11What'sthematter？（原卷版）-2021-2022學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)鏈接教材精準(zhǔn)變式練（人教版）

Unit1What'sthematter?教材核心詞匯教材核心詞匯知識(shí)鏈接及典例解讀breakn.間歇；休息【教材原句】Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromtheputer.你需要遠(yuǎn)離電腦休息?！境Ｒ?jiàn)用法】break作名詞，意為“間歇；休息”，常用于短語(yǔ)takebreaks/takeabreak,意為“休息”。break還可以作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“（使）破碎；違犯；違背”，后面可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)，比如breakacup,breaktherules/promises.break的形容詞形式是broken,意為“破碎的；損壞的”。Theyworkedfortenhourswithoutabreak.他們工作了10個(gè)小時(shí)，沒(méi)有休息。Ihavetobreakthewindowtogetintotheroom.我不得不打破窗戶進(jìn)入房間。Mindthebrokenglass.當(dāng)心碎玻璃。Thesoccerballbrokethewindow.足球把窗戶打碎了。troublen.問(wèn)題；苦惱【教材原句】“It'ssadthatmanypeopledon'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon'twantanytrouble,”saysonepassenger.一位乘客說(shuō)：“很多人不想幫助他人因?yàn)樗麄儾幌肴锹闊?，這很令人傷心。”【常見(jiàn)用法】trouble作名詞，意為“問(wèn)題；苦惱”；trouble還可作動(dòng)詞，意為“麻煩（某人）；使苦惱”。Wehavetroubleinworkingouttheproblem.解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們有困難。We'llbeinbigtroubleifwemissthebus.如果我們錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車(chē)，我們將會(huì)有大麻煩。Youwillgetintotroubleifyouparkyourcarhere.如果你把你的車(chē)停在這里，你會(huì)遇到麻煩的。Ipromisenottotroubleyouagain.我保證再也不麻煩你了。搭配收藏①havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難②beintrouble處于困境；惹出麻煩③getintotrouble陷入困境；遇到麻煩④troublesb.麻煩某人liev.躺；平躺【教材原句】Ithinkyoushouldliedownandrest.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該躺下休息。【常見(jiàn)用法】lie作動(dòng)詞，意為“躺；平躺”，可用于短語(yǔ)liedown,意為“躺下”，其過(guò)去式為lay.lie還可作“位于”講，后跟副詞或介詞。lie意為“說(shuō)謊”時(shí)常用于短語(yǔ)lietosb.(對(duì)某人說(shuō)謊）和lieaboutsth.(就某事撒謊），此時(shí)lie的過(guò)去式為lied.lie的現(xiàn)在分詞為lying.lie還可以作名詞，意為“謊言”，常用于短語(yǔ)tellalie,意為“說(shuō)謊”。Don'tlieonthewetfloor.不要躺在潮濕的地板上。Thetownliesinasmallvalley.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)位于一個(gè)小山谷之中。Sheliedaboutherage.她謊報(bào)了她的年齡。Ialwaysknowwhenhe'stellinglies.他一說(shuō)謊我就知道。Look!Thebabyislyingonthebed.看！這個(gè)嬰兒正躺在床上。典例［浙江杭州中考］Afteralongday,Tomdownonthebedandwenttosleep.【解析】句意為：漫長(zhǎng)的一天后，湯姆在床上躺下并睡著了。根據(jù)首字母提示和空后的down及bed可知此處表示“躺下”。liedown意為“躺下”，為固定短語(yǔ)；結(jié)合后面的went可知本句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，lie意為“躺；平躺”時(shí)，過(guò)去式為lay.【答案】layriskn.&v.危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)【教材原句】Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。【常見(jiàn)用法】risk作名詞，意為“危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，可用于短語(yǔ)takerisks/arisk(冒險(xiǎn)）和atrisk(處境危險(xiǎn)；受到威脅）。risk還可以作動(dòng)詞，意為“冒險(xiǎn)”，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。Icouldn'ttaketheriskofleavinghimalone.我不能冒險(xiǎn)留他獨(dú)自一人。Thatwouldmeanputtingotherchildrenatrisk.那就意味著把其他孩子置于危險(xiǎn)中。Whenchildrenstartsmoking,theydon'trealizethatthey'reriskingtheirhealth.當(dāng)孩子們開(kāi)始抽煙時(shí)，他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他們是在拿他們的健康冒險(xiǎn)。典例［山東煙臺(tái)中考·改編］Eatingtoomuchsaltincreasesthe（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）ofhighbloodpressure.【解析】根據(jù)中文提示可知此處指吃太多鹽增加患高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞，故填risk.【答案】riskdecisionn.決定；抉擇【教材原句】...wehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.······我們不得不做出可能意味著生或死的決定。【常見(jiàn)用法】decision為decide的名詞形式，意為“決定；抉擇”。makeadecisiontodosth.相當(dāng)于decidetodosth.,意為“決定做某事”。Wemakeadecisiontogotothemuseumtomorrow.我們決定明天去博物館。【聯(lián)想拓展】－sion為名詞后綴，類似的詞還有discussion（討論），expression(表達(dá)），conclusion(結(jié)論）等。典例［山東煙臺(tái)中考·改編］Theyhaven'tmadea（decide)aboutwheretospendtheirsummervacation.【解析】冠詞a后面跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞decide的名詞形式為decision,意為“決定；抉擇”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞。makeadecision意為“做決定”。【答案】decisionmeanv.意思是；打算；意欲【教材原句】Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.它的意思是“處于一個(gè)你似乎無(wú)法擺脫的困境之中”?！境Ｒ?jiàn)用法】mean作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“意思是；打算；意欲”，表示一個(gè)人的言論或行為、某一標(biāo)志或詞語(yǔ)的意思所指，其后常接名詞、動(dòng)名詞形式、動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句。其過(guò)去式是meant,名詞形式是meaning,意為“意義；意思”。其形容詞形式為meaningful和meaningless,二者互為反義詞，分別意為“有意義的”和“無(wú)意義的”。Theredlightmeans“stop”。紅燈表示“停止”?！疽谆毂嫖觥縨eandoingsth.與meantodosth.的用法區(qū)別易混詞組用法meandoingsth.意為“意味著做某事”，此處mean意為“意味著”。meantodosth.意為“打算做某事”，此處mean意為“打算；意欲”。Mynewjobwillmeantravelingallovertheworld.我的新工作將意味著周游世界。Ididn'tmeantoupsetyou.我沒(méi)打算讓你傷心。典例［湖北武漢中考·改編］Ididn'tmeanCurryyesterday.Itwaspouringwithrainsacceptedhisofferofalift.A.totroubleB.troubleC.troublingD.troubled【解析】meantodosth.意為“打算做某事”；meandoingsth.意為“意味著做某事”。由下一句中的soIacceptedhisofferofalift可知此處指“我昨天沒(méi)打算麻煩柯里”，故選A項(xiàng)。【答案】Acontroln.&v.限制；約束；管理【教材原句】Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.在這本書(shū)中，阿倫講述了正確抉擇和掌控自己的命運(yùn)的重要性。【常見(jiàn)用法】control作名詞時(shí)，意為“限制；約束；管理”。control還可以作動(dòng)詞，其后可直接跟賓語(yǔ)。Babiesarebornwithverylittlecontrolovertheirmovements.嬰兒出生時(shí)幾乎無(wú)法控制自己的活動(dòng)。Sarahtookadeepbreath,tryingtocontrolheranger.薩拉深吸一口氣，努力控制她的憤怒?！颈忱洹W(xué)搭配】－Doyouneedanyhelp?你需要幫忙嗎？－No,thanks.It'sundercontrol.不，謝謝。一切都在掌控之中。Thisfactoryisinthecontroloftheoldman.這家工廠由這位老人管理。Theplanewasoutofcontrolandcrashedintothesea.飛機(jī)失控，墜入了大海。搭配收藏①beundercontrol被控制住；處于控制之中②beinthecontrolof...受·····控制；受······管理③beoutofcontrol失去控制Thecarwasoutofcontrolandhitatree.汽車(chē)失去控制，撞到了樹(shù)上。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Mr.Li.Ifeelalittlenervousbeforethisingexam.You’dbettertakeabreak（選出劃線同義詞）fromstudiesandrelax.A．rest B．breath C．walk D．lie2．—I’msorrytobreakyourpen.—_______A．That’sright B．Itdoesn’tmatter C．Thankyou D．You’rewele3．Luketoldmetotakeabreakfromrunning.A．haveabreak B．takearestC．havearest D．a(chǎn)lltheabove4．—Ihavetrouble_________newword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstand C．understand D．understood5．—______—Ihaveatoothache.A．What'swrongwithyou? B．What'sthematterwithyou?C．What'syourtrouble? D．A，BandC6．Lindahastrouble____________Chinesehistory.A．learning B．learn C．tolearn D．learned7．—Mysisterhasastomachache.—Youshouldtellherandrest.A．toliedown B．lyingdown C．liedown D．laydown8．Thedriverwasscaredalotwhenhesawanoldmanontheroad.A．lay B．lying C．tolie9．Ifyoudon’tmind______,you’resuretosucceedoneday.A．takerisks B．haveriskC．takingrisks D．havingrisk10．Hemadeadecisionrisks.A．take B．takes C．totake D．taking11．Theyhadtomakeadecisionthatcouldmean___________________.A．liveanddie B．lifeordie C．liveanddeath D．lifeordeath12．Ididn’tmean_____Curryyesterday.ItwaspouringwithrainsoIacceptedhisofferofalift.A．totrouble B．trouble C．troubling D．troubled13．IoftenseemyfriendsuseASAPwhenchattingonline.Whatdoesitmean,Simon?It“assoonaspossible”.A．standsup B．standsfor C．takesplace D．takesaway14．ThelettersNBAmeantheNationalBasketballAssociation.A．a(chǎn)re B．beeC．standfor D．instead15．—IsPaulincontrol________thissupermarket?—Yes.________oursurprise,hereallydoesagoodjob.A．of;With B．with;With C．of;To D．with;To16．________thescientists’hardwork,TiangongIIwaslaunched(發(fā)射)successfully.A．Asfor B．Thanksto C．Insteadof D．Incontrolof17．Weallknowtheimportanceof_______controlofourownlives.A．bein B．beingin C．tobein D．in18．Iexpectto_____afamoussupermarketinthefuture.A．incontrolof B．beincontrolofC．beinthecontrol D．inthecontrolof19．Icouldn'tbelievethatsuchanexpensivecarwas________andcrashedintoanothercar.A．withoutcontrolling B．outofcontrol C．underthecontrol20．ThetrafficinWuhanwillbelessbusy______moresubways.A．becauseof B．because C．incontrolo