2024屆廣東省梅州市高三下學(xué)期高考英語(yǔ)試題（二模）

2024屆廣東省梅州市高三下學(xué)期高考英語(yǔ)試題（二模）本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上填涂考生號(hào)。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，試卷從第二部分開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始2．作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑：如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新答案：不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4．考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFreeCommunitySwapContact:CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603JonKlar,(646)530-0381NewYorkerslookingtoreduce,reuse,andsavemoneythisyearareinvitedtoparticipateinStop‘N’Swap,afreecommunityeventorganizedbylocalnonprofitGrowNYC.TheaverageNYChouseholdthrowsawayabout2,000poundsofwasteayear.ByreusingthrougheventslikeStop’N’Swap,NYCresidentscantakepartinsavingover40millionpoundsofmaterialfromlandfilleveryyear.Takeabreakfromshopping,supportacleanerfuture,andjointheever-growingreusecommunity!WHAT:FreeStop‘N’SwapCommunityReuseEventWHEN:February19th,12pm-3pmWHERE:BronxWorksClassicCommunityCenter—286East156thStreet,Bronx,NY10451Thepublicisinvitedtobringcleanandreusableitems.Nooneisrequiredtobringsomethingtotakesomething—youcansimplyshowupwithabagandseewhat’sfreeforthetaking.Books,toys,clothing,andelectronicsarejustsomeoftheofferings.Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.Anythingleftoverattheendofthedayisdonatedorrecycled.Stop‘N’SwapshavedevelopedaregularfollowingamongenvironmentallyconsciousNewYorkers.Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable—aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.21．WhatshouldyoudotogetmoreinformationfromCatherine?A．Call(646)530-0381. B．Call(718)809-1603.C．. D．Visit286East156thStreet,Bronx.22．WhatitemsareunacceptableattheStop‘N’Swap?A．Dry-as-dustbooks. B．Old-fashionedclothes.C．Out-of-dateelectronics. D．Second-handfurniture.23．WhatistheaimofGrowNYC’sStop‘N’Swaps?A．TomakeNYCabetterplacetolive.B．ToenrichNewYorkers’communitylife.C．ToreducethecostofdealingwithwasteinNYC.D．Toencouragedistrictstocompeteinsustainability.BAtfirstlook,theplaygroundattheChildren’sGuild-TransformationAcademyinBaltimore,Maryland,lookslikeanyother.Ithasswings,slides,andplacesforchildrentoclimbandcrawl.Buttheplaygroundisnotjustaplaceforfun.Itisalsoaplacewherestudentscanlearn,growandgainindependence.Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自閉癥).MarkRapaportisthemanagingdirectorofautismservicesattheTransformationAcademy.Hesaidtheschoolacceptsstudentsaged5to21withautismspectrumdisorder(ASD)andarelowerfunctioning.RapaportsaidthegoalofTransformationAcademyistomakethestudentsasindependentaspossibleinanefforttohelpthemprepareforadultlife.Theschoolaimstoprovidehelpwithdevelopingcommunicationandsocialskills,aswellaspracticalabilitieslikecleaningorcooking.TheplaygrounddesignedbyMarylandcompanyrks@Play,usingstructuresmanufacturedbyLandscapeStructures,Inc.,tookamonthtodevelop,saidDanHack.Heworksforrks@Playandhelpedleadtheplayground’sdesign.Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare“oneofourmostinclusivesensory”elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.24．WhyistheplaygroundinBaltimoredesignedwithspecialmaterials?A．Tomakeitsuperiortootherplaygrounds. B．Tobetterservechildrenwithautism.C．Toimprovethequalityoftheplayground. D．Tomakeiteasierforkidstoclimbandcrawl.25．Whatcanwelearnfromtheplaygroundproject?A．Ittookamonthtocompletetheproject. B．Thedesignprocessissimpleandeasy.C．Theresultoftheprojectisuncertain. D．It’samoney-consumingproject.26．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thescaleandthestructureoftheplayground.B．Waysforkidstofreefromthestressandrelaxthemselves.C．Theunderlyinglogicandreasonablefactorsoftheplayground.D．Theadvantagesoftheplaygroundforautismanddisabledkids.27．WhichbestdescribestheplaygroundinBaltimore?A．Advanced. B．Environmental-friendly. C．Functional. D．Convenient.CNewfindingssuggestthatwhenitcomestolearning,thesnakemaybequiteabitlikehumans.DavidHoltzman,ascientistattheUniversityofRochester,hasfoundthatsnakeshaveamuchgreatercapacityforlearningthanearlierstudieshadindicated.Holtzman’sstudychallenged24snakestoescapefromablackplasticcontainerthesizeofachild’spool.Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.Simplyfallingintoaholeisn’ttheonlyproofthatthesnakesarelearningsomething,though.“Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,”Holtzmansays.“Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.”Studiesdatingbacktothe1950sinterpretedsnakes’awkwardnesswithmazes(迷宮)asapoorreflectionontheirintelligence.“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(場(chǎng)地)——asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes,”saysPeterKareiva,aprofessorofzoology.“Snakesdonotencounteranythinglikemazesinnature,andtheydonotlearnhowtorunmazesinlaboratoryconditions.”Holtzmanalsofoundafewage-baseddifferencesinthesignalsthesnakesuse.Youngsnakesappeartobemoreadaptableandresourceful,usingavarietyofcluestofindtheirwaytotheexit.Buttheireldersseemtorelymuchmoreheavilyonvisualclues.“Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,”saysHoltzman.“Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.”28．Whatisthefunctionofthecardsandtape?A．Todirectthesnakestotheexits. B．Toprotectthesnakesfrombrightlights.C．Tocovertheholesatthecontainer’sbottom. D．Tomakethecontaineracomfortablespottostay.29．Whatdothedatainparagraph3showaboutthesnakesaccordingtoHoltzman?A．Theyareskillfulescapers. B．Theyaregoodlearners.C．Theycommunicatewitheachother. D．Theyadapttoenvironmentsquickly.30．Whatwastheproblemwithearlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligence?A．Theychosethewrongtestingarenas.B．Theyfailedtodotestsinlaboratoryconditions.C．Theyreferredtostudiesdatingbacktothe1950s.D．Theycomparedsnakeswithadifferentkindofanimal.31．WhatastonishesHoltzmanaboutsnakes?A．Theyrelyonsighttofindtheirway.B．Theyleavechemicalclueseverywhere.C．Theyoungbeattheireldersinmanyways.D．Theirtonguesareunabletorecognizechemicalclues.DResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.Withdatafromweatherradarsandbirdcountsaninternationalteamofresearchersrevealedhowmanybirdstakeoffimmediatelyafterthestartofthefireworks,atwhatdistancefromfireworksthisoccursandwhichspeciesgroupsmainlyreact.“Birdstakeoffasaresultofanacuteflightresponseduetosuddennoiseandlight.Wealreadyknewthatmanywaterbirdsreactstrongly,butnowwealsoseetheeffectonotherbirdsthroughouttheNetherlands,”saysecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdam.InthescientificjournalFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment,heresearchersthereforeargueforlargefireworks-freezones.Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.“Flyingrequiresalotofenergy,soideallybirdsshouldbedisturbedaslittleaspossibleduringthecoldwintermonths.Measurestoensurethisareespeciallyimportantinopenareassuchasgrasslands,wheremanylargerbirdsspendthewinter.Theeffectsoffireworksonbirdsarelesspronouncednearforestsandsemi-openhabitats.Inaddition,smallerbirdssuchastitsandfincheslivethere,whicharelesslikelytoflyawayfromdisturbance.”Theauthorsargueforfireworks-freezonesinareaswherelargebirdslive.Hoekstra:“Thesebufferzonescouldbesmallerinareaswherelightandsoundtravellessfar,suchasnearforests.Furthermore,fireworksshouldmainlybelitatcentrallocationsinbuilt-upareas,asfarawayfrombirdsaspossible.Itwouldbebestforbirdsifwemovedtowardslightshowswithoutsound,suchasdroneshowsordecorativefireworkswithoutveryloudbangs.”32．Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A．It’sthefirstoneaboutfireworks’effectsonbirds.B．It’sconductedbycollectingdatafromweatherradars.C．Itshowstheextentofthefireworks’influenceonbirds.D．ItkeepstrackofbirdsthroughoutNetherlandsandbeyond.33．Whydidgeesespendmoretimelookingforfood?A．Tofindaplacewithoutfireworks. B．Tostoremorefoodincase.C．Tofindanewsourceofenergy. D．Tomakeupforthelostenergy.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inPara.4mean?A．Predictable. B．Noticeable. C．Admirable. D．Avoidable.35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Fireworksintheworld B．Fireworks-freezonesC．Panicintheair D．Birdsthroughoutthecountry第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?36Youcanusethefollowingbasicsabouttheartofpublicspeakingtohelpyouovercomethesechallengesandbeagoodspeaker.PointeverythingbacktothecentralideaBeforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.37Itmakesiteasiertodecidewhattosayandithelpsyoumakeeveryotherdecision,fromthestructuretothespecificstoriesandconcreteimagesthatyouinclude.38Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸聞)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.PracticeinfrontofpeoplePracticingyourspeechcaneasefeelingsofnervousnessandhelpyouadjustyourpresentation.Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.39SlowdownandstartagainIfsomethingunexpectedhappensinthemoment—sayyoustumble(結(jié)巴)orloseyourplace—pauseorslowdown.Takeadeepbreathandgobacktothebeginningofasentenceorrestatethewordyoustumbledon.Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.40Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.A．Avoidbigwordsandlongsentences.B．Usevividimageryandstorytelling.C．Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.D．Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.E．Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.F．There’salsoachancetopracticeshortspeechesonimportanttopics.G．Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Twentyyearsago,Iwasmonthsintomyfirstjobatastart-upindependentpublishingcompanyinNewYork.Oneafternoon,I41atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogues(目錄簿),ourfirsttolisteveryoneofourtitles.Iwasonmywayto42myaunt,who’dagreedto43themtoherfriends.Backthen,Iwasmuchless44;somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya45.IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopenedmy46andfoundnothinginside.Theydidn’t47creditcardsbackthen.Iwastoldtogetoffatthenextstation.48,themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.Iwasbeyondgratefuland49:IpromisedhimIwouldsendhimacheck,whichhe50.Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.Later,Iwroteacheck,51itinaletter,andsentitoff.Iexpressedmy52againandincludedmyemailaddress.Soonheemailedmeandwe53alastingfriendship.That54actionhasstayedwithme.Thinkingaboutthatday,I55myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople.41．A．cameacross B．rushedonto C．passedby D．lookedfor42．A．visit B．help C．rescue D．introduce43．A．return B．explain C．connect D．distribute44．A．determined B．objective C．organized D．professional45．A．ticket B．card C．gift D．book46．A．parcel B．wallet C．envelope D．bottle47．A．cancel B．reject C．provide D．a(chǎn)ccept48．A．Naturally B．Unexpectedly C．Doubtfully D．Disagreeably49．A．embarrassed B．disturbed C．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．dissatisfied50．A．gaveaway B．checkedout C．laughedoff D．sentback51．A．lost B．unfolded C．noticed D．enclosed52．A．a(chǎn)ppreciation B．a(chǎn)dmiration C．a(chǎn)mazement D．a(chǎn)pproval53．A．destroyed B．inspired C．formed D．reported54．A．romantic B．generous C．emergent D．symbolic55．A．force B．a(chǎn)llow C．warn D．remind第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGuangdongLionDance,anationaltraditionpopularinFoshanandGuangzhou,isatypicalSouthernLionDance.Liondancing56(date)backthousandsofyears,totheTangDynasty,andalegendabouttheemperorhavingadream57alionsavedhislife.Andlaterit58(introduce)tothesouthbymigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancedevelopedinto59(it)modernformduringtheMingDynasty(AD1368-1644).InChinesetradition,peopleregardthelionas60symbolofbravenessandstrength,whichcandriveawayevilandprotecthumansandlivestock.Liondancing61(main)focusesontheperformanceoftheliondance,attachingmuchattentiontomovements62scratchinganitch(抓癢),shakingthemane(鬃毛)andlicking(舔)thehair.TheGuangdongLionDance,a63(combine)ofmartialarts,danceandmusic,ispopularnotonlyinGuangdongandGuangxiprovinces,butalsoamongoverseasChineseinSoutheastAsiancountries,64(make)itaculturalbridgeforoverseasChinesekeepingintouchwiththeirnationalroots.Itisconsideredtobeatraditionwithfar-reachingculturalvalue.LunarNewYearistheperfecttime65(share)andcelebratethatcultureandheritage.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）假定你是李華，你所負(fù)責(zé)的校烹飪社團(tuán)將舉辦主題為“MySpecialtyDish(我最拿手的一道菜)”的活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你給外教Chris寫(xiě)一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加此次活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容包括：1．活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2．活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。注意：1．寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearChris,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItisahotsunnySaturdaymorningonthefarm.Maya,DuksieandDoobiearehelpingMamaKinhervegetablegarden.Thechildrenworkallmorning.MamaKalwaysgivesthechildrenatreatforhelpingher.Sometimesit’scakeorchocolate;sometimesit’sapples,pearsororanges.MamaKhasonlyonerule.“Shareitfair!”Thechildrenknowtheymustsharethetreatsequally,sotheyallgetthesameamount.TodayMamaKhasbakedaroundstrawberrycakewithpinkicing(糖霜)andberriesfromhergarden.Thechildrenwaitonthegrassfortheirtreat.“Hereyougo!”smilesMamaK.“Butremembertherule.Shareitfair!”Mayahasthefirstturntosharethecake.Sheusestheknifetodrawlinesintheicing.Theotherswatchher.Shedoesnotcutthecakeyet.Theothersmustfirstagreeifherwayisfair.“IthinkIwillmaketwocutsdownlikethis.Nowwehavethreeslices,allthesame!”Mayashowsthem.Thereisonelineontheleftandtheotherontheright.“Noway!”saysDuksie.“Theoneinthemiddleismuchtoobig!”Doobiealsoshakeshishead.MayalaughsandtellsDuksietotry.“Passmetheknife.I’lldoit,”saysDuksie.FirstsherubsoutMaya’spatternintheicing,andthenshemakesonecutacrossandonedown.“Look,Ihavemademythreeslices!”“That’snotfair!”shoutMayaandDoobietogether.“Whydon’tyoutry,Doobie?”saysDuksie.“Ibetyoucan’tdoit!”“Iwishthecakewasasquare,andthenitwouldbeeasy!”saysDoobiethoughtfully.Andthen!ApicturecomesintoDoobie’shead.Heseesthesilverbadge(標(biāo)識(shí))atthefrontofhisfather’sbigredBenztruck.“I’vegotit!I’vegotit!Iknowhowtodoit,”shoutsDoobie.“Howdidyouworkitout?”Mayaasks.Doobiesmilestohimself.Fornowit’shissecret.Later,hewilltellhisdad.注意：1．續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右：2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。FirstDoobieusesaknifetosmoothDuksie’slinesintheicing.WithMamaK’sencouragement,Mayatakescharge,expertlycuttingalongDoobie’slinestomakethreeequalslices.答案第二部分：閱讀理解第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）21-25BD