全國統(tǒng)考2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)模塊四五彩繽紛的從句三大從句和特殊句式第10講特殊句式講義教案

PAGE第10講特別句式Ⅰ.語法填空1.(2024·天津高考)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.2.(2024·天津高考)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.Ⅰ.語法填空五謹記1.強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)陳述句;2.強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)一般疑問句;3.強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)特別疑問句;4.強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)特別疑問句用在賓語從句中的語序;5.強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)not...until...句型。Ⅱ.短文改錯(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turningleft!”(Turning改為Turn)Ⅱ.短文改錯定法特別句式的考查一般借助上下語境的分析。駕馭特別句式中祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句、強調(diào)句型的詳細用法。祈使句祈使句表達說話人對對方的勸說、囑咐、懇求或吩咐等。因此,祈使句中一般沒有主語,但依據(jù)其句意,事實上是省略了主語you。祈使句的確定句式一般分為以下三種類型:1.行為動詞原形+其他成分?！?2024·北京高考)Inanyunsafesituation,simplypressthebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.在任何擔心全的狀況下,只要按下按鈕,一個訓(xùn)練有素的代理人就會給你須要的幫助。2.Be動詞+其他成分(形容詞、名詞或介詞短語等)?！鵅ecarefultoavoidbeingsubjectiveandone-sided.切忌主觀片面。3.Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他成分?！鵏etTomgotherehimself.讓湯姆自己去那里。祈使句的否定句式,通常狀況下在句首加上Don’t或Never。※Don’tswimintheriver.別在河里游泳?！鵑everanswerthephonewhiledriving.絕不在開車時接電話?！拘☆}快練】Ⅰ.單句語法填空①Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.②Don’tlethimdo(do)thatagain.Ⅱ.單句改錯Doingaswellasyoucantoday,andperhapsyoumaybeabletodobettertomorrow.(Doing→Do)感嘆句感嘆句表示說話時的驚異、喜悅、贊許和生氣等心情。大多數(shù)感嘆句是由what和how引導(dǎo)的,其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“What(或How)+感嘆部分+主語+謂語!”。也有少量其他形式的感嘆句,常見的有:(1)What感嘆句What作定語,修飾名詞,其感嘆句句型結(jié)構(gòu):①What+a(n)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!如:※Whatanapplethisis!②What+a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!如:※Whataninterestingstoryitis!③What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不行數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!如:※Whathonestchildrentheyare!※Whatimportantwateritis!(2)How感嘆句How作狀語,修飾形容詞、副詞和動詞,其感嘆句句型結(jié)構(gòu):①How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!※Howbeautifulthecityis!※Howhardtheworkersareworking!②How+形容詞+a(n)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!如:※Howinterestingastoryitis!③How+主語+謂語!如:※Howtimeflies!【小題快練】單句語法填空①Seenfromthetop,itlooksverybeautiful.Howcolorfulthemountainis!②Thelittleboycameridingatfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.Whatadangeroussceneitwas!③HowIwishmyworkcouldbesettledwithinaday!

倒裝1.部分倒裝(1)將含有否定意義的副詞、介詞短語或連詞置于句首時引起部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類詞(組)有:never,seldom,rarely,hardly,little,few,atnotime,bynomeans,nolonger,hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...,notonly...butalso...,notuntil,nowhere,neither...nor...等?！鵗heInternetisoneofthewaysthesefeelingsareconveyedandperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnations.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是傳達這些情感的一種方式,或許它從未如此有效地將不同的民族和國家聯(lián)系起來?！?2024·天津高考)Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.這位教授警告學(xué)生們,在他的課堂上,決不應(yīng)當運用手機。(2)“only+狀語”置于句首時,主句要進行部分倒裝。※Onlythendidwerealizetherewasanearthquake.Iwastoofrightenedtomove.只有在那時我們才意識到地震發(fā)生了。我太膽怯 了以至于紋絲不動?！鵒nlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsdidIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.只有在和兩個學(xué)生交談之后我才發(fā)覺擁有劇烈的動機是達到目標的最大因素之一?！军c津】①若only修飾主語,句子不倒裝;②only+狀語從句位于句首時,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝;③構(gòu)成部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)時,假如謂語部分無情態(tài)動詞或be動詞,則須要找助動詞來幫助構(gòu)成倒裝句?！鵒nlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.只有當莉莉走進辦公室的時候,她才意識到她把合同忘在家里了。(3)so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中的so,such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強調(diào)時,主句要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)?！鵖otouchingdidthesongsoundthatIcouldn’tholdmytearsbackwhenIhearditforthefirsttime.這首歌聽起來如此令人感動以至于我第一次聽到它時就忍不住流下眼淚。(4)表示前面所說的狀況也適用于后者時,用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“so/neither/nor+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”(so表示確定意義,neither/nor表示否定意義)?！鵑oneofuswerefamiliarwithplanting,andnordidweknowhowtousegardeningtools.我們都不熟識種植,也不知道如何運用園藝工具。※TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.(5)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,狀語從句必需部分倒裝;though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,從句可部分倒裝,也可不倒裝。※OnehasreasontobelievethatChina’santi-corruptionoverthepastfewyears,toughas/thoughitis,hasachievedinspiringprogress.有理由信任在過去的幾年里中國的反腐行動取得了令人鼓舞的成就,雖然這個行動很艱難。(6)在非真實條件句中,條件句中的if省略時,助動詞had,were,should要提到主語前面?！?2024·江蘇高考)Wereitnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.要不是老師們的支持,這個學(xué)生是不行能克服她的困難的。2.全部倒裝當here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,onthewall,intheroom等表示地點、時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首,且句子主語是名詞時,句子用全部倒裝?！鵘pintotheblueskyflewthebirdwhenwepassedbyitsnest.當我們經(jīng)過它的鳥巢時,鳥飛上了藍天?！鵖heopeneditandletoutadeepbreath.Insideitweretwosharpknives.她打開它,深深地呼了一口氣。它里面是兩把銳利的刀子?！拘☆}快練】Ⅰ.單句語法填空①Soaccustomedare(be)mostofustotheassociationofsuccesswithmoneythatthethoughtofgivingupgoodsalaryforanideaseemslikealittlebitcrazy.②Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.③Iwasintroubleinovercomingmyaddictiontoalcohol,andsowasmyfriendMike.④Atthetopofthehilllies(lie)anoldcottagewhichhasawonderfulviewofthewholecity.Ⅱ.單句改錯①NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadreallybegun.(在I前加did)②Infrontofthestadiumstandalongqueuewaitingforthestar’sarrival.(stand改為stands)③Inaword,successisimportant,andsodoesfailure,becauseit’sthemotherofsuccess.(does改為is)強調(diào)的兩種形式1.強調(diào)句型(1)強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu):Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that+句子其他部分。該句型可對句子的主語、表語、賓語、同位語、狀語等進行強調(diào)。當強調(diào)部分是人,且作主語時,引導(dǎo)詞也可用who?！?2024·江蘇高考)Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.但探討人員發(fā)覺,最重要的可能是脂肪細胞內(nèi)部的影響?！军c津】強調(diào)主語時要留意連接詞與謂語的一樣性。※Itisourteacherthat/whohelpsusmakegreatprogress.(2)強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu):Is/Was+it+被強調(diào)的部分+that/who+句子其他部分?※WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?(3)強調(diào)句型的特別疑問句結(jié)構(gòu):特別疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分?※Wherewasitthatyoufoundyourlostpen?【點津】由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語從句時,從句必需運用陳述語序。※Thequestionthatpuzzledthemishowitisthattheycangetridoftheairpollutioninthearea.(4)not...until...句型的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu):Itis/wasnotuntil...+that+句子其他部分?！狧owlongisitsinceyoupickedupyourbadmintontraining?自從你重新練習(xí)羽毛球有多久了?—ItwasnotuntilmyfinancebecamebetterinlastDecemberthatIstartedthetraining.直到去年十二月,我的資金狀況好轉(zhuǎn)了,我才起先訓(xùn)練的。2.強調(diào)謂語動詞用助動詞do,does或did來強調(diào)謂語動詞,用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的確定的陳述句中,do還可以用于祈使句?！鵖omepeopledobelievethatnuclearpowerposesathreattotheworldpeace.【點津】強調(diào)句型與三大從句的區(qū)分類型區(qū)別與主語從句強調(diào)句型去掉Itis/was和that之后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍舊完整,而主語從句卻不能①Itistherethataccidentsoftenhappen.(強調(diào)句)②ItisinevitablethatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(主語從句)與定語從句強調(diào)句中that沒有意義,且不作任何成分,而定語從句中that為關(guān)系代詞,在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語①ItisnovelsthatMissWilliamenjoysreading.(強調(diào)句)②Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.(定語從句)與時間狀語從句強調(diào)句型去掉Itis/was和that后,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,而Itis...when...中,it指代時間①Itwasatsixo’clockthatIgotuptoday.(強調(diào)句)②Itwassixo’clockwhenIgotuptoday.(時間狀語從句)【小題快練】Ⅰ.單句語法填空①Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeoutwhatitisheistryingtoexpress.②Wasitbecauseitsnowedlastnightthatyoudidn’tcometotheparty?③Idon’tmindherpointingoutmyweaknesses,butitishowshedoesitthatIamopposedto.④ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.Ⅱ.單句改錯①ItwasayearagowhenJoshuagotabikeatChristmas,andherodeiteveryday.(when→that)②Itwashimwhoshowedmehowtosmilethroughtheroughtimes.(把him改為he)③Whenwasithemadeuphismindtotakethislesson?(it后加that)④Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790whenhefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.(when改為that)Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hespeakssoslowlyandstrangelythatittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.→Soslowlyandstrangelydoeshespeakthatittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.2.Althoughhewastreatedverycarefully,theboycouldn’tgetwell.→Althoughtreatedverycarefully,theboycouldn’tgetwell.3.Wemakesignificantadvancesinourlivesonlybyacceptingandusingourmistakesinthisway.→Onlybyacceptingandusingourmistakesinthiswaycanwemakesignificantadvancesinourlives.4.Shecareslittleaboutwhatshelookslike;allshecaresaboutisherjobperformance.→Littledoesshecareaboutwhatshelookslike;allshecaresaboutisherjobperformance.5.Althoughhelooksfoolish,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposal.(讓步狀語從句的倒裝)Foolishas/thoughhelooks,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposal.Ⅱ.語法填空DaytimebanonoutdoorexerciseParishasbannedalloutdoorexercise1.__________10amand7pminatighteningofcontainment2.__________(measure)aimedatpreventingthespreadofCOVID-19(新冠肺炎).Frenchauthoritiesissueda3.__________(state)warninganyone4.__________(catch)joggingorexercisinginpublicfromWednesdayduringthosehourswillfacefinesofbetween135and375.“Itisthroughresponsibility,self-regulationandcollectivediscipline5.__________Parisianswillbesthelphealthworkersintheirfightagainsttheepidemic(疫情),”thejointstatementfromthecity’sMayorDepartmentandPolicePrefecture6.__________(say).France7.__________(be)onlockdownsinceMarch17,preventinganyonefromleavingtheirhome8.__________theyarekeyworkersorgoingouttobuyfoodormedicine.Untilnow,peoplewerealsoallowedtoexercise9.__________(individual)aslongasitwasfor10.__________(little)thananhourandwithinonekilometreoftheirhome.【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。巴黎為加強防控措施、防止新冠肺炎傳播,已禁止上午10點至晚上7點之間的全部戶外活動。禁止任何人離開自己的家,除非他們是關(guān)鍵工作人員或外出購買食品或藥品。人們還被允許單獨熬煉,只要時間不超過一小時,并且距離自己家一千米以內(nèi)。1.【解析】between。考查介詞。依據(jù)句意可知,此處是固定短語between...and...“在……和……之間”。故填between。2.【解析】measures。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。measure表“措施”時,常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填measures。3.【解析】statement?？疾槊~。依據(jù)句意及不定冠詞a可知,此處表示“一份聲明”,應(yīng)運用名詞單數(shù)形式。故填statement。4.【解析】caught?？疾榉侵^語動詞。catch與anyone是邏輯動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)運用過去分詞,表被動。故填caught。5.【解析】that?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型。分析句子成分可知,此處是強調(diào)句型,強調(diào)throughresponsibility,self-regulationandcollectivediscipline,指物,應(yīng)運用that。故填that。6.【解析】said?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。依據(jù)句意可知,此處描述的是過去的事情,應(yīng)運用一般過去時。故填said。7.【解析】hasbeen?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。依據(jù)時間狀語sinceMarch17可知,此處運用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語France是單數(shù)概念,謂語動詞運用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasbeen。8.【解析】unless?？疾闂l件狀語從句。依據(jù)句意可知,此處運用unless“除非”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故填unless。9.【解析】individually?？疾楦痹~。此處修飾動詞exercise,應(yīng)運用副詞。故填individually。10.【解析】less?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。依據(jù)空后than可知,此處運用比較級。故填less。Ⅲ.短文改錯LastFriday,ourclassorganizedavisittothecitymuseum.Wegottotherebybus.First,welistenedtothebriefintroductiontothemuseum.Then,wesetouttoexploringthemuseuminsmallgroups.WhichcaughtourattentionfirstwassomeskillfulcarvedbronzewaresdatingfromtheShangDynasty.Afterwards,welookedatsomeculturalrelicsrelatetoShanxiMerchantsandlocalcustom.Tobehonest,Ifeltamazingatthewiderangeofexhibitsondisplay.Ibenefitedalotfromthisexperience.Notonlyitwidenmyhorizonsanditmademetakeprideinthehistoryofmyhometown.1.【解析】其次句去掉to。考查介詞。getthere意為“到那里”,there為副詞,前面不能加介詞to。故將to刪除。2.【解析】第三句the改為a?？疾楣谠~。abriefintroduction意為“一個簡短的介紹”,此處introduction在前文中并未出現(xiàn)過,表示泛指,并不是特指,且brief的讀音是以輔音音素開頭,所以應(yīng)當用不定冠詞a來修飾,而不是定冠詞the。故將the改為a。3.【解析】第四句exploring改為explore?？疾榉侵^語動詞。setouttodosth.意為“起先做某事”。故將exploring改為explore。4.【解析】第五句Which改為What?？疾橹髡Z從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句為主語從句,從句中缺少主語,又依據(jù)主句的表語bronzewares可知,從句的主語指代物,所以用what來引導(dǎo)。故將Which替換為What。5.【解析】第五句skillful改為skillfully。考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,修飾動詞carved,應(yīng)當用副詞skillfully。故將skillful改為skillfully。6.【解析】第六句relate改為related或relating?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中已有謂語動詞lookedat,所以relate要用其非謂語動詞形式,由于主語relics與動詞relate之間是主動關(guān)系,所以要用relate的現(xiàn)在分詞形式relating;berelatedto意為“與……有關(guān)”,此處可省略be動詞,干脆運用relatedto作relics的后置定語。故將relate改為related/relating。7.【解析】第六句custom改為customs?？疾槊~。依據(jù)連詞and之前的名詞S