湖南省部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題

高三英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howmanybookscanapersonborrowatmost?A.Seven.B.Eight.C.Eleven.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkinghisbag.B.Lookingforhisbelongings.C.Catchingaplane.3.Whyshouldthespeakerscelebrateaccordingtotheman?A.Foranewmovie.B.Forthewoman'sreturn.C.Forthewoman'spromotion.4.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inanoffice.B.Inashoppingmall.C.Attheseaside.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtokeepahealthydiet.B.Whattheyhaveforbreakfast.C.Theimportanceofdrinkingmilk.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Calloffareservation.B.Askforsomeinformation.C.Makeanappointment.7.Whatdoesthemanneedthewomantoprovide?A.Thespecificreason.B.Herpersonalinformation.C.Someextramoney.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecake?AQuitesatisfactory.B.Tooexpensive.C.Abitdisappointing.9.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$80.B.$96.C.$112.10.Howwillthemanpay?A.Bycheck.B.Bycreditcard.C.Incash.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.HowdoesAlicesound?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Patient.12.WhatdidTomdolastnight?A.HeinvitedAlicetoaparty.B.Heattendedaparty.C.HetriedtocolorAlice'shair.13.WhatdoesAllensuggestAlicedo?A.Watchthetime.B.Gostraighttothehairdresser's.C.Makeaphonecall.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoarethespeakersmostprobably?A.Students.B.Governmentofficials.C.Educationalexperts.15.WhydomanystudentsfailinEnglishinthepublicexamination?A.Thenewtestingmethodisn'tpracticalforthem.B.Thereisashortageoftrainedandskilledteachers.C.Thetextbookistoodifficult.16.What'stheman'ssuggestion?A.Givingsufficienttrainingtotheteachers.B.TeachingEnglishindifferentclassrooms.C.Makingsurethetextbookissuitableforstudents.17.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardtheman'ssolutions?A.Disapproving.B.Appreciative.C.Unclear.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Disadvantagesofusingemailindailylife.B.Advantagesofusingemailatwork.C.Waysofusingemailmoreefficientlyatwork.19.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodo?A.Turnofftheputer.B.Checkemailthreetimesaday.C.Readalltheemailmessagesatonce.20.Howcanpeoplejudgewhichmessagestoanswerrightaway?A.Byhavingaquicklookatthesubjects.B.Byreadingthewholemessage.C.Bylookingthroughthesendersofmessages.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhenstudentswriteforteachers,itcanfeellikeanassignment.Whentheywriteforarealpurpose,theyareempowered!Studentwritingcontestsareachallengingandinspiringwaytotrywritingforanauthenticaudience.JohnF.KennedyProfileinCourageEssayContestThisannualcontestinvitesstudentstowriteaboutapoliticalofficial’sactofpoliticalcouragethatoccurredafterKennedy’sbirthin1917.Thewinnerreceives$10,000,and16runnersupalsoreceiveavarietyofcashprizes.Studentsmaysubmita700—to1,000—wordessaythroughOctober12.Theessaymustfeaturemorethanfivesourcesandafullbibliography(參考書目).ThePrincetonTen—MinutePlayContestLookingforstudentwritingcontestsfornewplaywrights?Thisexclusivepetition,whichisopenonlytohighschooljuniors,isjudgedbythetheaterstaffofPrincetonUniversity.Studentssubmitshortplaysinanefforttowinrecognitionandcashprizesofupto$500.(Note:Onlyopento11thgraders.)Studentssubmitone10pageplayscript(劇本)onlineorbymail.ThedeadlineistheendofSeptember.BenningtonYoungWritersAwardsBenningtonCollegeofferspetitionsinthreecategories:poetry(agroupofthreepoems),fiction(ashortstoryorone—actplay),andnonfiction(apersonaloracademicessay).Firstplacewinnersreceive$500.Grabaposterforyourclassroomhere.StudentscansubmittheirworksbeforeNovember15.Thewebsitelinkstoastudentregistrationform.NancyThorpPoetryContestThedeadlineforthiscontestistheendofOctober.SponsoredbyHollinsUniversity,theNancyThorpPoetryContestawardsprizesforthebestpoemssubmittedbyyoungwomenwhoaresophomoresorjuniorsinhighschoolorpreparatoryschool.Prizesincludecashandscholarships.WinnersarechosenbystudentsandstaffmembersinthecreativewritingprogramatHollins.Studentsmaysubmiteitheroneortwopoemsonline.1.HowmanycontestantswillwinprizesinJohnF.KennedyProfileinCourageEssayContest?A.1. B.5. C.16. D.17.2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBenningtonYoungWritersAwards?A.Itoffersthehighestcashprize. B.Itsentriesshouldfeaturefivecategories.C.Ithasthelatestdeadline. D.Itsentrieswillbejudgedbyprofessionals.3Whichofthefollowingisaimedatfemalepoemlovers?A.NancyThorpPoetryContest. B.BenningtonYoungWritersAwards.C.ThePrincetonTenMinutePlayContest. D.JohnF.KennedyProfileinCourageEssayContest.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個適合學(xué)生參加的寫作比賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohnF.KennedyProfileinCourageEssayContest部分中“Thewinnerreceives$10,000,and16runnersupalsoreceiveavarietyofcashprizes.(獲勝者將獲得1萬美元獎金，16名亞軍還將獲得各種現(xiàn)金獎勵)”可知，該比賽共有17位參賽者最終會獲獎。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohnF.KennedyProfileinCourageEssayContest部分中“Studentsmaysubmita700—to1,000—wordessaythroughOctober12.(學(xué)生可以在10月12日之前提交一篇700到1000字的論文)”；ThePrincetonTen—MinutePlayContest部分中“ThedeadlineistheendofSeptember.(截止日期是九月底)”；BenningtonYoungWritersAwards部分中“StudentscansubmittheirworksbeforeNovember15.(學(xué)生可以在11月15日之前提交作品)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“ThedeadlineforthiscontestistheendofOctober.(本次比賽的截止日期是十月底)”可知，BenningtonYoungWritersAwards的最終截止日期是最晚的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NancyThorpPoetryContest部分中“SponsoredbyHollinsUniversity,theNancyThorpPoetryContestawardsprizesforthebestpoemssubmittedbyyoungwomenwhoaresophomoresorjuniorsinhighschoolorpreparatoryschool.(南?！に髌赵姼璐筚愑苫袅炙勾髮W(xué)主辦，對高中或預(yù)科學(xué)校二年級或三年級的年輕女性提交的最佳詩歌進(jìn)行獎勵)”可知，該比賽的對象是喜歡詩歌的女性。故選A。BOseiBoateng,whogrewupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana,watchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,peoplespendhoursgettingtothenearesthospital.Drivenbyastrongsenseofurgencytolendahand,Boatengestablishedhisnonprofitorganization,theOKBHopeFoundation.In2021,heturnedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotemunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkaswellasprovidemedications.Sinceitwasestablished,themobileclinichasservedmorethan4,000citizensacrossmorethan45ruralmunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcareandhasgotmuchpraise.“Iamveryimpressedbytheservicetheyprovide,andthatisthebestchanceforusruralpeopletogetthetreatmentwewant,”saidAbraham,oneofBoateng’sneighbors.Boateng’sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople’svitalsigns,suchasbloodpressureandglucose(葡萄糖)levels,andprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.Inthefuture,Boatengwantstobroadenthereachofhiseffortstodelivermedicalservices,notonlytoGhana’sremoteregionsbutalsotoothernationsacrosstheglobe.“IbelievethatourmodelcanbecopiedinSubSaharanAfrica,”hesaid.“So,thegoalistoreallydevelopstrategicpartnershipsandgetadditionalmobilehealthvansforthemunitiesortheregionsthatwewanttoserve.”4.WhatmotivatedBoatengtolaunchtheOKBHopeFoundation?A.Thedreamofimpressinghisfamilymembersandneighbors.B.ThehopeofcreatingjobsformedicalprofessionalsinGhana.C.Thebarriertobasichealthcareinhismunity.D.Thedrivetoraisepeople’sawarenessofhealth.5.WhydoestheauthormentionAbrahaminparagraph4?A.Toshowthemobileclinichasservedmanypeople.B.Toimplythepositiveimpactofthemobileclinic.C.Tojudgetheserviceprovidedbythemobileclinic.D.Todescribethecurrentsituationofthecitizens.6.Whatroledothelocalhealthadvocatesplay?A.Theyassistpatientstogettheirmedicine.B.Theyhelpthedoctorstoanalyzedata.C.Theykeepthemedicalfacilitiesingoodcondition.D.Theyexaminethepatientsbeforefurthertreatment.7.WhatisBoateng’slongtermvisionfortheOKBHopeFoundation?A.Toexpandthemobileclinicservicebeyondhiscountry.B.Toworkwithothernationstopromotehisorganization.C.ToestablishanationalhealthinsurancesysteminGhana.D.TobuildalargehospitalineveryruralmunityinGhana.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。在加納南部的一個小村莊長大的OseiBoateng，創(chuàng)辦了他的非營利組織OKBHopeFoundation，并將一輛面包車改裝成移動醫(yī)生辦公室，開始直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“OseiBoateng,whogrewupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana,watchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,peoplespendhoursgettingtothenearesthospital.(奧塞·博阿滕在加納南部的一個小村莊長大，目睹了他的許多家人和鄰居難以獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健。在這個國家的許多地區(qū)，人們要花幾個小時才能到最近的醫(yī)院)”以及第二段“Drivenbyastrongsenseofurgencytolendahand,Boatengestablishedhisnonprofitorganization,theOKBHopeFoundation.(出于一種強(qiáng)烈的伸出援助之手的緊迫感，博阿滕建立了他的非營利組織——OKB希望基金會)”可知，他所在社區(qū)獲得基本保健面臨障礙促使博阿滕發(fā)起OKB希望基金會。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Sinceitwasestablished,themobileclinichasservedmorethan4,000citizensacrossmorethan45ruralmunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcareandhasgotmuchpraise.“Iamveryimpressedbytheservicetheyprovide,andthatisthebestchanceforusruralpeopletogetthetreatmentwewant,”saidAbraham,oneofBoateng’sneighbors.(自成立以來，流動診所已經(jīng)為45多個農(nóng)村社區(qū)的4000多名市民提供了服務(wù)，這些人本來就無法獲得醫(yī)療服務(wù)，并得到了很多好評。博阿滕的鄰居亞伯拉罕說:“他們提供的服務(wù)給我留下了深刻的印象，這是我們農(nóng)村人獲得治療的最好機(jī)會。)”可知，作者在第4段提到亞伯拉罕是為了暗示流動診所的積極影響。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Boateng’sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople’svitalsigns,suchasbloodpressureandglucose(葡萄糖)levels,andprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.(博阿滕的組織還培訓(xùn)了20名志愿者擔(dān)任當(dāng)?shù)氐慕】党珜?dǎo)者。他們檢查病人的生命體征，如血壓和血糖水平，并為醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊提供及時的數(shù)據(jù)，以評估如何推進(jìn)護(hù)理和治療，特別是對那些健康處于危險中的人)”可知，健康倡導(dǎo)者在病人接受進(jìn)一步治療之前先給他們做一些簡單的檢查，并將數(shù)據(jù)提供給醫(yī)生。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inthefuture,Boatengwantstobroadenthereachofhiseffortstodelivermedicalservices,notonlytoGhana’sremoteregionsbutalsotoothernationsacrosstheglobe.(在未來，博阿滕希望擴(kuò)大他的努力范圍，提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，不僅到加納的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，而且到全球其他國家)”可知，博阿滕對OKBHopeFoundation的愿景是將移動醫(yī)療室的服務(wù)擴(kuò)展到國外。故選A。CBabieslessthanayearoldcanbinesimpleconceptsintoplexideas,showingthatcreativitybeginsinbabyhood.AccordingtonewresearchattheCentralEuropeanUniversity(CEU),babiesarenotonlycapableofcreativethinkingwellbeforestartingtospeak,butthissortofthinkingmaybeessentialforlanguageacquisition(習(xí)得).Inthestudy,theresearcherssetouttoexploretheoriginsofhumancreativityandproductivethinkingtotrytofindouthowpeoplearriveatpletelynewthoughtsandideas.Thebasicmechanismfordoingthisistakingfamiliarconceptsandbiningthemintonewstructures,butlittleisknownabouthowearlyinlifetheseabilitiescanbeused.Theresearchersfoundthatbabieswereabletoveryquicklylearnnewwordsthatdepictsmallquantities—animpressiveachievement—andbinethesespontaneously(自發(fā)地)withfamiliarwordstofullyunderstandaphrase.Inthestudy,theresearchersstartedbyteachingthebabiestwonewwords:“mize”,tomean“one”,and“padu”,tomean“two”.Thenthebabieswereaskedtobinethesenewnumberwordswithdifferentobjectnames,forexample,toidentify“paduducks”fromamongagroupofimages.Byteachingnewwords,theresearcherswereabletotestthebabies’abilitytobineconceptsinrealtime,ratherthansimplyrecallbinationsofwordsthattheyalreadyknewfrompreviousexperience.Byusingeyetrackingtechnologytomonitorwherethebabieslook,theresearcherswereabletoshowthatthebabiescouldsuccessfullybinethetwoconceptstounderstandwhattheywerebeingaskedabout.Leadresearcher,DrBarbaraPomiechowskaattheCEU,said,“Forbabies,thisabilitytobinedifferentconceptsislikelytohelpnotonlytointerprettheplexlanguageinput,butalsotolearnaboutdifferentaspectsofthephysicalandsocialworld.”8.Whatcanweknowaboutbabies’creativethinking?A.Itdevelopsafterbabies’languageskills. B.Itdeterminesbabies’intelligence.C.Itiskeytolanguagelearning. D.Itwilldisappearwithtime.9.Whatistheprimarygoalofthestudy?A.Toassessbabies’capabilityofcreativethinking.B.Tostudythewaynewthoughtsandideasareformed.C.Tofindouthowmanynewwordsbabiescanlearn.DToexploretheoriginsofbabies’languageacquisition.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depict”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Describe. B.Demand. C.Replace. D.pare.11.Howdidtheresearcherstestbabies’conceptbination?A.Bytrackingtheirphysicalactions. B.Bymeasuringtheirbrainactivity.C.Byobservingtheireyemovements. D.Byanalyzingtheirlanguageability.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要說明了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一歲以下的嬰兒可以將簡單的概念組合成復(fù)雜的想法，這表明創(chuàng)造力始于嬰兒時期。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AccordingtonewresearchattheCentralEuropeanUniversity(CEU),babiesarenotonlycapableofcreativethinkingwellbeforestartingtospeak,butthissortofthinkingmaybeessentialforlanguageacquisition(習(xí)得).(根據(jù)中歐大學(xué)（CEU）的一項新研究，嬰兒不僅在開始說話之前就有創(chuàng)造性思維的能力，而且這種思維對語言習(xí)得可能是必不可少的。)”可知，創(chuàng)造性思維對于兒童的語言發(fā)展很關(guān)鍵。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthestudy,theresearcherssetouttoexploretheoriginsofhumancreativityandproductivethinkingtotrytofindouthowpeoplearriveatpletelynewthoughtsandideas.(在這項研究中，研究人員著手探索人類創(chuàng)造力和高效思維的起源，試圖找出人們是如何產(chǎn)生全新的思想和想法的。)”可知，這項研究的主要目的是研究新思想和觀念形成的方式。故選B。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“andbinethesespontaneously(自發(fā)地)withfamiliarwordstofullyunderstandaphrase(并將這些單詞與熟悉的單詞自發(fā)地結(jié)合起來，以完全理解一個短語)”可知，研究人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中教授嬰兒兩個新單詞，發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒能夠很快地學(xué)會描述小數(shù)量的新單詞，將這些單詞與熟悉的單詞自發(fā)地結(jié)合起來，以完全理解一個短語。故劃線詞depict表示“描述”。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Byusingeyetrackingtechnologytomonitorwherethebabieslook,theresearcherswereabletoshowthatthebabiescouldsuccessfullybinethetwoconceptstounderstandwhattheywerebeingaskedabout.(通過使用眼動追蹤技術(shù)來監(jiān)測嬰兒看的地方，研究人員能夠證明嬰兒能夠成功地將這兩個概念結(jié)合起來，以理解他們被問到的問題)”可知，研究人員通過觀察他們的眼球運(yùn)動測試嬰兒的概念組合。故選C。DThepossibilityofhydrogenpoweredflightmeansgreateropportunitiesforfossilfreetravel,andthetechnologicaladvancestomakethishappenaremovingfast.NewstudiesfromChalmersUniversityofTechnology,inSweden,showthatalmostallairtravelwithina750mileradius(1,200km)couldbemadewithhydrogenpoweredaircraftby2045,andwithanovelheatexchangercurrentlyindevelopment,thisrangecouldbeevenfurther.“Ifeverythingfallsintoplace,themercializationofhydrogenflightcangoreallyfastnow.Asearlyas2028,thefirstmercialhydrogenflightsinSwedencouldbeintheair,”saysTomasGr?nstedt,professoratChalmersUniversityofTechnology.SomeofthesetechnologicaladvancescanbeseeninsidetheChalmerswindtunnels,whereresearcherstestairflowconditionsincuttingedgefacilities.Here,moreenergyefficientenginesarebeingdevelopedthatpavethewayforsafeandefficienthydrogenflightforheavydutyvehicles.Heatexchangersareavitalpartofhydrogenflight,andtheyareakeypartofthetechnologicaladvancestakingplace.Tokeepthefuelsystemslightweight,thehydrogenneedstobeinliquidform.Thismeansthatthehydrogeniskeptsupercoolintheaircraft,typicallyaround250degreesCelsius.Byrecoveringheatfromthehotexhaustsofthejetengines,andbycoolingtheenginesinstrategiclocationstheybeemoreefficient.Totransfertheheatbetweenthesupercoolhydrogenandtheengine,noveltypesofheatexchangersareneeded.Tomeetthischallenge,researchersatChalmershavebeenworkingforseveralyearstodevelopapletelynewtypeofheatexchangers.Thetechnologytakesadvantageofhydrogen’slowstoragetemperaturetocoolengineparts,andthenuseswasteheatfromtheexhaustgasestopreheatthefuelseveralhundreddegreesbeforeitisinjectedintothebustionchamber(燃燒室).12.Whatmaybeaneffectofhydrogenpoweredflightmentionedinthetext?A.Makingairtravelmoreaffordable. B.Reducingairpollutionsignificantly.C.Increasingthespeedofaircraftsharply. D.Providingmorefortableflights.13.WhatisTomas’attitudetowardsthefutureofhydrogenpoweredflight?A.Unfavorable. B.Dismissive. C.Unclear. D.Positive.14.Whatisthemainfunctionofthenoveltypeofheatexchangers?A.Tocoolthehydrogentoitsliquidstate. B.Toreleaseheatfromtheenginestotheair.C.Toincreasetheefficiencyofthejetengines. D.Tohelpwasteheatgetintothebustionchamber.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeytoHydrogenPoweredFlight:HeatExchangerTechnologyB.TheFutureofFossilFreeTravel:HydrogenPoweredFlightC.TakingHydrogenPoweredFlight:OveringMoreChallengesD.HydrogenPoweredFlight:ReadyforTakeoffwithNewAdvances【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了氫動力飛行的可能性以及相關(guān)的技術(shù)進(jìn)展，特別是熱交換器在其中的關(guān)鍵作用?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thepossibilityofhydrogenpoweredflightmeansgreateropportunitiesforfossilfreetravel,andthetechnologicaladvancestomakethishappenaremovingfast.NewstudiesfromChalmersUniversityofTechnology,inSweden,showthatalmostallairtravelwithina750mileradius(1,200km)couldbemadewithhydrogenpoweredaircraftby2045,andwithanovelheatexchangercurrentlyindevelopment,thisrangecouldbeevenfurther.(氫動力飛行的可能性意味著無化石燃料旅行的更大機(jī)會，而實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步正在迅速發(fā)展。瑞典查爾姆斯理工大學(xué)的一項新研究表明，到2045年，幾乎所有半徑為750英里（1200公里）的航空旅行都可以用氫動力飛機(jī)完成，而且隨著一種新型熱交換器的開發(fā)，這一范圍可能會更遠(yuǎn))”可知，氫動力飛行的可能性意味著無化石燃料旅行的更多機(jī)會，即氫動力飛行的發(fā)展能大大減少對化石燃料的需求，由此可推知，氫動力飛行的發(fā)展會大大降低空氣污染。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifeverythingfallsintoplace,themercializationofhydrogenflightcangoreallyfastnow.Asearlyas2028,thefirstmercialhydrogenflightsinSwedencouldbeintheair(如果一切順利，氫能飛行的商業(yè)化將會非常迅速。最早在2028年，瑞典的第一批商業(yè)氫飛機(jī)可能會在空中飛行)”可知，Tomas對氫動力飛行的未來的態(tài)度是樂觀的。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Byrecoveringheatfromthehotexhaustsofthejetengines,andbycoolingtheenginesinstrategiclocationstheybeemoreefficient.Totransfertheheatbetweenthesupercoolhydrogenandtheengine,noveltypesofheatexchangersareneeded.(通過從噴氣發(fā)動機(jī)的熱廢氣中回收熱量，并在戰(zhàn)略位置冷卻發(fā)動機(jī)，它們變得更有效率。為了在過冷氫氣和發(fā)動機(jī)之間傳遞熱量，需要新型的熱交換器)”以及第五段“Tomeetthischallenge,researchersatChalmershavebeenworkingforseveralyearstodevelopapletelynewtypeofheatexchangers.(為了應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)，查爾默斯大學(xué)的研究人員已經(jīng)花了幾年的時間來開發(fā)一種全新的熱交換器)”可推知，新的交換器可以提高發(fā)動機(jī)的效率。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thepossibilityofhydrogenpoweredflightmeansgreateropportunitiesforfossilfreetravel,andthetechnologicaladvancestomakethishappenaremovingfast.(氫動力飛行的可能性意味著無化石燃料旅行的更大機(jī)會，而實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步正在迅速發(fā)展)”結(jié)合文章介紹了氫動力飛行的可能性以及相關(guān)的技術(shù)進(jìn)展，特別是熱交換器在其中的關(guān)鍵作用。D選項“氫動力飛行：新進(jìn)展助力起飛”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyou’reshywithsocialanxietyherearesomewaysforyoutomakefriends.____16____Whenyouhavesocialanxiety,youmaysecondguessthethingsyousayorassumeeveryoneisjudgingyou.Tomanageyouranxietyandstartmakingfriends,trytoputthosenegativethoughtstorest.Swapoutthemwithpositivethoughtssothatyoucangetbacktotheconversationathandandreallymakeaconnection.Faceyourfearsonestepatime.It’sokayifyou’renotreadytogotoamassivepartybyyourselfrightoffthebat.Instead,trymakingsmallbutmeaningfulstepsforward,suchasidentifyingsomegoalsyou’dliketohit.____17____Gradually,you’llnoticethatthemoreyoufaceyourfears,themorefortableyou’llbetalkingwithnewpeople.Acceptanysocialinvitationthatesyourway.____18____Itmaybetoughatfirst,butmakingfriendsinvolvestakingsomerisksandsteppingoutofyourfortzone.Ifsomeoneinvitesyoutohangoutorgotoaneventandyou’reatallinterestedinbeingtheirfriend,seizetheopportunityandjointhem!Initiateplansandaskpeopletohangout.Showpeoplethatyouwanttogettoknowthembetter.Whilethismightseemchallenging,rememberthatpartofmakingconnectionswithothersinvolvestakingtheinitiativetomakeplansyourself.Youneverknow,yournewneighbors,coworkers,andclassmatesmayalsobeshyoranxious.____19____Trytokeepanopenmindaboutnewpeoplewhenfirstmakingfriends.Youmightthinkyoudon’thaveanythinginmonwithsomeone,buttheymaysurpriseyouonceyougettoknowthem.Ifyou’renotfeelingitoryoustarttogetsuperanxiousduringthehangout,don’tbetoohardonyourself.____20____Anddon’tforgettocongratulateyourselfformakingprogressandkeeptrying!A.Trytospendtimewithpeopleevenifitmakesyounervous.B.Replaceyournegativethoughtswithpositiveones.C.Beawareoftheharmfuleffectofnegativethoughts.D.Then,youcanpushyourselftoachievethemeachday.E.They’llbehappytohearthatyouwanttospendtimewiththem.F.Beingshydoespreventyoufromtakingopportunitiestomakefriends.G.It’sokaytopolitelyexcuseyourselfandthankthemfortheirpany.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些針對社交焦慮的交友方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Whenyouhavesocialanxiety,youmaysecondguessthethingsyousayorassumeeveryoneisjudgingyou.Tomanageyouranxietyandstartmakingfriends,trytoputthosenegativethoughtstorest.Swapoutthemwithpositivethoughtssothatyoucangetbacktotheconversationathandandreallymakeaconnection.(當(dāng)你有社交焦慮時，你可能會猜測你說話，或者認(rèn)為每個人都在評判你。為了控制你的焦慮，開始交朋友，試著把那些消極的想法放下。把它們換成積極的想法，這樣你就可以回到手頭的談話中，真正建立聯(lián)系)”可知，本段的主旨是把消極的想法放下，換成積極的想法，即，用積極的想法取代消極的想法。故B選項“用積極的想法取代消極的想法”符合語境，故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’sokayifyou’renotreadytogotoamassivepartybyyourselfrightoffthebat.Instead,trymakingsmallbutmeaningfulstepsforward,suchasidentifyingsomegoalsyou’dliketohit.(如果你還沒有準(zhǔn)備好馬上一個人去參加大型派對，也沒關(guān)系。相反，試著向前邁出一小步但有意義的一步，比如確定一些你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo))”可知，上文提到了試著向前邁出一小步但有意義的一步，確定一些想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，推測本句是在說明接下來該怎么去實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)，D選項中them指代上文somegoals。故D選項“然后，你可以每天督促自己去實(shí)現(xiàn)它們”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Acceptanysocialinvitationthatesyourway.(接受任何社交邀請)”以及后文“Itmaybetoughatfirst,butmakingfriendsinvolvestakingsomerisksandsteppingoutofyourfortzone.Ifsomeoneinvitesyoutohangoutorgotoaneventandyou’reatallinterestedinbeingtheirfriend,seizetheopportunityandjointhem!(一開始可能很難，但交朋友需要冒一些風(fēng)險，走出你的舒適區(qū)。如果有人邀請你出去玩或參加活動，而你對成為他們的朋友很感興趣，抓住機(jī)會加入他們！)”可知，本段的主旨是接受社交邀請，本句應(yīng)表達(dá)與人交往的內(nèi)容，故A選項“試著花時間和別人在一起，即使這會讓你感到緊張”符合語境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Showpeoplethatyouwanttogettoknowthembetter.Whilethismightseemchallenging,rememberthatpartofmakingconnectionswithothersinvolvestakingtheinitiativetomakeplansyourself.Youneverknow,yournewneighbors,coworkers,andclassmatesmayalsobeshyoranxious.(讓別人知道你想更好地了解他們。雖然這看起來很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但記住，與他人建立聯(lián)系的一部分包括主動制定自己的計劃。你永遠(yuǎn)不知道，你的新鄰居、同事和同學(xué)可能也會害羞或焦慮)”可知，上文提到了新的鄰居、同事和同學(xué)也害羞，本句為本段最后一句，故表達(dá)別人會因?yàn)槟阒鲃酉胍〞r間與他們相處而感到高興，E選項中They對應(yīng)上文newneighbors,coworkers,andclassmates。故E選項“他們會很高興聽到你想花時間和他們在一起”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’renotfeelingitoryoustarttogetsuperanxiousduringthehangout,don’tbetoohardonyourself.(如果你沒有這種感覺，或者在聚會期間開始變得超級焦慮，不要對自己太苛刻)”可知，上文提到感到超級焦慮，不要對自己太苛刻，可知接下來應(yīng)表達(dá)不需要勉強(qiáng)之類的內(nèi)容，故G選項“禮貌地為自己辯解并感謝他們的陪伴是可以的”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MasonBranstratorhadalwaysbeenanathlete,butthreeyearsago,hisactivelifestylechanged.“Iwasgoingfordownhillskiingasusual,butthistime,itwasdifferent,”Mason,anexperiencedskierwho____21____theslopes(斜坡)inhishometown,said.“‘I’mgoingalittlefast.’AndthatwasthelastthingIremember.”Thataccident____22____lefthimparalyzed(癱瘓的)fromthewaistdown.Asarunnerandskier,hecouldn’t____23____thefact.Luckily,Mason’sparentsencouragedhimtofocusonthegood.Heaccepteditandbecame____24____.Aboutayearaftertheaccident,he____25____thatwalkingwasn’tavery____26____thingforhimtokeeppursuingandthatitwastimetolookatwhatelsethe____27____worldhadtooffer.Thenhebegan____28____inawheelchair,preparingformarathonsandplayingtennisonthechair.Lastmonth,hereturnedtohishometownto____29____inGrandma’sMarathon,anannualracefornearly50yearsinDuluth,Minnesota,______30______2:03:52.Aftertherace,Masonbegansharinghis______31______onsocialmediatoconnectwithotherswithphysicaldisabilities.Hesharedthingsthatwere______32______tohimayearbefore,likehowhegotinandoutofbed.Butnowhecandothembetter.Hehasseenhowsharingthesenormal______33______hasmovedcountlesspeople.Morepeoplecaughtontohisstory,andevenpeoplewhoweren’tparalyzedstartedbeing______34______.“Thereweremomentswhenpeoplelikemesaid,‘Iusedyourmethodsanditchangedmylifeandmyperceptionofthisnew______35______.’IrealizedmydreamofhelpingpeoplehasetrueandI’mlivingitoutrightnow,”Masonsaid.21.A.built B.frequented C.smoothed D.repaired22.A.formally B.unnecessarily C.eventually D.temporarily23.A.payattentionto B.makeuseof C.makeupfor D.faceupto24.A.responsible B.optimistic C.patient D.honest25.A.realized B.hoped C.imagined D.recalled26.A.interesting B.worthwhile C.useful D.practical27.A.art B.wheelchair C.fashion D.youth28.A.resting B.fighting C.training D.teaching29.A.pete B.work C.volunteer D.study30.A.counting B.clocking C.running D.ending31.A.journey B.family C.plan D.hobby32.A.correct B.strange C.difficult D.ordinary33.A.designs B.dreams C.requirements D.acti