Unit3（知識(shí)清單）-2024-2025學(xué)年英語(yǔ)五年級(jí)上冊(cè)單元速記巧練（人教PEP版）

Unit3Whatwouldyoulike?知識(shí)歸納知識(shí)歸納語(yǔ)音字母組合ow在單詞中的發(fā)音：發(fā)/a?/音,如:cow,flower,wow,down。發(fā)/??/音,如:slow,snow,yellow,window。必記單詞四會(huì)sandwich三明治 salad蔬菜沙拉；混合沙拉 hamburger漢堡包tea茶;茶水 fresh新鮮的;剛摘的 healthy健康的delicious美味的;可口的 hot辣的；辛辣的 sweet含糖的;甜的三會(huì)drink喝;飲 thirsty渴的;口渴的 favourite特別喜愛的food食物 Dear(用于信函抬頭的名字或頭銜前)親愛的onion洋蔥;蔥頭常考短語(yǔ)beefnoodles牛肉面 orangejuice橙汁 favouritefood最喜歡的食物fishsandwiches魚肉三明治 noproblem沒問(wèn)題 becareful小心tomatosoup西紅柿湯 cleanthevegetables清洗蔬菜 looknice看上去不錯(cuò)atthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng) icecream冰激凌必會(huì)句型1.詢問(wèn)對(duì)方想要吃或喝什么的句型及答語(yǔ)：—Whatwouldyouliketoeat/drink?—I'dlike+食物/飲品.—Whatwouldyouliketoeat?你想吃什么?—Asandwich,please.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)三明治?！猈hatwouldyouliketodrink?你想喝什么?—I'dlikesomewater.我想喝點(diǎn)水。2.詢問(wèn)對(duì)方最喜歡什么東西的句型及答語(yǔ)：—What'syourfavourite+名詞?—名詞./Myfavourite+名詞+is/are.../...is/aremyfavourite.../Ilike...best.—What'syourfavouritefood?你最喜歡的食物是什么?—Noodles./Myfavouritefoodischicken.面條。/我最喜歡的食物是雞肉。3.描述食物味道的句型：主語(yǔ)+is/are+描述食物味道的形容詞.They'redelicious.它們很好吃。核心語(yǔ)法1.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則：一般可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，在詞尾加s或es。noodle→noodles,box→boxes,potato→potatoes,sandwich→sandwiches2.some和any的用法:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。I'dlikesomemilk.我想要一些牛奶。Doyouhaveanypens?你有鋼筆嗎?3.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)句由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，一般用來(lái)詢問(wèn)具體情況。What'syourfavouritedrink?你最喜歡的飲料是什么?Wheredoyouplayfootball?你在哪里踢足球?考點(diǎn)速記考點(diǎn)速記[考點(diǎn)1]可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則II’dlikesomenoodles.我想要一些面條。Asandwich,please.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)三明治。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(一)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化1.一般在名詞詞尾加“s”(清輔音后讀/s/，濁輔音和元音后讀/z/)。例:map→maps地圖 bird→birds鳥2.以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞加“es”(讀/iz/)。例:box→boxes盒子 class→classes班級(jí) watch→watches手表 dish→dishes盤子3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞,要先將y改為i再加“es”。例:city→cities城市 body→bodies身體以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞直接加“s”。例:monkey→monkeys猴子 holiday→holidays假期4.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,要將f或fe改為v,再加“es”。例:half→halves一半 knife→knives刀5.以“輔音字母+o”結(jié)尾的名詞，有生命力的加“es”；無(wú)生命力的加“s”。例:potato→potatoes土豆(有生命力) photo→photos照片(無(wú)生命力)以“元音字母+o”結(jié)尾的名詞后面加“s”。例:radio→radios收音機(jī) zoo→zoos動(dòng)物園(二)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1.child→children孩子 foot→feet腳 man→men男人 woman→women女人 tooth→teeth牙齒2.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞例:sheep綿羊fish魚(幾條魚復(fù)數(shù)為fish,幾種魚為fishes。)3.集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)含義。例:people人 police警察提分練一、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Icanseethree________inthezoo.A.monkeys B.monkeies C.monkey()2.Themonsterhasfour________.A.foot B.feet C.foots()3.Mytwobrothersare________.A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen()4.Icanseeten________inthepicture.A.sheep B.dog C.pig()5.The________hasthree________.A.boys;watches B.boy;watch C.boy;watches提分練二、選詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，補(bǔ)全短文。(每詞限用一次)photohamburgertomatonoodlesaladeandhavelunchwithus.First,letmetakesome1.________ofthefood.IwillsendthemtomyWeChatMoments(朋友圈).Look,Ihavebeef2.________.Theyaredelicious.Diandianhasahamburger.3.________arehisfavouritefood.Huahuahassome4.________.It'shealthy.Wealsohavesome5.________.Theyaresofresh.Doyouwanttoe?[考點(diǎn)2]some與any的用法II’dlikesomewater.我想要一些水。I’dlikesomenoodles.我想要一些面條。some與any的用法及區(qū)別some和any作為限定詞或代詞，可以用來(lái)說(shuō)明或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，表示不定量，意為“一些”。其區(qū)別是：some一般用在肯定句中，any一般用在否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句中。如：Ihavesomenewbooks.我有一些新書。Doyouhaveanytomatoes?你有西紅柿嗎?Wedon'thaveanyeggs.Let'sbuysome.我們沒有雞蛋了。我們買一些吧。當(dāng)說(shuō)話人有請(qǐng)求或建議語(yǔ)氣并想得到對(duì)方的肯定回答時(shí)，some可用在一般疑問(wèn)句中。如：Wouldyoulikesomejuice?你想要來(lái)點(diǎn)果汁嗎?CanIhavesomeicecream?我可以吃一些冰激凌嗎?any修飾或指代名詞，表示“任何一個(gè)”，用在肯定句中。如：Anystudentcanplaypingpongwithme.任何學(xué)生都可以和我打乒乓球。提分練一、用some或any填空。1.Icansee________birdsinthetree.2.Thereisn't________waterinmybottle.Pleasegiveme________.3.—Arethere________boysinthepark?—No,butthereare________girlsinit.4.—WhichonecanItake?—Youmaytake________oneofthem.5.—Wouldyoulike________juice?—No.I'dlike________tea.6.Ididn'teat________meat.7.—CanIgotoDisneylandagain?—Sure.Youcangoat________time.8.—Doyouhave________storybooks?—No,Idon'thave________.ButIhave________sciencebooks.9.Ihavemanypencils.________arered.________aregreen.10.—MayIaskyou________questions,MissDe?—Sure.11.Ihave________newpens,butmybrotherdoesn'thave________.提分練二、按要求完成句子。1.Huahuawouldlikesomehamburgers.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________________________________________________________2.Thereisatomatoonthetable.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)________________________________________________________3.Ihavesomebeefnoodles.(改為否定句)________________________________________________________4.Doyouwanttobuyanyicecream?(改為肯定句)________________________________________________________5.Whatwouldyoulikefordinner?(用somerice寫完整答語(yǔ))________________________________________________________6.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?(根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答問(wèn)題)________________________________________________________[考點(diǎn)3]特殊疑問(wèn)句Whatwouldyouliketoeat?Whatwouldyouliketoeat?你想吃什么？Whatwouldyouliketodrink?你想喝什么？一、特殊疑問(wèn)句的用法特殊疑問(wèn)句通常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)具體情況，如某人做了什么事、事情發(fā)生在什么時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)等。特殊疑問(wèn)句常由what(什么),who(誰(shuí)),whose(誰(shuí)的),which(哪個(gè)),when(何時(shí)),why(為什么),where(哪里),how(怎樣;如何),howmany/much(多少),howold(多大)等疑問(wèn)詞或疑問(wèn)詞組引導(dǎo),如:What'syourfavouritefood?你最喜歡的食物是什么?二、特殊疑問(wèn)句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)提問(wèn)句子的主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的修飾詞時(shí)，用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Wholikesmaths?誰(shuí)喜歡數(shù)學(xué)?Whosedressispurple?誰(shuí)的裙子是紫色的?當(dāng)提問(wèn)句子的其他成分時(shí)，它的句型結(jié)構(gòu)一般為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?”。如：Whereareyoufrom?你來(lái)自哪里?Whatcolourdoyoulike?你喜歡什么顏色?三、特殊疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)特殊疑問(wèn)句根據(jù)具體問(wèn)題來(lái)回答。如：—Whoishe?他是誰(shuí)?—He'smyfather.他是我的父親。四、常見的疑問(wèn)詞或疑問(wèn)詞組及用法疑問(wèn)詞(組)用法示例what(什么)對(duì)事物或職業(yè)提問(wèn)Whatisthat?那是什么?Whatdoesyourfatherdo?你的爸爸是做什么的?who(誰(shuí))對(duì)“人”提問(wèn)Whoisthatgirl?那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?whose(誰(shuí)的)對(duì)物品歸屬進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whosebookisthis?這是誰(shuí)的書?which(哪個(gè))既可以對(duì)人提問(wèn)，也可以對(duì)物提問(wèn)Whichgirlisyoursister?哪個(gè)女孩是你的姐姐?Whichseasondoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)?when(何時(shí))對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)。對(duì)具體時(shí)刻提問(wèn)也可用whattime—When/Whattimedoyougotoschool?你什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?—A+7:00.在七點(diǎn)。why(為什么)對(duì)原因提問(wèn)Whydoyoulikesummer?你為什么喜歡夏天?where(哪里)對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)Whereareyounow?你現(xiàn)在在哪里?how(怎樣；如何)對(duì)狀態(tài)、程度、方式等提問(wèn)Howareyou?你身體如何?howmany/much(多少)howmany用于提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量;howmuch用于提問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，還可用于提問(wèn)價(jià)格Howmanysandwicheswouldyoulike?你想要幾個(gè)三明治?Howmuchsaladdoyouwant?你想要多少沙拉?Howmuchisthefish?魚多少錢?提分練一、用合適的疑問(wèn)詞填空，補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。1.—________doyouhaveonFriday?—WehaveChineseandEnglish.2.—________doyouhavebreakfast?—At7:00.3.—________isyourmother?—Sheisverywell.4.—________areyoufrom?—We'refromChina.5.—________isthetallgirl?—Sheismysister.提分練二、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.—Whatarethose?—________A.They'remine. B.Theyarepencilboxes. C.Theyareblue.()2.—________arethepants?—They're98yuan.A.Howmuch B.Howmany C.Howold()3.—Whatisyourfatherlike? —________A.Helikesbooks. B.Heisadriver. C.Heiskind.()4.—________ricedoyouhave?—Twobags.A.How B.Howmany C.Howmuch()5.—________doyoulikeautumn?—BecauseIliketheredleavesinautumn.A.When B.What C.Why提分練三、連詞成句。1.is,the,winter,weather,how,in(?)________________________________________________________2.many,how,garden,are,in,there,flowers,the(?)________________________________________________________3.do,often,on,what,you,the,do,weekend(?)________________________________________________________4.which,does,eat,hamburger,to,want,he(?)________________________________________________________5.favourite,what's,book,your(?)________________________________________________________提分練A.IlikeitA.Ilikeitverymuch.B.MyfavouritesubjectisEnglish.C.Shegoestobedat9:00.D.It'sLucy's.E.Acupofjuice,please.()1.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?()2.Howdoyoulikethesoup?()3.Whosebookisthis?()4.Whendoesyoursistergotobed?()5.Whichsubjectisyourfavourite?提分練五、對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)。1.Theyaresittingonthegrass.________________________________________________________2.IwatchTVintheafternoon.________________________________________________________3.IgoswimmingonSaturday.________________________________________________________4.IrideabikeonSunday.________________________________________________________5.Diandianhasfourclassesinthemorning.________________________________________________________提分練六、根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答問(wèn)題。1.Howoldisyourmother?________________________________________________________2.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?________________________________________________________3.Whoisyourfavouriteteacher?________________________________________________________4.Whendoyougotoschool?________________________________________________________5.Whatdoyouliketodointheevening?________________________________________________________參考答案(1)可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則一、1.A解析：monkey的復(fù)數(shù)形式是monkeys。2.B解析：foot的復(fù)數(shù)形式是feet。3.C解析：policeman的復(fù)數(shù)形式是policemen。4.A解析：ten意為“十”,后面要跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。sheep單復(fù)數(shù)同形，故選A。5.C解析：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是has，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。three意為“三”，后面要跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,watch的復(fù)數(shù)形式是watches。二、1.photos解析：根據(jù)下一句中的“sendthemtomyWeChatMoments.”,可知此處選擇photo;some后需用其復(fù)數(shù)形式photos。2.noodles解析：根據(jù)下一句“Theyaredelicious.”可知此處填復(fù)數(shù)形式；又因前面的beef，可知用noodles。3.Hamburgers解析：根據(jù)前一句“Diandianhasahamburger.”可知,此處選擇hamburger;又因are與名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，此空位于句子的開頭,故答案為Hamburgers。4.salad解析：根據(jù)“It’shealthy.”可知,此處在some后應(yīng)為不可數(shù)名詞,故選salad。5.tomatoes解析：用排除法及后面的fresh可知此處選tomato，some后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填tomatoes。(2)some與any的用法一、1.some解析：該句子為肯定句,且birds是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填some。2.any;some解析：前一句為否定句,用any。后一句為肯定句,且省略了water,water是不可數(shù)名詞,前面用some。3.any;some解析：一般疑問(wèn)句中用any,肯定句中用some。4.any解析：anyoneofthem意為“它們中的任何一個(gè)”。5.some;some解析：“Wouldyoulike…?”屬于提出委婉的請(qǐng)求，想得到肯定答復(fù)，故用some。tea是不可數(shù)名詞,前面用some。6.any解析：否定句中用any。7.any解析：“atanytime”表示“在任何時(shí)間”。8.any;any;some9.Some;Some10.some解析：當(dāng)說(shuō)話人有請(qǐng)求或建議語(yǔ)氣并想得