湖南省長沙市師大附中2023-2024學年高一上學期第一次大練習（月考）英語試題

湖南師大附中2023—2024學年度高一第一學期第一次大練習（月考）英語時量：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillJim’sbirthdaypartybeheld?A.InJuly.B.InAugust.C.InSeptember.2.WhatisJohnnie’sproblem?A.Hequarreledwithhisbrother.B.Nobodylistenstohim.C.Heisinpoorspirits.3.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Paythebill.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Checktheputer.4.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheafternoon.5.Howmuchdoesthechaircost?A.￡80.B.￡72.C.￡10.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydidthemangotoParis?A.Tostudythere.B.Tovisitthere.C.Toworkthere.7.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hiswife.B.Hiscolleague.C.Hismanager.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8Howdidthemanfindthisplace?A.Hereadaboutitinanewspaper.B.Hesawanadpostedonthewindow.C.HeknewaboutitthroughtheInternet.9.Whatisgoodabouttheapartmentaccordingtothewoman?A.Itisveryaffordable.B.Ithasmanyrooms.C.Itisconvenientlylocated.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Homework.B.Alearningmethod.C.Apetition.11.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Asktheirteacherforhelp.B.Enteramathpetition.C.Finishworktogetherwithher.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’sadviceinthebeginning?A.Fun.B.Worried.C.Surprised.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatistheonlyproblemofFitzgerald’snewfilmaccordingtotheman?AItisuninteresting.B.Itlacksmusicalperformances.C.It’sonlyaimedatoneagegroup.14.WhatinstrumentdoesFitzgeraldlikebest?A.Theviolin.B.Thepiano.C.Theguitar.15.WhydomanyimportantpeopledislikeFitzgerald?A.Heexpresseshisviewsdirectly.B.Hedoesn’trespectotherpeople.C.Hechangeshismindquiteoften.16.WhatdoesthemanthinkofFitzgerald’spersonality?A.Warm-hearted.B.Outgoing.C.Attractive.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatticketsarestillavailable?A.TheonesforSpiderandRose.B.TheonesforTheWildDuck.CTheonesforTwelfthNight.18.Whywillthebusleaveat3：30?A.Toavoidmissingtheshows.B.TomakeavisittotheArtsCenter.C.Togetenoughtimeforthelongjourney.19.Whatshouldthelistenerspaytosee?A.TheScottishjewelry.B.TheRussianballetexhibition.C.TheSouthAmericanphotographs.20.Whenshouldthelistenersgetbackonthebus?A.By10：10.B.By10：15.C.By10：20.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AArtActivitiesforTeensArt&DesignLabforTeensFriday,3p.m.——5p.m.Startyourweekendoffwithsomeartandinspiration（靈感）!EachFridayweoffernewgalleryadventures,differentmaterials,andtechniquestofeedyourcreativity.Staythewholetimeorstopbytoconnectwithartistsandothercreativeteens.Forages13——18,noregistration(登記)required.Fee:Free.FiveDayCourseMonday,July17——Friday,July21Thisyear'sTeenageArtSchoolexploreshowartistsreacttoaplace,biningtextandpicturestocreatestatementsaboutlife.ArtistproducerSarahYateswillguideyourexplorationofworkingwithpaint.Thisfreecourseisfor14to17yearolds.Whetherartisjustahobbyorsomethingyouarestudying,TeenageArtSchoolwillhelpyoudevelopyourskillsasanartist.ThereisalsoachancetowinBronzeArtsAward.ChinaintheMakingSaturday,June8,10a.m.——3p.m.Whatcanartmakingmaterialstellusaboutthenaturalworld,globaltrade,socialandculturalframeworks,andartists'ideas?Thisseriesofgalleryconversationsandstudioexperiencesimmerse（浸入)participantsinhandsonexplorationwhileexploringthehistoryofamaterialoncesohighlyvaluedinChinathatitwasknownas"whitegold".Materialsprovided;Preregistrationrequired.Fee：$50（members：$30）.ContemporaryGalleryJuly26——August2,4:00p.m.——5:30p.m.JoinusaswecloseoutourTeenArtistAcademywithanexhibitionandadanceperformance.ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourTeenArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteens,ages1417,learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeonexhibit.Thiseventisfreeandopentothepublic.1.What'sthepurposeof"FiveDayCourse"?A.Toofferyousomeinspirationforpainting.B.Todevelopyourinterestinpainting.C.Tomakesureyougetanaward.D.Toteachyousomeskillsinart.2.WhatisspecialaboutChinaintheMaking?A.Youhavetopayforit.B.Youcanjoininitwithoutregistration.C.Youcantakepartinitatanytime.D.YoucanlearnaboutChineseartsthere.3.Whicheventwillexhibitartworkscreatedbyteenagers?A.FiveDayCourse. B.ContemporaryGallery.C.ChinaintheMaking. D.Art&DesignLabforTeens.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個適合青少年的幾個藝術課程。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FiveDayCourse中“Thisfreecourseisfor14to17yearolds.Whetherartisjustahobbyorsomethingyouarestudying,TeenageArtSchoolwillhelpyoudevelopyourskillsasanartist.(這個免費課程是為14到17歲的孩子準備的。無論藝術只是一種愛好還是你正在學習的東西，青少年藝術學校都將幫助你發(fā)展作為一名藝術家的技能。)”可知，"FiveDayCourse課程的目的是教你一些藝術技巧。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。閱讀文章內容，并根據(jù)ChinaintheMaking中“Fee：$50（members：$30）.”可知，ChinaintheMaking是一個收費課程，而其它課程都是免費的。由此可知，ChinaintheMaking的特別之處在于其課程是收費的。故選A。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ContemporaryGallery中“ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourTeenArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteens,ages1417,learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeonexhibit.(由青少年在我們的青少年藝術家學院創(chuàng)作的藝術品將在3周的夏令營中展出，其中1417歲的青少年學會了如何計劃公共藝術品。)可知，ContemporaryGallery.會展覽學生創(chuàng)作的作品。故選B。BLastNovember,akindergartenteacher,RobinHughes,readherclassabookaboutsnow.Thestudentslistenedclosely.ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.Hughesdecidedtocallinafavourtohersister,AmberEstes.“Wouldyoubewillingtoshipasnowmantousifitsnows?”Hughescalled.Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.Afewdayslater,herneighbourhoodgotnearly10inchesofsnow.So,shewalkedoutintothesnowandbuilt“Lucky”,asmallsnowmanwithblueberryeyes,acarrotnose.Afterabout10daysofrefrigerationandplanning,Luckywasonanearly800mileflightfromKentuckytoFlorida.EstesmailedLuckyinaninsulated(絕緣)containerfilledwithicepacks.“IfLuckyarrivedinonepiece,theplanwasforhimtokeephisname,”Estessaid.“Iftheexperimentfailed,hewouldberenamedPuddles(水坑).”Thatnight,Estesstayeduplatetrackingthepackage.OnJanuary19apostaldriverdeliveredthesnowmantotheschool.Hughescuttheboxopenbeforeshepresentedthesnowmantoherstudents.Tohersurprise,Luckyhadarrivedalmostwhole.“Iwassoexcitedbecausehemadeit,”saidHughes.“Allthechildrenwantedtotouchhim.Theyaskedifheisingtolife.”Eversince,atleasttwiceaday,HughessaidshebringsLuckyoutfromthecafeteriafreezersostudentscantouchthesnowmanandaskquestions.CheersandwowsfilltheroomeverytimeLuckyisbroughtin.Whenhiscoatstartstogetshiny,shetakeshimbacktothefreezer.Thisyear,thingsarenotnormalforkidsintheclassroomorforadults,shesaid.“Thislittlesnowmanhascreatedhappiness.”HughesplanstomeltLuckybeforeEarthDayandwillusethewaterwhileplantingagardenattheschool.4.WhatcausedRobinHughestoaskhersistertomailasnowman?A.Somestudentshatedthehotweather.B.Somestudentshadneverseensnow.C.Somestudentsdidnotbelievethesnowmanwasreal.D.Somestudentshadneverdoneascienceexperiment.5.WhydidEsteslaughwhenHughesaskedhertomailasnowmantoherstudents?A.Shewasusedtohersister’sstrangerequests.B.SheknewitwouldneversnowinKentucky.C.Shethoughthersister’sideawouldbringjoytoherstudents.D.Shehadnotseenhersisterinalongtimeandmissedher.6.WhatcanweinferfromEstes’swordsinParagraph3?A.Esteswashappytohelphersister’sstudents.B.Luckywouldprobablyarriveinonepiece.C.Thestudentsdidnotagreeonanameforthesnowman.D.EsteswasunsureifLuckywouldmeltinthemail.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHughesandEstes?A.Humorous. B.Bored. C.Serious. D.Caring.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導語】本文是新聞報道。主要講述了一名幼兒園教師發(fā)現(xiàn)一部分學生沒有見過真正的雪，于是老師求助自己的姐姐將北方堆的雪人快遞到南方，滿足學生的愿望，體現(xiàn)了教師濃濃的愛心?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.”（但是休斯注意到一些孩子看起來很困惑，因為只有幾個孩子看到過雪。）可知，部分學生沒有見過真正的雪。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段“Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.”（埃斯蒂斯一笑置之，表示同意，因為休斯總是和她分享一些不同尋常的想法。）可以推斷，Estes對于妹妹的奇怪的要求已經習慣了，“一笑而過”但還是答應了該要求。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“IfLuckyarrivedinonepiece,theplanwasforhimtokeephisname,’Estessaid.‘Iftheexperimentfailed,hewouldberenamedPuddles’.”（“如果Lucky安然無恙地到達，計劃就是讓它保住自己的名字,”埃斯蒂斯說?！叭绻麑嶒炇。鼘⒈恢匦旅麨樗印?。）可知，Estes不確信雪人Lucky快遞到南方的途中會不會融化。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.”（學生們仔細地聽著。但是休斯注意到一些孩子看起來很困惑，因為只有幾個孩子看到過雪。），第二段“Hughesdecidedtocallinafavourtohersister,AmberEstes.“Wouldyoubewillingtoshipasnowmantousifitsnows?”Hughescalled.Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.Afewdayslater,herneighbourhoodgotnearly10inchesofsnow.So,shewalkedoutintothesnowandbuilt“Lucky”,asmallsnowmanwithblueberryeyes,acarrotnose.”（Hughes決定找她姐姐AmberEstes幫忙?！叭绻卵┑脑?，你愿意給我們運一個雪人嗎?”Hughes打來了。埃斯蒂斯一笑置之，表示同意，因為休斯總是和她分享一些不同尋常的想法。幾天后，她家附近積了將近10英寸厚的雪。于是，她走到雪地里，做了一個“幸運兒”，一個長著藍莓眼睛、胡蘿卜鼻子的小雪人。）和第三段“Afterabout10daysofrefrigerationandplanning,Luckywasonanearly800mileflightfromKentuckytoFlorida.”（經過大約10天的冷藏和計劃，Lucky從肯塔基州飛往佛羅里達州，飛行了近800英里。）可知，為了讓沒見過雪的孩子看雪，主人公Hughes姐妹煞費苦心郵寄雪人，說明她們都有著濃濃的愛心。故選D。CPhysicaleducation,orPE,isn’trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn’tofferedforsomedifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.Todaymanypeopledon’tdosports.Butasisknowntoall.doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.Highschoolisn’tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent’sstudiesandlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity(肥胖).Teensshouldget60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon’tgetteenstomovearound,suchasputergames,meansmanyteensdon’tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasure(措施)toencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’hazardofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealthcarespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbepreventedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.AccordingtothePresident’sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition(PCFSN),studentswhoperformedfivehoursofphysicalactivitieseachweekimprovedtheiracademic(學業(yè)的)performance.Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.8.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoesphysicaleducationinhighschoolmean?A.Makingteensattachimportanceto?xerciselater.B.Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.C.Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise.D.Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph5mean?A.Happiness. B.Risk. C.Safety. D.Sadness.10.AccordingtothePCFSN,doingsport.A.meansmakingstudentschoosebetweensportsandstudiesB.helpsstudentsmakegooduseofalltheirtimeC.meansstudentsadjusttotheirstudiesbetterD.helpsstudentsdobetterintheirstudies11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation.B.Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationimportant.C.Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports.D.Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了為什么高中生應該接受體育教育?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.(現(xiàn)在教導青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身計劃，可以幫助青少年成年后，把鍛煉放在首位)”可知，根據(jù)第二段，高中體育教育意味著讓青少年重視以后的鍛煉。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.(積極的生活方式是預防這些健康問題的好方法)”可知，如果不運動會增加青少年患多種疾病的風險。因此hazard意思是：危險，風險。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.（不參加體育活動的學生，把額外的時間用于課堂學習，在考試中的表現(xiàn)并不比那些為了支持體育而放棄一些學習時間的學生好。）”可推斷出，PCFSN認為，做運動幫助學生在學習上做得更好。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.（但是中學生應該接受體育教育嗎?答案當然是肯定的）”是全文的主題句，結合全文內容，可知這篇文章主要講了為什么高中生應該接受體育教育。故選A。DIncontrasttotheoften-heardviewsthatrobotswillreplace(替換)humanworkers,researchfirmGartnerpredictsthatartificialintelligence(AI)mayactuallycreatemorejobsthanit’sexpectedtotakeaway.By2020,artificialintelligencehascreated2.3millionjobs,goingbeyondthe1.8millionthatithasreplaced,thepanysaidinarecentreport.Inthefollowingfiveyearsto2025,net(凈得的)newjobscreatedinrelationtoAIwillreach2million,accordingtothereport.Thenumberofjobsaffectedwillbedifferentfromindustrytoindustry.Thepublicsector,healthcareandeducationareexpectedtogetthemostjobs,whilemanufacturingandtransportationmaybehitthehardest,saidGartner’sresearchdirector,ManjunathBhat.“Robotsarenotheretotakeawayourjobs,they’reheretogiveusapromotion—Ithinkthat’sthewayweshouldstartlookingatAI,”BhattoldreportersonTuesday.Gartner’spositivepredictionscontrastwiththewarningsonthedangersofAIsoundedbytoptechnologyindustryvoicessuchasKai-FuLee,thefounderofventurecapitalfirmSinovationVentures.Hesaidrobotsarelikelytoreplace50per-centofalljobsinthenextdecade.GartneradmittedinitsreportthatAIwouldcutmillionsofmiddle-andlow-levelpositions.Butitstressedthatmorenewjobswouldbecreated,includinghighly-skilledjobs,managementpositionsandevenlow-skilledjobs.“ITleadersshouldnotonlyfocusontheexpectedincreaseofjobs,”thereportsaid.“Forthegreatestvalue,focusonimprovingpeoplewithAI.Enrichpeople’sjobs,reimagineoldtasksandcreatenewindustries.ChangeyourculturetomakeitrapidlyadaptabletoAI-relatedopportunitiesorthreats.”12.WhatdoesGartnerthinkofAI?A.Humanworkerswillbeoutofwork. B.AIwillcreatemorejobsthanitcuts.C.AIwillrunoutofhumancontrol. D.Newindustrieswillreplaceoldones.13.WhowillprobablysufferjoblossaccordingtoGartner?A.Teachers. B.Dentists. C.Busdrivers. D.Socialworkers.14.What’sKai-FuLee’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopment?A.Uncertain. B.Hopeful. C.Worried. D.Confused.15.WhatdoesGartnersuggestITleadersdointhefuture?A.Makeuseofnewindustryopportunities.B.Equippeoplewithtrainingprograms.C.Stopoldbusinessandturntothenewone.D.WeleAIandadapttothechallenge.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Gartner研究公司認為，與未來人工智能取代的工作機會相比，它可能會創(chuàng)造更多的工作機會?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Incontrasttotheoften-heardviewsthatrobotswillreplace(替換)humanworkers,researchfirmGartnerpredictsthatartificialintelligence(AI)mayactuallycreatemorejobsthanit’sexpectedtotakeaway.(與經常聽到的機器人將取代人類工人的觀點相反，研究公司Gartner預測，人工智能創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機會實際上可能會超過它所可能取代的就業(yè)機會。)”可知，Gartner認為人工智能創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機會將多于減少的就業(yè)機會。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thepublicsector,healthcareandeducationareexpectedtogetthemostjobs,whilemanufacturingandtransportationmaybehitthehardest,saidGartner’sresearchdirector,ManjunathBhat.(Gartner的研究主管ManjunathBhat說，公共部門、醫(yī)療保健和教育預計將獲得最多的就業(yè)機會，而制造業(yè)和運輸業(yè)可能受到的打擊最大。)”可知，公交車司機屬于運輸業(yè)，可能會失業(yè)。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Gartner’spositivepredictionscontrastwiththewarningsonthedangersofAIsoundedbytoptechnologyindustryvoicessuchasKai-FuLee,thefounderofventurecapitalfirmSinovationVentures.Hesaidrobotsarelikelytoreplace50per-centofalljobsinthenextdecade.(高德納的樂觀預測與風險投資公司創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)投(innovationVentures)創(chuàng)始人李開復等科技行業(yè)頂級人士對人工智能危險發(fā)出的警告形成鮮明對比。他說，未來十年，機器人可能會取代50%的工作。)”可知，李開復對人工智能發(fā)展表示擔心。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forthegreatestvalue,focusonimprovingpeoplewithAI.Enrichpeople’sjobs,reimagineoldtasksandcreatenewindustries.ChangeyourculturetomakeitrapidlyadaptabletoAI-relatedopportunitiesorthreats.(為了實現(xiàn)最大價值，專注于用人工智能改善人們。豐富人們的工作，重新構想舊任務，創(chuàng)造新產業(yè)。改變你的文化，使其快速適應與人工智能相關的機會或威脅。)”可知，Gartner建議IT領導者在未來歡迎人工智能并適應挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoShowRespectWhetheryou’retalkingtoyourbestfriendorastranger,respectingthemshowsthatyou’rekindandconsiderate.Herearesomeeasywaystoshowrespectinyourlife.Listentoothers.Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.___16___Nodyourheadandaskfollowupquestionstostayfocusedintheconversation.Evenifyoudisagree,trytoconsiderthepointofviewbeforeresponding.Confirm(肯定)people’sopinions.Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.Youcanalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“Whatyoujustsaidwasreallycool.___17___”O(jiān)r,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinessofftheground.”Apologizewhenyou’reinthewrong.Itshowsagreatdealofmaturity(成熟).Ifyoumessup,asimple“I’msorry”goesalongway.Trynottomakeexcusesforyourself.___18___Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”___19___Sticktoyourword.Ifyoumit(承諾)toaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.Haveyourmaterialsinorderandpleteallthenecessaryworkaheadoftime.___20___Itcanbetoughatfirst,butit’sbettertobehonest.A.Dowhatyousayyou’lldo.B.Justsaynoifyoucan’tmit.C.Waittotalkinsteadofmerelylistening.D.Icantellyou’vethoughtalotaboutthistopic.E.Watchandbequietwhensomeoneelseistalking.F.Excusesareuselessifyouwanttocorrectyourmistakes.G.Itmightalsobehelpfultohaveaplantoavoidsuchmistakesagain.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.A20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。無論你是和你最好的朋友還是陌生人說話，尊重他們都能顯示出你的善良和體貼。文章介紹了一些在生活中表達尊重的簡單方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.(練習積極傾聽，表現(xiàn)出你對他人的尊重)”以及后文“Nodyourheadandaskfollowupquestionstostayfocusedintheconversation.(點頭并問一些后續(xù)問題以保持談話的專注)”可知，上文提到了積極傾聽，可知本句是在承接上文說明如何積極傾聽和尊重他人，故E選項“當別人說話時，注意觀察并保持安靜”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.Youcanalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“Whatyoujustsaidwasreallycool.(當你和別人說話的時候，用你自己的話來證實他們的觀點。你也可以提到他們的成就，讓他們知道你看到了他們的努力。你可以這樣說，“你剛才說的真的很酷)”以及后文“Or,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinessofftheground.”(或者，“我看得出來，你非常努力地讓你的生意起步?！?”可知，本句是對上文舉例的補充，即說話來證實對方的努力。故D選項“我知道你對這個話題想了很多”符合語境，故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”(例如，如果你忘記了截止日期，你可以說：“我真的很抱歉。我會設置提醒，這樣就不會再發(fā)生這種事了?！?”可知，后文的例子表明可以通過采取措施來避免犯錯。故G選項“制定一個計劃來避免類似的錯誤也會有所幫助”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Sticktoyourword.Ifyoumit(承諾)toaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.Haveyourmaterialsinorderandpleteallthenecessaryworkaheadoftime.(遵守你的諾言。如果你承諾了一件事或和某人有計劃，那就完成你的交易?？煽渴菍λ藭r間的尊重。把你的材料整理好，提前完成所有必要的工作)”可知，本段的主旨主要是遵守承諾，即說到做到。故A選項“說到做到”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanbetoughatfirst,butit’sbettertobehonest.(一開始可能會很艱難，但最好是誠實)”可知，后文提到了一開始很艱難，說明本句是在說明導致艱難的情況。故B選項“如果你不能承諾，就說不”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Weliveinaworldincreasinglycontrolledbyscience.Sinceelementaryschool,Ihavealways____21____subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand____22____,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities(人文學科).AndIalways____23____thoughtofthesesubjectsasmorereliableandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright____24____,Ithought,whybother?ButrecentlyIhadan____25____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學)class.BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas____26____.Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.I____27____gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite____28____.Ayoungmaninjeans,Mr.Jones“butyoucancallmeRob”wasfarfromthewhite-haired,buttoned-upoldmanIhad____29____.Ratherthanpullingusintoboringargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints,Rob_____30_____usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.Totalkmorals(道德),wereviewedthe_____31_____wehadmade.Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost_____32_____ones.It_____33_____methatifIletgoofmyprejudice(偏見),IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIonce_____34_____.Theclasstaughtme—inmorewaysthanone—tolookatthingswitha(n)_____35_____mind.21.A.chosen B.evaluated C.preferred D.avoided22.A.numbers B.puzzles C.challenges D.advances23.A.naturally B.hardly C.accurately D.impatiently24.A.reason B.answer C.method D.direction25.A.idea B.experience C.incident D.accident26.A.hopeful B.confident C.doubtful D.nervous27.A.tried B.remembered C.enjoyed D.imagined28.A.unique B.mon C.different D.strange29.A.mentioned B.expected C.met D.missed30.A.municatedwith B.agreedwith C.checkedon D.dependedon31.A.suggestions B.arrangements C.choices D.promises32.A.difficult B.effective C.discouraging D.attractive33.A.confused B.hit C.warned D.worried34.A.didwellin B.lookedforwardto C.spokehighlyof D.thoughtlittleof35.A.open B.strong C.sharp D.ready【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者本來并不喜歡人文學科，但是一次哲學課卻改變了作者的想法?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從小學開始，我就一直喜歡科學和數(shù)學這樣的科目。A.chosen選擇；B.evaluated評價；C.preferred更喜歡；D.avoided避免。根據(jù)下文“Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand____2____,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities(人文學科).”可知，作者從小就更喜歡科學和數(shù)學這樣的學科。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我看來，這些充滿發(fā)現(xiàn)和進步的學科，似乎比人文學科在人類進步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。A.numbers數(shù)字；B.puzzles謎團；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.advances進步。根據(jù)下文“seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities”可知，作者認為科學學科充滿了發(fā)現(xiàn)和進步，所以在人類進步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。故選D。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是很自然地認為這些科目比英語之類的課程更可靠、更嚴肅。A.naturally自然而然地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.accurately準確地；D.impatiently不耐煩地。根據(jù)空前的“always”以及上下文內容可知，作者總認為科學學科更可靠，更嚴肅。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有正確答案，我想，為什么還要麻煩呢？A.reason理由；B.answer答案；C.method方法；D.direction方向。空處為原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)下文“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost____12____ones.”可知，作者認為人文學科沒有正確的答案。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最近有一件事告訴我，我對學習的興趣比我想象的要靈活得多：我第一次上哲學課。A.idea想法；B.experience經歷；C.incident事件；D.accident事故。根據(jù)下文內容可知，下文講述的是作者最近上哲學課的經歷。故選B。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我走進教室之前，我很懷疑。A.hopeful有希望的；B.confident自信的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)下文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.I____7____gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”可知，下文講述的是作者在進教室之前的疑慮。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想象著進行冗長而無聊的對話，旨在反思生命的意義。A.tried嘗試；B.remembered記?。籆.enjoyed享受；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)上文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.”以及空后“gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife”可知，空后內容都是作者想出來的場景。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我得到的卻是完全不同的東西。A.unique獨特的；B.mon常見的；C.different不同的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“ButrecentlyIhadan____5____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學)class.”可知，作者實際體驗的哲學課和想象中的是不一樣的。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jones是一個穿著牛仔褲的年輕人——“但你可以叫我Rob”——他遠不是我想象中的那個白發(fā)、衣冠楚楚的老人。A.mentioned提及；B.expected期待；C.met遇到；D.missed錯過。根據(jù)上文“ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite____8____.”以及“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.”可知，哲學老師和作者本以為的樣子不一樣。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Rob沒有把我們拉進關于難以理解的哲學觀點的無聊爭論中，而是在我們的層面上與我們交流。A.municatedwith與……交流；B.agreedwith同意；C.checkedon檢查；D.dependedon依賴。根據(jù)下文“Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.”可知，空處指的是Rob和“我們”進行交流。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了談論道德，我們回顧了我們所做的選擇。A.suggestions建議；B.arrangements安排；C.choices選擇；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)上文“Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.”可知，這位哲學老師是用實例談論哲學，由此可推斷，作者他們是通過反省曾經做的選擇來談論道德。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在課程結束時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有正確答案的問題反而是最吸引人的問題。A.difficult困難的；B.effective有效的；C.discouraging令人沮喪的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根據(jù)上文“ButrecentlyIhadan____5____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學)class.”可推斷，這次哲學課改變了作者的想法，也就是說，作者覺得沒有正確答案的問題也是有吸引力的。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：A.我突然意識到，如果我放下偏見，我實際上可以從我曾經輕視的科目中得到很多東西。confuse