浙江省天域聯(lián)盟高三下學期第二次聯(lián)考英語試題

20232024學年第二學期天域全國名校協(xié)作體聯(lián)考高三年級英語學科試題命題學校、審題學校：雙十中學、學軍中學、天一中學注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdotogether?A.Putthethingsaway. B.Cleanthebathroom. C.Sweepthefloor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Let’sgetthisplacecleanedup!It’sextremelymessyinhere.W:Iknow.Ihateit.Okay,whydon’tweputawayallthestufffirst?Thenit’llbeeasiertoclean.M:Goodplan.Afterthat,whydon’tItacklethebathroomandyoucandothefloor?2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersprobablygonext?A.JoeandMary’s. B.Agasstation. C.Arestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:DoyouthinkwecanmakeittoJoeandMary’sby7?M:Ihopeso.It’sonly5o’clocknowandwe’remakinggoodtime.W:Yesbutdon’tyouwanttostopsomewhereandgrababite?M:Iguessso.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whycan’tthewomanattendthedinnerparty?A.Sheisfeelingunwell.B.Shehastoworkovertime.C.SheneedstolookafterJake.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Eric,Ihatetobackoutattheeleventhhour,butI’mnotgoingtobeabletomakeittoyourdinnerpartytonight.M:Whatashame!Didsomethingeup?W:Jakefeelsundertheweatherandneedscare.M:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.Letmeknowifthere’sanythingIcandotohelp.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atawineshop. B.Atarestaurant. C.Athome.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodevening.CanIstartyouoffwithsomerefreshingdrink?W:Yes,please.I’llhaveicedtea.M:Alright.Areyoureadytoordernow?W:Waitamoment,please.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shesupportstheman.BThemanshouldfindanewjob.C.Itwouldbeuselessgoingbacktoschool.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mthinkingaboutgoingbacktoschool!Hittingthebooksagain.AmIcrazy?W:Well,asIliketosay,“Nopain,nogain!”Ifyou’regoingtogetabettersalaryatanewjobafterwards,thenwhynot?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whataccessorydoestheredbikehave?A.Adrinkholder. B.Abell. C.Alight.7.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A$300. B.$350. C.$500.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Arethosemountainbikes?W:Yeah,theystartat$300.M:Whatabouttheredone?W:Iteswithafewaccessorieslikethedrinkholderandthebasketfor$350.M:Seemsreasonable...Howaboutthiswhiteandblackone?W:Thisone’stopoftheline,40%offanditeswithallthebellsandwhistles.Itevenhasalight!Thediscountpriceis$500.We’llbuilditforyoutoday,readytorideout.M:Nice,I’llbebacktomorrowtopickitup.Here’smycard.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aseriousplaint. B.Apotentialclient. C.Aformercolleague.9.Whatmakesthesituationplicated?A.Theclienthastakenlegalaction.B.Tonydidn’thandoverhisworktoothers.C.Thepanyhaslostimportantfiles.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Matt,wejustgotanemailfromoneofourclients.Theywarnedthattheyareseekinglegalactionagainstus.M:That’sridiculous.Theyhaven’teventriedtosettlewithus.Infact,thisisthefirsttimeI’veheardaboutthecase.W:IwasjustcheckingthefilesandIfoundlettersfrom13monthsago.Tonymusthavebeenhandlingthisandafterheleftnooneseemstoknowwhat’sgoingon.M:NowweareinajambecauseTonydidn’thaveanyonetakeoverhismess.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodoatfirst?A.Findcarkeys. B.Takeabus. C.Checkhisschedule.11.Whatdidthemandolastweek?A.Hecrashedhiscarintoapolicecar.B.Hechangedhiscarinsurance.C.Hegottwospeedingtickets.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthecourse?A.It’sexpensive. B.It’s25hourlong. C.It’sanofflinecourse.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Honey.Wherearemykeystothecar?W:Here.Takethis.M:What’sthis?W:It’sthebusschedule.You’dbetterhurryoryou’llmissit.M:Whatdoyoumean?Iwanttodrivetowork.W:Well,youcan’t.You’vehadtwospeedingticketsoverthelastcouplemonths,andyouhadthatcaraccidentlastweek.M:Thatwasn’tmyfault.W:Really?Youranintoapolicecarsittingalongsidetheroadbecauseyouweredistractedwhiletextingonyourphone.AndwhenIcalledthecarinsurancetheotherday,theysaidourinsuranceratesaregoingupalot,especiallyifyoustayontheinsurance.M:Awhat?No.W:Youcanstillsaveusmoneyifyoutakeadefensivedrivingcourse.It’sonly$250forthe15hourclass.Andbearinmindthatthisisacoursethat’snotavailableonline.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhydidDannydecidetostarthisrecordingstudio?A.Toworkwithmusicians. B.Tomakealiving. C.Toreducecosts.14.WhatisinvolvedinDanny’sbusinessnow?A.Drawingcartoons.B.Recordingmercialmusic.C.Makinghisownpopalbums.15.WhatdoesDannyhavetodo?A.Advertisehisproductions.B.Produceallkindsofmusic.C.Dealwithwellknownmusicians.16.WhichofthefollowingisDanny’sstrength?A.Hisskillatmusicarrangement.B.Hisabilitytoemploynewtechniques.C.Hiscapabilitytomeetmarketneeds.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Todaywe’retalkingtoarecordproducer,DannyTaylor.WeleDanny.Yousetupyourownrecordingstudiowhenyouwere20.Whydidyoudothat?M:Iusedtoplaykeyboardsinanumberofdifferentbands.Ialsowrotesongsandrecordedafewwiththeideaofmakinganalbum.IthoughtthatifIhadmyownplace,Icouldgetmymaterialdonecheaply.W:Doyoumakeagoodlivingfromit?M:ThemusicindustryhaschangedconsiderablyovertheyearsandI’veobviouslyhadtoadapttosurvive—Idon’tjustrecordpopmusicanymore.Idowhatmightsoundlikeinterestingwork,recordingmusicforcartoonsandadverts,whichhelpsmekeepthestudiogoing.W:Wouldyousayyourjob’shard?M:Itcanbe.WithfamousartiststherearesomanythingsIhavetodotopleasethembeforethey’llgetdowntowork.W:Arethereaspectsofmusicproductionyou’reparticularlygoodat?M:Producersvary.Somearegreatatthetechnicalstuff,some,likeme,aregoodatarrangingmusic;otherscantellwhethersomethingthey’vewrittenwillbeamercialsuccessornot.Ithinkwhatbandsappreciate,though,isthesoundsIproduceandthefactthatmyproductionsstandoutfromotherstuffonthemarket.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whoarethelisteners?A.Constructionworkers. B.Collegestudents. C.Architects.18.Whatdidthespeakerexpecttodoafteruniversity?A.Teachengineeringcourses.B.Designtallbuildings.C.Workonaconstructionsite.19.Whatdidthespeakerlearnfromhisexperienceinconstruction?A.Thechancetoworkonvariousprojects.B.Theopportunitytodesignbuildings.C.Adeeperunderstandingofthetheories.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Unexpectedexperiencesinlifecanleadtovaluablegains.B.Universityeducationshapespeopleforthemostpart.C.Thefirstjobaftergraduationisveryimportant.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Helloeveryone.AlthoughImaynotappearassuchnow,afewyearsago,Iwasinthesamepositionasallofyou,attendinglecturesandpullingallnightersfortests.Ipursuedengineeringasmymajorhereandhadastrongpassionforit.However,lifehasawayofleadingusdownunexpectedpaths.Aftergraduating,Ifoundmyselfworkingintheconstructionindustry,whichwasnotexactlywhatIhadenvisionedwhenIdreamtofdesigninghighrisebuildings.Nevertheless,itprovidedmewithauniqueperspective.Igainedanunderstandingofthepracticalapplicationofthetheorieswelearnedinclass,witnessingfirsttimehowdecisionsmadeonpapercouldimpactthepeopleontheground.Duringoneparticularproject,weencounteredadesignerrorthatremainedunnoticeduntiltheconstructionprocessbegan.Thankstomyengineeringbackground,Iwasabletoidentifytheissueandproposeasolutionthatsavedbothtimeandmoney.Mymessageisthis:whileuniversityeducationprovidesasolidfoundation,itistherealworldexperiencesthattrulyshapeus.Donotfearifyourjourneytakesanunexpectedturn.Justlearnfromthem,andalwaysrememberthateveryexperience,whetherinaclassroomoronaconstructionsite,holdsvalue.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。ABuccleuchPlace/BuccleuchPlaceLaneOverviewBuccleuchPlace/BuccleuchPlaceLane,16&;713,BuccleuchPlace,Edinburgh,EH89LWBuccleuchPlaceprovidesamixofstandardstudybedroomswithinflats,eachwithsharedkitchen/livingspacesandbathroomfacilities.StandardsingleensuiteroomStandardroomwithensuitebathroom￡10,377peryearBATHROOM:EnsuiteCATERING:SelfcateredpropertyBILLS:Allutility（billsincludedthereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditionalcharges.TwinroomTwinroomwithsharedbathroomfacilities￡5,215peryearBATHROOM:SharedCATERING:SelfcateredpropertyBILLS:Allutilitybillsincludedthereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditionalcharges.StandardsingleroomStandardsingleroomwithsharedbathroomfacilities￡8,651peryearBATHROOM:SharedCATERING:SelfcateredpropertyBILLS:Allutilitybillsincludedthereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditionalcharges.Cleaningandhousekeeping?Staffonsitewillregularlycleanthelaundry,monroom,monroomtoilets,stairsandlifts.?Staffwillvisityourflatweeklyandassistyouinkeepingmonareasclean(kitchens,anysharedbathroomsandhallways).However,residentsshouldalsocleanbetweenvisits.?Residentsshouldclearrubbishandremovealrecyclingtothedesignatedareas:youarealsoresponsibleforkeepingyourownbedroomsandensuitebathroomsclean.?Pleasenotethatalouracmodationisnonsmoking,thisincludesecigarettes.21.Whichofthefollowingmightbetrueaboutastandardsingleensuiteroom?A.Itisthecheapestchoice. B.Itprovidesaprivatebathroom.C.Foodisincludedinthebill. D.Residentsdonotneedtopayanybills.22.AresidentintheBuccleuchPlace________.A.canhaveecigarettesinhisroom. B.onlyneedstocleanhisownbedroom.C.hasstaffvisitsonadailybasis. D.shouldremoverecyclingtospecificareas.23.Whichofthefollowingsectioncouldthispassagebepossiblyfound?A.Acmodation. B.Jobs. C.Finance. D.Courses.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要描述了位于BuccleuchPlace的住宿選擇，包括不同類型的房間、價格、設施和清潔服務等內容?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據Standardsingleensuiteroom部分中“Standardroomwithensuitebathroom￡10,377peryear(帶浴室的標準間每年10377英鎊)”可知，標準單人套間，提供一個私人浴室。故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“?Residentsshouldclearrubbishandremoveallrecyclingtothedesignatedareas:youarealsoresponsibleforkeepingyourownbedroomsandensuitebathroomsclean.(?居民應清理垃圾，并將所有可回收物品移至指定區(qū)域；你還應負責保持自己的臥室和浴室清潔)”可知，住在布克勒奇廣場的居民應該把可回收物移到特定的區(qū)域。故選D。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“BuccleuchPlaceprovidesamixofstandardstudybedroomswithinflats,eachwithsharedkitchen/livingspacesandbathroomfacilities.(BuccleuchPlace在公寓內提供了標準的學習臥室，每個臥室都有共享的廚房/起居空間和浴室設施)”以及文章主要描述了位于BuccleuchPlace的住宿選擇，包括不同類型的房間、價格、設施和清潔服務等內容可推知，文章選自“住宿”部分。故選A。BI’malwayscautiousofthetiredsaying,“Ifitdoesn’tkillyou,it’llmakeyoustronger.”Imean,whataboutpolio(小兒麻痹癥)?Orloadsofotherhorriblethingsthatifyousurvive,you’releftscarredinonewayoranother.FormanyyearsIworkedinaspecialistNHSclinicforpeoplewitheatingdisorders,whicharegreatlymisunderstoodandconnectedwithvanity(虛榮)wheninsteadit’susuallyaboutcontrolorevenprofoundtrauma(精神創(chuàng)傷).Eatingdisordershavethehighestmortalityofanymentalillness,withoneinfiveofthosewithaneatingdisorderdyingfromit.Treatmentforitislong,toughandtiring.So,it’sfairtosayit’snotsomethingtobetakenlightly.YetIwasoftensurprisedbyhowmanypatientspatientswithallsortsofotherconditionstoo,fromdepressiontocancerwouldtellmehowtheexperiencehadchangedthemforthebetterafterreceivingtreatment.It’snotsomuchthatwhatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyoustronger;more,itmightmakeyoumoreunderstandingofyourselfandmoresensitivetothebattlesandstrugglesofothers.Itcanalsogivepeopleasenseofdeterminationandperseverancetheyneverhadbefore.Ihadonepatientwhowasanaddictandalcoholicbesidessufferingeatingdisorder.Shewasfrequentlyrushedintohospitalandwassometimesatarealriskofdying.However,afteryearsofhardwork,shestoppeddrinking,stoppedusingdrugsandhereatingdisorderimproved.Shegotbackintoworkandstarteddoingseveralcoursestogetpromoted.Actually,shehadgonethroughnumerousintenseandexhaustinginterviewsbeforelandingajob,butshesaidwhenevershefeltshecouldn’thandleitordoubtedhercapabilities,sheremindedherselfthatnothingwouldeverbeworseorharderthanwhatshehadalreadygonethrough.Shemanagedtomakethemostofherlifeandturnherlifearound.24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheoldmantra?A.Alwaysapplicable. B.Totallyabsurd.C.Partiallyright. D.Quitemisleading.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2possiblymean?A.Thenumberofdeaths.B.Thepossibilityofbeingcured.C.Therateofgettingmentallyhurt.D.Thechanceofhavingmentalillness.26.Howdoestheexperienceinfluencepatientsaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Itleadstoachangeableattitude.B.Itmakesnonoticeabledifference.C.Itbuildsuptheirphysicalstrength.D.Itfostersselfawarenessandsympathy.27.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepatientmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Shecontinuedharmfulhabits. B.Shereliedonlyonmedication.C.Shealwaysbelievedinherself. D.Shebecamestrongerandtougher.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.D【解析】【導語】本文是議論文，主要論述了一名治療飲食功能失調癥的專家通過分享他的工作經歷，表達了自己對常見說法“如果疾病沒有殺死你，它會使你更強大”的看法?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“I’malwayscautiousofthetiredsaying（我總是對這句疲倦的話持謹慎態(tài)度）”可知，作者對這一說法持保留態(tài)度，A選項“總是適用的”，B選項“完全荒謬的”，C選項“部分正確的”，D選項的“十分讓人誤解的”，故選C。【25題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第二段中畫線詞的下文“Eatingdisordershavethehighestmortalityofanymentalillness,withoneinfiveofthosewithaneatingdisorderdyingfromit，（飲食功能失調癥是所有心理疾病中mortality最高的，五分之一患有飲食功能失調癥的人會死于這種疾病，）”可推斷劃線詞的意思應該是“死亡率”，故選A?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“It’snotsomuchthatwhatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyoustronger;more,itmightmakeyoumoreunderstandingofyourselfandmoresensitivetothebattlesandstrugglesofothers.（并不是說那些殺不死你的東西都會讓你變得更強大；更重要的是，它可能會讓你更加了解自己，對他人的斗爭和掙扎更加敏感。）”中的it指代上文提到的“theexperience”，這段經歷能培養(yǎng)自我意識和同情心。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“However,afteryearsofhardwork,shestoppeddrinking,stoppedusingdrugsandhereatingdisorderimproved.Shegotbackintoworkandstarteddoingseveralcoursestogetpromoted.Actually,shehadgonethroughnumerousintenseandexhaustinginterviewsbeforelandingajob,butshesaidwhenevershefeltshecouldn’thandleitordoubtedhercapabilities,sheremindedherselfthatnothingwouldeverbeworseorharderthanwhatshehadalreadygonethrough.Shemanagedtomakethemostofherlifeandturnherlifearound.（然而，經過多年的努力，她戒酒、戒毒，飲食失調也得到改善。她重新回到工作崗位，開始學習幾門課程以獲取晉升。事實上，在找到工作之前，她經歷了無數次緊張而疲憊的面試，但她說，每當她覺得自己無法應對或懷疑自己的能力時，她都會提醒自己，沒有什么比她已經經歷的更糟糕或更困難的了。通過。她成功地充分利用了自己的生活并扭轉了自己的生活。）”可知，事例中女病人在與吸毒、酗酒、飲食失調等做斗爭的過程中變得更有意志力、耐挫力，故選D。CForwantofachip,thefactorywaslost.OnMay18thToyotabecamethelatestcarmakerforcedtocutproductioninaglobalshortageofmicrochips,announcingitwouldstopworkattwoofitsplantsinJapan.Othercarmakershavealsohadtosendworkershome.Thepainisnotlimitedtothecarindustry,fortheshortagespansallsortsofchips,fromtheexpensive,hightechdevicesthatpowersmartphonesanddatacenterstothesimplesensorsandmicrocontrollersthathavebeeavitalmodity(商品).Thischipdroughtistheresultofthecovid19pandemicinteractingwithanindustrythatissubjecttocyclesofboomandbust.“Themostimportantthing”,saysMalcolmPenn,whorunsachipindustryconsultancy,“isthatshortagesareanaturalpartoftheindustry.”Chipmakingisagoodexampleofa“porkcycle”business,namedfortheregularswingsbetweenunderandoversupplyinporkmarkets.Aswithpigs,thesupplyofchipscannotquicklyreacttochangesindemand.Capacitywastightevenbeforethepandemic,saysMrPenn,pointingoutthatinvestmentbychipmakersinfactoryequipmenthasbeenbelowitslongtermaverageformanyyears.Thepandemicarrivedattheworstpossibletime.Afteranearlycrash,demandinseveralfieldsboomed.Lockeddownconsumersboughtlaptopsandotherdevices.Cloudputingoperatorsaddedserverstodealwiththewaveofhomeworkers.Thecarindustrywasparticularlybadlyhitbyadecisiontocutordersearlyinthepandemicdemandforcarshassincerecovered.Buttheplexitiesoftheproductionprocessmeanittakestimetorecover.“Icancancelmyordersinanafternoon,”saysMr.Penn.“IfIwanttostartthemupagain,thattakesmonthsandthatcapacityisnowbusyservingothercustomers.”Buttheporkcycleisturningonceagain.TaiwanSemiconductorManufacturingpany,theworld’sbiggestchipmaker,planstospend$30bnonnewcapacitythisyear.Twoothergiants,havealsodecidedonfurtherinvestment.Thatwillbringrelieftothewidereconomy,butnotimmediately.ThebossofIBMsaidhethoughttheshortagesmightlastfortwoyears.And,saysMrPenn,whenthedroughteventuallyends,chipmakersmayfindtheyfaceafamiliarproblemonabiggerscale:acapacityinvestmentinresponsetoseriousshortagestodaycouldwellmeanasizeablesurplus(過剩)tomorrow.28.Howdoestheauthorillustratethecyclicalnatureofchipmakinginparagraph3?A.Byreferringtoaquotation. B.Bymakingaparison.C.Bydrawingaconclusion. D.Bypresentinganargument.29.Whatmaytheinvestmentmentionedinparagraph5eventuallyleadto?A.Improvedsupplychainstability. B.Timelyassistancetothebusiness.C.Economicgrowthinrelatedsectors. D.Possiblefutureoversupplyofchips.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Productioncapacitywouldrecoversoon.B.Abinationofreasonsledtochipshortage.C.AninvestmentofS30bnwasenoughfortheproblem.D.Toyotawasthefirstcarmakertosuspendproduction.31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Loading,pleasewait B.Dying,pleaseactC.Calling,pleaserespond D.Oversupplying,pleasestop【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文探討了全球芯片短缺對汽車工業(yè)和其他領域的影響，特別強調了疫情與產業(yè)周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投資對未來芯片供應的影響?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段““Themostimportantthing”,saysMalcolmPenn,whorunsachipindustryconsultancy,“isthatshortagesareanaturalpartoftheindustry.”Chipmakingisagoodexampleofa“porkcycle”business,namedfortheregularswingsbetweenunderandoversupplyinporkmarkets.Aswithpigs,thesupplyofchipscannotquicklyreacttochangesindemand.Capacitywastightevenbeforethepandemic,saysMrPenn,pointingoutthatinvestmentbychipmakersinfactoryequipmenthasbeenbelowitslongtermaverageformanyyears.(“最重要的是，”經營一家芯片行業(yè)咨詢公司的馬爾科姆?佩恩說，“短缺是這個行業(yè)的一個自然組成部分?！毙酒圃焓恰柏i肉周期”的一個很好的例子，以豬肉市場供應不足和供應過剩之間的定期波動命名。與豬肉供應一樣，芯片的供應無法迅速對需求變化做出反應。佩恩表示，即使在疫情爆發(fā)之前，產能也很緊張。他指出，芯片制造商對工廠設備的投資多年來一直低于長期平均水平)”可知，作者通過比較說明芯片制造的周期性。故選B?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段“And,saysMrPenn,whenthedroughteventuallyends,chipmakersmayfindtheyfaceafamiliarproblemonabiggerscale:acapacityinvestmentinresponsetoseriousshortagestodaycouldwellmeanasizeablesurplus(過剩)tomorrow.(佩恩表示，當嚴重短缺最終結束時，芯片制造商可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們在更大范圍內面臨一個熟悉的問題：為應對今天的嚴重短缺而進行的產能投資，很可能意味著明天會出現(xiàn)相當大的過剩)”可知，第5段提到的投資最終會導致未來可能出現(xiàn)的芯片供過于求。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Thischipdroughtistheresultofthecovid19pandemicinteractingwithanindustrythatissubjecttocyclesofboomandbust.(這種芯片短缺是新冠疫情與受繁榮與蕭條周期影響的行業(yè)相互作用的結果)”可知，多種原因導致了芯片短缺。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Forwantofachip,thefactorywaslost.OnMay18thToyotabecamethelatestcarmakerforcedtocutproductioninaglobalshortageofmicrochips,announcingitwouldstopworkattwoofitsplantsinJapan.Othercarmakershavealsohadtosendworkershome.(由于缺少芯片，工廠歇業(yè)了。5月18日，豐田公司宣布將停止其在日本的兩家工廠的生產，成為最新一家因全球芯片短缺而被迫減產的汽車制造商。其他汽車制造商也不得不讓工人回家)”結合本文探討了全球芯片短缺對汽車工業(yè)和其他領域的影響，特別強調了疫情與產業(yè)周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投資對未來芯片供應的影響。可知，A選項“正在裝載中，請稍等”最符合文章標題。故選A。DInrecentyears,aggressiononsocialmediahavebeemonplace.Morethanhalfofthevictimssaidtheydidn’tknowtheidentityoftheperpetrator(作惡者).Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhumannature?Areweatourcoreaggressivebeasts?It’struethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsappeartobegrowing.Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.Asanevolutionaryanthropologist,Ihavespentyearsresearchingourtransformationasaspecies.Overthepasttwomillionyears,wehaveevolvedfromgroupsofapelikebeingsarmedwithsticksandstonestothecreatorsofcars,rockets,andnations.Ourbiggerbrainshaveallowedustobondandcooperateinmoreplexanddiversewaysthananyotheranimal.Meanwhile,“youarewhomyoumeet.”Howweperceive,experience,andactintheworldisshapedbywhoandwhatsurroundusonadailybasis.Thisprocesshasdeepevolutionaryrootsandgiveshumanswhatwecallasharedreality.Iwouldarguethattheriseinonlineaggressionisaproductofourevolutionarysocialskills,thesocialmediaboom,andthespecificpolitical,economicandsocialcontextwherewefindourselves.Thisexplosivebinationhasopenedupaspaceforincreasinglymorepeopletofantheflamesofaggressionandinsultonline.Aggressivebehaviorespeciallytothoseyoudon’thavetoconfrontfacetofaceiseasierthanit’severbeen.Andfortheaggressor,thereareoftennoconsequences.Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraphtworeferto?A.Hatecrimesontherise. B.Growingpoliticaldivisions.C.Considerableonlinebitterness. D.Thetransformationofhumans.33.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsocialmedia?A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Approving. D.Ironic.34.Whatdoestheauthorproposetoaddresstheissueofgrowingaggression?A.Embracingouraggressivenaturetopeteintoday’sworld.B.Strengtheninglawstoholdperpetratorsresponsiblefortheironlineactions.C.Promotingpositivebehaviorsandinteractionsinbothreallifeanddigitalspaces.D.Focusingonlyonreducinganonymityontheinternettoreduceoffensivebehavior.35.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.B.Theinfluenceofevolutiononourbehavior.C.Thereasonsbehindrisingonlineaggression.D.Thefactorsinthesocialmediadevelopment.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導語】本文是議論文。本文論述了網上霸凌或其他攻擊性言行增加的原因，是人類殘忍的本性使然，還是社交媒體的過錯?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中“Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhumannature?Areweatourcoreaggressivebeasts?It’struethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsappeartobegrowing.Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.(社交媒體上日益增長的攻擊性是否讓我們看到了真正的人性？我們本質上是好斗的野獸嗎？的確，仇恨犯罪正在上升，政治分歧似乎也在擴大。公眾的痛苦程度——尤其是在網上——是相當高的。)”可知，that指上文公眾相當高的痛苦程度。A.Hatecrimesontherise仇恨犯罪呈上升趨勢；B.Growingpoliticaldivisions日益嚴重的政治分歧；C.Considerableonlinebitterness相當多的網絡痛苦；D.Thetransformationofhumans人類的轉變。故選C。33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據一段中“Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.(大多數人認為，互聯(lián)網的匿名性為惡劣和騷擾行為提供了掩護。)”和第二段中“Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.(公眾的痛苦程度——尤其是在網上——是相當高的。但我不相信這是因為社交媒體釋放了我們殘忍的人性。)”可知，雖然很多人認為網絡的匿名性為網上攻擊性行為提供了遮掩，作者不這么認為，然后客觀論述了背后的原因。所以作者對社交媒體的態(tài)度還是比較公正客觀的。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.(是的，這個世界似乎變得越來越好斗，但這并不是因為我們內心更好斗。這是因為我們沒有站出來反對欺凌、虐待和侵略性的騷擾，沒有提倡當代世界所要求的親社會態(tài)度和行動。無論是面對面還是在社交媒體上，我們都必須做到這兩點。)”可知，不管是線上還是線下，整個社會之所以變得越來越有攻擊性，不是因為我們本性好斗好攻擊，而是因為一直以來我們沒有勇敢地站出來與這些攻擊性行為做斗爭，所以作者提倡線上線下我們都應有積極的言行和互動。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是通過第一段“Inrecentyears,aggressiononsocialmediahavebeemonplace.Morethanhalfofthevictimssaidtheydidn’tknowtheidentityoftheperpetrator(作惡者).Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.(近年來，社交媒體上的攻擊性已經變得司空見慣。超過一半的受害者說他們不知道行兇者的身份。大多數人認為，互聯(lián)網的匿名性為惡劣和騷擾行為提供了掩護。)”引入話題：網上攻擊性言行的增加，很多人認為始作俑者是網絡本身。第二段中“ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.(但我不相信這是因為社交媒體釋放了我們殘忍的人性。)”作者提出是不是因為人類本性好斗呢？他不認為是社交媒體釋放了我們的本性，接著概括了三個原因：人類進化出的社交特性，網絡媒體的繁榮，各種政治、經濟和社會環(huán)境的影響。最后一段“Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.(是的，這個世界似乎變得越來越好斗，但這并不是因為我們內心更好斗。這是因為我們沒有站出來反對欺凌、虐待和侵略性的騷擾，沒有提倡當代世界所要求的親社會態(tài)度和行動。無論是面對面還是在社交媒體上，我們都必須做到這兩點。)”作者呼吁大家行動起來，與這些攻擊性言行作斗爭。綜上，作者主要探討了日益增長的網絡攻擊行為背后的原因，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。We’veallexperiencedthesenseofuneasethattheendofaholidayweekendoftenbrings.____36____Mondaymorningafteraholidayweekendrepresentsapsychologicalshiftfromfreedomandrelaxationtopressureandobligations.Ourmindsandbodies,accustomedtotherhythm