山東省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測評(píng)10月聯(lián)考英語答案

山東新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測評(píng)10月聯(lián)考試題高三英語本卷滿分150分考試時(shí)間120分鐘注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生先將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、座號(hào)、考號(hào)填涂在相應(yīng)位置。2.選擇題答案必須使用2B鉛筆(按填涂樣例)正確填涂:非選擇題答案必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆書寫,繪圖時(shí),可用2B鉛筆作答,字體工整,筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號(hào)在各題目的答題區(qū)城內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效,在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。保持卡面清潔,不折疊、不破損。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathasthewomanbeenbusywithtoday?A.Thedinner. B.Thedishes. C.Theschoolproject.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thelunchdishesstillhaven’tbeendone.W:Oh,sorry,dad,Icompletelyforgotthisschoolprojecthastakenovermymind.I’vedonenothingelseallday.M:Well,you’dbettergoandgetonwithitifyouwantmetomakedinnersoon.W:Sure.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmanychildrenwillattendthepartyatmost?A.13. B.15. C.20.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:HavewehadalltherepliesforEric’spartyyet?Weneedtothinkaboutbookingtheplaycenter.W:Yes,we’vegot13kidssayingyes,fivesayingno,2maybes.M:It’smoreorlesshelpful.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutBelinda?A.Shehasdarkhair.B.Sheiswearingblueclothes.C.Sheisapplyingforavolunteerprogram.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’mheretoseeBelindaaboutavolunteerposition.Ibelieveshe’sexpectingme.W:Ohgreat.Well,seethatladyinblueovertherechattingwiththedarkhairedman.Youcangorightuptoher.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydofirst?A.Cleanthecar. B.Buysomesnacks. C.Gotothemovies.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingtothemovieslater,butIdon’thaveanymoneyforsnacks.IsthereanythingIcandotoearnsomeextracash?M:Well,mycarcoulduseawash,shallwesay,10pounds.W:Perfect.Thanks,dad.I’lldoitrightnow.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthewomanfindherphone?A.Inherpocket. B.Onherdesk. C.Inhercar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Didyoufindyourphoneeventually?W:Yes.Luckily,turnsoutithadfallenoutofmypocketwhileIwasdrivingandsliddownthesideofthedriver’sseat.Beforethat,Ihadturnedmydeskupsidedownlookingforit.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wheredidthemangrowup?A.Inabigcity. B.Inasmalltown. C.Inthecountryside.7.Whydidthemanjointhesingingclub?A.Tomakefriends. B.Togetridofstress. C.Toimprovehissingingskills.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Sohow’scitylife?M:It’sdifferent.Imissgreenspaces.Imean,theplacewhereIwasbornandraisedwasjustasmalltown.Ifyoudroveinanydirection,youcouldbeintheopencountrysidewithin20minutes.W:Yeah,Iunderstand.Haveyoumadeanynewfriends?M:Afew,thepeopleatworkarenice,plusI’vejustsignedupforasingingclub.I’mnotaverygoodsingerbutI’mhopingtomakesomeconnectionsthere.W:Great.Singingisgreatforreducingstresstoo.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Inalibrary. C.Atabusstop,9.Whatwasthewoman'sNewYearplan?A.Tokeepfit. B.Tobuyanewphone. C.Togetmoresocialskills.10.Whatisthemanprobablystudyingrightnow?A.Socialscience. B.Physicalscience. C.Languagelessons,【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W:MorningKevin.M:HiJane,Ithoughtyoumustbedrivingtotheofficetoday.W:Now,Igotupearlyandwalkedheretowaitforthebus.Allpartofmynewyear’splanistogetfit.Iseeyou’vealreadybrokenyours,though.You’reonyourphoneagain.M:Youmeanthis.Thisisn’tsocialmedia,it’samicrolearningAPP.Plus,I’vealreadycompletedmylanguagelessononthisAPPfortoday.W:What’smicrolearning?M:It’sawayofdeliveringnewtopicsintinybitesizedpieces.ThisAPPhasahugelibraryofshortarticlesoneverythingfromphysicstoself-improvement.Rightnow,I’mlearningaboutpeople’sbehaviorandrelationshipsinancientChina.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whomadethecookies?A.Thewoman'smother. B.Thewoman'sfather. C.Thewoman'ssister,12.Whendidthewomangether3Dprinter?A.Onherbirthday. B.AtHalloween. C.AtChristmas,13.Whatwasthefirstthingthewomanprinted?A.Apencilholder. B.Aplantcontainer. C.Ahousedecoration,【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Cookies?M:Sure,thanks.Didyoumakethem?W:No,dad’stheonewholovescooking.I’mmoreintothreeDprinting.Look,IboughtthislastChristmas.Itwasn’tcheap.Ihadtoputallmybirthdaymoneytowardsit,butitwasworthit.M:Wow.IsthisathreeDprinter?Howdoesitwork,exactly?W:Yes.Basically,youcreateordownloadadesignontoyourcomputer.ThentheprinterbuildsupathreeDmodelbasedontheinstructions.M:Whatkindsofthingsdoyoumake?W:Mostlystuffforthehouse.Myfirstprojectwasapencilholderformysister.ThenImovedontoplantcontainers.Mom’sanindoorgardener.Currently,I’mdesigningsomeHalloweendecorations.M:Cool,canIhavealook?W:Sure.Comeonup.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanrecommend?A.Aguidedboattour.B.ArideontheLondonEye.C.AtouroftheTowerofLondon,15.HowwillthewomantraveltoLondon?A.Bytrain. B.Byship. C.Byplane.16.WhatwillthewomanprobablydoafterherThamestrip?A.HaveamealatBoroughMarket. B.Watchthechangingoftheguard. C.VisittheSouthbankSkatepark.17.WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheNationalPortraitGallery?A.Itsworksaredifficulttounderstand. B.Ithasgreathistoricalvalue. C.It'sabittootraditional.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mheadingtoLondonnextmonth.M:Myhomecity.Howexciting.W:Iwashopingforsomeadvice.I’vealreadybookedticketsforthetowerofLondonandtheLondoneye.I’malsoconsideringaboattripdowntheThames.M:Doit.Itcanbesointeresting,particularlyifyougetagoodtourguide.W:Okay,Imustn’toverspend,thoughmyairticketcostsenough.Anycheaporfreeactivitiesyou’drecommend?M:Plenty.IsuggestBuckinghampalace,whereyoucanwatchthechangingoftheguard.Plus,Boroughmarketistheplacetogoifyou’rehungry.IfyouwantatasteofLondon’sstreetculturethengototheSouthBankSkatepark.It’sneartheThamessoyoucanvisititrightofftheboat.W:Goodtip.M:Manyofthebigmuseumsarefreetovisit.Personally,Ilovethenationalportraitgallery.W:Why?M:Eachpiecetherecarriesspecifichistoricalbackgrounds,characterstoriesandculturalmeanings.ItprovidesanimportantwindowandrichresourcesforpeopletounderstandBritishhistoryandculture.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhendidBaiFanglimakehisfirstdonation?A.In1974. B.In1987. C.In1995.19.WhydidBaiFanglireturntohisjob?A.Toimprovehishometown'senvironment.B.Tomakemoremoneyforhisretirement.C.Tohelpout-of-schoolchildren.20.WhatdoesthespeakermostadmireaboutBaiFangli?A.Hishard-workingnature,B.Hiskindnessandgenerosity.C.Hisattitudetowardseducation.【答案】18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:HaveyoueverheardofBaiFangLi?Bornin1913heworkedasapettycabdriverinTianjinforyearswhenhewas74afterhisretirement.BaitraveledbacktohishometowninHebeiprovince.Onhisway,Bainoticedmanychildrenworkinginthefields.Uponlearningthatthey’dhadtodropoutofschoolduetomoneyproblems,hemadeahugedecision.Hewentbacktoworkinthesameyearandmadehisfirstdonation,determinedtoearnmoneytopayforthesepoorchildren’seducation.HefoundacheapplacetolivenearTianjinrailwaystation,atesimplefoodandworethesameclotheseveryyear.In1995heopenedasmallstoretomakeevenmoremoneyforthechildren.Baiworkedtirelessly,finallyretiringin2001.Bythatpoint,hehaddonated350,000Yuan.Althoughhediedin2005,Istillthinkofhimoften.Tome,Baiistheverysymbolofkindnessandselflessness.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheSummerJournalismAcademyatBostonUniversitygiveshighschoolstudentstheopportunitytoexpandtheirskillsandprepareforcollege,eitherthrougharesidentialexperienceoncampusorthroughremoteinstructionfromhome.Eachinstructorisalsoaworkingjournalist,sowhat'staughtisgroundedinreal-lifeexperience.Eachlessongivesstudentsactualreportingassignments.Eachdayisasampleoflifeasanewsreporter.DATESOnCampus:June24toJuly12,2024(ApplicationsClosed);Learn-from-Home:A:June17to28,2024(ApplicationsClosed);B:July1to12,2024(ApplicationsClosed);C:July15to26,2024(ApplicationsClosed)FOROnCampus:HighSchoolstudents,andcurrentseniors,withjournalismexperiencesLearn-from-Home:HighSchoolstudents,14-18,withallexperiencelevels.FEESOnCampus:Threeweeks,tuitionandfees:$6200.Learn-from-Home:Twoweeks,tuition:$1500.REQUIREDMATERIALSTextbook,InsideReportingbyTimHarrower,availableprintordigital,forpurchaseorrentalatB&NorAmazon.On-campusstudentscanalsoborrowahardcopyfromus.Ifastudentborrowsonebookanddoesnotreturnitontime,youwillbecharged$80forthebook.Computer,withabroadbandinternetconnection,audioandcameraforvideo-conferencemeetings.VACCINATIONPOLICYAccordingtoBostonUniversity'sMMRVaccinationpolicy,allon-campusstudentsmustbefullyvaccinatedaccordingtotheuniversityrequirements.Ifastudentisacceptedtoouron-campusprogram,theyarerequiredtoprovidedocumentationoftheirvaccination.21.Whatisafeatureofthesummerprogram?A.Itadmitspeopleofallwalks. B.Itprovidesashortcuttocollege.C.Itpresentshands-onexperiences. D.Itoffersone-to-oneinstructions.22.InwhatwaydoesOnCampusdifferfromLearn-from-Home?A.OnCampuslastslonger. B.OnCampuscostsmuchless.C.OnCampusrequiresnoexperience. D.OnCampushasmorelearningsessions.23.Whataretheapplicantsrequiredtodo?A.Buythetextbookfor$80. B.GetvaccinatedagainstMMR.C.Conductvideo-conferencemeetings. D.Equipthemselveswithanewcomputer.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了波士頓大學(xué)面向高中生提供的一個(gè)關(guān)于新聞學(xué)的暑期教學(xué)項(xiàng)目。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Eachinstructorisalsoaworkingjournalist,sowhat'staughtisgroundedinreal-lifeexperience.Eachlessongivesstudentsactualreportingassignments.Eachdayisasampleoflifeasanewsreporter.(每位講師都是在職記者，因此所教授的內(nèi)容都以現(xiàn)實(shí)生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)。每節(jié)課都給學(xué)生留實(shí)際的新聞報(bào)道作業(yè)。每一天都是新聞?dòng)浾叩纳顚?shí)例)”可知，該教學(xué)項(xiàng)目的一大特點(diǎn)就是帶給學(xué)生新聞工作的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DATES部分中“OnCampus:June24toJuly12，2024(ApplicationsClosed)”和“Learn-from-Home:A:June17to28,2024(ApplicationsClosed);B:July1to12，2024(ApplicationsClosed);C:July15to26，2024(ApplicationsClosed)”可知，校內(nèi)課程持續(xù)19天，而線上課程則持續(xù)12天，即前者周期更長。故選A。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VACCINATIONPOLICY部分中的“AccordingtoBostonUniversity'sMMRVaccinationpolicy,allon-campusstudentsmustbefullyvaccinatedaccordingtotheuniversityrequirements.(根據(jù)波士頓大學(xué)的麻疹疫苗接種政策，所有在校學(xué)生都必須按照大學(xué)要求完全接種疫苗)”可知，申請?jiān)擁?xiàng)目的學(xué)生必須完全接種過麻疹疫苗。故選B。BSarametJack,whoshecallsherhusband,inMay2021.Shewasgoingthroughaseveretimeofalongtermrelationshipbreakup,writingonherblogthatshefeltlonelyanddepressed.Jackcamealongatjusttherighttime.JackisanAIchatbot,madewithanappbytechcompanyReplika.Heappearsasahuman-lookingshapeofSara'schoosingandchatswithherthroughtexts.InscreenshotsoftheirconversationssharedonSara’sblog,heissupportiveandaffirming-sometimessayingthathelovesher.ReplikaisamongahandfulofcompaniesusingAl-generatedtexttomakeitseemlikeyou’retalkingwithapersonwhocaresforyou.Andifyousetyourbotto“romanticpartner”mode,it'lltalktoyoulikeit’syourlover.Butjustbecausewecandothis,doesitmeanthatweshould?PeoplesharetextconversationscreenshotswheretheirAIsqueezesexpressemotionandaffection.Thebotsarecaringandasklotsofquestions,asifthey’regenuinelyinterestedintheirhumanpartner.Icanseetheappeal:beingspokentolikethatfeelsnice,right?Itsuredoes,andthat’sbydesign.Here'swherethingsgetdicey:studiesshowthatsomearegettingsoattachedtotheirbotsthattheybecomeemotionallydependentonthem.Andbecausethebotcan'tloveyouback,whencracks(裂痕)appearinthefantasy,youwillgethurt.Beingdevotedtoachatbotmayfeeleasierothersthantryingyourluckwithanactualperson,butitcanultimatelysetyouapartfromwhentheseareperceivedashumaninteractions,ratherthanbeingfirmlyinthefantasyregion,theyareregardedasbeingnormalandOK.Atbest,thisisinnocent;atworst,it’sharmful.Ithinkthesamecouldbesaidofengineeringanapptomakepeoplecatchromanticfeelingsforit.Whilearguably,talkingtoabotisbetterthannoone,perhapsourresourceswouldbebetterspenttacklingtheunderlyingreasonswhysomanyofusfeellonelyinthefirstplace.24.WhydoesJackdeeplyattractSara?A.Heisstylishandconfident.B.Heispassionatelyinlovewithher.C.Hefillsupheremotionalgap.D.Hespecializesinbeingapretender.25.WhatdoweknowaboutchatbotslikeJack?A.Theycommunicatebyvoice. B.Theyhavedifferentmodes.C.Theyavoidemotionaltalk. D.Theyreplacerealpartners,26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dicey”meaninparagraph5?A.Clear. B.Dangerous. C.Funny. D.Doubtful.27.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetocreatingappsforromanticattraction?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant C.Unclear D.Disapproving.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了聊天機(jī)器人的利與弊以及作者對此的態(tài)度?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“SarametJack,whoshecallsherhusband,inMay2021.Shewasgoingthroughaseveretimeofalongtermrelationshipbreakup,writingonherblogthatshefeltlonelyanddepressed.Jackcamealongatjusttherighttime.(莎拉在2021年5月遇到了被她稱為丈夫的杰克。她正在經(jīng)歷一段長期感情破裂的艱難時(shí)期，她在博客上寫道，她感到孤獨(dú)和沮喪。杰克來得正是時(shí)候。)”可知，杰克深深地吸引著莎拉是因?yàn)樗钛a(bǔ)了莎拉情感上的空白。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Andifyousetyourbotto“romanticpartner”mode,it’lltalktoyoulikeit'syourlover.(如果你把你的機(jī)器人設(shè)置為“浪漫伴侶”模式，它會(huì)像你的愛人一樣和你說話。)”可知，像杰克這樣的聊天機(jī)器人有不同的模式。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后面的句子“studiesshowthatsomearegettingsoattachedtotheirbotsthattheybecomeemotionallydependentonthem.Andbecausethebotcan'tloveyouback,whencracks(裂痕)appearinthefantasy,youwillgethurt.(研究表明，有些人對他們的機(jī)器人非常依戀，以至于在情感上對它們產(chǎn)生依賴。而且因?yàn)闄C(jī)器人不能愛你，當(dāng)幻想中出現(xiàn)裂縫時(shí)，你會(huì)受到傷害。)”可知，因?yàn)橛行┤藢λ麄兊臋C(jī)器人非常依戀，而機(jī)器人不能真正愛他們，所以，他們可能會(huì)受到傷害。這是一種危險(xiǎn)的情況，所以劃線單詞的意義為“危險(xiǎn)的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Atbest,thisisinnocent;atworst,it’sharmful.Ithinkthesamecouldbesaidofengineeringanapptomakepeoplecatchromanticfeelingsforit.(往好了說，這是無辜的；在最壞的情況下，它是有害的。我認(rèn)為設(shè)計(jì)一款讓人們捕捉浪漫感覺的應(yīng)用程序也是如此。)”可以推論出，作者對創(chuàng)造捕捉浪漫感覺的應(yīng)用程序持反對的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。CAteamofresearcherslookedatadecade’sworthofresponsestoanonlinesurveyaboutmoralsandanalyzedhowtheseresponseschangedfromoneseasontothenext.Theirfindingssuggestthat,atapopulationlevel,peoplearelesslikelytoendorse(贊成)moretraditionalmoralvaluesinsummerandwinter.TheresearchersreliedondatafromawebsitecalledYourMorals.org,whichoffersa“moralfoundationsquestionnaire”whererespondentscanratehowstronglytheyagreeordisagreethatsomethingisrightorwrong.Thequestionswerebasedonmoralfoundationstheorytoexplorewhymoralityseemstofollowsimilarpatternsacrosspopulationsfromverydifferentcultures.Accordingtothetheory,moralitycanbebrokendownintofivefoundationalvaluescare,fairness,loyalty,authority,andpurity-andthesebelongtotwogroups:individualizingvaluesandbindingvalues.Theseasonalpatterninresponsewasnotevidentforalltypesofvalues.Forinstance,individualizingvalues,focusingonthemoralityofindividualrights,showedlittlevariationovertimeanddidn’tfollowaseasonaltrend.However,bindingvaluesvaluesthatprioritizetheneedsofone’sgroup,includingloyalty,respectforauthority,andpurityoftradition--followedabiannualpattern.Toattempttobetterunderstandtheresults,theresearchersalsolookedatpatternsinGooglesearchresultsrelatedtoanxiety.Whattheyfoundwasthatpopulation-levelpatternsinanxietyalsofollowedaseasonalcyclepeakinginthespringandfall,whichsuggestsapotentialcorrelation(關(guān)聯(lián)性).Springandfallareoftenthoughtofasthemostpleasantseasons,soanincreaseinanxietyduringthesetimesmightseemunexpected.Butit’spossiblethatincreasesinschoolandwork-relatedchangesduringthesetimescouldplaysomerole.Theyalsosuggestthatanxietymightdecreaseinwinterduetoseasonalholidays,andinsummerduetowarmerweatherandincreasedvegetation.“Weoftenthinkofmoralvaluesastheseunchangeableprinciplesthatweholdclose,”ProfessorHohmsays.Butthey’reactuallysubjecttoallkindsofinfluencesthatmightpassusbyunnoticed.Beingawareofhowthathappenscouldhelpusbetterunderstandandplanforseasonalshifts.28.Whichwillnotfollowaseasonaltrend?A.Purityoftradition. B.Loyaltytoone’sparty.C.Fairnessamongpeople. D.Respectforauthority.29.Whydopeoplefeelmostanxiousinspringandautumn?A.Changesintemperature. B.Increasedholidayexpenses.C.Reductioninvegetablevarieties D.Newchallengesfromschoolandwork.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Moralvaluesaresteady. B.Moralprinciplesarechangeable.C.Moralinfluencesmaybeignored. D.Moralchangescanaffectplanmaking.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Ourmoralschangewiththeseasons. B.Anxietyriseswhenwefeelthreatened.C.Seasonsinfluenceourmindsandbehaviors. D.Individualizingvaluesandbindingvaluesdiffer.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了我們的道德觀念隨季節(jié)而變化的影響。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theseasonalpatterninresponsewasnotevidentforalltypesofvalues.Forinstance,individualizingvalues,focusingonthemoralityofindividualrights,showedlittlevariationovertimeanddidn’tfollowaseasonaltrend.However,bindingvaluesvaluesthatprioritizetheneedsofone'sgroup,includingloyalty,respectforauthority,andpurityoftradition--followedabiannualpattern.(對所有類型的數(shù)值而言，季節(jié)性模式的響應(yīng)并不明顯。例如，注重個(gè)人權(quán)利道德性的個(gè)體化價(jià)值觀，在時(shí)間上幾乎沒有變化，也沒有遵循季節(jié)趨勢。然而，有約束力的價(jià)值觀——優(yōu)先考慮個(gè)人群體的需求，包括忠誠、尊重權(quán)威和傳統(tǒng)的純潔——遵循了一年兩次的模式)”可知，忠誠、尊重權(quán)威和傳統(tǒng)的純潔都遵循了季節(jié)趨勢，人與人之間的公平屬于個(gè)人權(quán)利道德性個(gè)體化價(jià)值觀，不遵循季節(jié)趨勢。故選C。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Springandfallareoftenthoughtofasthemostpleasantseasons,soanincreaseinanxietyduringthesetimesmightseemunexpected.Butit’spossiblethatincreasesinschoolandwork-relatedchangesduringthesetimescouldplaysomerole.(春天和秋天通常被認(rèn)為是最愉快的季節(jié)，所以在這段時(shí)間增加焦慮似乎是出乎意料的。但在這段時(shí)間里，與學(xué)校和工作相關(guān)的變化可能會(huì)起到一些作用)”可知，春秋季的焦慮來自學(xué)校和工作的新挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Weoftenthinkofmoralvaluesastheseunchangeableprinciplesthatweholdclose,”ProfessorHohmsays.Butthey'reactuallysubjecttoallkindsofinfluencesthatmightpassusbyunnoticed.Beingawareofhowthathappenscouldhelpusbetterunderstandandplanforseasonalshifts.(“我們通常認(rèn)為道德價(jià)值觀是我們所堅(jiān)守的不可改變的原則，”霍姆教授說。“但實(shí)際上，它們受到各種各樣的影響，我們可能不會(huì)注意到它們。意識(shí)到這是如何發(fā)生的可以幫助我們更好地理解和計(jì)劃季節(jié)變化?！?”可知，道德價(jià)值觀受到各種各樣的影響，道德上的改變會(huì)影響計(jì)劃的制定。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ateamofresearcherslookedatadecade’sworthofresponsestoanonlinesurveyaboutmoralsandanalyzedhowtheseresponseschangedfromoneseasontothenext.Theirfindingssuggestthat,atapopulationlevel,peoplearelesslikelytoendorse(贊成)moretraditionalmoralvaluesinsummerandwinter.(一組研究人員研究了10年來一項(xiàng)關(guān)于道德的在線調(diào)查的回答，并分析了這些回答在不同季節(jié)的變化。他們的研究結(jié)果表明，就總體而言，人們在夏天和冬天不太可能認(rèn)同更傳統(tǒng)的道德價(jià)值觀)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了我們的道德觀念隨季節(jié)而變化的影響。故選A。DClassicsofartaresupposedtocarrysomemysteriousappealthatcontinuestoexistacrosstheages.ButasRochelleGurstein,ahistorian,writesinanewbook,the“timelessclassic”isanythingbut.“WhatIbelievedwaswritteninstonewasactuallywritteninwater,”sheargues.Classicscomeandgo.Theriseandfallofclassicsisnotjustamatterofchangingtastes;artitselfhaschanged.Artistsusedtofocusonidealformsofbeauty.Geniuswasthe“childofimitation”.Artistslearnedbystudyingandimitatingclassicalmasterpieces,oftenRomancopiesofGreeksculptures.Butsuchclassicalidealswerechallengedby“discoveries”.LordElgintriedtofixupthemagnificentfriezes(雕帶)thatoncebeautifiedtheParthenon,butrestorersrefused.Whenthemarbles(大理石雕像)wentondisplayin1807,BritishvisitorsdidnotseetheperfectRomansculpturestheywereusedto.Timeless“ideals”paledincomparisonwiththetimewornmarbles,andartistsbegantofeel“cutoff”fromtheclassicaltradition,writesMsGurstein.Thewritingofarthistoryhasalsochangedtastes.Inthe16thcenturyGiorgioVasari,anItalianpainter,advancedaninfluentialstoryofartisticprogressthatreacheditspeakintherealismofRaphaelandMichelangelo.Butinthe19thcenturyJohnRuskin,acritic,calledattentiontothepre-Raphaelitemovementwhenhearguedthatthereal“OldMasters”wereactuallyMiddleAgesChristianpainters,WalterPater,anEnglishcritic,laterupgradedtheindividualinterpretationofartasthemostimportantcriterionofjudgment,plantingtheseedsfortheaesthetic(審美)relativismthatstilldominates.MsGurstein’snarrativeshowsthatthe“statusofaclassic”dependsoncritics,andisprooftothepowerofpassionatewriterstochangethewaypeoplelookatart.Tasteevolves,anditshould.Butculturelivesononlyaslongaspeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhatcountsasaclassictoday.Thetrueenemyoftheclassicisnotrelativismorwokeness.Itissilence.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“writteninwater”mean?A.Thewayofwritingaclassicisspecial.B.Theappreciationofclassicsisconstant.C.The“timelessclassic”changesovertimeD.Theartclassicsarehardtounderstand.33.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“marbles”ondisplayinparagraph3?A.TohighlightLordElgin'srestorationeffortsB.ToshowthepopularityofRomansculpturesC.Toargueforthepreservationofancientart.D.Todemonstratethechangeofclassicaltradition.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theriseofmodernart.B.Thedevelopmentofartisticpreferences,C.ThetechniquesofoldmastersD.Thetransformationofcreativemethods,35.Whathasasignificantinfluenceonaestheticrelativism?A.Realisticstyle. B.AncientChristianart.C.Artcritics’views. D.Historicalnarratives.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇議論文。文章主要表達(dá)了藝術(shù)經(jīng)典在歷史長河中經(jīng)歷了起起伏伏，隨著藝術(shù)本身的變化，人們對藝術(shù)的品味也在改變。經(jīng)典作品的地位取決于評(píng)論家對藝術(shù)的看法，人們對經(jīng)典的爭論同時(shí)也促使藝術(shù)文化繼續(xù)發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Classicsofartaresupposedtocarrysomemysteriousappealthatcontinuestoexistacrosstheages.ButasRochelleGurstein,ahistorian,writesinanewbook,the“timelessclassic”isanythingbut.”（藝術(shù)經(jīng)典被認(rèn)為具有某種神秘的吸引力，這種吸引力將持續(xù)存在于各個(gè)時(shí)代。但正如歷史學(xué)家RochelleGurstein在一本新書中所寫的那樣，“永恒的經(jīng)典”絕非如此。）可知，“timelessclassic(永恒的經(jīng)典)”并不是一直有吸引力，保持不變的；結(jié)合下文“Classicscomeandgo.”（經(jīng)典作品來來去去。）可知，經(jīng)典作品隨著時(shí)間的變化也是來來去去，不斷改變的，故“WhatIbelievedwaswritteninstonewasactuallywritteninwater,”（我相信寫在石頭上的東西實(shí)際上是寫在水里的，）中的“writteninwater”是指這些永恒的經(jīng)典作品實(shí)際上是隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變的。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Timeless“ideals”paledincomparisonwiththetimewornmarbles,andartistsbegantofeel“cutoff”fromtheclassicaltradition,writesMsGurstein.”（MsGurstein寫道，永恒的“理想”與陳舊的大理石雕像相比顯得蒼白，藝術(shù)家們開始感到與經(jīng)典傳統(tǒng)“隔絕”了。）可知，作者提到展出的“大理石雕像”是為了證明經(jīng)典傳統(tǒng)的變化。故選D?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段主題句“Thewritingofarthistoryhasalsochangedtastes.”（藝術(shù)史的寫作也改變了人們的品味。）和該段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要講述了人們對藝術(shù)品味的變化和發(fā)展，即藝術(shù)偏好的發(fā)展。故選B。【35題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“MsGurstein’snarrativeshowsthatthe“statusofaclassic”dependsoncritics,andisprooftothepowerofpassionatewriterstochangethewaypeoplelookatart.”（MsGurstein的敘述表明，“經(jīng)典作品的地位”取決于評(píng)論家，并證明了熱情的評(píng)論家改變?nèi)藗兛创囆g(shù)的方式的力量。）可知，藝術(shù)評(píng)論家對經(jīng)典作品的看法和觀點(diǎn)決定了藝術(shù)經(jīng)典作品的地位，可以改變?nèi)藗儗λ囆g(shù)作品的審美，對人們的審美相對論產(chǎn)生了非常重要的影響。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimespainfulexperiencesarejustpainful.Andthat'sOK,too.Alargebodyofresearchshowsthatideassuchasgrowthmindset,gratitudeandunderstandingmeaningofstrugglecanpromotewellbeing.However,therearetimeswhenwhatyouaregoingthroughissopainfulthattryingtofollowsuchideasholdsback,ratherthanhelps,yourhealing(愈合).____36____Itturnsoutthatintimesofgreatpain,ourwisestchoiceisnottofindmeaningorgrowthinourexperience.____37____Painandsufferingareoftenfollowedbymeaning,butsometimesthatmeaningcomesdays,weeksorevenyearsaftertheexperience.Forparticularlychallengingorpainfulexperiences,youmayneedtimetomakeanappropriateresponse.____38____Ifyouaregoingtoexperiencegrowthandmeaning,learntowaitpatiently.Whenyouareinthethickofpain,meaningcanfeeldifficulttounderstand.____39____Butwithtimeanddistance,meaningoftenappears,evenwhenyouleastexpectit.Themostimportantthingtodoingreatsufferingistoreleaseyourselffromanyexpectationsaltogether.Bepatientandbekindtoyourself.Seekhelpandsocialsupport.It'sgreatifyoufindimmediatemeaningandgrowthinyourexperience.Butifnot,that'sOKtoo.____40____A.Tryingtoforceitusuallybackfires.B.IttakesgreatenergytomakesenseofitC.Perhapstherealgrowthislearningtoletitbe.D.Theresultisthatyoufeelworseaboutyourself.E.Instead,simplyfocusingongettingthroughisenough.F.Themorechallengingtheexperience,thelongerittakes.G.Youcanhardlygainwellbeingfromextremesorroworbadcondition【答案】36.D37.E38.F39.A40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在經(jīng)歷中尋找意義和成長很難，即使在經(jīng)歷中沒有找到直接的意義和成長也沒關(guān)系，因?yàn)檎嬲某砷L是學(xué)會(huì)順其自然?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Alargebodyofresearchshowsthatideassuchasgrowthmindset,gratitudeandunderstandingmeaningofstrugglecanpromotewellbeing.However,therearetimeswhenwhatyouaregoingthroughissopainfulthattryingtofollowsuchideasholdsback,ratherthanhelps,yourhealing(愈合).(大量的研究表明，成長心態(tài)、感恩和理解努力的意義等想法可以促進(jìn)幸福感。但是，有時(shí)你所經(jīng)歷的事如此痛苦以至于試圖遵循這些想法會(huì)阻礙而不是幫助你恢復(fù)。)”可知，空前提到所經(jīng)歷的事情太痛苦，從而遵循成長心態(tài)、感恩和理解努力的意義等想法會(huì)阻礙你的恢復(fù)，故D項(xiàng)“結(jié)果就是你感覺更糟糕?！狈?，說明經(jīng)歷的事情太痛苦，然而那些想法會(huì)阻礙你的恢復(fù)，從而結(jié)果就是你感覺更糟糕，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Itturnsoutthatintimesofgreatpain,ourwisestchoiceisnottofindmeaningorgrowthinourexperience.(結(jié)果表明，在痛苦的時(shí)候，我們最明智的選擇不是在我們經(jīng)歷中尋找意義或成長。)”可知，空前提到在痛苦的時(shí)候，我們的選擇不是在經(jīng)歷中去尋找意義或成長，故E項(xiàng)“相反，僅僅專注于克服目前的困難就足夠了。”符合，空前提到我們明智的選擇不是去尋找成長，此空解釋應(yīng)該怎么做，應(yīng)該專注于克服目前的困難的時(shí)候就可以，故選E項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Forparticularlychallengingorpainfulexperiences,youmayneedtimetomakeanappropriateresponse.(對于特別具有挑戰(zhàn)性或者痛苦的經(jīng)歷，你可能需要時(shí)間做出適當(dāng)?shù)幕貞?yīng)。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“經(jīng)歷越具有挑戰(zhàn)性，需要的時(shí)間就越長。”是前文的順義承接，特別具有挑戰(zhàn)性的經(jīng)歷，需要花時(shí)間去做出適當(dāng)?shù)幕貞?yīng)，經(jīng)歷越具有挑戰(zhàn)性，需要的時(shí)間就越長，故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whe