浙江省衢溫51聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中英語試題

絕密★考試結(jié)束前2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期衢溫“5+1”聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考高一年級英語學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthefootball?A.Inthegym.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthegarage.2.Howwillthespeakersgotothecinema?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.3.Whereisthepencilcasenow?A.Inthemainoffice.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intherestaurant.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingadvice.B.Askingforhelp.C.Expressinghisthanks.5.Whycan’tthemanhelp?A.He’sgoingskiing.B.Hehasanoldinjury.C.Heisn’tstrongenough.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6、7題。6.Whichsportdoesthegirlplay?A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Baseball.7.Wheredoesthefootballteamnormallypractice?A.Onthesouthfield.B.Ontheeastfield.C.Onthewestfield.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。8.Howwillthegirlleaveschool?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.9.Whichtopicdidthegirlalreadywriteabout?A.Pirates.B.WorldWarI.C.Rome.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Classmates.C.Familymembers.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。11.Wheredidthewomangoonabusinesstrip?A.ToNewYork.B.ToChicago.C.ToBoston.12.HowlonghasthemanlivedhereinBoston?A.For2years.B.For10years.C.For12years.13.Whatistheman?A.Anengineer.B.Agardener.C.Abusinessman.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。14.Whatkindofbookshasthemanbeenreadingrecently?A.icbooks.B.Shortstories.C.Travelguides.15.Howoftendoesthewomangotothelibrary?A.Onceaday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.16.Howmanybooksdoesthemanusuallyreadinamonth?A.Three.B.Six.C.Eight.17.Whatsubjectisthewomanmostinterestedin?A.Biology.B.Chemistry.C.Physics聽下面一段對話，回答第18至20題。18.Wherewillthelistenershavetheclassfromnowon?A.OntheInternet.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheplayground.19.Howlongwillthelistenershaveforeachtest?A.Threeminutes.B.Twentyminutes.C.Thirtyminutes.20.Whichsectionwillthelistenersaskquestionsin?A.Discussion.B.NotesC.Tests.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAJokeandBalloonIn2001,ayounggirlcalledLauraBuxtonreleasedaballoonfromherbedroomwindowinStaffordshire,England.AttachedtotheballoonwereajokeandLaura’semailaddress.“Atthetime,Ithoughtitwasfunny,”saidtenyearoldLaura.Amazingly,sixweekslater,LaurareceivedanemailfromanothertenyearoldgirlwholivedinthetownofButon,about200kilometersaway.Intheemail,theyounggirlexplainedhowshehadfoundtheballoonandsheenjoyedthejoke.Incredibly,thelittlegirl’snamewasalsoLauraBuxton.AWalkingBookDuringatouroftheUS,theBritishactorSirAnthonyHopkinslostoneofhisfavoritenovels,acopyofTheGirlfromPetrovkabyGeorgeFeifer.Insidethebookwasadedication(獻(xiàn)詞)fromhismother.Hesearchedeverywhereforit,butthebookhaddisappeared.However,threeyearslater,HopkinswasontheLondonUndergroundwhenhenoticedacopyofthebookontheseatnexttohim.Onopeningthefirstpage,hesawhismother’sfamiliarhandwriting.SupermarketSurprise66yearoldJohnFoundergenofLiverpoolhadbeentryingtotracehisbrotherfordecades.Manyyearsbefore,therehadbeenafamilyargumentandthetwobrothershadn’tseenoneanothersince.However,oneday,Johnmetawomaninasupermarketwhosaid,“Hey,youknow,youlookjustlikemyhusband.”Youcanguesstherest.DelayedGratitudeIn1965RogerAkua,agedfour,wassavedfromdrowningbyawomancalledAliceBlaise.Nineyearslater,Rogersawamandrowningonthesamebeach.Rogerdivedinandsavedtheman.RogerlaterfoundoutthatthemanwasAliceBlaise’shusband.1.WhydidLauraBuxtonreleaseaballoon?A.Totellastory. B.Toaskforhelp.C.Tohavesomefun. D.Toconveyherkindness.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookHopkinsfoundontheLondonUnderground?A.ItiswrittenbyaBritishactor. B.Hopkinsfounditwrittenbyhismother.C.ApassengergaveittoHopkins. D.ThehandwritingofHopkins’mothercanbefoundinit.3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Strangestories. B.Movingstories. C.Adventurousstories. D.Fairystories.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了四個有趣的令人吃驚的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““Atthetime,Ithoughtitwasfunny,”saidtenyearoldLaura.(“當(dāng)時，我覺得這很有趣，”10歲的勞拉說)”可知，勞拉·巴克斯頓放了一個氣球是為了找樂子。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onopeningthefirstpage,hesawhismother’sfamiliarhandwriting.(打開第一頁，他看到了母親熟悉的筆跡)”可知，關(guān)于霍普金斯在倫敦地鐵上發(fā)現(xiàn)的那本書，霍普金斯母親的筆跡可以在上面找到。故選D。【3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Amazingly,sixweekslater,LaurareceivedanemailfromanothertenyearoldgirlwholivedinthetownofButon,about200kilometersaway.(令人驚訝的是，六周后，勞拉收到了一封來自另一個住在200公里外的布頓鎮(zhèn)的10歲女孩的電子郵件)”，第四段的“However,threeyearslater,HopkinswasontheLondonUndergroundwhenhenoticedacopyofthebookontheseatnexttohim.Onopeningthefirstpage,hesawhismother’sfamiliarhandwriting.(然而，三年后，霍普金斯在倫敦地鐵上注意到他旁邊的座位上有一本這本書。打開第一頁，他看到了母親熟悉的筆跡)”，第三段內(nèi)容和最后一段內(nèi)容“In1965RogerAkua,agedfour,wassavedfromdrowningbyawomancalledAliceBlaise.Nineyearslater,Rogersawamandrowningonthesamebeach.Rogerdivedinandsavedtheman.RogerlaterfoundoutthatthemanwasAliceBlaise’shusband.(1965年，四歲的羅杰·阿庫亞被一位名叫愛麗絲·布萊斯的婦女從溺水中救了出來。九年后，羅杰看到一個人在同一片海灘上溺水。羅杰跳入水中，救了那個人。羅杰后來發(fā)現(xiàn)那個人是愛麗絲·布萊斯的丈夫)”可知，文章講述了四個奇妙的故事，故選A。BI’mapproachingtheKnightStreetBridgeasItrytogethomeafterwork.It’s5:15pm.Trafficisslowingdownandthenitestoafullstop.I’mstuckevenbeforegettingonthebridge.Thishasbeemynormalworkmute(上下班往返)routine.Aheadofmeisaheavilyjammedonramp(匝道).Istareattheendlessrowsofvehicles,depressed.Secondspass.Minutespass.Lookingattherowsofcarsandtrucks,Istartcounting—299,300,301—andIgiveup.SuddenlyIrememberI’moneofthe300helplessdrivers.Whenthecarsdomove,Imovecarefully,makingsurenottoknockintoothervehicles.Finally,Imakeitontothebridge.Thetrafficisstillcrawlingatasnail’space.Tiredandhungry,Ibeeveryanxious.Justthen,Ihearafaintsoundinthedistance.Thesoundgraduallybeeslouder,untilIcanidentifyitasanemergencyvehicleapproachingfrombehind.Whatdowedo?Thebridgeispacked.There’snoroomforustomove.ButI’mwrong.Everysinglecarquickly,yetcarefully,movestotheside.Withoutthinking,Ifollowsuit.Thelaneremainsopenforafewsecondsduringwhichtheambulanceflashesthrough.Afterward,everycarmovesbackintoformation(隊形).Wecloseuptheemergencylane,continuingourpatientwait.Backinmyspot,I’mawestruck.Myexhaustionandanxietyaregone.Istartreflectinguponwhat300fellowdriversandIjustdid.Despiteourexhaustion,wealldecidedtohelpthestrangerwhoneededthetimemoredesperatelythanwedid.Wedrewonourpassion(同情心)andintelligence,requiringnoorders.AlthoughImayseemalonestuckonthebridge,I’mconnectedtoalltheotherdrivers.Togetherwecouldmaketheimpossiblepossible.4.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenseeingtheonramp?A.Calm. B.Shocked. C.Delighted. D.Discouraged.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkwhenknowinganambulanceisapproaching?A.Alldriverswillbewillingtomove. B.Itwillbehardforittopassthrough.C.Someoneshoulddirectthetraffic. D.Whoeverisinsideneedsimmediatehelp.6.Whatdoestheword“awestruck”underlinedinparagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Deeplydoubtful. B.Extremelyconfused.C.Feelingconfident. D.Filledwithamazement.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkmadethemiraclehappen?A.People’skindness. B.Thedrivers’positiveattitude.C.Instructionsfromastranger. D.Thedrivers’gooddrivingskills.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者下班回家堵在擁堵的車道上，這時一輛救護(hù)車從后面駛來，人們都自發(fā)讓出車道，讓救護(hù)車順利通過，這一舉動展現(xiàn)了人性的善良?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aheadofmeisaheavilyjammedonramp(匝道).Istareattheendlessrowsofvehicles,depressed.(在我前面是一個擁擠不堪的入口匝道。我沮喪地凝視著一排排無邊的車輛)”可知，當(dāng)看到擁擠不堪的入口匝道時，作者感到沮喪。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thesoundgraduallybeeslouder,untilIcanidentifyitasanemergencyvehicleapproachingfrombehind.Whatdowedo?Thebridgeispacked.There’snoroomforustomove.(聲音逐漸變大，直到我能認(rèn)出是一輛從后面駛來的急救車。我們該怎么辦？橋上擠滿了人。我們沒有移動的空間)”可知，作者認(rèn)為橋上擠滿了車，沒有移動的空間讓救護(hù)車通過，由此可知，當(dāng)知道救護(hù)車即將到來時，作者認(rèn)為它將很難通過。故選B項。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thebridgeispacked.There’snoroomforustomove.(橋上擠滿了人。我們沒有移動的空間)”，第五段“ButI’mwrong.Everysinglecarquickly,yetcarefully,movestotheside.Withoutthinking,Ifollowsuit.Thelaneremainsopenforafewsecondsduringwhichtheambulanceflashesthrough.(但我錯了。每輛車都迅速而小心地移到一邊。我不假思索地照做了。車道保持開放幾秒鐘，在此期間救護(hù)車快速通過)”和第六段中“Afterward,everycarmovesbackintoformation(隊形).Wecloseuptheemergencylane,continuingourpatientwait.Backinmyspot,I’mawestruck.(之后，每輛車都回到隊形。我們關(guān)閉了急救通道，繼續(xù)等待病人。回到我的位置，我awestruck)”可知，當(dāng)知道救護(hù)車即將到來時，作者認(rèn)為它將很難通過，但令作者驚訝的是，橋上的車輛全部自發(fā)的讓出車道，讓救護(hù)車順利通過，由此可知，這種善良的舉動讓作者感到驚奇，“Filledwithamazement”意為“充滿驚奇”，能夠表達(dá)劃線單詞在句中所要表達(dá)的意思。故選D項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Despiteourexhaustion,wealldecidedtohelpthestrangerwhoneededthetimemoredesperatelythanwedid.Wedrewonourpassion(同情心)andintelligence,requiringnoorders.(盡管我們筋疲力盡，但我們都決定幫助比我們更迫切需要時間的陌生人。我們利用我們的同情心和智慧，不需要任何命令)”可知，我們發(fā)揮我們的同情心，展現(xiàn)了人性的善良，在無任何指令的情況下，幫助了比我們更迫切需要時間的陌生人，由此推知，作者認(rèn)為是人們的善良促成了奇跡的發(fā)生。故選A項。CForanyastronauthopingtosurviveonthesurfaceofthemoon,growingcropswillbeessential.Now,scientistshavetaken“onesmallstep”towardsgrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,aftershowingit’spossibletogrowthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,inlunarsoil.Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.“Forfuture,longerspacemissions,wemayusethemoonasalaunchingplatform,”explainedProfessorRobFerl.“Itmakessensethatwewouldwanttousethesoilthat’salreadytheretogrowplants.”Untilnow,scientistshavenotgrownplantsinthesoil.“So,whathappenswhenyougrowplantsinlunarsoil?Whatwouldplantsdoinalunargreenhouse?Couldwehavelunarfarmers?”ProfessorFerlquestioned.Toanswerthesequestions,researchersfromFloridasetouttoplantthalecressseedsinlunarsoil,addwater,nutrients,andlight,andseewhathappened.Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.Forparison,theresearchersalsoplantedseedsinarangeofsoils,includingthosethatsimulateMartiansoils.Totheirdelight,theresearchersfoundthatnearlyalloftheseedsgrew.However,theydidobservedifferencesbetweentheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilandthosegrowninthecontrolsoils.Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.Growingplantsinlunarsoilsmayalsochangethemoonitself,accordingtoDr.StephenElardo.“Themoonisavery,verydryplace”,hesaid.Howwillmineralsinthelunarsoilrespondtohavingaplantgrowninthem,withtheaddedwaterandnutrients?Willaddingwatermakethemineralsfriendliertoplants?Theresearchershopetoanswerthesequestionsinfollowupstudies.8.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofthefindings.BTheplantsgrowninthelunarsoil.C.Themissionsoffuturespaceexploration.D.Thehopeforsettingupalunarsettlement.9.Whydidresearchersusethalecressintheexperiment?A.Itsgenesaresuitableforlunarsoil.B.Ithasalongevolutionaryhistory.C.Ithasbeentestedwithlunarsoilbefore.D.Peoplehaveagoodknowledgeofitsgenes.10.Whatdidresearchersfindabouttheplantsgrowninlunarsoi1?A.Theyabsorbedfewnutrients.B.Theydidn’tgrowwellenough.C.Theygrewslowlyinthedark.D.Theyneededmorewatertogrowbigger.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsGrowPlantsinLunarSoilB.ScientistsConductaStudyonLunarSoilC.ScientistsPrepareforFarmingontheMoonD.ScientistsHopetoCollectMoreLunarSoil【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家在月球土壤中種植植物的研究過程?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使人們希望，在未來的太空任務(wù)中，植物可以在月球上生長，甚至使人類能夠在月球上建立定居點。)”可知，本段主要介紹這項研究結(jié)果的意義。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.(研究人員選擇使用水芹，因為它的基因密碼已經(jīng)被完全繪制出來。)”可知，研究人員之所以選擇水芹，是因為人們對它的基因很了解。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.(在月球土壤中生長的一些植物較小，而另一些植物生長得更慢或大小變化更大。)”可知，研究人員對月球土壤中生長的植物發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們長得不夠好。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Now,scientistshavetaken“onesmallstep”towardsgrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,aftershowingit’spossibletogrowthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,inlunarsoil.(現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)朝著在月球表面種植植物邁出了“一小步”，因為他們證明了在月球土壤中種植小水芹可能性。)”可知，縱觀全文，本文主要講述了科學(xué)家在月球土壤中種植水芹的研究過程。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“科學(xué)家在月球土壤中種植植物”。故選A項。DArtificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelongheldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAlalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatestinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafiveyeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofiningearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(轟隆隆)intheEarth.ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAIdrivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearthquakesing,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy(精確度),that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpdecreaseeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Finally,theauthorshopetobinethesystemwithphysicsbasedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking.“Thatmaybealongwaytogo,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward.”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.12.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquakepredictingtechnology?A.Reliablebutoutdated. B.Effectivebutcostly.C.Potentialandeconomical. D.Groundbreakingandpromising.13.HowdoestheAIforecastearthquakes?A.Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.B.ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C.Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D.BymonitoringchangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.14.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D.ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.15.Whatdoesthefollowingresearchfocuson?A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D.Enlargingthedatabasetotraintheaccuracy.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能（AI）在地震預(yù)測領(lǐng)域的新進(jìn)展，通過詳細(xì)解釋AI算法的工作原理、訓(xùn)練過程以及其在地震預(yù)測中的準(zhǔn)確性和潛在應(yīng)用，向讀者普及了相關(guān)的科學(xué)知識?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelongheldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAlalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatestinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.(人工智能(AI)在地震預(yù)測方面顯示出希望，挑戰(zhàn)了人們長期以來認(rèn)為地震預(yù)測是不可能的信念。德克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的研究人員開發(fā)了一種人工智能算法(算法)，在中國進(jìn)行的一次測試中，該算法提前一周正確預(yù)測了70%的地震，并為預(yù)測的地震提供了準(zhǔn)確的強度計算)”可知，地震預(yù)測技術(shù)有發(fā)展前景；再根據(jù)文章第三段“ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAIdrivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearthquakesing,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy(精確度),that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpdecreaseeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”(這項工作顯然是人工智能驅(qū)動的地震預(yù)測研究的一個里程碑。“你看不到地震的到來，”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)德克薩斯地震網(wǎng)項目(TexNet)的高級研究科學(xué)家AlexandrosSavvaidis解釋說。“這只是幾毫秒的問題，你唯一能控制的就是你準(zhǔn)備得如何。即使準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到70%，這也是一個巨大的成果，可以幫助減少經(jīng)濟和人員損失，并有可能顯著改善全球的地震準(zhǔn)備工作?！?”可知，這種地震預(yù)測技術(shù)是一個里程碑的進(jìn)展，并且能夠顯著減少經(jīng)濟和人員傷亡的損失，具有巨大的潛力來改進(jìn)全球的地震準(zhǔn)備。由此推知，這種技術(shù)可以被認(rèn)為是具有突破性和前景的。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafiveyeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofiningearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(轟隆隆)intheEarth.(根據(jù)團隊對地震物理學(xué)的了解，為人工智能提供了一組統(tǒng)計特征，然后指示它使用五年的地震記錄數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行自我訓(xùn)練。經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后，人工智能通過在地球的背景隆隆聲中收聽即將發(fā)生地震的跡象來進(jìn)行預(yù)測)”可知，人工智能經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后通過在地球的背景隆隆聲中收聽即將發(fā)生地震的跡象來進(jìn)行預(yù)測。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAIdrivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearthquakesing,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy(精確度),that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpdecreaseeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”(這項工作顯然是人工智能驅(qū)動的地震預(yù)測研究的一個里程碑?！澳憧床坏降卣鸬牡絹?，”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)德克薩斯地震網(wǎng)項目(TexNet)的高級研究科學(xué)家AlexandrosSavvaidis解釋說?！斑@只是幾毫秒的問題，你唯一能控制的就是你準(zhǔn)備得如何。即使準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到70%，這也是一個巨大的成果，可以幫助減少經(jīng)濟和人員損失，并有可能顯著改善全球的地震準(zhǔn)備工作?！?”可知，AlexandrosSavvaidis在第三段中解釋了地震預(yù)測的重要性，并強調(diào)了AI預(yù)測系統(tǒng)的70%準(zhǔn)確率是一個巨大的結(jié)果，可以幫助減少經(jīng)濟和人員損失，并有可能顯著改善全球的地震準(zhǔn)備。由此推知，AlexandrosSavvaidis意在展示開發(fā)人工智能預(yù)測系統(tǒng)的重要性。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.(雖然尚不清楚同樣的方法是否會在其他地方起作用，但研究人員相信，如果在擁有可靠地震跟蹤網(wǎng)絡(luò)的地區(qū)使用，他們的人工智能算法可以產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測。下一步是在德克薩斯州測試人工智能，因為德克薩斯大學(xué)的德克薩斯網(wǎng)絡(luò)局(BureauTexNet)有300個地震觀測站，有超過6年的連續(xù)記錄，使其成為進(jìn)行這些研究的理想地點)”可知，這表明他們計劃在不同地點進(jìn)行測試以驗證該方法的適用性。由此推知，該研究的重點是在不同地點進(jìn)行測試。故選A。第二節(jié)七選五(共5個小題;每題2.5分，共12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Summerisn’tsummerwithoutthebeach.FormillionsofAmericans,hittingthesandisatimetocatchwaves,enjoythesunshine,buildsandcastles,havepicnics,spotwildlifeandgoexploring.____16____.Herearesometipsonhowtobeabetterbeachgoer,ensuringyourfavoritestripofsandremainslively.Plasticisn’tfantastic.Oneofthebiggestcontributorstobeachlitterissingleuseplastic,suchaschipbags,candywrappersandjuiceboxes.____17____.Putmealsinlunchbagsorboxes,andbringdrinksinwaterbottlesorthermoses.____18____.Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchtimeandeffortyouspentbuildingasandcastleordiggingthegiantmoat(壕溝)aroundit.Ifyouareonabeachmarkedasaseaturtlehabitat,fillinthemoatandknockdownthestructure.Otherwise,theycandieiftheyfallintoaholeandgettrapped.Respecttheanimals.Thebeachisn’tapettingzoo.Peoplewholovethecreaturesoftheoceanhaveadesiretogainamazingexperienceswiththemandhaveaconnectiontothem,butdon’ttouchthem.____19____.Readthesigns.Signspostedatthebeacharen’toptionalreading:theyaretheretoalertyoutowhereyoucan’tgo,whatyoucan’tdo,andwhatyoucan’ttake,sodon’tmesswiththelocalecosystemoritsinhabitants.Alltheactionsabovemayseemlikelittlegestures,buttheywillserveasaninspirationtofellowbeachgoers.____20____.A.Destroywhatyoubuild.B.Keepoffaturtlehabitat.C.Plastictoysbreakeasily,leavingbehindchipsandpieces.D.Worktogether,andindividualscanreallymakeabigdifference.E.Buyfoodanddrinksinbulkandputtheminreusablepackaginginstead.F.However,allthatfunplacesstressonthecoastalenvironmentandtheanimalsthatinhabitit.G.Forexample,ifyoutakeastarfishoutofthewater,evenfor10seconds,itcouldchokeanddie.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何成為更好的海灘游客提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Summerisn’tsummerwithoutthebeach.FormillionsofAmericans,hittingthesandisatimetocatchwaves,enjoythesunshine,buildsandcastles,havepicnics,spotwildlifeandgoexploring.(沒有海灘的夏天就不是夏天。對數(shù)以百萬計的美國人來說，去沙灘是捕捉海浪、享受陽光、建造沙堡、野餐、觀察野生動物和探索的時候)”以及后文“Herearesometipsonhowtobeabetterbeachgoer,ensuringyourfavoritestripofsandremainslively.(這里有一些建議，教你如何成為一個更好的海灘游客，確保你最喜歡的沙灘保持活力)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出游客帶來了負(fù)面影響。故F選項“然而，所有這些樂趣給沿海環(huán)境和棲息在那里的動物帶來了壓力”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Oneofthebiggestcontributorstobeachlitterissingleuseplastic,suchaschipbags,candywrappersandjuiceboxes.(海灘垃圾的最大貢獻(xiàn)者之一是一次性塑料，如薯片袋、糖果包裝和果汁盒)”以及后文“Putmealsinlunchbagsorboxes,andbringdrinksinwaterbottlesorthermoses.(把食物放在午餐袋或飯盒里，用水瓶或保溫瓶帶飲料)”可知，本句主要針對如何進(jìn)行環(huán)保提出建議。故E選項“購買散裝食品和飲料，并將其放在可重復(fù)使用的包裝中”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchtimeandeffortyouspentbuildingasandcastleordiggingthegiantmoat(壕溝)aroundit.Ifyouareonabeachmarkedasaseaturtlehabitat,fillinthemoatandknockdownthestructure.Otherwise,theycandieiftheyfallintoaholeandgettrapped.(不管你花多少時間和精力建造一座沙堡或在它周圍挖一條巨大的護(hù)城河。如果你在標(biāo)記為海龜棲息地的海灘上，填平護(hù)城河并拆除結(jié)構(gòu)。否則，如果掉進(jìn)洞里被困住，它們就會死去)”可知，本段的建議是拆除在海灘上建造的東西。故A選項“毀掉你所建立的”符合語境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thebeachisn’tapettingzoo.Peoplewholovethecreaturesoftheoceanhaveadesiretogainamazingexperienceswiththemandhaveaconnectiontothem,butdon’ttouchthem.(海灘不是寵物動物園。熱愛海洋生物的人渴望獲得與它們的奇妙體驗，并與它們建立聯(lián)系，但不要觸摸它們)”可知，本句針對上文不要接觸動物進(jìn)行舉例說明。故G選項“例如，如果你把海星從水里拿出來，即使只有10秒鐘，它也可能會窒息而死”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Alltheactionsabovemayseemlikelittlegestures,buttheywillserveasaninspirationtofellowbeachgoers.(以上所有的行為看起來都是小小的姿態(tài)，但它們將成為其他海灘游客的靈感)”可知，本句總結(jié)上文，指出個人行動也可以產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。故D選項“齊心協(xié)力，個人真的可以發(fā)揮很大的作用”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共15題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Peoplewilldoallsortsofcrazythingsfortheirlovedones,and72yearoldRaynorisacaseinpoint.TheAmericanelderhasbeendevotingalotofhistimetohis____21____job,abeautyblogger,forwhichhe____22____allsortsofbeautyproducts,fromcreamstolipsticksforfansalloverthecountry.It’snotexactlytypical____23____foramanofhisage,buthisisnota____24____story.Sixyearsago,Raynor’sgrandsonJasonwasdiagnosed(診斷)witharareandcrueldisease–spinalmuscularatrophy(脊髓性肌萎縮).Theboywasonlyfiveatthetime,anddoctors____25____thatheonlyhadabout18monthstolive.Butfarbeyondtheir____26____,hehasbeenbattlinghisconditioneversince.Butithasn’tbeena(n)____27____battle.TheonlydrugusedtotreatJason’sconditioncouldonlybe____28____fromtheUKandcostaround$100,000.Strong____29____tosavehislifedrovehisfamilytoselltheirhouseandborrowasmuchmoneyastheycould,butitstillwasn’tenough.SoRaynorstartedlookingforalternativewaystoearnsomemoneyand_____30_____livestreaming._____31_____,heknewnothingaboutbeautyproducts,buthewasn’tafraidor_____32_____tolearn.Hewenttocosmetics(化妝品)shopsandkindlyaskedthestafftoteachhimabouttheproductsandhowtousethem.SoonRaynor’sonline_____33_____startedgrowing,andthefinancialburdenonthefamilyhaseasedconsiderably._____34_____somenegativementsonline,the72yearoldpensionercontinuestoworkasabeautyblogger,testingproductsonhimselfand_____35_____themtohisfollowers.21.A.unusual B.normal C.important D.routine22.A.produces B.orders C.applies D.designs23.A.quality B.solution C.behavior D.belief24.A.touching B.typical C.special D.similar25A.doubted B.approved C.promised D.predicted26.A.expectations B.explanations C.imagination D.inspiration27.A.hard B.easy C.successful D.beneficial28.A.examined B.transported C.imported D.exported29.A.decision B.chance C.trust D.desire30.A.tookoff B.tookup C.tookin D.tookaway31.A.Suddenly B.Obviously C.Gradually D.Usually32.A.delighted B.surprised C.embarrassed D.anxious33.A.popularity B.knowledge C.understanding D.curiosity34.A.Despite B.Becauseof C.Without D.Insteadof35.A.sending B.providing C.donating D.promoting【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.B32.C33.A34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述72歲的Raynor為了治療孫子的罕見疾病，而轉(zhuǎn)行成為美容博主并學(xué)習(xí)使用各種美容產(chǎn)品，在直播中推廣這些產(chǎn)品來籌集資金的故事，展現(xiàn)了Raynor對家庭的深愛和責(zé)任感。同時，也體現(xiàn)了人們在面對困境時，可能會選擇非傳統(tǒng)甚至看似瘋狂的方式來尋求幫助和解決問題的主題?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位美國老人一直將大量時間投入到他不同尋常的工作——美容博主上，他使用各種美容產(chǎn)品，從面霜到口紅，為全國的粉絲服務(wù)。A.unusual不同尋常的；B.normal正常的；C.important重要的；D.routine常規(guī)的。根據(jù)下文“It’snotexactlytypical____3____foramanofhisage,buthisisnota____4____story.”可知，空處指的是這份工作對他這位老人而言是不同尋常的。故選A。22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位美國老人一直將大量時間投入到他不同尋常的工作——美容博主上，他使用各種美容產(chǎn)品，從面霜到口紅，為全國的粉絲服務(wù)。A.produces制造；B.orders命令；C.applies申請、運用；D.designs設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“Hewenttocosmetics(化妝品)shopsandkindlyaskedthestafftoteachhimabouttheproductsand