山西省晉城市部分高中學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末考試英語

2023—2024學(xué)年下學(xué)期高二年級期末考試英語全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考場號、座位號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題的答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?A.Hewentforahike. B.Hevisitedamuseum. C.Heplayedavideogame.2.Whattimeshouldthebankopen?A.At8:30am. B.At9:00am. C.At9:30am.3.Wherewillthehousewarmingpartyprobablybeheld?A.Inthelivingroom. B.Inthebackyard. C.Inthegarage.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Anauthor. C.Afilm.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMandy?A.Shevaluesherfriends.B.Shealwaysprioritizesherwork.C.Shebalancesworkandlifewell.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemandointhenewcafé?A.Hedranktea. B.Hereadabook. C.Hemetafriend.7.What'sthenewcafélike?A.Livelyandcrowded. B.Largeandbright. C.HomelywithfreeWiFi.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whereisthesecretgardenlocated?A.Onthefirstfloorofthelibrary.B.Ontopofthesciencebuilding.C.Ontheoppositeofthesportscenter.9.Whydidthewomangotothesecretgarden?A.Torelax. B.Toenjoythecityview.C.Toprepareforaspeech.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatdidthewomanmajorinwhenshewasinuniversity?A.Literaryanalysis. B.Literarycriticism. C.parativeliterature.11.Whatprojectdidthewomandescribeaschallenging?A.Startingamagazine.B.Editingabookofselections.C.Organizingaliterarypetition.12.Howdoesthewomankeepupwiththenewtrendsinliterature?A.Byattendingonlinefestivals.B.Byteachingliteraturecourses.C.Byfollowingliteraryjournals.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary. B.Professorandassistant.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Inastudio. B.Atschool. C.Inagym.15.WhatisCharlesDavis?A.Abodybuilder. B.Afitnesstrainer. C.Aradiohost.16.Whatdidthewomanlearnfromplayingfootball?A.Howtoteamup. B.Howtokeepfit. C.Howtostayfocused.17.WhatdoesCharlesthinkofearlysportsexperiences?A.Theyimprovesocialskills.B.Theybuildlifelonghabits.C.Theyenhancecareerprospects.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Onwhatoccasionisthisspeechgiven?A.Aparents'meeting. B.Agraduationevent. C.Ateacher'sretirementparty.19.HowdoesthespeakerfeelaboutWaldorf'seducation?A.He'ssatisfiedwithit.B.Hethinksit'sjustsoso.C.He'sdisappointedatit.20.Whoisanassistant?A.Bena. B.Jessica. C.Ellen.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestWritingContestsTheHudsonPrizeGenres(體裁):Essay,Fiction,Nonfiction,Poetry,andShortStoryEachyearBlackLawrencePresswillawardTheHudsonPrizeforanunpublishedcollectionofpoemsorprose(散文).Theprizeisopentonew,emerging,andestablishedwriters.Entryfee:$28Deadline:March31,2025AnthologyTravelWritingpetitionGenres:Essay,Nonfiction,andTravelTheAnthologyTravelWritingpetitionisopentooriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedtravelarticlesintheEnglishlanguagebywritersofanynationality,livinganywhereintheworld.Max1,000words.Entryfee:$16Deadline:November30,2024HGWellsShortStorypetitionGenres:Fantasy.Fiction,ScienceFiction,andShortStoryTherearetwodifferentpetitionsin2024:oneforthose21andunder,andoneforthoseover21.Thepetitionforthose21andunderisfreetoenterandhasaprizeof￡1,000forthewinningentry.Allshortlistedentriesshouldbeunpublishedpreviouslyandwillalsobepublishedinaquality,professionallypublishedpaperbackcollection.Entryfee:$12Deadline:July08,2024AnnualPoetryContestGenre:PoetryEachyearThirdWednesdayawardsthree$100prizesinitsannualpoetrycontest.Forthisyear'scontest,entrieswillbeacceptedfromNovember1,2024throughFebruary28,2025.Wewillacceptcontestentriesofuptothreepreviouslyunpublishedpoemsofanystyleandsubjectmatter.Thereisnolimitonlength.Entryfee:$6Deadline:February28,202521.Whenwillthepetitionwiththehighestentryfeeend?A.OnJul.08,2024. B.OnNov.30,2024.C.OnFeb.28,2025. D.OnMar.31,2025.22.Whichofthefollowingpetitionsisgroupedbyage?A.TheHudsonPrize. B.AnnualPoetryContest.C.HGWellsShortStorypetition. D.AnthologyTravelWritingpetition.23.Whatdothefourpetitionshaveinmon?A.Entriesinalllanguagesarewele.B.Entriesmustneverbeinprintpreviously.C.Theyallacceptworksofdifferentgenres.D.Cashprizesandpublicationwillbeoffered.BIliveinasmalltowninYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.Myfamilyhaslivedthereformanygenerations.IrememberwhenIwasveryyoung,oldpeopletoldmeaboutthehorsecaravan(馬隊)traderswhohadtraveledthatpathforcenturies,carryingtea,silks,etc.tomarketsasfarawayasIndia.So,whenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeetwithoutanymoderntransportation,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldstillbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.ItwasevenmoresurprisingwhenonedayinMayof2021,IfoundmyselfmeetingPaulatanoodleshop.ItwashisfirsttimeinChina.PaultalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistoryanddiscoveryinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShuYanduDao(theSichuantoIndiatradingroute),theSouthernSilkRoad,theTeaHorseRoad,andthe17thcenturyChineseexplorerXuXiake.PaulconsideredhimaheroandinasenseaChinesepioneerofslowtourism.ThenImademybiggestdecisionof2021:IwouldacpanyPaulforhundredsofmilesonhiswalktowardmyhomeofYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wefinallysetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.IatewhenIwashungry,walkedafterIate,andsleptwhenIgottired.AsIacpaniedPaultowalkonancientpathsthroughgreatmountains,Iseemedtohearthedistantsoundofhorsebellslostintime.Together,wewereamazedbythebiodiversity(生物多樣性)oftheGaoligongMountainsandmovedbylongpaststoriesthathadhappenedthere.IwalkedfromYusanvillagetoalakesidetowninYunnancalledEryuan—justawarmuptripintoChinaforPaul.Butafteronly410,000paces.Ireachedarealappreciationformyhome.24.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefirstheardofPaul'sstory?A.Amazed. B.Inspired. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.25.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePaul?A.AnadvocateofChinesetraditions.B.Asupporterofslowtravelexperiences.C.Awriterdocumentinghisglobaljourney.D.Ahistorianspecializinginancienttraderoutes.26.Whatmighttheauthorhavegainedfromhiswalk?A.Masteryofmoderntransportation.B.Adeeperconnectionwithhisfamily.C.Rediscoveryoftheworldaroundhim.D.Insightsintoancienttradingpractices.27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LookingforaWayHome B.TravelingAroundYunnanC.ExploringtheTeaHorseRoad D.WalkingwithaModernExplorerCIt'seasynottothinkmuchabouttheintelligenceofinsects.Tinycreatureswitheventinierbrains—howsmartcantheybe?Butasbiologistsbegintorethinkhowanimalsthink,eveninsectsarebeingseeninanewlight.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityofBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterfliesarecapableofspatial(空間的)learning.Theresultsprovidethefirstexperimentalevidenceofspatiallearninginanybutterflyspecies.Wehaveknownaboutspatiallearningininsects.butmostlyinantandbeespeciesthatlivesociallyinasharednest.However,asnotedbytheUniversity,thenewresearchsuggeststhatplexlearningskills,suchastheuseofspatialinformation,maybemoreprevalentininsectsthanpreviouslythought.TheteamsetupthreespatiallearningexperimentsinHeliconiusbutterflies.Theystartedsmall,testingtoseeifthebutterfliescouldlearnthelocationofafoodrewardinaonesquaremeterareacontaining16artificialflowers.ThentheyincreasedthespatialdimensiontoseewhetherHeliconiuscouldlearntoconnectfoodwitheithertheleftorrightsideofathreesquaremetertwoarmedmaze(迷宮).Finally,theyincreasedthedistancesagainusinglargeoutdoorcagestoseeifthebutterfliescouldlearnthelocationoffoodina60meterwideTmaze.Thebutterfliesweresuccessfulinallthreeexperiments.Next,theresearchersplantomainlylookintoHeliconius'relativecapabilityofspatiallearningasopposedtocloselyrelatedspeciesthatdon'tfeedonpollen(花粉)."Thiswouldhelptoshowhowthedevelopmentofenhancedcognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilitiescanbeshapedbyananimal'secology,"explainstheUniversity.TheteamalsoplanstostudyjusthowHeliconiusmanagestofinditswaythroughtheworld.Itisbelievedthatvisualcluesplayanimportantroleinthis—buttheymayalsorelyonotherclues,suchasthesun.28.Whatdoesthenewstudyfind?A.Spatiallearningisrareinsocialinsects.B.Insects'brainsdeterminetheirintelligence.C.Abutterflyspeciesexhibitsspatiallearningability.D.Butterfliesshareliferelatedbehaviorswithantsandbees.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inparagraph2probablymean?A.monlyfound. B.Effectivelytaught.C.Difficulttostudy. D.Unusualtodevelop.30.Inwhichaspectdothethreespatiallearningexperimentsdifferfromeachother?A.Thetypesofflowersused. B.Thedesignofthemazestructure.C.Theplexityofthefoodrewards. D.Thespatialextentofeachexperiment.31.WhatmightthefollowupstudyofHeliconiusbutterfliesfocuson?A.ThesignificanceofHeliconius'visualdevelopment.B.TheimpactofpollenonHeliconiusbutterflies'intelligence.C.Thedevelopmentofdifferentbutterflies'cognitiveabilities.D.ThecognitionparisonbetweenHeliconiusandotherspecies.DTheoceanisarichandseeminglylawlessfrontier.It'sawaterywildwest,irresistibletohumanshopingtorob(掠奪)itsmanyriches.ThatisthepointthroughoutTheHighSeas:Greed,PowerandtheBattlefortheUnclaimedOcean,afastpacedandthoroughlyreportedbookbysciencejournalistOliveHeffernan.Thebookbeginsbygoingrapidlythroughthewavesofhistorythatbroughtustotoday.ThenHeffernandevotesachaptereachtodifferentwayspeopleareincreasinglyoccupyinginternationalwaters,anexpansioncalledtheBlueAcceleration.Somearehuntingfornewfishinggrounds.OthersaresearchingfornewmedicinesintheDNAofdeepsealivingthings.Stillothersareexploringhowtoboosttheocean'scarbonuptaketohelpslowclimatechange.Eventhespaceindustrywantsapieceoftheocean—tocreatewaterygraveyards(墓地)foruselessspacecraft.Thedescriptionfromoneoceanambitiontoanotheremphasizesoneofthebook'sbiggesttakeaways:We'veestablishedanunstablenewtypeofoceanecosystem,anditisgoingtobeincrediblydifficult—maybeimpossible—tobalancealltheprioritieswhilealsoprotectingoceanhealthandbiodiversity.Conflictingdesirestorobtheseaandprotectitshowupoverandoveragain."Nationsurgingconservationinoneareamaypushforincreasingexplorationinanother,"Heffernanwrites.TheEuropeanUnionin2021,forexample,offeredprizestoitsfishingboatstorangefartheroffshore,evenasitmittedtosustainablefishing.Nationspromisingtoprotectsealifeandfightingclimatechangemaybethesamecountriesthatsupportdeepseamining,whichmaybeharmfultolifeontheoceanfloor."Theproblem."Heffernansays,"isn'tthatthehighseasarewithoutanyrules.Rather,organizationsandbodieseachusetheirownrulebook."Bythefinalchapter—"Hopeforthehighseas"—it'shardtoknowwhatanyonecouldactuallydotohelpsavetheocean."We'reatacrucialcrossroads."Heffernanwrites."Wecancontinuegoingeverdeeperandfurtheroffshoreinoursearchfornewsourcesofwealth,orwecanstrikeamoresustainablebalance."sheadded.32.WhatmighttheBlueAccelerationreferto?A.Theextensiveexplorationofoceans.B.Thenegativeinfluenceofclimatechange.C.Therapidexpansionofoceanicresearch.D.Theincreasedpetitioninspaceindustry.33.Whatmightbethereasonfor"conflictingdesires"accordingtoHeffernan?A.Thegreedofhumannature. B.Theabsenceofoceanlaws.C.Thelackofaconsistentoceanpolicy. D.Thegapintechnologicaldevelopment.34.WhatcanweknowaboutHeffernan?A.Shedoubtsinternationalcooperation.B.Shecaresabouttheecologicalconsequences.C.Sheisoptimisticabouttechnologicaladvancements.D.Sheiscertainofthesuccessofoceanexploration.35.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Apolicyproposal.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Evenwhenyouhaveagarden,youcanstilltakeabreakfromtimetotime!Herearesometipstohelpmakesureyourgardencropssurvivewhenyougoawayinsummerforalittlewhile.36Automatedwateringsystemsmightbethefirstthingthatcrowdsintoyourmind.Theyusuallyworkatsettimestokeepyourplantsfromthirst.Butinsmallerspacesyoumightconsiderdifferentsolutionslikeaddingwateringglobesandwaterbottlesplacedupsidedowninbedsorplanters.37Workoutrough(粗略的)waterneedsforspecificplantsandaddcloth,ifnecessary,toabsorbwaterfromacontainerintothesoilatthebaseofplants.Withcalculationandenoughwateringsolutions,mostofyourplantswillsurvive.Indryareas,itcanbebeneficialtoreducetheamountofwateryourcropswillrequirewhileyouareaway.38Thiscouldpotentiallyhelpyougainalittlemoretime.Thinkabouthowyoucanstillensureenoughdaylightforcropswhilealsoprovidingsomeshadeforthemduringthehottestpartoftheday.Pests(害蟲)couldalsobeanissueifyouarenotthere.Takinganintegratedpestmanagementapproachisthebestpolicy.39Remember,biodiversityiskeyandyouneedsomepeststobepresentinordertoattractthethingsthateatthemandkeeptheirnumbersdown.40Coveringcropswithnettingorrowcoverscouldpreventamajorcropdisaster,soaddingadditionalprotectioncouldbeagoodidea.A.Workwithnature,ratherthanfightit.B.Youmightalsowatertheplantsmorebeforeyouleave.C.Waterwilloftenbethebiggestconcerninyourabsence.D.Shadespecificpartsofyourgardentoreducewetnessloss.E.bineplantsandaddpanionplantsforbeneficialinteractions.F.Theseallowwatertobereleasedslowlytoprovidewaterforyourplants.G.Sometimes,however,barriersmayberequiredtokeepcropssafefrompests.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itookmycat,Rag,intoDrMacFarland'sclinicforhisillness.Ragwas41ofbeinginthisstrangeplace.Hescreamedalltheway.Puttingthecatcarrierdowninthecorner.Ibeganto42thenecessarypaperwork.Thensuddenlyitgot43.Nomorecrying.Iraisedmyhead,listening44.Still,silence.Asudden45rushedovermeasIrealizedthatthefrontdoortoDrMacFarland'sclinicwasstillopen.IthoughtRagmusthave46outside!Immediately,I47thepenandturnedtorushoutofthedoor.Ihadn'ttakenmorethantwostepswhenIstoppedshort—attractedbythe48beforeme.Rag,stillinhiscarrier,hadhispinknosepressedupagainstthebars.Hewasexchanginggreetingswithanothercatwhocouldonlygetaroundby49hisbacklegsbehindhim.Obviously,thatcattriedto50Rag'sfearsinawayonlyanothercatwouldknow.Itwasclearthatthelittleinteractionhadmadeabig51inhismood.Ragcalmeddown.Icouldn'thelpbutfeelasenseof52.Later,I53thereceptionistaboutthecat.She54Slick'sstory.Aroadaccidentlefthimhalfparalyzed(癱瘓).Thenthereceptionistsmiledandsaid,"Whenherecoveredwiththeirhelp,Slick,55,becameahelparoundtheplace."Aswelefttheclinic.IlookedbackatSlick.Hewasfortinganotherscaredcat.41.A.tired B.capable C.ashamed D.frightened42.A.fillout B.throwaway C.checkin D.pickon43.A.noisy B.quiet C.crowded D.busy44.A.desperately B.closely C.casually D.angrily45.A.excitement B.joy C.guilt D.fear46.A.escaped B.stepped C.disappeared D.played47.A.held B.adjusted C.dropped D.selected48.A.track B.vision C.scene D.image49.A.stretching B.dragging C.lifting D.shaking50.A.hide B.ease C.break D.process51.A.decision B.movement C.difference D.promise52.A.relief B.satisfaction C.justice D.loss53.A.taught B.warned C.reminded D.inquired54.A.created B.announced C.unfolded D.rewrote55.A.onpurpose B.onduty C.indepth D.inturn第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ExperiencingChinesefestivalsfirsthandinChinaisan56(impress)adventure.Eachfestivaloffersuniqueactivitiesandatmospheres,perfectforculturalimmersion(沉浸)andlanguagepractice.Forinstance,itwillbeanexperienceofalifetimeforpeople57(witness)theSpringFestivalinBeijingorShanghai.Thestreetsealivewithdecorations,liondances,andthesoundoffirecrackers.It'sanideal58(set)topracticeMandarinbyinteractingwith59(local)duringthishappytime.It'sbestwhentheDragonBoatFestivalisexperiencedbythewater,60theboatracesareexcitingtowatch.CitieslikeHongKongandHangzhouoffersomeofthemostwonderfulraces.Here,youcanpick61sportsrelatedvocabularyandeventrytraditionalfestivalfoods.VisitingruralareasduringtheChineseQingmingFestivalprovidesnotonlyadeeperunderstandingofancestralrituals(儀式)butalsoachancetolearnabouthistoricalandculturalaspectsthat62(ignore)quiteofteninurbanenvironments.Forthoseinterestedintraditions63(connect)withcookingorfood,theLabaandWinterSolsticefestivalsofferalotoftraditionalfoods.Engagingwiththelocalpeople64(frequent)duringthesetimesprovidesanexcellentopportunitytolearnfoodrelatedMandarinphrases.Remember,eachfestivalhasitsowncharmandoffers65uniquewaytodeepenyourunderstandingofChinesecultureandlanguage.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你的外教老師John即將回國，你準(zhǔn)備贈送他一件自制的中國特色的禮物來表達(dá)感謝。請你給他寫一封郵件告知其相關(guān)事項(xiàng)，內(nèi)容包括：1.說明禮物和緣由；2.提醒接收快遞。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJohn,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwas8:00am,andAmypulledhercarupbesideaquietpark.Whileherkids,thestudentmoviemakers,jumpedoutofthecarandstartedunloadingequipmenttomakeafilminthepark,shesatinthedriver'sseat,readingabook.Shesuddenlyfeltalittlesad.Thesekidsusedtoneedaparent'sadvice,helpandcaring.Now,asolderteenagers,theyweremakingtheirowndecisions.Shewasjusttheirdriver.Anythingelsethatshemightbeabletogivetothemwasunweleandnotrequired.Emptiedofitsmovierelatedcontents,thecaronlyhadbagsofsnacksandwaterandsomepersonalitemsleft.Amy'sjob,asthedriver,wastostaywithincallingdistancewiththekeyssothatifanythingwasneededshecouldopenthecar.Amygotoutofthecar,lookingaroundforaplacetositdowntofinishreadingherbookinthefreshair.Itwasearly,butthesunwasalreadybeatingdown,andAmydidn'twanttositintheheat.Shefoundaparkbench(長椅)againstawall,intheshade.Shenoticedthatamanwassittingononeend,buttherewasplentyofroomforatleasttwomorepeople.Whenshewasslowlywalkingintheman'sdirection,themannoticedher.Hethoughtsheprobablywasjusthavingawalkaroundandwouldn'tetositbyhim.Hehadjustspentthenightonthebench.Besidesdirtyclothesandhair,hehadasmellofbodysweat.Heknewhewasanunweleperson.Usuallypeoplewouldn'tevenlookathim,letalonesitbyhim."Whatiftheladyasksmetoleaveandsitsherebyherself?"themanwondered.Itwasahotday,anditwasn'teasyforhimtofindanotherplacetositoutofthesun.Moreover,hehadn'teatenanyfoodforsolongthathedidn'thavemuchstrengthtomovearound.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Soon,Amystoppedbythebenchandsatontheotherend.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Gatheringhiscourage,themanaskedAny,"Madam,I'msohungry.Couldyougivemeahand?"_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024學(xué)年下學(xué)期高二年級期末考試英語參考答案第一部分聽力15ABCAB610CCBCA1115BCCAB1620ABBAB第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個寫作比賽的相關(guān)信息。21.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對比四個寫作比賽的Entryfee可知，TheHudsonPrize的參賽費(fèi)用最高，再根據(jù)其Deadline部分中的“March31,2025”可知，這項(xiàng)比賽的截止日期在2025年3月31日。由此可知，參賽費(fèi)用最高的比賽是在2025年3月31日截止。故選D。22.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HGWellsShortStorypetition中的“Therearetwodifferentpetitionsin2024:oneforthose21andunder,andoneforthoseover21.”可知，HGWellsShortStorypetition這個比賽是按照年齡分組的。故選C。23.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHudsonPrize中的“foranunpublishedcollectionofpoemsorprose”，AnthologyTravelWritingpetition的“opentooriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedtravelarticles”，HGWellsShortStorypetition中的“Allshortlistedentriesshouldbeunpublishedpreviously”和AnnualPoetryContest中的“Wewillacceptcontestentriesofuptothreepreviouslyunpublishedpoems”可知，這四個比賽均要求參賽作品之前沒有公開發(fā)表過。故選B。B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從小生活在云南的一個小鎮(zhèn)上，2021年5月的某天在面館遇到了慢旅行者Paul，對他徒步環(huán)游世界的旅行方式感到驚訝，決定在去往云南家鄉(xiāng)的路上陪他一起走一程，從而重新認(rèn)識了自己家鄉(xiāng)的故事。24.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“whenIfirstheard...Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldstillbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.”可知，作者一開始聽到Paul的故事時感到很吃驚。故選A。25.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“PaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeetwithoutanymoderntransportation”和第二段中的“PaulconsideredhimaheroandinasenseaChinesepioneerofslowtourism.”可知，Paul徒步環(huán)游世界，不依賴現(xiàn)代交通方式，展現(xiàn)了一種慢旅行方式。他認(rèn)為17世紀(jì)中國的探險家徐霞客是英雄，在某種意義上是中國慢旅行的開拓者。由此可推斷出，Paul是慢旅游的支持者。故選B。26.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者陪Paul一起翻山越嶺走到家鄉(xiāng)，路上感受到了高黎貢山的生物多樣性，被曾經(jīng)發(fā)生在那里的故事打動，這四十一萬步的旅程讓作者對自己的家鄉(xiāng)有了深刻的感悟，對其充滿了深深的贊賞之情。由此可推斷出，他可能重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了他身邊的世界。故選C。27.D主旨大意題。全文主要講述了作者與現(xiàn)代探險者PaulSalopek一起行走的經(jīng)歷，以及這次行走給作者帶來的深刻感受。由此可歸納出，D項(xiàng)(與現(xiàn)代探險者同行)可以準(zhǔn)確地概括作者的經(jīng)歷和文章的主旨，是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。布里斯托大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。袖蝶屬蝴蝶具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力，這是首次在實(shí)驗(yàn)中證明蝴蝶具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力。28.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityofBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterfliesarecapableofspatiallearning.Theresultsprovidethefirstexperimentalevidenceofspatiallearninginanybutterflyspecies.”可知，布里斯托大學(xué)的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)袖蝶屬蝴蝶具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力，這是首次在實(shí)驗(yàn)中證明蝴蝶具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力。由此可知，新的研究結(jié)果證明一種蝴蝶表現(xiàn)出空間學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選C。29.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Wehaveknownaboutspatiallearningininsects,butmostlyinantandbeespeciesthatlivesociallyinasharednest.”可知，我們已經(jīng)知道昆蟲具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力，但有這種能力的昆蟲主要是群居在同一個巢穴中的螞蟻和蜜蜂。又根據(jù)下句中的“However”可知，兩句之間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。由此可推斷出，此句指“復(fù)雜的學(xué)習(xí)技能，例如空間信息的使用，在昆蟲當(dāng)中可能比以前認(rèn)為的更普遍”，prevalent意為“普遍的”，monlyfound與其意思相近。故選A。30.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theystartedsmall...inaonesquaremeterarea”，“Thentheyincreasedthespatialdimensiontosee...athreesquaremetertwoarmedmaze”，“Finally,theyincreasedthedistances...ina60meterwideTmaze”可知，文中提到了三個實(shí)驗(yàn)，第一個實(shí)驗(yàn)在一平方米的區(qū)域內(nèi)進(jìn)行，第二個實(shí)驗(yàn)在三平方米的兩臂迷宮中測試，而第三個實(shí)驗(yàn)在60米寬的T形迷宮中進(jìn)行，實(shí)驗(yàn)的空間尺寸逐漸增大。由此可知，三個實(shí)驗(yàn)的主要區(qū)別在于空間范圍的不同。故選D。31.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，下一步研究人員計劃主要研究袖蝶屬蝴蝶與其他密切相關(guān)的物種在空間學(xué)習(xí)能力上的差異，特別是那些不以花粉為食的物種。這將有助于揭示動物的認(rèn)知能力是如何被其生態(tài)環(huán)境所塑造。由此可推斷出，后續(xù)研究將集中在袖蝶屬蝴蝶和其他相關(guān)物種之間的認(rèn)知能力之間的比較。故選D。D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇書評。文章主要介紹了由科學(xué)記者OliveHeffernan所著的TheHighSeas:Greed,PowerandtheBattlefortheUnclaimedOcean一書中所介紹的主題、內(nèi)容等以及Heffernan對海洋未來情況的擔(dān)憂。32.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“differentwayspeopleareincreasinglyoccupyinginternationalwaters,anexpansioncalledtheBlueAcceleration”可知，人們用不同的方式不斷占領(lǐng)國際水域，這種擴(kuò)張方式就被稱作“藍(lán)色加速”。且下文列舉了尋找新的漁場、在深海生物的DNA中尋找新藥、探索如何提高海洋的碳吸收量以幫助減緩氣候變化等方式。由此可推斷出，“藍(lán)色加速”指的是人類對海洋的廣泛探索。故選A。33.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“'Theproblem,'Heffernansays,'isn'tthatthehighseasarewithoutanyrules.Rather,organizationsandbodieseachusetheirownrulebook.'”可知，Heffernan指出問題不在于公海沒有任何規(guī)則，而是各個組織和機(jī)構(gòu)都使用自己的規(guī)則。由此可推斷出，沖突欲望的根本原因在于缺乏一貫的全球海洋政策，導(dǎo)致不同國家和組織在海洋利用和保護(hù)方面采取不同的規(guī)則和措施。故選C。34.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中的描述，特別是第四段中的“Conflictingdesirestorobtheseaandprotectitshowupoverandoveragain.”，“Nationspromisingtoprotectsealifeandfightingclimatechangemaybethesamecountriesthatsupportdeepseamining,whichmaybeharmfultolifeontheoceanfloor.”和最后一段中的“We'reatacrucialcrossroads,'Heffernanwrites...”可知，Heffernan在書中提到了人們對海洋資源需求的不斷增長，以及這些需求與保護(hù)海洋健康和生物多樣性之間的沖突。在最后一章中，Heffernan寫到，我們正處于一個關(guān)鍵的十字路口，我們可以繼續(xù)更加深入地、更加遠(yuǎn)離近海岸去尋找新的財富來源，或者我們可以達(dá)成一個更加可持續(xù)的平衡方式去探索海洋資源。由此可推斷出，Heffernan擔(dān)憂海洋過度開采帶來的生態(tài)失衡的后果。故選B。35.B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文概述了OliveHeffernan所著的TheHighSeas:Greed,Power,andtheBattlefortheUnclaimedOcean一書的主題、內(nèi)容和核心信息，包括人們對海洋資源的不斷增長的，,由此產(chǎn)生的沖突以及保護(hù)海洋健康和生物多樣性的挑戰(zhàn)。文章符合書評的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。故選B。第二節(jié)【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就夏日不在家時人們?nèi)绾伪Ｗ〔藞@里的植物給出了幾條建議。36.C下文介紹了自動澆水系統(tǒng)可以幫助你在固定時間澆水，防止植物干枯，而在較小的空間你可以考慮安裝倒置的灑水球和水瓶來解決澆水的問題。由此可知，C項(xiàng)(水通常是你離開時最關(guān)心的問題。)可承接下文，引出下文對澆水措施的介紹。故選C。37.F根據(jù)上文的“Butinsmallerspacesyoumightconsiderdifferentsolutionslikeaddingwateringglobesandwaterbottlesplacedupsidedowninbedsorplanters.(但在較小的空間里，你可能會考慮不同的解決方案，比如在苗床或花盆里添加倒置的灑水球和水瓶。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)(這些方法可以讓水慢慢釋放出來，給你的植物提供水分。)可承接上文。選項(xiàng)中的These指代上文中提到的differentsolutions。故選F。38.D設(shè)空處上文提到，在干旱地區(qū)，當(dāng)你不在的時候，減少作物的需水量是有益處的。設(shè)空處下文提到，這可能會幫助你贏得更多的時間。想一想，在一天中最熱的時候，你如何既能為作物提供充足的陽光，又能為它們提供一些陰涼。由此可推斷出，設(shè)空處應(yīng)與“shade”相關(guān)，D項(xiàng)(遮蔽菜園的特定區(qū)域，以減少濕度損失。)可承接上下文，符合語境。故選D。39.A本段介紹害蟲對菜園造成的威脅?？涨爸赋鼍C合性的蟲害處理方法是最好的措施，且空后提到“記住，生物多樣性是關(guān)鍵，你需要一些害蟲來吸引其他會吃它們的生物，并減少害蟲的數(shù)量?！庇纱丝芍?，A項(xiàng)(與大自然合作，而不是與之抗?fàn)帯?可承接下文，符合語境。故選A。40.G設(shè)空處上文提到利用與自然協(xié)作的方式來抵抗蟲害，設(shè)空處下文提到用網(wǎng)狀物或者拱棚覆蓋來防止作物受害。由此可知，G項(xiàng)(然而有時，需要設(shè)置屏障物來確保作物不受病蟲害。)與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且可承接下文。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者帶著自己生病的貓Rag去看獸醫(yī)，在獸醫(yī)診所里，Rag遇到了一只因車禍造成腿有殘疾的貓，這只貓通過一種特別的方式安撫了Rag。作者也從中對貓之間獨(dú)特的交流方式有了新的認(rèn)識的故事。41.D考查形容詞。根據(jù)空后的“inthisstrange