《課時(shí)把關(guān)練》英語選擇性必修第四冊(cè)RJUNIT 1 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION第課時(shí)把關(guān)練PartIReadingandThinking基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.I’vemadeanappointmentwithMarytolendhermysciencef（小說）.2.Besidessalary，theemployeesinthefirmwillgetaSpringFestivalb（獎(jiǎng)金）everyyear.3.Itisridiculousthatheisregardedasamanofi（誠實(shí)正直）andhighprofessionalcompetence.4.Itiswidelyrumouredthatthesaleswomanwasd（解雇）becauseshewasfoundguilty.5.Thesaleswomanmovedtoajobwithahighers（薪水）.6.Thesaleswomanwaspaintinghern（指甲）whenthebosscamein，soshewasdismissed.7.Shehasana（約會(huì)）withheraccountant，whoisawomanofthehighestintegrity.8.Thebossd（宣布）thathewouldgiveMaryariseinsalarybecauseofherexcellentperformance.9.WhenIcameintotheoldman’sroom，Isawapicturewass（懸掛）onanailonthewall.10.Insteadoflosingd（尊嚴(yán)），youwouldgaintherespectforbravelyadmittingyourmistakes.Ⅱ.用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空testout，morelike，experimentwith，have/makeanappointmentwith，ontheotherhand，turnaround，thesameas，falloff，similarto，pushaway1.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinesthosedescribedinthissciencefiction.2.Themanontheladder，andIrecognizedhimasaformerclassmate.3.Scientistsratsinordertodiscoverfactsabouthumanbehaviour.4.Thestudentstheircost-cuttingideasinseveralcompanies.5.Whatshewrotewasalovestorythanasciencefiction.6.Thesaleswomanhesitatedforamomentbutsoonwhatlittleuneaseshehadabouttheidea.7.Asfarasweknow，youmustphonehisassistantinadvanceifyouwanttotheexpert.8.Ihadtoremindmyselfthatbeingconfidentisnotbeingperfect!9.Artmuseumexhibits，，wouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthatthereissomethingoutoftheirunderstanding.10.Whenearlyautumncame，theleavesbegantothetrees.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Ifelt（guilt）asaparentwhenthosebiginnocenteyeslookedatmewithconfusion.2.Attheexit，thecoldwindremindedhimhisgloves.3.Thekindergartenteachertookthecryingchildherarmsandcomfortedhimwithanurseryrhyme.4.It’sagreatpitythatIhavetocanceltheSundaybookstore（appoint）withyou.5.MenciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilarthoseofConfucius.6.Incomparisonlastyear，thepriceofseedhasincreased.Ⅳ.練通句型【一句多譯】1.任何違反法律的人都會(huì)受到法律的嚴(yán)懲。①willbepunishedseverelybythelaw.（主語從句）②willbepunishedseverelybythelaw.（定語從句）2.這個(gè)善良的女人每天都把照顧這個(gè)被遺棄的孩子當(dāng)作自己的職責(zé)。①Thekindwomanmadeherdutyeveryday.（動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語）②Thekindwomanthedesertedchildeveryday.（it作形式賓語）3.隨著很多問題的出現(xiàn)，他不知道下一步該做什么了。①，hewasatalosswhattodonext.（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）②，hewasatalosswhattodonext.（as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句）【句式升級(jí)】4.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman，anditwasdisturbing.→.（改為復(fù)合句）5.Mr.Smith，whoisakind-heartedandexperienceddoctor，islovedandrespectedbylocalpeople.→.（精煉為簡(jiǎn)單句）V.教材語法填空Larry’swifeClairedidn’tagreeatfirstthatTony，ahouseholdrobot1.（produce）byLarry’scompany，wouldbetestedoutbyher，especiallywhenherhusbandwasonabusinesstrip.2.（eventual），sheacceptedbecauseherhusbandconvincedherthattherobotcouldpreventher3.（harm）.Butthenextday，ClairefeltparticularlyembarrassedbyTony’sbehaviour，whichwas4.（annoy）.Astime5.（go）by，themoreTonyhelpedClaire，6.moreshebegantotrustandadmirehim.TonyshowedsympathyforClaire，7.（help）herimproveherimage，makeherhomemoreelegantanddealwithtoughproblems.8.wassurprisingwasthatTonysavedClaireinanemergency.ShefeltthewarmthofTonyandthetwomightfallinlove9.eachother，whichresultedinTony’s10.（unwilling）toleave.能力提升練VI.

閱讀理解A??LiuJichen，23，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal，userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI（ArtificialIntelligence），userscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninpoorruralareas.??Liuandhisteam，togetherwithotherorgani-zations，launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear.Ithassweptover1，017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollectivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions（碳排放）by3，337tons.??“Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste，”Liuthought.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates，theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100，000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018，themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct.16，WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.??“Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit，”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal，butnow，themini-programhasmorethan9millionregisteredusers，accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencouragingthemtocherish（珍惜）theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift（節(jié)約），”Liuadded.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A.Itaimstoputanendtowasteandencouragethrift.B.Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C.Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3，337tons.D.Itisanexchangeofnotwastingfoodforrewards.2.WhatchallengedidLiuandhisteamface?A.Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B.Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C.Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D.Theyhaddifficultygatheringenoughsamples.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A.Optimisticanddemanding. B.Generousandresponsible.C.Talentedandhumorous. D.Creativeanddetermined.4.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport.C.Abookreview. D.Atextbook.BAbabysealrobotfromJapanhascometotheU.S.It’sbeensoldinJapanforseveralyears，butnowthecompanyhascreatedaFlorida-basedunit，ParoRobotsU.S.Inc.，tosellthecreaturetoplaceslikenursinghomesandhospitals.Therobot，namedParo，ismarketedasatherapeutic（治療的）devicethatcanhelpcomfortpeoplewhohaveproblemsthatcanleadtosocialisolation（隔離）.TakanoriShibata，aJapaneseengineer，inventedParo.Hesaystherobot，whichweighsabout6pounds，isabletorespondtotouch，light，andsound.Shibatasayshetriedmakingroboticcatsanddogs，butthatpeopledidn’tfindthoseconvincing.“Theyexpectedtoomuch，”hesays，andwouldcomparetherobottorealanimalstheyhadknown.Fewpeoplehaveeverseenalivebabyseal，sotheyaren’tlikelytodrawcomparisonsbetweentherobotandtherealthing.SotheyacceptParoasacutelittlecompanion.TheVinsonHallRetirementCommunityinMcLeanheldarecenteventtoshowcasetherobotandVirginiaLongslowlycameintotheactivityroom.Whenanurseputtherobotonherlap，itbegantoshakeslightly，andLongtalkedtoitgently.“Whyareyoushaking?Areyoucold?”sheasked.Therobotmadeahighsound，andLonglaughed.Shesaidsheusedtohaveacat，“butsomebodystolehim.”“Pettingasealisunusual，”shesaid，“butalotofpeoplehavestrangeanimals.”Butsomeexpertssayarobotisnoreplacementforarealanimal.“Oneofthethingsthatwe’velearnedisthatitistheunexpectedandnaturalbehaviourofthelivingcreaturethataddssomuchvaluetopeople’sexperience.Anykindofnewnesscangettheattentionofpeoplewhoarelonelyandbored，butthatdoesn’tnecessarilyhelpthemliveameaningfullife.Itdoesn’tsolvetheproblemthatisreallycausingtheirlackofenjoymentoflife，”saysBillThomas，aprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland，BaltimoreCounty.5.WhatistheroleofParo?A.Tolookafterbabyseals. B.Togiverelieftopatients.C.Toreplacehome-raisedpets. D.Toprovidemedicalexaminations.6.Howdidpeoplefeelaboutroboticcats?A.Disappointed. B.Astonished. C.Concerned. D.Amused.7.WhatwasLong’sreactiontoParo?A.Sherefusedtogetclosetoit. B.Sheshoweditmuchaffection.C.Sheregardeditashernewcat. D.Shewasfrightenedtotalktoit.8.WhatdoBillThomas’swordssuggestaboutParo?A.Itisofgreatvaluetopeople. B.Itisnotofgreatuseinsolvingrealproblems.C.Itfailstocatcholderpeople’sinterest. D.Itcantaketheplaceofalivingcreature.VII.

完形填空IoncecoachedvolleyballforagroupofkidsfortheSpecialOlympics.OneparticularTuesdaynight，afterwarmingup，thekidsbegantheir1.Brianwassittinginthe2byhimself，asusual，3betweenwatchingtheotherkidsandrestinghisheadonhisknees.Hisfamily4greatlywithwhattheyreferredtoashis“condition”.5，thiscausedhimalotofangerandsadness.Witha6abilitytofullyunderstandanddealwiththenegativityinhislife，Brianoften7andwouldn’tcommunicatewithothers.WorkingwithBrianeachweek，IknewIhadtobe8.OnthisparticularTuesdaynight，asIhaddonesomanytimesbefore，Isimplytoldhimthatwe’dlovetohavehim9us，andmademywaytotheotherkids.Asvolleyballlesson10，IsawBriancomeoutofhiscornerandmovecloser，11inthefuntheotherkidswerehaving.Hesitantly，he12meandaskedifhecouldplay.Onthisnight，Brianhadfinallydecidedtomovepasthis13andtakepartinthefun.AttheendofthatTuesdaynight，asIwatchedBrianandtheotherkidsleavethevolleyballcourt14，IknewthatIwasmakingatleastasmall15inthesekids’lives.1.A.discussions B.studies C.moves D.preparations2.A.chair B.corner C.darkness D.crowds3.A.exploring B.comparing C.emerging D.alternating4.A.struggled B.competed C.agreed D.integrated5.A.Naturally B.Obviously C.Literally D.Unfortunately6.A.limited B.unique C.remarkable D.permanent7.A.lookeddown B.shutdown C.sloweddown D.calmeddown8.A.strict B.accurate C.patient D.efficient9.A.join B.help C.choose D.support10.A.ceased B.started C.suspended D.progressed11.A.hidden B.engaged C.interested D.involved12.A.excited B.hugged C.approached D.encountered13.A.anger B.fear C.pride D.doubt14.A.behind B.together C.fast D.late15.A.contribution B.promise C.chance D.difference課時(shí)把關(guān)練PartIReadingandThinking參考答案Ⅰ.1.fiction2.bonus3.integrity4.dismissed5.salary6.nails7.appointment8.declared9.suspended10.dignityⅡ.1.similarto2.turnedaround3.experimentedwith4.testedout5.morelike6.pushedaway7.have/makeanappointmentwith8.thesameas9.ontheotherhand10.falloffⅢ.1.guilty句意：當(dāng)那對(duì)天真無邪的大眼睛困惑地看著我時(shí)，作為家長我感到很愧疚。連系動(dòng)詞feel后用形容詞，guiltyadj.愧疚的。2.of句意：在出口處，寒風(fēng)使他想起了他的手套。remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某物。3.in句意：幼兒園老師把這個(gè)哭泣的孩子抱在懷中并用童謠安慰他。takesb.inone’sarms把某人擁在懷里。4.appointment句意：很遺憾，我不得不取消與你的星期天書店約會(huì)。所填的詞作賓語，所以用名詞形式。5.to句意：孟子是一位思想家，他的學(xué)說與孔子的非常相似。besimilarto和……相似。6.to/with句意：與去年相比，種子的價(jià)格上漲了。incomparisonto/with與……相比。Ⅳ.1.①Whoeverbreaksthelaw②Anyonewhobreaksthelawwhoever引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，意義相當(dāng)于anyonewho，意為“任何人……都”，“不管是誰……都”。2.①lookingafterthedesertedchild此處用動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語，構(gòu)成makesth.one’sduty結(jié)構(gòu)。②madeitherdutytolookafterit作形式賓語，動(dòng)詞不定式短語是真正的賓語。3.①Withmanyproblemsarising“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。②Asmanyproblemsaroseas引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。4.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman，whichwasdisturbing.which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子。5.Mr.Smith，akind-heartedandexperienceddoctor，islovedandrespectedbylocalpeople.句中akind-heartedandexperienceddoctor作Mr.Smith的同位語。V.1.produced此處是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾ahouse-holdrobot，故填produced。2.Eventually修飾句子使用副詞，eventuallyadv.最后；終于。3.beingharmed空格處意思是“使她免受傷害”，故用被動(dòng)形式。preventsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事，為固定搭配。4.annoyingwhich指代前面的句子，空格處指這件事令人心煩，故用annoying。5.went此處表示“隨著時(shí)間的流逝”，as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“隨著”，并且和全文時(shí)態(tài)一致，用過去式。6.the此處是固定句式“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”，意為“越……，越……”。7.helping此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，故填helping。8.Whatwhat引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在主語從句中作主語。9.with此處是固定搭配fallinlovewithsb.，意為“愛上某人”。10.unwillingness介詞in后面接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞，故填unwillingness。VI.

A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。23歲的清華大學(xué)學(xué)生柳濟(jì)琛開發(fā)了一個(gè)名為“光盤打卡”的微信小程序，用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來幫助減少食物浪費(fèi)。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...userscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninpoorruralareas.”可知，通過拍空盤子的照片傳到這個(gè)小程序，用戶就可以收集積分，并用積分為貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)的孩子們購買禮物或購買慈善餐食。所以這是不浪費(fèi)食物而獲得回報(bào)的一種交換。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit...（對(duì)于我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員來說，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是我們是否有足夠的信心去完成它……）”可知，對(duì)于是否能完成這個(gè)任務(wù)，柳濟(jì)琛的團(tuán)隊(duì)是不確定的，這也是他們所面對(duì)的最大挑戰(zhàn)。3.D推理判斷題。柳濟(jì)琛開發(fā)了微信小程序，說明他是個(gè)極具創(chuàng)造性的人；再由倒數(shù)第二段中的“TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates，theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100，000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.（為了解決人工智能識(shí)別空盤子照片的問題，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)花了半年時(shí)間，在食堂和餐館收集了超過10萬個(gè)樣本）”可知，柳濟(jì)琛是個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“LiuJichen，23，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled‘ClearYourPlate’.”可知，本文主要講述了23歲的柳濟(jì)琛開發(fā)了一個(gè)名為“光盤打卡”的微信小程序，所以本文最有可能是一篇新聞報(bào)道。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由日本科學(xué)家研發(fā)的一種海豹機(jī)器人。5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Therobot，namedParo，ismarketedasatherapeuticdevicethatcanhelpcomfortpeoplewhohaveproblemsthatcanleadtosocialisolation.”可知，這款名為Paro的機(jī)器人被作為治療性設(shè)備進(jìn)行市場(chǎng)推廣，它可以幫助安慰那些出現(xiàn)可能導(dǎo)致社交孤立的問題的人。由此可知Paro主要是為患者帶來一絲慰藉。故選B。6.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Shibatasayshetriedmakingroboticcatsanddogs...wouldcomparetherobottorealanimalstheyhadknown.”可知，Shibata試圖制造機(jī)器貓和機(jī)器狗，但人們覺得機(jī)器貓和機(jī)器狗沒法令人信服。他們期望太高了，他們將機(jī)器人與他們所認(rèn)識(shí)的真實(shí)的動(dòng)物進(jìn)行比較。因此推斷人們對(duì)機(jī)器貓比較失望，因?yàn)樗麄兛倳?huì)將其與真貓作對(duì)比。故選A。7.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Whenanurseputtherobotonherlap，i