浙江省嘉興市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期6月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

嘉興市2023～2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試題卷考生須知：1.全卷分試題卷和答題紙兩部分，試題卷12頁(yè)，答題紙2頁(yè)，有四部分考查內(nèi)容，滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.本卷答案必須做在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置上，做在試題卷上無(wú)效。3.請(qǐng)用黑墨水簽字筆將考生個(gè)人相關(guān)信息填寫(xiě)在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置上.第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandothismorning?A.Hewentforarun.B.Hejoinedagym.C.Hedidsomework.2.Whydoesthemanneedamap?A.TotourManchester.B.Tofindarestaurant.C.TolearnaboutChina.3.Whatisthemostimportantthingfortheteamtowin?A.Theyworkedveryhard.B.Theybelievedinthemselves.C.Theyencouragedeachother.4.WheredidthemanlearnaboutIeohMingPei?A.Fromamuseumguide.B.Fromauniversitycourse.C.Fromavideoseries.5.Whatwillthespeakersbuild?A.Anewwall.B.Aplayground.C.Agarden.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inamanager’soffice.C.Inaschool.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Readinganewspaper.B.Writingareport.C.WatchingTV.9.Whatcouldthenewsatellitebeusedfor?A.Doinganoceansurvey.B.Providingpicturesofaffectedareas.C.Reducingthenumberofearthquakes.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenwilltheconcertbegin?A.At7:45pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At8:15pm.11.Whatistheconductor’snationality?A.French.B.Austrian.C.Italian.12.Wheredidthespeakershearthesecondpiecebefore?A.Inafilm.B.InDisneyland.C.Overtheradio.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhatkindofworkdidMr.Gehryusetodoprobably?A.Ananimalcarer.B.ATVhost.C.Asoftwareengineer.14.WhatwasthebiggestproblemforMr.GehryinsettingupWarmNest?A.Gettingapermit.B.Raisingenoughmoney.C.Formingasupportiveteam.15.HowmanyvolunteerswerethereinWarmNestfiveyearsago?A.Aroundonehundred.B.Aroundfifty.C.Aroundten.16.WhatisthedailyfocusofWarmNest?A.Caringforlargeanimals.B.Providingtrainingforpetowners.C.Offeringtreatmenttosmallanimals.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutnewtechnology?A.Hopeful.B.Confused.C.Worried.18.Whendidthespeakerstarttouseamobilephone?A.Atsixyearsold.B.Atnineyearsold.C.Atfifteenyearsold.19.Whatisthefirstindustrythespeakerwouldliketochange?A.Globaleducation.B.Traveling.C.Filmandmusic.20.Whatwouldthespeakertrytodointhefuture?A.Improvefoodquality.B.Explorenewenvironments.C.Lowerpricesoftechnologyproducts.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWinasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealongTheAlgarveCoastWORTH€2,910AppreciatingthattheworldismorebeautifulonfootRambleWorldwidehasbeenorganizingexpertlyplannedgroupguidedholidaysandunforgettableadventuresalongtheworld’smostuniquefootpathsforover75years.Inthepanyofaknowledgeablewalkleader,enjoythearea’sPortuguesecharmwithwalkstooneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbeachesandexploretheprettycoastalvillages.Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.SimplyAnswertheFollowingQuestionQuestion:HowlonghasRambleWorldwidebeenorganizinggroupguidedholidays?A.Over75years.B.Over30years.C.Over20years.ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.TERMS&CONDITONS:·Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.·Travelinsuranceisnotincluded.PETITIONENTRYRULES:·ThepetitionisonlyopentoresidentsoftheUK,aged18orover.·Onlyoneentryperperson.·Thewinningentrywillbechosenatrandom(隨機(jī))andthewinnerwillbeinformedbyemailorpost.1Whichofthefollowingservicescanawinnergetinthewalkingholiday?A.Asingleroom. B.Professionalguidance.C.Aroundtripairticket. D.Threefreemealsaday.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprize?A.Itcoverstravelinsuranceforthewinner.B.Therearesixsetoffdatestochoosefrom.C.Thosewhoanswerthegivenquestionwillwinit.D.Bothchildrenandadultsareallowedtoparticipate.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Inatravelbrochure. B.Inatourismposter.C.Onatravelagencywebsite. D.Inatravelmagazine.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)雙人七夜徒步旅行活動(dòng)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.(該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)面向兩名成年人，包括從蓋特威克到法羅的航班、基于兩人共享的7晚半食宿、酒店早餐和當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^晚餐、交通和徒步領(lǐng)隊(duì)服務(wù)。)”可知，在徒步旅行中，獲勝者可以獲得徒步領(lǐng)隊(duì)的專業(yè)指導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TERMS&CONDITONS:下列“Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.(假期將于2024年3月17日、4月14日、5月19日、10月6日、11月3日或11月24日開(kāi)始。)”可知，旅行有六個(gè)啟程日可供選擇。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題Winasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealong(贏得雙人七夜徒步旅行)和表格中最后一行“ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.(然后點(diǎn)擊這里，在報(bào)名表上填上你選擇的答案A、B或C。)”可知，這段文字來(lái)自在旅行社網(wǎng)站上。故選C項(xiàng)。BHumanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.HecalledittheSquareFootGarden(SFG),andthebookhewroteaboutitsoldover2.5millioncopies,beingthebestsellinggardeningbookofalltime.Uponhisretirementin1975,Bartholomewbecameinterestedingardening,butthemorehegotintoit,themoreinefficienthefoundittobe.Gardeninghadlongbeenpracticedinrows,whichBartholemewfoundtobewasteful,anddifficulttowork.Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.Bartholemew’sviewwasthattraditionalgardeningwithitslongrowsinbetweenwastedspace,water,fertilizer(化肥)andwork.Infact,hisconclusionwasthatrowgardenstookupabout80percentmorespacethanneeded.Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).TheSFGsystemispopularandreliable,butithaslimitations.Forinstance,itcanbeexpensivetosetup,althoughusingrecyclablematerialstobuildbedscanhelp.Inaddition,itdoesn’tworkwellindryclimatesbecauseraisedbedsdryoutmorequickly.Butwhateveritslimitations,SFGhasgottenmillionsofpeoplegrowingtheirownfoodwhomightotherwisehaveneverknownthejoyofgardening.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inparagraph1mean?A.Remove. B.Cause. C.Replace. D.Control.5.WhatkindofpersonwasMelBartholomew?A.Carefulandpatient. B.Friendlyandoutgoing.C.Creativeandresourceful. D.Responsibleandhelpful.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheadvantageofSFG?A.Ithelpssavespace. B.Ituseslessenergy.C.Itbenefitstheenvironment. D.Itworksindifferentclimates.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingbookongardening. B.Thehistoryoftraditionalgardening.C.Agardeningmethodinventedbyanengineer. D.ThegreatjoybroughtbytheSquareFootGarden.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一位土木工程師想出了一種新的種植糧食方法，介紹了其優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及局限性。【4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(每個(gè)方格都用于種植一種特定的蔬菜，植物被緊密排列以減少雜草的生長(zhǎng)空間，這也說(shuō)明了它的水和資源效率。)”以及劃線詞后文“alotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit”可知，這種方法減少雜草的生長(zhǎng)空間，增加了資源利用，即可以去除了許多繁瑣的除草和澆水工作。故劃線詞意思是“去除”。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.(利用他的工程技術(shù)，巴塞洛繆想出了一種園藝方法，可以在一個(gè)小后院或屋頂上練習(xí)，只需要排花園10%的水。)”以及第三段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(為了最大限度地利用空間，他開(kāi)始使用凸起的床，把床分成許多12×12英寸的正方形，每個(gè)正方形都用繩子或木隔板隔開(kāi)。每個(gè)方格都用于種植一種特定的蔬菜，植物被緊密排列以減少雜草的生長(zhǎng)空間，這也說(shuō)明了它的水和資源效率。)”可知，梅爾·巴塞洛繆有創(chuàng)造力和機(jī)智。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.(為了最大限度地利用空間，他開(kāi)始使用凸起的床，把床分成許多12×12英寸的正方形，每個(gè)正方形都用繩子或木隔板隔開(kāi)。)”可知，SFG有助于節(jié)省空間。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Humanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.(人類種植糧食已有12000年的歷史，但50年前，一位名叫梅爾·巴塞洛繆的土木工程師想出了一種種植糧食的新方法，可以省去許多繁瑣的除草和澆水工作。)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一位土木工程師想出了一種新的種植糧食方法，介紹了其優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及局限性?？芍?，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是一位工程師發(fā)明的園藝方法。故選C。CIfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.Meanwhile,manytechnologistsclaimthatGenAItoolssuchasChatGPTaremorelikelytohelpworkersthanreplacethem.Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客戶).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.However,withoutcarefullyassessing(評(píng)估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.Firmsshouldthereforeidentifywhetherthetechthey’reinterestedinislikelytobeanetbenefitornot,accordingtoPeter,assistantprofessorofAIatLeidenUniversity.Actually,thereareseveralotherdisadvantagesthatfirmsseekingtoadoptitmustavoid.Inabankingconference,forinstance,15CIOshadallbeenkeentorealizethehugeproductivitygainspromisedbyGenAI.Threemonthslater,theseITchiefs“hitawall”whentrustissuesconcerningdataprivacyandsecurityarose.Theywereworriedthatthedatatheyhadbeenputtingintothetoolswouldmakeitswayintotheirpetitors’banks.DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.8.Whydoestheauthorlistnumbersinparagraph1?A.ToexplaintheupsettingfactaboutAI.B.Tointroducetechnologists’viewsonAI.C.ToprovethevalueoftheresearchonAI.D.Toshowdifferentpeople’sideasaboutAI.9.WhatcanwelearnfromtheexampleofClearyGottliebfor?A.ThelawfirmlacksconfidenceinAI.B.TheAlcan’tsummarizelawyers’experience.C.ThedocumentproducedbyAIisofpoorquality.D.Furtherstepsareneededbeforethedocumentisused.10.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.ThepotentialrisksofAI. B.ThewaytoassessAl’seffects.C.TheongoingapplicationofAI. D.Thedifficultiesemployeesface.11.WhatcanweinferfromDylanMorley’sopinion?A.FirmsshouldnotuseAItools.B.AIisnottheonlywaytogainefficiency.C.AIisamoreplextoolthanwethink.D.It’snecessarytomeasuretheimpactofAI.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人工智能（AI）在不同行業(yè)中的應(yīng)用、其潛在影響以及公司應(yīng)該如何評(píng)估和管理這些影響。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“IfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.(如果我們相信一些關(guān)于人工智能的令人不安的頭條新聞，那么幾乎沒(méi)有人的工作是安全的。根據(jù)2023年的一項(xiàng)研究，32%的英國(guó)員工認(rèn)為人工智能可能會(huì)使他們的角色變得不必要。然而，同樣的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，28%的員工認(rèn)為人工智能可以讓他們的工作更輕松。)”可知，作者在第一段中通過(guò)列出具體的數(shù)字，如32%的英國(guó)員工認(rèn)為人工智能可能會(huì)使他們的角色變得不必要、28%的員工認(rèn)為人工智能可以讓他們的工作更輕松，是為了展示不同人對(duì)AI的不同看法。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客戶).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.(所以不同的行業(yè)都在探索它。例如，國(guó)際律師事務(wù)所ClearyGottliebfor使用GenAI掃描其數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并在與新客戶會(huì)面之前創(chuàng)建其律師的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)摘要。然而，該公司表示，人工智能生成的文件不會(huì)立即準(zhǔn)備好發(fā)送。)”可知，雖然該公司使用了AI工具來(lái)掃描數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并生成律師的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)摘要，但這個(gè)由AI生成的文檔不會(huì)立即準(zhǔn)備好發(fā)送。這意味著在使用這個(gè)文檔之前，還需要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的步驟或檢查。因此，我們可以從這個(gè)例子中了解到，在使用AI生成的文檔之前需要進(jìn)一步的步驟。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“However,withoutcarefullyassessing(評(píng)估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.(然而，在沒(méi)有事先仔細(xì)評(píng)估可能產(chǎn)生的副作用的情況下，企業(yè)采用新的人工智能工具可能會(huì)疏遠(yuǎn)員工，甚至使他們的生活變得更加困難。)”以及全段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了AI的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即如果不進(jìn)行仔細(xì)評(píng)估，公司可能會(huì)面臨員工疏遠(yuǎn)或生活困難的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。接著，該段還提到了公司應(yīng)該確定他們感興趣的技術(shù)是否可能帶來(lái)凈效益，這也與評(píng)估AI的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有關(guān)。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.(Asos首席工程師DylanMorley報(bào)告說(shuō)，衡量這些工具的影響是整個(gè)行業(yè)“熱烈討論”的話題。但他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這比簡(jiǎn)單地采用一種工具并等待效率提高10%要復(fù)雜得多。她認(rèn)為，如果企業(yè)的主要目標(biāo)確實(shí)是提高效率，那么它們可以把重點(diǎn)放在管理會(huì)議時(shí)間等領(lǐng)域，而不是采用人工智能工具。)”可知，DylanMorley提到，如果提高效率確實(shí)是公司的主要目標(biāo)，那么公司應(yīng)該關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域不僅僅是采用AI工具，還可以是其他領(lǐng)域，比如管理會(huì)議時(shí)間。這暗示了AI并不是提高效率的唯一方法，公司有其他多種選擇可以考慮。故選B。DPeoplegreeteachotherinvariouswayssuchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.“Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(紐帶)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.“Earlierstudiesinthewildhavereportedthatwhenthesegroupsmeet,theelephantsperformspecialgreetingstoannounceandstrengthentheirsocialbonds.”Thestudyidentifiedaround20specificmovementsrelatedwithelephantgreetings,oftenacpaniedbydifferentsoundsaswell.Smellalsoplaysacrucialroleingreetings,withelephantsexhibitingbehaviorslikeemitting(排放)bodywaste.Besides,elephantsmakegestures(動(dòng)作)meanttobeseen,suchasspreadingtheirearsordisplayingtheirbehinds,andemploytouchinggesturesinvolvingtouchingotherelephants.Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.Wildmaleelephantsoftendon’tformcloseconnectionswithothersbutusetheirnosestotouchtheheadsofotherelephants,givingoffachemicalcalledtemporincontainingimportantinformation.Elephantgreetingsplayanimportantpartinmunicationandsocialbondingamongtheseintelligentcreatures.Throughtheirgestures,sounds,andsmells,elephantsdeliverimportant.informationabouttheiridentity,physicalstate,andemotionalwellbeing.12Whatdoweknowaboutelephantgreetingsfromparagraph1?A.Theyareperformedmainlybymaleelephants.B.Theyareusedtoshowpowerwithinthegroup.C.Theyincludephysicalactionssimilartohumans’.D.Theystrengthensocialbondsbetweenfamilygroups.13.Howdoelephantsshowawarenessofwhatotherssee?A.Theyproducedifferentsmells.B.Theymakeasmanygesturesaspossible.C.Theymakeuseofsoundstodrawattention.D.Theyemployvisualortouchinggesturesaccordingly.14.Whatmethodswereadoptedintherecentstudyonelephants?A.Interviewsandsurveys. B.Observationandparison.C.Modeldesignandcreation. D.Experimentsanddatacollection.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretinElephantBehaviorsB.ScienceBehindElephantSoundsC.ExplorationofElephantGreetingsD.NewLightonElephantMovements【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要解釋了非洲大象在Jafuta保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)如何互相問(wèn)候、問(wèn)候的多種方式以及這些問(wèn)候的社會(huì)和溝通意義?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(紐帶)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.(該研究的主要作者、維也納大學(xué)的VestaEleuteri說(shuō)：“不同家庭群體的母象可能彼此之間有很強(qiáng)的社會(huì)紐帶，形成了我們所說(shuō)的紐帶群體?！?”可知，不同家庭群體的母象可能彼此之間有很強(qiáng)的社會(huì)紐帶，形成了我們所說(shuō)的紐帶群體。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.(它們實(shí)際上表現(xiàn)出對(duì)其他大象所能看到的東西的理解，當(dāng)它們的伴侶在看它們時(shí)，它們會(huì)用視覺(jué)手勢(shì)，而當(dāng)它們不在時(shí)，它們會(huì)用觸摸手勢(shì)。)”可知，大象會(huì)根據(jù)其他大象是否在看而使用視覺(jué)或觸摸手勢(shì)，這顯示了它們對(duì)其他大象所見(jiàn)的意識(shí)。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.(在各種動(dòng)物中都觀察到類似的問(wèn)候行為，這有助于通過(guò)減少緊張或鞏固社會(huì)關(guān)系來(lái)管理社會(huì)狀況。該研究觀察了保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)的雌象和雄象，雌象的問(wèn)候與野象的問(wèn)候非常接近，而雄象的問(wèn)候則有所不同。)”可知，研究主要是通過(guò)觀察保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)的雌象和雄象，并比較了不同性別之間的問(wèn)候方式。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Peoplegreeteachotherinvariousways,suchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.(人們以各種方式互相問(wèn)候，比如用不同的語(yǔ)言說(shuō)“你好”，或者通過(guò)握手、擁抱或親吻等肢體動(dòng)作。同樣，大象也有各種各樣的問(wèn)候，最近在津巴布韋賈夫塔保護(hù)區(qū)對(duì)非洲大象進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究表明。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要研究和分析大象如何以及為何用特定方式進(jìn)行問(wèn)候，C項(xiàng)“探索大象的問(wèn)候”適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.____16____Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增強(qiáng))wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.____17____PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.____18____paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.Thebenefitsofcelebratingmomsalsoreachtheirkids.____19____Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.Thatmeansit’simportanttosendappreciationmom’swayeveryday,notjustonMother’sDay.Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為)mostdaysacrosstheyear.____20____Helpingmomsfeelhappywillhelpthefamilyfeelhappy,too.A.Sowhatcanfamiliesdotoenhancemoms’happiness?B.Stresscanalsoimpacthowattentivemomsaretotheirfamily.C.However,wedon’toftenhearaboutthebenefitsofcelebratingmoms.D.Positiveparentsenhancechildren’smentalwellbeingandsocialbonds.E.Momsplayanimportantroleinshapingouridentitiesandguidingourlife.F.WhileflowersonMother’sDayareappreciated,let’scelebratemomseveryday.G.Ifyou’reanadultlivingfarawayfromyourparents,don’tforgettocallyourmom.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章為慶祝媽媽給出一些建議，以增強(qiáng)媽媽和她們所愛(ài)的人的幸福?！?6題詳解】上文“Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.(母親節(jié)是祝福母親的節(jié)日。)”說(shuō)明母親節(jié)要祝福母親，選項(xiàng)C“然而，我們很少聽(tīng)說(shuō)祝福媽媽的好處。”轉(zhuǎn)折上文語(yǔ)義，引出下文“Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增強(qiáng))wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.(根據(jù)我和其他心理學(xué)家的研究，這里有一些在母親節(jié)和每天祝福媽媽的建議，以增強(qiáng)媽媽和她們所愛(ài)的人的幸福。)”介紹文章主題，為祝福媽媽給出一些建議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.(心理學(xué)研究表明，母親節(jié)賀卡是正確的——通過(guò)告訴母親她們很了不起，或者她們總是知道如何讓家人感覺(jué)更好，來(lái)建立母親的信心，這對(duì)提高媽媽的幸福感非常有效。)”介紹了提高媽媽幸福感的具體措施，選項(xiàng)A“那么，家庭該怎么做才能提高媽媽們的幸福感呢？”提出怎樣提高媽媽的幸福感的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)中enhancemoms’happiness和下文中詞匯重疊，語(yǔ)義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.(與父親相比，母親通常會(huì)感覺(jué)與孩子的情感聯(lián)系更緊密，更認(rèn)同自己是父母。和孩子打個(gè)真的能提高媽媽的幸福感。)”說(shuō)明打能提高媽媽的幸福感，選項(xiàng)G“如果你是一個(gè)離父母很遠(yuǎn)的成年人，別忘了給媽媽打?！苯ㄗh給媽媽打。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】下文“Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.(例如，我的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在青春期的孩子看來(lái)，壓力較小的媽媽更能理解孩子的想法。當(dāng)母親感到積極樂(lè)觀時(shí)，她們與孩子的溝通會(huì)更好，孩子也會(huì)感覺(jué)更好。)”說(shuō)明積極樂(lè)觀的母親能夠更好地和孩子建立聯(lián)系并讓孩子更加身心健康，選項(xiàng)D“積極樂(lè)觀的父母能增強(qiáng)孩子的心理健康和社會(huì)聯(lián)系?！币I(lǐng)下文，概括說(shuō)明積極樂(lè)觀的父母培養(yǎng)積極樂(lè)觀的孩子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為)mostdaysacrosstheyear.(母親是世界各地家庭舒適和關(guān)懷的主要來(lái)源，然而在一年中的大部分時(shí)間里，我們很容易把她們視為理所當(dāng)然。)”說(shuō)明現(xiàn)實(shí)中母親付出很多，然而節(jié)日之外大部分時(shí)間被忽視，選項(xiàng)F“雖然母親節(jié)的鮮花很受歡迎，但讓我們每天都為媽媽們祝福?！背薪由衔?，說(shuō)明除了母親節(jié)，我們應(yīng)該每天都祝福媽媽。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。RachelBeckwithwasa9yearoldgirlfromAmerica.Shehadaspecialbirthday____21____.Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____22____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries.Rachel____23____tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortofher____24____.Shemadea(an)____25____tohermomthatshewouldtryagainnextyear.Unfortunately,onJuly20,2011,Rachelwas____26____inacaraccidentwithhermomandsister.____27____herfamilyonlysufferedminorinjuries,Rachelwasbadlyhurtandwas____28____tothehospital.Threedayslater,herfamilyhadtomakethe____29____decisiontotakeherofflifesupport.AfterRachel’spassing,newsofherbirthdaywish_____30_____worldwide.Peoplestarteddonatingto“Charity:Water”inher_____31_____,andthecontributionspouredin.Rachel’sheartwasdonatedtoamaninCalifornia,whoalsosupportedher_____32_____.BytheendofRachel’sbirthdaycampaign(活動(dòng))inSeptember,morethan$1.26millionhadbeengiftedtocleanwaterprojects.To_____33_____Rachel’slegacy(遺產(chǎn)),herfamilystartedanonprofitcalledRachel’sWishingWellFoundation,_____34_____tospreadingawarenessaboutgivingandhelpingothers.Anyonecanmakeabig_____35_____,nomatterhowsmallthecontribution.21.A.party B.gift C.wish D.surprise22.A.borrowing B.raising C.having D.earning23.A.managed B.planned C.decided D.needed24.A.chances B.resources C.experience D.goal25.A.suggestion B.request C.apology D.promise26.A.caught B.frightened C.seen D.included27.A.While B.After C.Once D.Since28.A.guided B.moved C.rushed D.introduced29.A.quick B.tough C.wise D.correct30.A.unfolded B.came C.spread D.appeared31.A.interest B.favor C.power D.honor32.A.approach B.cause C.opinion D.experiment33.A.continue B.protect C.get D.keep34.A.addicted B.limited C.used D.devoted35.A.change B.mark C.difference D.leap【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹Rachel有一個(gè)特別的生日愿望，夢(mèng)想著為“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)籌集300美元，后來(lái)意外事故她去世了，但是她的生日愿望傳遍了整個(gè)世界，人們?yōu)榱思o(jì)念她，紛紛為“慈善之水”捐款的故事，告訴我們?nèi)魏稳硕伎梢宰龀龊艽蟮母淖?，不管貢獻(xiàn)有多小?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她有一個(gè)特別的生日愿望。A.party派對(duì)；B.gift禮物；C.wish愿望；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)下文“Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，夢(mèng)想給一個(gè)慈善組織集資，這是她的生日愿望，故選C。22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒(méi)有要求禮物，而是夢(mèng)想著為“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)籌集300美元，這是一個(gè)幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人們獲得清潔水的組織。A.borrowing借；B.raising籌集；C.having有；D.earning賺，掙得。根據(jù)下文“$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，此處表示為慈善組織籌集資金，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Rachel設(shè)法從她的家人和朋友那里籌集了220美元，但她離目標(biāo)還有一點(diǎn)距離。A.managed設(shè)法做到；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.decided決定；D.needed需要。根據(jù)下文“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortof”可知，Rachel設(shè)法籌集了220美元，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.chances機(jī)會(huì)；B.resources資源；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.goal目標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文“shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries”和“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends”可知，她已經(jīng)籌集到了220美元，所以離300美元的目標(biāo)還差一點(diǎn)，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她向她媽媽承諾明年再試一次。A.suggestion建議；B.request需求；C.apology道歉；D.promise諾言。根據(jù)下文“thatshewouldtryagainnextyear”可知，這是她向她媽媽做出的承諾，故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，在2011年7月20日，Rachel與她的媽媽和妹妹發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)車(chē)禍。A.caught(使)遭遇；B.frightened使驚恐；C.seen