitoesaremoresecretattacker,bitingusverypreciselywiththeirneedle-sharp

mouth.

IntheUK,theseinsectsareusuallyharmless.Thekeythingtoknowabouttheseinsectsisthatthey'refarmore

activeinwarmweather."Insectshaveaspecialandspecificrelationshipwithheat,"saysVickiSimsfromLadyBug

PestControl."Theriseintemperatureseesinsectsgrowfaster.Yearonyear,manyspeciesarealteringtheirbehaviour

andbiologytofollowthetrendsoftheseasons."So,whatdoesthismeanforthestateofourskin?Longandwarm

Londonsummersmeanwemayseemoreoftheinsectsweexpect,butsomenewoneswedon't."Theonlything

separatingusfromspecieslikemosquitoesthatcarrypublichealthrisksinotherpartsoftheworld,isclimate,

geographyandmorethanalittleluck,"saysSims.

ConcernsaboutincreaseofalienspeciesintheUKaregrowing.Usuallyarrivingwithinternationalshipments,

traditionally"insectspeciesbroughtoverwoulddieoutrelativelyquicklybecauseofourcoldweather,"saysNatalie

BungayfromtheBritishPestControlAssociation."Butastheweatherwarmsupthere'smorechancethatthey'll

surviveandbecomeaproblem,soeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossible."

8.Whatisthemajorfunctionofparagraph1?

A.Tointroducethemaintopic.B.Toclarifytheauthor'sstand.

C.Toarousethereaders1concern.D.Tosummarizethewholetext.

9.Whydofemaleinsectsfavouranimalblood?

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A.Theybecomehungrymoreeasily.B.Theyhavestrongermouths.

C.Theyaremoresensitivetoblood.D.Theyneedmorenutritionforeggs.

10.Whatdoweknowfromthethirdparagraph?

A.Theinsectsgrowfastinwarmweather.

B?Newspecieswillincreaseincoldweather.

C.Mostspeciescan'tadapttothechangingclimate.

D.Wecanonlydependonlucktoavoidpotentiallyharmfulinsects.

11.WhatisNatalieBungay*sattitudetowardstheriseoftemperature?

A.Optimistic.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.D.Confused.

閱讀理解

Chewingusesasurprisingamountofenergy.Anexperimentthatlookedattheenergyuseassociatedwithchewing

gumfoundthatitcanincreasebodilyenergyusebyupto15percent.

AdamvanCasterenattheUniversityofManchesterintheUKandhiscolleaguesmeasuredenergyusein21

peoplebetween18and45yearsoldastheychewedgumfor15minutes.Eachparticipantwasaskedtochewtwotypes

ofgum-onesoftandtheothertough-sotheycouldcomparetheeffectsofthegum'spropertiesontheparticipants*

energyuse.Energyusewasmeasuredusingaspeciallymadecapcoveringtheparticipants'heads."Youcanusethecap

toworkouthowmuchenergyisbeingused,"saysCasteren.Beforetheexperiment,theparticipantshadallwornthe

capwhiletheysatwatchingafilminorderfortheresearcherstoknowtheirbaselevelenergyuse.

Theresearchersfoundthatchewingthesoftgumincreasedenergyex—enditurebyabout10percent,while

chewingthetoughergumincreasedthisusebyaround15percent.Casterensaysit'sinterestingthatasmallchangein

thepropertiesofthegumhadsuchacleareffectonenergyuse.

Thefindingssuggestthattheenergyuserequiredtochewalsoexplainwhywedevelopedsuchstrongteethforthe

action.Anyamountofenergylostwhilechewingfood,makesthemealalessefficientsourceofenergy,sowemust

finishtheactionassoonaspossible.

DylanThompsonattheUniversityofBathintheUKsaystheincreaseisstillonlyasmallamountoverall."Itwill

contributelessthan1percentoftotaldailyenergyusebecauseofrelativelyshortdailychewingtime,"hesays.

12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Comparisonbetweensoftandtoughgum.

B.Theresultofanexperimentaboutenergyuse.

C.AdamvanCasteren'sopinionaboutchewinggum.

D.Anexperimentaboutenergyusewhenchewinggum.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"expenditure"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Digestion.B.Transportation.

C.Consumption.D.Production.

14.Whydohumanbeingsdevelopstrongteethaccordingtothetext?

A.Toeatmorefoodatameal.B.Toreduceenergyloss.

C.Tomakethemeallessefficient.D.Tobreakdownfoodthoroughly.

15.WhatdoesDylanThompsonprobablyagreewith?

A.Chewingtimeofhumansisincreasing.

B.Chewingisnotanimportantpartofourlife.

C.Chewingdoesn'tusemuchenergyinourdailylife.

D.Thereisnorelationshipbetweenenergyuseandchewing.

二'任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Whatkeepsushealthyandhappyaswegothroughlife?Theclearestmessagethatwegotfroma75-yearstudyis

this:Goodrelationshipskeepushappierandhealthier.16.

Thefirstisthatsocialconnectionsarereallygoodforus,andthatlonelinesskills.Itturnsoutthatpeoplewhoare

moresociallyconnectedtoothersarehappier.17.Onthecontrary,theexperienceoflonelinessturnsout

tobeharmful.Therearesomepeoplewhoaremorelonelythantheywanttobe.Theyfindthattheyarelesshappy,

theirhealthdeclinesearlierinmidlife,andtheyliveshorterlivesthanpeoplewhoarenotlonely.

Andweknowthatyoucanbelonelyinacrowdandyoucanbelonelyinamarriage.Sothesecondbiglessonthat

welearnedisthatit*snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhave,andit*snotwhetherornotyou*reinacommitted

relationship,butit*sthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters.18.High-conflictmarriages,for

example,withoutmuchlove,turnouttobeverybadforourhealth.

Andthethirdbiglessonthatwelearnedaboutrelationshipsisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies,

theyprotectourbrains.Itturnsoutthatbeinginasecurelyattachedrelationshipisprotective.Manypeoplearein

relationshipswheretheycangethelpfromtheotherpersonsintimesofneed.19.

So,goodandcloserelationshipsaregoodforourhealthandwell-being.20.Thisiswisdomthat'sas

oldasthehills.Now,askyourselfaquestion:Ifyouweregoingtoinvestnowinyourfuturebestself,wherewouldyou

putyourtimeandyourenergy?

A.Thesepeople'smemoriesstaysharperandlonger.

B.We'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.

C.Thatistosay,thegoodlifeisbuiltwithgoodrelationships.

D.What'smore,they'rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelonger.

E.Itturnsoutthatlivingintheconflictisreallybadforourhealth.

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F.Theywillsurprisinglyfindthatthisrelationshipcausementaldecline.

G.Peoplelivinginlonelinessareeitherinsorroworterriblehealthcondition.

三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Once,therewasasmall,unkeptandratherpoorvillage.Peoplehadtoworkhardto21.themselves.

Johnnylivedinawoodenhutwithhisoldgrandma.Hehaddreamedtomovetoabigcityhehadnever___

22.before.

AllofJohnny'sfriendshadleftforalong23.inbigcities.OnlyJohnny,whowas24.all

summerlong,andcouldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment.

Johnny25.walkedintothehutandsankontothemuddybrownsofa."Areyouokay,dear?"His

grandmaasked."No!"Johnny26..nMyfriendsarealltakingtripstoothercities,evencountries,andI'm___

27.inthisplace!"Johnny'sGrandmawas28.."Johnny,"shebegan.Immediately,Johnnyinterrupted.

"I'mgoingtomyroom!"Hethenbolted（沖）towardshisroom.

Oneday,Johnny29.up.Hewalkedoutsidetolookatthegoldensun30.overthehorizon,

standingfirmagainsttheoceanandbluesky.Soonafter,hisgrandmawentovertostandnearJohnny."Listen,Johnny,"

she31.."Lookattheskyandtheocean.Aren'ttheysplendid?Youwon't32,theminacity,would

you?"Justthen,afewwolfcubs（幼崽）couldbe33.attheendofthevillage.nSeethosewolfcubs?Aren't

theyso34.?Idon'tthinkyouwouldfindthemcrawlingaroundabigcity."ThismadeJohnny___

35.howbeautifullifeis,andhe'sluckytoevenliveinavillage.

21.A.remindB.supportC.enjoyD.behave

22.A.visitedB.imaginedC.describedD.introduced

23.A.gatheringB.treatmentC.ceremonyD.vacation

24.A.curiousB.regretfulC.boredD.amused

25.A.unhappilyB.unbelievablyC.unexpectedlyD.unconsciously

26.A.brokedownB.passeddownC.pointedoutD.burstout

27.A.interestedB.absorbedC.stuckD.involved

28.A.disappointedB.shockedC.inspiredD.ashamed

29.A.wokeB.turnedC.gaveD.grew

30.A.landingB.wanderingC.risingD.burning

31.A.recalledB.complainedC.shoutedD.announced

32.A.shareB.drawC.findD.miss

33.A.boughtB,spottedC.raisedD.rejected

34.A.wonderfulB,pitifulC.fierceD.respectful

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35.A.rememberB.imagineC.suspectD.realize

四'語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Beijinghad204museums,including18first-classones,bytheendof2021,36.(rank)thetopin

Chinaandbeingoneofthecitieswiththerichestmuseum37.(resource)intheworld.

Recently,BeijingRadio&TelevisionStationlaunchedaculturalprogrammenamed"TheCityofMuseums",一

38.deeplyexplorestheuniquevalueofChinesecivilization,39.(interpret)the

nationalspiritandshowcasesthecapital'sprofoundculturalconnotationandthecharmofthetimes.

Untilnowsixepisodesoftheprogramme_

40.(broadcast)whilethenumberofdiscussionsofthetopic

onlinehasexceeded1billion,providingaculturalfeastfortheaudience.Theshowexploresthebeautyofculturefrom

a4L(total)newperspective.Thehostsvisitedeightmuseumswithdifferentcharacteristicsin

Beijing,42.presentedayet-to-beexploredareaineachmuseumforthefirsttime.

Many"treasures"ofthosemuseumsappearedforthefirsttime,such43.thepaintingbythe

EmperorQianlong(1711—1799)inWanshouTemple,theoriginalpaintingsinXuBeihongMemorialHall,and—

44.(return)culturalrelicsintheMuseumofthePrinceGong'sMansion.

Throughtheexplorationandexhibition,theaudiencewouldenterthe"hiddenworld"ofthosemuseumsby

followingthehosts1steps,learningthebroadnessand45.(deep)ofChinesecivilizationdeeply.

五、寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

46.假定你是高中生李華，正在倫敦做交換生。大英博物館(theBritishMuseum)正在招聘兼職導(dǎo)游。請你給招

聘負(fù)責(zé)人史密斯先生寫一封信，申請這一職位。內(nèi)容如下：

1)自我介紹；

2)想做兼職導(dǎo)游的原因；

3)應(yīng)聘兼職導(dǎo)游的自身優(yōu)勢。

注意：

1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearMr.Smith,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

TheCupofCoffee

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Itwassupposedtobeanormaltriptothesupermarket.Mysonwaslittle,anditwasgettingclosetotimetohavea

littlesleep,soIwasrushingthroughtheaislestryingtoavoidafailure.IrememberfeelingasenseofachievementasI

gothimintothecarwithoutanytears.ThenIwenttostartthecarandrealizedmykeysweregone.Afterafewminutes

ofcheckingaround,IrealizedthatImusthavelockedtheminthetrunkwithmybag.

Iwasn'tsurewhattodo,soItookmysonoutofhiscarseatandwentbackinsidethestorewithmycartstillfull

ofgroceries.IhadtousetheirphonestocallmyhusbandforthesparekeybecausemyphonewasinthebagIhad

lockedinthetrunk.Aftermultiplecallsandmessageswithnoanswer,Iwasgettingdiscouraged.Mysonwastiredand

begantocry.Iwastiredbecauseofasleeplessnightthatallmumsgothrough-whentheirkidsareteething.Whenhe

wentintofull-oncrying,Ifeltthetearscomedownmyface,too.

Anemployeeatthestoretappedmeontheshoulderandaskedmetocomewithher.Iwaspanickedforamoment,

thinkingthatIwasgoingtobescoldedandthrownintothestorageareatokeepusquiet.Theemployee,whosenameI

wouldlaterfindoutwasKelly,tookme,tomysurprise,totheStarbuckscafethatwasinsidethestore.Sheaskedmeif

Idrankcoffee.WhenIsaidyes,shewalkedovertothecounterandcamebackwithoneforme.Shesaidthatitlooked

likeIwashavingoneofthosedaysandthat,asamum,shehadthem,too.ItoldherhowstupidIfeltlockingmykeys

inthecar,andsheassuredmeithappenedtoalotofpeople.Aswetalked,mysonsettledintoasoundsleepinmy

arms.

注意：1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afteraboutfifteenminutes,shesaidherbreakwasover.

AfterIgothomethatday,IkeptthinkingaboutwhatKellyhaddoneforme.

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答案解析部分

【答案】1.A

2.D

3.B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是旅游機構(gòu)給出旅游前的注意事項，包括：訂票規(guī)定、訂票步驟和一些

特殊注意事項。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題

干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。

1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)BookingRegulations部分中的"Pleasebookaticketassoonaspossiblebecausetherates

mayvaryatdifferenttimes.”請盡快訂票，因為不同時間票價可能不同?？芍M用在不同時期可能有浮動，應(yīng)

該盡快訂票。故選A。

2.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)BookingProceduresandE-tickets部分中的"Youwillreceiveabookingreceiptbye-mail

immediatelyaftersubmissionofbookinginfbrmation.”在遞交訂位資料后，你會立即以電郵收到訂位收據(jù)。可

知，在提交預(yù)定申請后，你將馬上收到以郵件形式發(fā)送的預(yù)定收據(jù)，故選D。

3.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SpecialNotes部分中的"Leavethehotelimmediatelyifyouhearafirealarm."如果聽到

火警，請立即離開酒店?？芍?，如果你聽到火情警報，馬上離開酒店。故選B。

【答案】4.C

5.A

6.D

7.B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了芝加哥一位婦女努力救助無家可歸者，幫助他們過冬的事跡。

【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生在捕捉

細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。

4.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的"AccordingtoPayne,eachroomcost$70pernight.”根據(jù)Payne的說法，每個

房間每晚花費70美元；以及"Strangersdonatedmoney,whichhelpedPaynepayforatotalof60roomsforfive

nights.”陌生人的捐款幫助Payne總共支付了5個晚上60個房間的費用。可知，每個房間每晚70美元，她一

共付了60個房間5個晚上的錢，所以Payne總共付了21,000美元。故選C。

5.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"However,shecouldn'tstopthinkingaboutthehomelesspeopleinthearea

whohadnowheretogo.“然而，她無法停止思考在該地區(qū)無家可歸的人，他們無處可去；以及第五段中的

"Withouthesitating,shepurchased30roomsforthenightwithhercreditcard.”她毫不猶豫地用信用卡購買了30個

房間?？芍?，Payne是個既善良又大方的人。故選A。

6.考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn't

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findshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”最近，芝力口哥各地?zé)o家可歸的人

如果找不到過夜的地方，就會被凍死。幸運的是，一位當(dāng)?shù)貗D女拒絕讓這種情況發(fā)生?？芍?，本文主要講述

了芝加哥一位婦女努力救助無家可歸者，幫助他們過冬的事跡。故選D。

7.考查推理判斷。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段"Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathif

theycouldn'tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”最近，芝力口哥各地?zé)o

家可歸的人如果找不到過夜的地方，就會被凍死。幸運的是，一位當(dāng)?shù)貗D女拒絕讓這種情況發(fā)生；以及以及

第三段中“'Noonewantedthem,butonehotel,theAmberInn,thatwasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms/

PaynetoldTODAY."Payne告訴《今日》：“沒有人想接納他們，但有一家酒店---AmberInn非常好，允許我訂

下這些房間。”可知，本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了最近芝加哥一位婦女救助無家可歸者的事跡。故選B。

【答案】8.A

9.D

10.A

11.B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了隨著氣溫的上升，英國的蚊蟲更加猖獗，但本土蚊蟲并不會對人

產(chǎn)生危害。但是日益升高的溫度可能會導(dǎo)致外來蚊蟲物種的侵入，這可能會給英國帶來麻煩。

【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大

意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再

次閱讀并檢查。

8.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeen

manystoriesfromLondonersexperiencingoddinsectbites.EventheLondonUndergroundhasitsownspeciesof

mosquitowithaparticularappetiteforhumanblood.”今年夏天，隨著英國首都變得比以前更暖和，倫敦人發(fā)生了

許多奇怪的昆蟲叮咬的故事。就連倫敦地鐵也有自己的蚊子，特別喜歡人類的血液?？芍?，本段介紹了隨著

溫度的上升，倫敦的人們越來越多地受到蚊蟲叮咬。本段聯(lián)系生活實際，展示了一個蚊蟲日益猖獗的現(xiàn)象，

進(jìn)而引出下文對此現(xiàn)象的剖析。故選A。

9.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthat

seekoutanimalbloodasextranutritionfortheireggs.”這些物種的雌性比雄性更致命，因為它們會為自己的卵尋

找動物的血液作為額外的營養(yǎng)。可知，雌性蚊蟲要吸取動物的血為它們的卵提供額外的營養(yǎng)。故選D。

10.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thekeythingtoknowabouttheseinsectsisthatthey'refarmoreactivein

warmweather.”關(guān)鍵要知道，這些昆蟲在溫暖的環(huán)境下更加活躍；以及"Theriseintemperatureseesinsectsgrow

faster.”溫度上升使昆蟲生長更快?？赏茢?，昆蟲在溫暖的環(huán)境下生長的更快速。故選A。

11.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Butastheweatherwarmsupthere'smorechancethat,theyllsurviveand

becomeaproblem,soeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossible.,9NatalieBungay認(rèn)為，隨著溫度的上

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升，它們有可能存活下來，造成麻煩，所以我們應(yīng)該盡快采取措施應(yīng)對?？赏浦膽B(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的。故選B。

【答案】12.D

13.C

14.B

15.C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了咀嚼會消耗人體能量。AdamvanCasteren通過做咀嚼軟、硬口香

糖消耗能量的實驗證實了這個觀點。但是由于人們每天咀嚼的時間很短，所以不會消耗太多能量。

【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱

讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。

12.考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的"Eachparticipantwasaskedtochewtwotypesofgum一onesoftandtheother

tough-sotheycouldcomparetheeffectsofthegum'spropertiesontheparticipants*energyuse.“每個參與者都被要

求咀嚼兩種類型的口香糖——一種是軟的，一種是硬的——這樣他們就可以比較口香糖的特性對參與者能量

消耗的影響。可知，本段主要講述AdamvanCasteren通過做咀嚼軟、硬口香糖的實驗來測定咀嚼對人體能量

的消耗，即一個有關(guān)咀嚼口香糖消耗能量的實驗。故選D。

13.考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"chewingthesoftgumincreasedenergyexpenditurebyabout10percent,while

chewingthetoughergumincreasedthisusebyaround15percent.”嚼軟口香糖會增加10%的能量消耗，而嚼硬口

香糖會增加15%的能量消耗?？芍?，咀嚼軟口香糖增加百分之十的能量消耗，而咀嚼硬口香糖增加百分之十

五的能量消耗。本句中energyexpenditure和thisuse表達(dá)同一個意思，所以expenditure的意思是"消耗"。故選

Co

14.考查推理判斷。木艮據(jù)第四段"Thefindingssuggestthattheenergyuserequiredtochewalsoexplainwhywe

developedsuchstrongteethfortheaction.Anyamountofenergylostwhilechewingfood,makesthemealaless

efficientsourceofenergy,sowemustfinishtheactionassoonaspossible.”研究結(jié)果表明，咀嚼所需的能量也解釋

了為什么我們的牙齒如此強壯。在咀嚼食物時損失的任何能量都會使這頓飯的能量來源變得更低，所以我們

必須盡快完成這個動作。可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，咀嚼造成的能量消耗也解釋了為什么我們會進(jìn)化出咀嚼所需

的鋒利的牙齒?？赏浦L鋒利的牙齒是為了盡快完成咀嚼的動作，進(jìn)而降低咀嚼所消耗的能量。故選B。

15.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Itwillcontributelessthan1percentoftotaldailyenergyusebecauseof

relativelyshortdailychewingtime.”由于每天的咀嚼時間相對較短，它只占每日總能量消耗的不到1%?？芍?，

由于每天咀嚼的時間相對較短，每天咀嚼所消耗的能量占比小于百分之一，可推知，DylanThompson可能認(rèn)

為在日常生活中，咀嚼不會消耗太多能量。故選C。

【答案】16.B；17.D；18.E；19.A；20.C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，闡釋了好的社會關(guān)系讓我們健康快樂。第一，社會關(guān)系讓我們更快樂、

身體更好。第二，良好的社會關(guān)系才能產(chǎn)生益處。第三，良好的社會關(guān)系不僅保護(hù)身體，還能保護(hù)大腦。所

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以，我們應(yīng)該考慮一個問題：我們應(yīng)該把時間和精力投資在何處？

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和

推理判斷能力。

16.根據(jù)第二段中的"Thefirstisthatsocialconnectionsarereallygoodforus”第一，社會關(guān)系對我們真的很好；

第三段中"Sothesecondbiglessonthatwelearnedisthatit'snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhave,andit'snot

whetherornotyou*reinacommittedrelationship,butit'sthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters”因止匕，我

們學(xué)到的第二個重要事情是，重要的不僅僅是你有多少朋友，也不是你是否處于一段忠誠的關(guān)系中，而是你

親密關(guān)系的質(zhì)量；以及第四段中的"Andthethirdbiglessonthatwelearnedaboutrelationshipsisthatgood

relationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies,theyprotectourbrains”我們從人際關(guān)系中學(xué)到的第三個重要事情是，良

好的人際關(guān)系不僅能保護(hù)我們的身體，還能保護(hù)我們的大腦?？芍挛囊獜娜齻€方面來闡釋社會關(guān)系。B選

項中"threebiglessons"與之相對應(yīng)，B.We'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.我們已經(jīng)從人際關(guān)

系中吸取了三大教訓(xùn)。”符合語境，故選B。

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