浙江省金華十校高三下學期二模英語試題含答案

金華十校2024年4月高三模擬考試英語試題卷本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題），共150分，考試時間120分鐘。請考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂寫在答題紙上。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共95分）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共５小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandrink?A.Coffee.B.Coke.C.Tea.2.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Satisfied.B.Stressed.C.Bored.3.Whenwillthenextbusleavefordowntown?A.In5minutes.B.In10minutes.C.In15minutes.4.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Tragic.B.Touching.C.Inspiring.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoestheboysuggestthegirldo?A.Wearsomethingunusual.B.WatchFrozenwithhim.C.Dressasaprincess.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofavampiredogcostume?A.Boring.B.Frightening.C.Thrilling.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whereisthewomanplanningtogo?A.Italy.B.Austria.C.England.9.Wheredidthemanbuyhiswalkingshoes?A.Atamarket.B.Inanewmall.C.Inaholidayinn.10.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantododuringhertrip?A.Climbmountains.B.Wearenoughclothes.C.Protectherselffromthesun.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.He’sacook.B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sarestaurantowner.12.Howlongdoesthemanhavetoworkaday?A.5hours.B.6hours.C.11hours.13.Accordingtotheman,whatisoneofthekeystodoingtheworkwell?A.Havingenthusiasm.B.Makingplansforfuture.C.Payingattentiontoexams.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whyisthemanmoving?A.Tobeclosertohisoffice.B.Tosavesomemoney.C.Tohavemorespace.15.Whenwilltheapartmentbeavailabletothewoman?A.InearlyAugust.B.InmidAugust.C.InearlySeptember.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Hiremoversforthewoman.B.Findthewomananapartment.C.Remendthewomantothelandlord.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidtheweddingtakeplace?A.InNewYork.B.InSouthCarolina.C.InVirginia.18.Whoconductedtheweddingceremony?A.CharlesJohnson.B.MichaelSmith.C.WilliamScott.19.Whatdidthebridestudyincollege?A.History.B.Art.C.Psychology.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecouple?A.Theyenjoyedamonthlonghoneymoon.B.Theygraduatedfromthesameuniversity.C.Theysentgiftstotheweddingplanningpany.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ADearreaders,“Persist.”—VietThanhNguyen“Successisnoaccident.”—ChrisBohjalian“Keepwritingandit’llgeteasier.”—LisaJewell“Bepatientwithyourself.”—MinJinLeeThesearewordsofadvicetakenfromourinterviewswithawardwinningandbestsellingauthors.Notice,though,notasinglementionoftheirstatus,prizes,oradvances—inotherwords,theirsuccess.Andwhilestatus,literaryawards,andmoneycanbeindicatorsofasuccessfulwriter,onemustactuallysitdownandwriteforanyofthosethingstohappen.That’swhatallofthesepiecesofadvicehaveinmon:puttingwordsonthepage.Inthisissue,you’llfindarticlestohelpyousucceed,nomatteryourgoals.Ifit’stofigureoutwhetherthatmessofanovelyou’vegotsittinginadrawercanberescuedorifyouneedtomoveon,AndromedaRomano’sarticlewillofferquestionstoaskyourself.MichaelLaRonn’sessaywillgiveyouanexampleofhowanunexpectedopportunitymightbejustthepushyouneed.Or,ifyou’vehadtroublefindinganagent,RyanVanCleave’scollectionoftipsandadvicefrom22literaryagentsoneveryaspectofthebusinessmightchangeyourluck.MattyDalrympleshareswaystoreachmorereadersandbuildamunitywiththem.Wishyousuccessandhappynewyear!1.Theadvicementionedatthebeginninghighlightstheimportanceof______.A.abigdream B.constantpractice C.earningmoney D.achievingsuccess2.Whosearticlemayhelpthosewhoareunsurewhethertosaveanunsuccessfulnovel?A.MattyDalrympl. B.MichaelLaRonn.C.RyanVanCleave. D.AndromedaRomano.3.Whomightbethetargetreadersofthisissue?A.Writers. B.Businessmen. C.Booksellers. D.Literaryagents.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。短文向讀者推薦了本期期刊的內(nèi)容。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)““Persist.”—VietThanhNguyen“Successisnoaccident.”—ChrisBohjalian“Keepwritingandit’llgeteasier.”—LisaJewell“Bepatientwithyourself.”—MinJinLee”（堅持——VietThanhNguyen?！俺晒Σ皇桥既坏?。”——ChrisBohjalian“繼續(xù)寫，會變得更容易。”——LisaJewell?！皩ψ约阂心托??！薄狹inJinLee）可知，開頭提到的建議強調(diào)了不斷實踐的重要性。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifit’stofigureoutwhetherthatmessofanovelyou’vegotsittinginadrawercanberescuedorifyouneedtomoveon,AndromedaRomano’sarticlewillofferquestionstoaskyourself.”（如果是想弄清楚你放在抽屜里的那本亂七八糟的小說是否可以拯救，或者你是否需要繼續(xù)前進，AndromedaRomano的文章會提出一些問題問自己。）可知，AndromedaRomano可以幫助那些不確定是否要拯救一部不成功的小說的人。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthisissue,you’llfindarticlestohelpyousucceed,nomatteryourgoals.Ifit’stofigureoutwhetherthatmessofanovelyou’vegotsittinginadrawercanberescuedorifyouneedtomoveon,AndromedaRomano’sarticlewillofferquestionstoaskyourself.MichaelLaRonn’sessaywillgiveyouanexampleofhowanunexpectedopportunitymightbejustthepushyouneed.Or,ifyou’vehadtroublefindinganagent,RyanVanCleave’scollectionoftipsandadvicefrom22literaryagentsoneveryaspectofthebusinessmightchangeyourluck.MattyDalrympleshareswaystoreachmorereadersandbuildamunitywiththem.”（在本期中，無論你的目標如何，你都會找到幫助你成功的文章。如果是想弄清楚你放在抽屜里的那本亂七八糟的小說是否可以拯救，或者你是否需要繼續(xù)前進，AndromedaRomano的文章會提出一些問題問自己。MichaelLaRonn的文章將給你一個例子，說明一個意想不到的機會可能正是你所需要的推動力。或者，如果你很難找到經(jīng)紀人，RyanVanCleave從22位文學經(jīng)紀人那里收集的關(guān)于業(yè)務各個方面的提示和建議可能會改變你的運氣。MattyDalrymple分享了接觸更多讀者并與他們建立社區(qū)的方法。）可知，作家可能是本期的目標讀者。故選A項。BI’minacoffeeshopinManhattanandI’mabouttobeethemostdislikedpersonintheroom.First,I’mgoingtointerruptthemanreadingquietlynearthewindowandaskforadrinkofhislatte.Next,I’mgoingtoaskthelineofpeoplewaitingtopayifIcancuttothefrontofthequeue.ThisishowIchosetospendmylastvacation.Here’swhy.Growingup,allIeverheardaboutwas“EQ.”Itwasthemid1990s,andpsychologistDanielGolemanhadjustpopularizedtheconceptofemotionalintelligence.UnlikeIQ,whichtrackedconventionalmeasuresofintelligencelikereasoningandrecall,EQmeasuredtheabilitytounderstandotherpeople—tolisten,toempathize(共情),andtoappreciate.Mymother,anelementaryschoolprincipal,prizedbrainsandhardwork,butsheplacedaspecialemphasisonGoleman’snewidea.Toher,EQwastheelixir(萬能藥)thatseparatedthegoodstudentsfromthegreataftertheyleftschool.Shewasdeterminedtosendmeintotheadultworldwithasmuchofthiselixiraspossible.ButwhenIfinallybeganmyfirstjob,Inoticedasecondelixirinthepocketsofsomeofmycolleagues.Itgavetheiropinionsextraweightandtheirdecisionsaddedimpact.Strangestofall,itseemedliketheantiEQ:Insteadofknowinghowtomakeothersfeelgood,thiselixirgavepeoplethecouragetodotheopposite—tosaythingsothersdidn’twanttohear.Thiswasassertiveness(魄力).Itboileddowntothemandofasingleskill:theabilitytohaveunfortableconversations.Assertivepeople—thosewithhigh“AQ”—askforthingstheywant,declinethingstheydon’t,provideconstructivefeedback,andengageindirectconfrontation(對峙)anddebate.AlifetimeimprovingmyEQhelpedmeempathizewithothers,butitalsoleftmeoverlysensitivetosituationswhereIhadtosayordothingsthatmightmakeothersunhappy.WhileIdidn’tavoidconflict,IwasalwaysfrustratedbymypowerlessnesswhenIhadtosayordosomethingthatcouldupsetsomeone.ThisismyproblemandI’mworkingonit.4.Whydidtheauthoractthatwayinthecoffeeshop?A.Toimproveaskill. B.Totestaconcept.C.Toadvocateanewidea. D.Tohaveauniquevacation.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’smother?A.ShethoughtlittleofIQ.B.ShepopularizedGoleman’sidea.C.Shewasastrictmotherandprincipal.D.ShevaluedEQasthekeytogreatness.6.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefourthparagraphreferto?A.EQ. B.AQ. C.Empathy. D.Courage.7.Accordingtothepassage,thosewithhighEQbutlowAQarelikelytobe______.A.successfulleaders B.peoplepleasersC.terribleplainers D.pleasureseekers【答案】4A5.D6.B7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了智商、情商的區(qū)別并結(jié)合作者自身情況說明了反情商的重要性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thiswasassertiveness(魄力).Itboileddowntothemandofasingleskill:theabilitytohaveunfortableconversations.(這就是魄力。這可以歸結(jié)為對一項技能的掌握：進行令人不舒服的對話的能力)”和最后一段“WhileIdidn’tavoidconflict,IwasalwaysfrustratedbymypowerlessnesswhenIhadtosayordosomethingthatcouldupsetsomeone.ThisismyproblemandI’mworkingonit.(雖然我沒有避免沖突，但當我不得不說或做一些可能會讓別人不安的事情時，我總是因為自己的無能為力而感到沮喪。這是我的問題，我正在努力解決)”可知，提高情商使作者過于敏感，缺乏魄力，且作者正在努力解決這一問題。由此推知，作者在咖啡店里那樣做是為了提高一項技能。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Mymother,anelementaryschoolprincipal,prizedbrainsandhardwork,butsheplacedaspecialemphasisonGoleman’snewidea.Toher,EQwastheelixir(萬能藥)thatseparatedthegoodstudentsfromthegreataftertheyleftschool.(我的母親是一所小學的校長，她珍視聰明和努力，但她特別重視戈爾曼的新想法。對她來說，情商是一種萬能藥，在他們離開學校后，將好學生與優(yōu)秀學生區(qū)分開來)”可知，作者母親認為情商是一種萬能藥，即情商是成功的關(guān)鍵。故選D項。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ButwhenIfinallybeganmyfirstjob,Inoticedasecondelixirinthepocketsofsomeofmycolleagues.(但當我終于開始我的第一份工作時，我注意到我的一些同事口袋里有另一種萬能藥)”和“Strangestofall,itseemedliketheantiEQ:Insteadofknowinghowtomakeothersfeelgood,thiselixirgavepeoplethecouragetodotheopposite—tosaythingsothersdidn’twanttohear.(最奇怪的是，這似乎是反情商：不知道如何讓別人感覺良好，這個長生不老藥給了人們做相反事情的勇氣——說別人不想聽的話)”可知，it指代“另一種萬能藥”，而且這種藥是反情商的，所以這種萬能藥就是下文第五段中提到的“AQ”，所以劃線詞it指代的是AQ。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“UnlikeIQ,whichtrackedconventionalmeasuresofintelligencelikereasoningandrecall,EQmeasuredtheabilitytounderstandotherpeople—tolisten,toempathize(共情),andtoappreciate.(與IQ不同的是，EQ衡量的是理解他人的能力——傾聽、移情(共情)和欣賞的能力。IQ追蹤的是推理和回憶等傳統(tǒng)智力指標)”和第五段“Assertivepeople—thosewithhigh“AQ”—askforthingstheywant,declinethingstheydon’t,provideconstructivefeedback,andengageindirectconfrontation(對峙)anddebate.(自信的人——那些“AQ”高的人——要求他們想要的東西，拒絕他們不想要的東西，提供建設(shè)性的反饋，參與直接對峙和辯論)”可推知，那些EQ高AQ低的人很可能是取悅別人的人。故選B項。

CSometimesweonlyappreciatesomethingwhenwerealizewemayloseit.ThatisthestoryoftheEverglades.Ashallowslowmovingriver,theEvergladesoncecoveredabout18,000squaremilesofsouthernFlorida.Untilthe1900s,fewpeoplelivedinthegrassywetlands.Notmuchwasunderstoodabouttheuniquebalanceofnaturethatexistedthere.Plants,creatures,andwaterhadformedaremarkableecosystem.Bytheearly1900s,Florida’spleasantwintersattractedmorepeople.Visitorsbecamenewpermanentresidents.Theybuilthomesandroads.Theconditionslookedgoodforfarming,sothenewersplantedlargeagriculturalcrops.ButSouthFlorida’scycleoffloodingwasaproblem.Toaddressthat,developersattemptedtodrain(排水)theland.Theyalsobuiltstructurestocontrolwaterlevelsandflow.ThosechangesmadeiteasierformorepeopletoliveyearroundinSouthFlorida.HowevertheyalsodisturbedlifeintheEverglades,whichdependsonfreshwaterregularlyrefillingtheland.Thearea’sgrowinghumanpopulationneededfreshwater.Andlargefarmsconsumedlargequantitiesoffreshwater.Bythemid1900s,waterlevelsinsouthernFloridabegantogodown.Lackoffreshwaterwasn’ttheonlyproblem.Asmoreandmorelandwasdevelopedforpeopleandfarms,theEverglades’historicboundariescontracted.LossofhabitatandhuntingthreatenedthesurvivalofnativespeciesintheEverglades.Somepeoplehopedthatthegovernment’srecognitionmightsavetheEverglades.Theyfoughtforit.EvergladesNationalParkwasestablishedin1947.ItbecamethefirstparkintheUnitedStatescreatedforitsbiodiversity.Now,EvergladesNationalParkprotects1.5millionacresalongthesoutherntipofFlorida.Anamazingvarietyofcreatureslivethere.About360differentspeciesofbirdshavebeensightedinthepark.Nearly300differentspeciesoffishhavebeenidentified.About40speciesofmammalsand50speciesofreptilesinhabitthepark.NaturestillrulesintheEverglades,aplaceworthunderstanding,appreciating,andprotecting.8.WhatwastheEvergladeslikebeforethe1900s?A.Naturallywild. B.Partlyexplored.C.pletelylifeless. D.Thicklypopulated.9.WhatproblemdidnewresidentscausefortheEverglades?A.Acycleofflooding.B.Pollutionoffreshwater.C.Possibleextinctionofnativespecies.D.Theextensionofhistoricboundaries.10.Whyarethefiguresmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toattractvisitorstothepark.B.Tostressthegreatpowerofnature.C.Tocallformoreeffortstoprotectnature.D.Toshowthesuccessfulconservationofthepark.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.HowpeopleadaptedtolifeintheEverglades.B.HowEvergladesNationalParkwasestablished.C.HowhumansharmedandsavedtheEverglades.D.HowtheecosystemoftheEvergladeswasformed.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了人類如何傷害和拯救大沼澤地。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Untilthe1900s,fewpeoplelivedinthegrassywetlands.Notmuchwasunderstoodabouttheuniquebalanceofnaturethatexistedthere.Plants,creatures,andwaterhadformedaremarkableecosystem.”（直到20世紀，很少有人住在長滿青草的濕地上。人們對那里存在的獨特的自然平衡了解不多。植物、生物和水形成了一個引人注目的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。）可知，大沼澤地在20世紀以前是自然野生的狀態(tài)。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“LossofhabitatandhuntingthreatenedthesurvivalofnativespeciesintheEverglades.”（棲息地的喪失和狩獵威脅著大沼澤地本地物種的生存。）可知，新居民給大沼澤地帶來的問題是本地物種可能滅絕。故選C項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Now,EvergladesNationalParkprotects1.5millionacresalongthesoutherntipofFlorida.Anamazingvarietyofcreatureslivethere.About360differentspeciesofbirdshavebeensightedinthepark.Nearly300differentspeciesoffishhavebeenidentified.About40speciesofmammalsand50speciesofreptilesinhabitthepark.”（現(xiàn)在，大沼澤地國家公園保護著佛羅里達州南端150萬英畝的土地。那里生活著各種各樣的生物。公園里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大約360種不同的鳥類。已經(jīng)確認了近300種不同的魚類。公園內(nèi)棲息著大約40種哺乳動物和50種爬行動物。）可知，最后一段的數(shù)字表明了展示公園保護的成功。故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Bytheearly1900s,Florida’spleasantwintersattractedmorepeople.Visitorsbecamenewpermanentresidents.Theybuilthomesandroads.Theconditionslookedgoodforfarming,sothenewersplantedlargeagriculturalcrops.”（到了20世紀初，佛羅里達宜人的冬天吸引了更多的人。游客成為新的永久居民。他們建造房屋和道路。那里的條件看起來很適合耕種，所以新來的人種植了大量的農(nóng)作物。）根據(jù)第三段“Asmoreandmorelandwasdevelopedforpeopleandfarms,theEverglades’historicboundariescontracted.LossofhabitatandhuntingthreatenedthesurvivalofnativespeciesintheEverglades.”（隨著越來越多的土地被開發(fā)用于人類和農(nóng)場，大沼澤地的歷史邊界縮小了。棲息地的喪失和狩獵威脅著大沼澤地本地物種的生存。）根據(jù)最后一段“Now,EvergladesNationalParkprotects1.5millionacresalongthesoutherntipofFlorida.Anamazingvarietyofcreatureslivethere.About360differentspeciesofbirdshavebeensightedinthepark.Nearly300differentspeciesoffishhavebeenidentified.About40speciesofmammalsand50speciesofreptilesinhabitthepark.”（現(xiàn)在，大沼澤地國家公園保護著佛羅里達州南端150萬英畝的土地。那里生活著各種各樣的生物。公園里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大約360種不同的鳥類。已經(jīng)確認了近300種不同的魚類。公園內(nèi)棲息著大約40種哺乳動物和50種爬行動物。）可知，短語主要介紹了人類如何傷害和拯救大沼澤地。故選C項。DAmericanfamiliesdon’tsavemoneyliketheyusedto.In2018thepersonalsavingratewassomewherearound7%,whichiswellbelowtherateofafewdecadesago.Therearealotofpotentialexplanationsforthis.Wagegrowthhasslowedwhilenecessitiessuchashousingandmedicalcarehavegrownmoreexpensive.Theriseofeasycredithasmadeoverspendingeasierthanever.Andthenumberofpeoplewhomakeabudgetisdecreasing.Now,ateamofU.S.andCanadianeconomistshaveproposedanewexplanationforthedecliningsavingsrate,onerootedinindividualpsychology.Atitsheartliesasimpleobservation:Spendingisalotmorevisiblethannotspending.Humansaresocialcreatures,andwehaveatendencytoevaluateourownstandinginliferelativetohowourfriendsandneighborsaredoing.WewanttokeepupwiththeJoneses,andstayaheadoftheSmiths.Becauseofthis,whenweseeotherpeoplespendingmoneywehaveatendencytobelievethatwecan—orshould—bespendingtoo.Nowadays,changesinthemedialandscapehavemadeotherpeople’sspendingmorevisiblethanever.That,inturn,ismakingallofusspendevenmore—andsaveevenless.DavidHirshleifer,oneoftheeconomists,saidthat“it’seasytothinkthatyou’resavingenoughbecauseyouarenotthrowingluxurypartiesortakingexpensivejourneysthewaysomepeopleyouknoware.”But,hewarned,“thosejourneysandpartiesmaynotreallybetypicalofyouracquaintances—theyjuststandoutinmemory.”Theeconomistsimplythatfindingwaystomakenonspendingmorevisiblemighthelpindividualsdevelopmorerealisticviewsofoverallspendingandsavingbehavior.“Makeaspecialefforttonoticewhenyourfriendsarecarefulwithmoney,suchasholdingontotheir15yearoldcar,”Hirshleifersaid.12.WhichofthefollowingisapotentialexplanationforthelowsavingrateinAmerica?A.Thereductionintheine. B.Theeasyaccesstomoney.C.Thegrowingdesireforhousing. D.Thedifficultyinstickingtoabudget.13.The“individualpsychology”mentionedinparagraph3referstoatendencyto______.A.showoffwealth B.connectwithothersC.pareoneselftoothers D.adaptoneselftosocialchange14.WhatisthewarningofDavidHirshleifer?A.Itisimpropertocopyothers’spendinghabits.B.Itisunwisetospendmorethanonecanafford.C.Onemayspendtoomuchonjourneysandparties.D.Onemayhavemisunderstandingofothers’spendinghabits.15.Whatdotheeconomistssuggestpeopledo?A.Makegooduseofmoney. B.Saveasmuchmoneyaspossible.C.Payattentiontononspendingbehavior. D.Changeoverallspendingandsavingbehavior.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了美國低儲蓄率背后的原因以及給人們的消費建議?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theriseofeasycredithasmadeoverspendingeasierthanever.Andthenumberofpeoplewhomakeabudgetisdecreasing.(寬松信貸的增加使得過度消費比以往任何時候都容易。做預算的人越來越少)”可知，容易獲得金錢是美國低儲蓄率的一個潛在解釋。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Humansaresocialcreatures,andwehaveatendencytoevaluateourownstandinginliferelativetohowourfriendsandneighborsaredoing.WewanttokeepupwiththeJoneses,andstayaheadoftheSmiths.Becauseofthis,whenweseeotherpeoplespendingmoneywehaveatendencytobelievethatwecan—orshould—bespendingtoo.(人類是社會性動物，我們傾向于根據(jù)朋友和鄰居的表現(xiàn)來評估自己的生活狀況。我們要趕上瓊斯家的人，走在史密斯家的前面。正因為如此，當我們看到別人花錢時，我們傾向于認為我們也可以——或者應該——花錢)”可知，第三段提到的“個體心理”指的是一種把自己和別人比較的傾向。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“DavidHirshleifer,oneoftheeconomists,saidthat“it’seasytothinkthatyou’resavingenoughbecauseyouarenotthrowingluxurypartiesortakingexpensivejourneysthewaysomepeopleyouknoware.”But,hewarned,“thosejourneysandpartiesmaynotreallybetypicalofyouracquaintances—theyjuststandoutinmemory.”(其中一位經(jīng)濟學家大衛(wèi)·赫施萊弗說，“你很容易認為自己存夠了錢，因為你沒有像你所知道的一些人那樣舉辦豪華派對或進行昂貴的旅行?！钡?，他警告說，“那些旅行和聚會可能并不是你認識的人的典型特征——它們只是在你的記憶中突出而已。”)”可知，大衛(wèi)·赫施萊弗的警告是一個人可能對別人的消費習慣有誤解。故選D。【15題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theeconomistsimplythatfindingwaystomakenonspendingmorevisiblemighthelpindividualsdevelopmorerealisticviewsofoverallspendingandsavingbehavior.“Makeaspecialefforttonoticewhenyourfriendsarecarefulwithmoney,suchasholdingontotheir15yearoldcar,”Hirshleifersaid.(這兩位經(jīng)濟學家暗示，想辦法讓不花錢的行為更引人注目，可能有助于個人對整體支出和儲蓄行為形成更現(xiàn)實的看法。赫施萊弗說：“當你的朋友在花錢方面很謹慎時，你要特別注意一下，比如他們那輛開了15年的車是否還留著?！?”可知，經(jīng)濟學家建議人們注意非消費行為。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouwanttodosomething,orwhatcausespeopletogothroughextraordinarypainorpersonalinvestmentjusttoachieveaparticularoute?____16____Motivation.Motivationisthereasonforpeople’sactions,goals,andwillingnesstopursuethegoals.Sometimesitseemsdifficulttofind,butweallhavethatsparkatourcore.Herearesomewaysyoucanturnthatsparkbackintoaflame.____17____Ifyourmotivationisfading,noticewhenthisstartstohappenandwhateventscouldhavedrivenit.You’llfindthatyou’remorelikelytofeelboredwhenyou’reincertainenvironments.Asyoubeemoreawareofthis,youcanputyourselfinsituationswhereyou’remorelikelytothrive.Keepathankfulnessjournal.____18____Whenthey’reawareofwhatthey’rethankfulfor,itdrivestheminspecificareasoftheirlives.Consideringthis,youmayfindvalueinkeepingathankfulnessjournalwhereyouregularlylistblessings.Designanacplishmentbook.Creativepeoplemaydowelltodesignanacplishmentbookwithimagesofpastworkandacplishmentsasaformofencouragement.Itcanbeasinformalorformalasyou’dlike.Itmightbeasimplescrapbookyoukeepatyourdesk,oraprofessionallyprintedbookletthatyoukeepbyyourbed.____19____Getoutofthehouse.Ifyourlifeconsistsofgoingtowork,inghome,watchingNetflix,andgoingtosleep,youshouldn’tbesurprisedthatyou’reunmotivated.____20____Stretchingyourselfwillexposeyoutonewideas,activities,andpeople,whichwilleitherstrikeupnewmotivationorrekindlethingsyouhaveforgottenabout.A.What’sthepossiblesolution?B.Identifywhenmotivationslips.C.What’sattheheartofthisissue?D.Decidewhatworksbestforyouandgiveitatry.E.Athankfulnessjournalisaperfectwaytoshowyourgratitudetoothers.F.Somepeoplefindthatthankfulnessandmotivationaredirectlyconnected.G.Makeitapointtogooutdoorsandtrynewthingsevenwhenyoudon’twantto.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.D20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了獲得動機的幾個方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouwanttodosomething,orwhatcausespeopletogothroughextraordinarypainorpersonalinvestmentjusttoachieveaparticularoute?”（你有沒有想過為什么你想做某事，或者是什么讓人們經(jīng)歷了巨大的痛苦或個人投資，只是為了達到一個特定的結(jié)果？）根據(jù)下文“Motivation”（動力）可知，選項在問一個問題，而下文是對上文的回答。故C選項“這個問題的核心是什么?”切題。故選C項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyourmotivationisfading,noticewhenthisstartstohappenandwhateventscouldhavedrivenit.”（如果你的動力正在消退，注意這種情況何時開始發(fā)生，以及是什么事件導致了這種情況。）可知，要確定動機何時消失。故B選項“確定動機何時消失。”切題，為本段的標題。故選B項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whenthey’reawareofwhatthey’rethankfulfor,itdrivestheminspecificareasoftheirlives.”（當他們意識到他們要感恩的東西時，它會驅(qū)使他們在生活的特定領(lǐng)域中前進。）可知，動機和感恩是相關(guān)聯(lián)的。故F選項“有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)感恩和動機是直接相關(guān)的?！鼻蓄}。故選F項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itmightbeasimplescrapbookyoukeepatyourdesk,oraprofessionallyprintedbookletthatyoukeepbyyourbed.”（它可能是你放在桌子上的一個簡單的剪貼簿，或者是你放在床邊的一本專業(yè)印刷的小冊子。）可知，選項總結(jié)上文，說明要找到合適自己的，嘗試一下。故D選項“決定什么最適合你，然后試一試。”切題。故選D項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Stretchingyourselfwillexposeyoutonewideas,activities,andpeople,whichwilleitherstrikeupnewmotivationorrekindlethingsyouhaveforgottenabout.”（伸展自己會讓你接觸到新的想法、活動和人，這要么會激發(fā)新的動力，要么會重新點燃你已經(jīng)忘記的東西。）可知，選項鼓勵人們要到戶外嘗試新的事物和想法。故G選項“即使你不想去，也要去戶外嘗試新事物?！鼻蓄}。故選G項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15個小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ifoundabrownbagoutsideafterourmove.“GrassSeed,”itsaidinbigletters.MyhusbandandI____21____theseedsalloverthedirtyyardinfrontofournewhouse.“Ihavenoideaiftheywill____22____,”Itoldhim,“butit’sworthashot.”Justlikeour____23____tomovetotheruralArizona.Nearournewhousesatacharmingcottage,whichwas____24____totourists.Igotajobofferto____25____thecottage.I’dworkedinhotelsforyears,sowhenofferedthe____26____,Ijumpedatit.Still,itwasabigchange.I____27____thatitwouldbearightmove.Whilewewaitedforourgrasstogrow—ornot—we____28____settledintoournewhousethroughourefforts.Wemadeitacozyhome,despitethe____29____inthefrontyard,whichwasstillbarenow.Meanwhile,manyofthecottageguestsbecame_____30_____,andIgottoknowthemwell.Ifelt_____31_____tomaketheirstaysmemorable.PerhapsIwasbetteratthatthan_____32_____.Butafteramonsoon(季風)sweptthrough,Iwokeuptoabeautifulmorningandlookedoutthewindow.Therewasnograssgrowinginthesunlight._____33_____,ouryardwascoveredinarainbowofzinnias(百日菊)!ThefrontyardturnedoutevenbetterthanIcouldhave_____34_____,justlikeournewlife.Anditremainsapowerful_____35_____ofthebeautythatawaitsusinournewchapter.21.A.sought B.spread C.collected D.removed22.A.remain B.last C.dry D.root23.A.need B.intention C.decision D.agreement24.A.rented B.given C.sold D.introduced25.A.green B.advertise C.fillup D.lookafter26.A.help B.chance C.service D.acmodation27.A.pretended B.decided C.understood D.prayed28.A.naturally B.hardly C.gradually D.temporarily29.A.uncertainty B.potential C.danger D.untidiness30.A.locals B.employers C.regulars D.gardeners31.A.proud B.grateful C.curious D.stressed32.A.houserenting B.yardcleaning C.keepinghouse D.growinggrass33.A.Otherwise B.Instead C.Besides D.Therefore34.A.imagined B.designed C.remembered D.appreciated35.A.test B.memory C.reminder D.choice【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者搬家的經(jīng)歷讓作者意識到：在新的生活篇章，等待著人們的是美好。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我和丈夫把種子撒滿了新房前骯臟的院子。A.sought探索；B.spread撒，擴散；C.collected收集；D.removed清除。根據(jù)常識和和上文中的“Ifoundabrownbagoutsideafterourmove.“GrassSeed,”itsaidinbigletters.”以及下文中的“Itoldhim,“butit’sworthashot.””可知，作者搬到一個新房子時，看到一包草種子，所以此處指的是雖不知道是否能長出草來，還是把種子“撒”到院子里，符合語境。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我不知道他們是否會生根，”我告訴他，“但值得一試?！盇.remain仍然是；B.last持續(xù)；C.dry使變干；D.root使生根。根據(jù)常識以及下文中的“Whilewewaitedforourgrasstogrow—ornot”可知，作者他們在等待著草是否會生長，所以此處指的是不知道種子會不會“生根”符合語境。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像我們決定搬到亞利桑那州的鄉(xiāng)村一樣。A.need需要；B.intention意圖；C.decision決定；D.agreement同意。根據(jù)上文中的““Ihavenoideaiftheywill____2____,”Itoldhim,“butit’sworthashot.””可知，作者在不知道種子是否會生根的情況下決定把種子撒在院子里，結(jié)合justlike可知，此處指的是搬到亞利桑那州的“決定”符合語境。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的新房子附近有一座出租給游客的迷人小屋。A.rented租；B.given給予；C.sold賣；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)上文中的“Nearournewhousesatacharmingcottage”可知，在作者新家附近有一個迷人小屋，結(jié)合下文中的“tourists”可知，該小屋是“租”給游客，符合語境。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞及動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我得到了一份照看小屋的工作。A.green綠化；B.advertise做廣告；C.fillup填滿；D.lookafter照顧。根據(jù)上文中的“Igotajoboffer”可知，作者得到了一份工作，由此可推斷，此處指的是“照顧”小屋，符合語境。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在酒店工作多年，所以當有機會時，我就欣然接受了。A.help幫助；B.chance機會；C.service服務；D.acmodation住宿。根據(jù)上文中的“Igotajobofferto____5____thecottage.”可知，作者得到一份照顧小屋的工作，由此可知，此處指的是照顧小屋的工作“機會”符合語境。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我祈禱這將是一個正確的搬遷