第12講賓語從句專題（原卷版）-2023年八年級英語寒假課（牛津上海版）

第12講賓語從句專題【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】【基礎(chǔ)知識】Ⅰ.定義賓語從句，顧名思義，是一個用作賓語的句子。例如：Idon’tknowif/whethermyfatherwillebacktomorrow.（我不知道明天我爸爸是否會回來。）Tomcan’tdecidewhichsweaterheshouldbuy.（湯姆不能決定應(yīng)該買哪一件羊毛衫。）Weallknow（that）thesunrisesintheeast.（我們都知道太陽在東方升起。）Ⅱ.語序賓語從句必須用陳述句語序主語十謂語+賓語從句(從句由“連接詞+陳述句”構(gòu)成Ⅲ.連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句只起連接作用，其本身沒有意義，在口語中?？墒÷裕褐髡Z+謂語+賓語從句(“that+陳述句”)Ithink（that）youshouldbemorecareful．我覺得你應(yīng)多加小心。I’mafraid（that）hewon’teontime．我恐怕他不會準(zhǔn)時到。whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意為“是否”：主語+謂語+賓語從句(“whether+陳述句”)Iwonderwhether/ifhewille.我不知道他是否會來?！咀⒁狻恐挥脀hether不用if的情況引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從句時Itdependsonwhetheritwillsnowtomorrow.與ornot連用時Iaskyoursecretarywhethershecouldeornot.與不定式連接Ireallydon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.④賓語從句前置，置于句首時Whethertheycanehereontime,wedon’tknow.疑問代詞和疑問副詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句疑問代詞who，which，what，whose，whom以及疑問副詞when，where，how，why均引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但一定要注意用陳述句語序。(1)who/whom:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“who／whom+陳述句”)Doyouknowwho/whomtheyare?你知道他們是誰嗎？(2)who:主語+謂語十賓語從句(“who+陳述句”)Iknowwhoiscryingoverthere．我知道誰在那里哭。(3)which:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“which+陳述句”)PleasetellmewhichbusIshouldtake．請告訴我該做哪一輛公交車。(4)what:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“what+陳述句”)Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.我不知道該做什么。(5)when:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“when+陳述句”)Doyouknowwhenhewillgo?你知道他什么時候走？(6)where:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“where+陳述句”)Canyoutellmewherehewillgo?你能告訴我他要去哪么？(7)how:主語+謂語+賓語從句(“how十陳述句”)Idon’tknowhowtodoit.我不知道怎么做。Ⅳ.時態(tài)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞時一般過去時時，其賓語從句的時態(tài)一般要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboywherehelived.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或祈使句時，其賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)。Pleasetellmewhomyouwenttothegardenwiththismorning.當(dāng)賓語從句表達客觀事實或規(guī)律時，其時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Everyoneknewthattherearesixtyminutesinanhour.Ⅴ.直接引語變間接引語引語是陳述句:主語+said,“陳述句”＝>主語+said+(that)+陳述句直接引語：Hesaid,“I’mveryglad.”間接引語：Hesaid(that)hewasveryglad.引語是一般疑問句:主語+asked,“一般疑問句＝>主語+asked+whether/if+陳述句直接引語：Heasked,“Areyouverybusythesedays?”間接引語：Heaskedmewhether／wasverybusythosedays.直接引語：Hesaid,“Canyouethisafternoon,John?”間接引語：HeaskedwhetherJohncouldgothatafternoon.引語是特殊疑問句:主語asked,“特殊疑問句”＝>主語+asked+疑問詞+陳述句Hesaid,“Whendoyouwanttoleave?”＝>HeaskedmewhenIwantedtoleave.Hesaid,“Whatdoyouwanttoread?”＝>HeaskedmewhatIwantedtoread.Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang?”＝>HeaskedwhereMr.Wangwas.引語是祈使句:主語+ask／tell/ordersb.(not)todosth.Hesaid,“Openthedoor,John!”＝>HeaskedJohntoopenthedoor.Hesaid,“Don'ttalkinclass!”＝>Heorderedusnottotalkinclass.【注意】轉(zhuǎn)換過程中時間狀語、地點狀語、指示代詞和某些動詞的變化。直接引語＝>間接引語now=>thentoday=>thatdaytonight=>thatnightyesterday=>thedaybeforetomorrow=>thenextdaylastweek=>theweekbeforenextweek=>thenextweekintwodays=>twodayslaterago=>beforehere=>therethis=>thatthese=>thosee=>gobring=>take例句例1Hesaid,“Iamadrivernow.”Hetoldmethathewasadriverthen.例2Hesaid,“IwenttoBeijinglastweek.”HesaidthathehadgonetoBeijingtheweekbefore.例3Heasked,“Willyouetomorrow?”HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgothenextday.例4Heasked,“Whenwillyouleave?”HeaskedmewhenIwouldleave.例5Hesaid,“Iamhavingmybikerepairedhere.”Hesaidthathewashavinghisbikerepairedthere.例6Heasked,“Haveyoufinishedreadingthisbook.”HeaskedmeifIhadfinishedreadingthatbook.例7Hesaid,“Theearthmovesroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.【真題演練】1．Whichsentencecontainsanobjectiveclause(賓語從句)?A．Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonforhalfanhour. B．Pleasetelluswhenhisfatherwillreturnfromabroad.C．I’llringyouupwhenIarriveinBeijing. D．Shealwaysturnstousforhelpwhensheisintrouble.2．—I’msorryfor________Isaid.—Itdoesn’tmatter.A．how B．which C．what D．when3．—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—Gostraight.It’sacrossfromthepark.A．howcanIgettothenearestbank B．howIcangettothenearestbankC．whencanIgettothenearestbank D．whenIcangettothenearestbank4．—Itseemsthatsheismovedtocrybytheheroics(英雄事跡).—Iwonder________.A．whyisshecrying B．whenwillshecryC．whatcanwedoforher D．whatshehasheardabout5．—Showmethemap,please.Iwonder________.

—Look,it’shere,intheeastofChina.A．wheredoestheislandlie B．whereistheislandlocatedC．wheretheislandliesin D．wheretheislandislocated6．Nobodycanreallypredict________in50years.Soenjoyeveryminuteinourlife.A．howthefuturewillbelike B．whatwillthelifebelikeC．whatwillhappen D．howwillthefuturebe7．Canyoutellme________?A．whoismoreserious B．what’sthebestmovietheaterC．howoftendoyouexercise D．wheredidyougoonvacation8．Henry,canyoutellme________?A．whatdidyoudojustnow B．what’syourfavoriteTVprogramC．ifyoukeeponexercisingthesedays D．whenwillthegamestart9．Mr.Mawondered________.A．thathisstudentsdidn’thandintheirhomework B．ifdidn’thisstudentshandintheirhomeworkC．whodoesn’thandinhishomework D．whodidn’thandinhishomework10．—Canyoutellme_________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A．whatthemovieislike B．whatisthemovieaboutC．whatdoyouthinkofthemovie D．whatkindofmovieisit11．—Doyouknow________thediscussion?—NextMonday.A．whentheyhad B．whendidtheyhaveC．whenwilltheyhave D．whentheywillhave12．Areyousure________Mr.Liwilletoyourbirthdayparty?A．that B．if C．when D．how13．Toshow________wearegoingtomissher,let’shaveasurprisepartyforhernextweek.A．howmany B．howmuch C．howsoon D．howlong14．—Iwonder________Timdidn’tetomypartyyesterday.—Becausehehadtolookafterhisgrandpainthehospital.A．what B．who C．why D．how15．—Couldyoutellme________?—Certainly.A．whathappenedtohim B．whereisthemovietheatreC．whichanimalsdoeshelikebest D．whenwillhisbirthdaypartystart16．ItissaidancientcitieslikeLoulanandPompeii________atanimportantpositionoftransportation.Riversonce________throughthecitydowntown.A．laid;winded B．waslain;wounded C．lay;wound D．waslied;wound17．—WhatdidJanesaytoyoujustnow,Leo?—Shewantedtoknow________.A．IfIcouldhelpherwithhermath B．whenwillwehavetheartfestivalC．howourhighschoolwillbelike D．whatdidIdolastweekend18．—Canyoutellme________thereisrestaurantnearhere?—Ofcourse.There’soneacrossfromXinhuaBookstore.A．that B．what C．when D．whether19．I’m_________sure_________puterscanworkinourheadswell.A．/;whether B．not;thatC．not;if D．quite;whether20．Everybodyknowsthatallroads________Rome.A．ledto B．leadsto C．leadingto D．leadto【過關(guān)檢測】21．—Doyouknow________?—Byasmalllake.A．wheredidtheycamp B．wheretheycampedC．whentheywillhavetheirpicnic D．whenwilltheyhavetheirpicnic22．—Iwonder________.—I’mnotsure,butIhopeso.Ithasbeendryfortwomonths.A．ifitwillraintomorrow B．whyitdoesn’trainC．whentherainwillstop D．howlongtherainwilllastthewateragain23．I’mwondering________.A．wherearemylostkeys B．whatdoeshisbrotherdoC．howdidthegirlgotowork D．whyyouwerelatethismorning24．—Couldyoutellme_______yuanxiaoinChina?—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A．wheredopeopleeat B．whenpeopleeatC．whypeopleeat D．howdopeopleeat25．—IsDavidstillinParisorhashereturnedtoWuhan?—I’mnotsure.I’llcalltomakesure__________.A．howhewillgetback B．ifhehasbeenbackC．whenhasheeback D．whyhehaseback26．—NextSaturdayismyfather’sbirthday.I’mthinkingabout________.—Goodgirl!Andpleasegivemybestwishestohim.A．whatpresentshouldIgivehim B．howIcangivehimasurpriseC．ifIplannedapartyforhim D．wherewillmyfamilyhaveabigmeal27．—WhatdidTomsaytoyoujustnow,John?—Heasked__________.A．whatthematterwasB．whyIamsohappytodayC．whodidIplayfootballwithafterschoolD．ifIcouldgotothemoviewithhimtonight28．—Idon’tknow________.—Don’tworry.Letmetellyou.A．whatdoesHanselgoouttoget B．whenshallIbeefriendswithmyparentsC．howlonghashehadthebike D．howhighMulanMountis29．—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasetellme________.A．howmuchdoesthefoodcost B．howmuchthefoodcostC．what’sthepriceofthefood D．whatthepriceofthefoodis30．—Iwonder________Ishouldwaterthiskindoftree.—Everyday.A．howoften B．howlong C．howsoon D．howmuch31．Analysethesentencepatternbelowandchoosethebestanswer.Itshowedwhatlifewaslikefortheindigenouspeoplewhohadtolivehereallthoseyearsago.A．賓語從句+定語從句 B．賓語從句+定語從句+時間狀語C．主語從句+定語從句 D．主語從句+定語從句+時間狀語32．Whichsentencecontainsthemostclauses?A．Weknowthatacat,whoseeyescantakeinmanymoreraysoflightthanoure