2023-2024學(xué)年陜西省渭南市大荔縣高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省渭南市大荔縣2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThere’snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.ResearchingOceanCreaturesintheMaldivesTheMarineLifeDiscoveryCenterintheMaldivesisagreatplacetolearnaboutallkindsofoceananimals.Youcanjointhescientistsandhelpprotecttheoceanenvironment.Moreover,thecenterrunsarescueprogramforseaturtles.HelpingBabyElephantsinKenyaRetetiElephantSanctuaryischildren’sfavoriteplace.Thiscenterissetuptosavebabyelephants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.However,manyotherkindsofwildlifealsoenduphere.ThisisauniqueplacetointeractwithAfricananimalsofallshapesandsizes.ConservingRhinos(犀牛)inSouthAfricaThetwonewMaratabaConservationCampswillgiveyounewexperiences.Visitorsareexpectedtotakepartinallresearchprojectsandwillseewildlifeandgettocollectrelatedinformation.RhinoConservationisattheheartofMarataba,whichhaswonderfulviewsoftheWaterbergMountains.FindingRareAnimalsinNewZealandNewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonEarthbeforetheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedinosaurs.YoucangotoSouthlandMuseumandArtGallerytomeetoneorspottheminthewildonTiritiriMatangiIsland.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheRetetiElephantSanctuary?A.Feedbabyelephants. B.Joininelephantrescueprograms.C.Carryoutresearchprojects. D.Interactwithvariousuniqueanimals.2.Whereareprehistoricanimalloversmostlikelytogo?A.Kenya. B.TheMaldives. C.SouthAfrica. D.NewZealand.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Tointroducefourspecialcountries. B.Tosharetheauthor’sanimalencounters.C.Torecommendsomewildlifetrips. D.Toraiseawarenessofanimalprotection.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要向讀者介紹了四個(gè)能跟野生動(dòng)物近距離接觸的行程?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HelpingBabyElephantsinKenya部分中“RetetiElephantSanctuaryischildren’sfavoriteplace.Thiscenterissetuptosavebabyelephants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.(Reteti大象保護(hù)區(qū)是孩子們最喜歡的地方。這個(gè)中心是為了拯救小象而設(shè)立的，游客可以在給小象喂食的同時(shí)與它們互動(dòng))”可知，在雷泰蒂大象保護(hù)區(qū)，游客可以喂象寶寶。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“NewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonEarthbeforetheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedinosaurs.(新西蘭到處都是獨(dú)特的動(dòng)物，比如鱷蜥，這種動(dòng)物在人類(lèi)文明出現(xiàn)之前就生活在地球上，它的近親在恐龍時(shí)代滅絕了)”可知，史前動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者最有可能會(huì)去新西蘭。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段“There’snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.(對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有比近距離接觸動(dòng)物更好的方式來(lái)了解我們這個(gè)星球上的神奇生物了)”以及下文小標(biāo)題中的“OceanCreatures”、“BabyElephants”“Rhinos(犀牛)”、“RareAnimals”可知，本文主要向讀者推薦了四個(gè)可以和野生動(dòng)物近距離接觸的行程。故選C。BInmychildhood,myparentswouldtakemetowatchgames.IlovedtheexcitementIwouldfeelwhenwewenttowatchtheseevents,especiallywhenthescoreswerecloseuntiltheveryendofthegame.MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallyturnedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.OneofmymostmemorablemomentswasattheWorldSerieswhenIwaselevenandplayedontheTexasRattlers.TheJulyheatwasunbearable.Itwasthesemi-finalgame.Sweatinglikeapig,weranintothedugoutforourlastat-bat(上場(chǎng)擊球);weweredownonerunnow.Iwasthesecondhitterandcaptainoftheteam,andIwasreadyforthismoment.Inthenextfewseconds,Ihadthechancetoshowmystrengthasahitterandmyabilitytobealeaderunderpressurebyhittingahomerun!Wecarriedtheday!Astheteamcaptain,IrememberthetimeIhadtogiveaspeechtomyteambecausewehadlostanimportantgame.Iwasnervous,butIknewitwasmyresponsibilitytocheermyteamupwhentheywerecastdown.Thisexperiencehasshapedmymind,makingmebecomemoreindependent,soI’mobtainingtheabilitytotalklikealeaderinfrontofmyteamandagroup.Sportsgetitthroughmyheadthatyoucan’twinateverythinginlifeallthetime.Onandofthefield,Iammoreiron-willed,disciplined(遵守紀(jì)律的)andrespectful,andabetterleader.Ihavehadsomanyawesomeexperiencesthroughsports,whichhavetaughtmemuchandpreparedmeforthefuture.ThememoriesofallthetripsanddiverseexperiencesIhavehadwillbewithmeforalifetime.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heoftenswitchedsports. B.Hewasagiftedchildinsports.C.Hehadabusychildhood. D.Hewasfondofsportsfromchildhood.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthesemi-finalattheWorldSeries?A.Stressedandtired. B.Proudandconfident.C.Unbearableanddown. D.Surprisedandenergetic.6.Whatwastoughfortheauthoraccordingtoparagraph3?A.Leadinghisteamtofacefailure. B.Givingaspeechbeforetheteam.C.Improvinghisleadershipqualities. D.Overcominghisownnervousness.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InterestingLifeofSports B.LifeLessonsfromSportsC.DeepAffectionforSports D.SpecialMomentsinSports〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過(guò)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)獲得的人生感悟?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inmychildhood,myparentswouldtakemetowatchgames.IlovedtheexcitementIwouldfeelwhenwewenttowatchtheseevents,especiallywhenthescoreswerecloseuntiltheveryendofthegame.MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallyturnedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.(在我的童年時(shí)代，我的父母會(huì)帶我去看比賽。我喜歡當(dāng)我們?nèi)タ催@些比賽時(shí)所感受到的興奮，尤其是當(dāng)比分在最后關(guān)頭仍然不相上下的時(shí)候。我三歲的時(shí)候，就開(kāi)始有意義地嘗試體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，從兒童棒球開(kāi)始，六歲時(shí)開(kāi)始打籃球，從八歲開(kāi)始，我就對(duì)棒球產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。)”可推知，作者自幼就喜愛(ài)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“OneofmymostmemorablemomentswasattheWorldSerieswhenIwaselevenandplayedontheTexasRattlers.TheJulyheatwasunbearable.Itwasthesemi-finalgame.Sweatinglikeapig,weranintothedugoutforourlastat-bat(上場(chǎng)擊球);weweredownonerunnow.Iwasthesecondhitterandcaptainoftheteam,andIwasreadyforthismoment.Inthenextfewseconds,Ihadthechancetoshowmystrengthasahitterandmyabilitytobealeaderunderpressurebyhittingahomerun!Wecarriedtheday!(我最難忘的時(shí)刻之一，就是十一歲時(shí)我代表德克薩斯響尾蛇隊(duì)參加世界大賽的時(shí)候。七月的酷熱讓人難以忍受。那是一場(chǎng)半決賽。我們像豬一樣汗流浹背，沖進(jìn)球員休息區(qū)進(jìn)行最后一次擊球；我們現(xiàn)在落后一分。我是隊(duì)里的第二擊球手和隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，我已經(jīng)為這個(gè)時(shí)刻做好了準(zhǔn)備。在接下來(lái)的幾秒鐘里，我有機(jī)會(huì)通過(guò)打出全壘打來(lái)展示我作為擊球手的力量和在壓力下作為領(lǐng)袖的能力！我們贏得了那天的比賽！)”可知，在作者難忘的一場(chǎng)半決賽中，在球隊(duì)落后一分的情況下，他打出了本壘打，展示了他作為擊球員的實(shí)力及球隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)的抗壓能力，讓球隊(duì)贏得了比賽。通過(guò)這些描述，我們可以推斷出，作者應(yīng)是為此感到驕傲自豪的和自信的。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Astheteamcaptain,IrememberthetimeIhadtogiveaspeechtomyteambecausewehadlostanimportantgame.Iwasnervous,butIknewitwasmyresponsibilitytocheermyteamupwhentheywerecastdown.Thisexperiencehasshapedmymind,makingmebecomemoreindependent,soI’mobtainingtheabilitytotalklikealeaderinfrontofmyteamandagroup.Sportsgetitthroughmyheadthatyoucan’twinateverythinginlifeallthetime.(作為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，我記得有一次我不得不給我的球隊(duì)演講，因?yàn)槲覀冚數(shù)袅艘粓?chǎng)重要的比賽。我很緊張，但我知道，當(dāng)我的團(tuán)隊(duì)情緒低落時(shí)，我有責(zé)任讓他們振作起來(lái)。這段經(jīng)歷塑造了我的思想，讓我變得更加獨(dú)立，所以我獲得了在團(tuán)隊(duì)和團(tuán)隊(duì)面前像領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者一樣說(shuō)話的能力。體育運(yùn)動(dòng)讓我明白，你不可能一直在生活中贏得一切。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為困難的事是帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)勇敢面對(duì)失敗。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了作者從小就喜愛(ài)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)；第二段講的是作者體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中的高光時(shí)刻；第三段講的是體育運(yùn)動(dòng)教會(huì)作者接受失?。蛔詈笠欢慰偨Y(jié)了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)教給作者很多東西，且這些經(jīng)歷和記憶將陪伴作者一生。由此可知，這篇文章主要講述了作者通過(guò)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)獲得的人生感悟，所以B項(xiàng)“LifeLessonsfromSports(體育帶給我們的人生感悟)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B。CSometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.Youneverknowwhothesepeoplemaybebut,whenyoulockeyeswiththem,youknowthateverymomenttheywillaffectyourlifeinaprofoundway.Andsometimesthingshappentoyouatthetimethatmayseemhorrible,painfulandunfairbut,uponreflection,yourealizethatwithoutovercomingthosehardships,youwouldhaveneverrealizedyourpotential,strength,willpowerorheart.Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyoursoul.Withoutthesesmalltests,lifewouldbelikeasmooth,straight,flatroadtonowhere.Safeandcomfortablebutmeaningless.Thepeopleyoumeetaffectyourlife.Thesuccessesandfailuresthatyouexperiencecancreatewhoyouare,andthebadexperiencescanbelearnedfrom.Infact,theyareprobablythemostimportantones.Ifsomeonehurtsyou,betrays(背叛)youorbreaksyourheart,forgivethembecausetheyhavehelpedyoulearnabouttrustandtheimportanceofbeingcarefulwithwhomyouopenyourheartto.Ifsomeonelovesyou,lovethemback,notonlybecausetheyloveyou,butbecausetheyareteachingyoutoloveandopenyourheartandeyestolittlethings.Makeeverydaycount.Appreciateeverymomentandtakefromiteverythingthatyoupossiblycan,foryoumayneverbeabletoexperienceitagain.Talktopeopleyouhavenevertalkedtobefore,andactuallylisten.Holdyourheadupbecauseyouhaveeveryrightto.Tellyourselfyouareanuniqueindividualandbelieveinyourself,forifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself,nooneelsewillbelieveinyou.8.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat________.A.youwillneverknowwhowillcomeintoyourlifeB.yourlifeissometimesinfluenceddeeplybysomeoneC.youneedhelptojudgewhoyouareinlifeD.youknowsomeonethemomentyoumeethim9.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A.everythingisatestforyou B.thereisnogoodluckinlifeC.nothinghappensbychance D.thereisalimittoyourlove10.Theunderlinedword“ones”refersto________.A.thepeople B.thesmalltestsC.thesuccesses D.thebadexperiences11.Accordingtothepassage,youareadvisedto________.A.setahigherlifegoal B.openyourhearttoothersC.liveeverydaytothefull D.treatyourselfasagreatperson12.Thewriterdevelopsthepassageby________.A.analyzingdata B.reasoningC.givingexamples D.tellingastory〖答案〗8.B9.C10.D11.C12.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述的是我們要感謝生命中遇到的一切，你所遇到的影響你生命的人，你所經(jīng)歷的成功與失敗，都有助于塑造和成就你的人生，你可以做任何想做的事來(lái)塑造你的人生。創(chuàng)造你自己的人生，并無(wú)怨無(wú)悔地去過(guò)這一生吧?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.”（有時(shí)候，一些人走進(jìn)你的生活，你馬上就知道他們是注定要出現(xiàn)的，為了某種目的，給你上一課，或者幫助你弄清楚你是誰(shuí)，你想成為什么樣的人。）可知，第一段告訴我們，你的生活有時(shí)會(huì)受到某些人的深刻影響。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyoursoul.”（萬(wàn)事皆有因。沒(méi)有什么事情是靠運(yùn)氣發(fā)生的。疾病、傷害、愛(ài)情、失去真正偉大的時(shí)刻和絕對(duì)的愚蠢，這些都是對(duì)你靈魂極限的考驗(yàn)。）可知，從第四段可以推斷出沒(méi)有什么事情是偶然發(fā)生的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“Thesuccessesandfailuresthatyouexperiencecancreatewhoyouare,andthebadexperiencescanbelearnedfrom.Infact,theyareprobablythemostimportantones.”（你所經(jīng)歷的成功和失敗可以塑造你，而糟糕的經(jīng)歷可以從中吸取教訓(xùn)。事實(shí)上，它們可能是最重要的。）可知，最后一句話的主語(yǔ)they指代上文的thebadexperiences，故ones指的是thebadexperiences。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Makeeverydaycount.Appreciateeverymomentandtakefromiteverythingthatyoupossiblycan,foryoumayneverbeabletoexperienceitagain.”（讓每一天都有意義。珍惜每一刻，盡你所能從中汲取一切，因?yàn)槟憧赡苡肋h(yuǎn)無(wú)法再經(jīng)歷一次。）可知，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者建議你充實(shí)地過(guò)好每一天。故選C項(xiàng)。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。本文主要論證其他人走入“我們”的生活，有著這樣或那樣的意義，生活中的成功和失敗都是有原因的，“我們”應(yīng)該以充滿愛(ài)的態(tài)度和積極的態(tài)度面對(duì)生活。所以B項(xiàng)，“闡述理由”符合題意。A項(xiàng)意為“分析數(shù)據(jù)”，C項(xiàng)意為“舉例子”，D項(xiàng)意為“講故事”，均不符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。DTheholeintheozone(臭氧)layer,onelayerofthestratosphere(平流層),begantoformoverAntarcticainAugust2023,causingwarningsthatalarger-than-averageholecouldfurtherwarmtheSouthernOceanwhilethelevelofAntarcticseaiceisatarecordlow.Dr.MartinJockerattheUniversityofNewSouthWalessaidtheboleusuallybeganformingattheendofSeptember,peakinginOctoberbeforeclosinginNovemberorDecember.Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestrutosphere’sozonelayer,whichhasahighconcentrationofozone.Theholehasbeen“recovering”overtimeandozonelevelsovertheAntarcticareexpectedtoreturnto1980levelsby2066.Thedevelopmentoftheozoneholein2023wasnotadventitious.TheozoneholeisusuallysmallerduringElNi?oyears,butthemodelofJuckersuggesteditwouldbelargerthanusualin2023duetotheunderseaTongavolcanicexplosionin2022,whichwaslikelytohaveanimpactontheozonelayerintheyearsfollowing.InearlyAugust,theformationwasaboutaverageforthedayoftheyear.Thisincreasedrapidlyinthenextfewdays,producingoneofthelargestobservedozoneholesforthetimeofyear.TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸氣)intothestratosphere.“Itwasabout150megatonnes.Afactorofaboutthreetimesmorewatervapourthanweusuallyhave,”saidJucker.Icecloudsforminthestratospherewhenthereismorewatervapourthanusual,allowingtinyozone-destructingsubstancestogatherthere.JuckersaidhewasconcernedabouttheimpactoftheholeonAntarcticseaice,whichhasbeenatrecordlowlevels.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheAntarcticozonehole?A.Ithappenseveryyear. B.Itkeepsatabalancedlevel.C.Ittendstoworsenannually. D.Itremainsthelargestonrecord.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adventitious”inparagraph3mean?A.Reasonable. B.Unsettled. C.Rare. D.Unexpected.15.WhatistheresultoftheTongavolcanicexplosionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thedisappearanceofozone. B.Theatmosphericchanges.C.Thedecreaseofwatervapour. D.Theformationofdestructivesubstances.16.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StratosphereFacesNewThreats B.OzoneLevelsAreChangingContinuouslyC.OzoneHoleFormsEarlierThanUsual D.VolcanicExplosionProducesGlobalEffect〖答案〗13.A14.D15.B16.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是由于湯加海底火山的爆發(fā)引起大氣變化，2023年南極洲上空臭氧空洞提前出現(xiàn)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestrutosphere’sozonelayer,whichhasahighconcentrationofozone.(臭氧空洞是臭氧濃度很高的結(jié)構(gòu)層臭氧層每年變薄的現(xiàn)象)”可知，南極臭氧空洞每年都會(huì)發(fā)生，故選A。【14題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“TheozoneholeisusuallysmallerduringElNi?oyears,butthemodelofJuckersuggesteditwouldbelargerthanusualin2023duetotheunderseaTongavolcanicexplosionin2022,whichwaslikelytohaveanimpactontheozonelayerintheyearsfollowing.(在厄爾尼諾年期間，臭氧空洞通常較小，但Jucker的模型顯示，由于2022年湯加海底火山爆發(fā)，2023年臭氧空洞將比平時(shí)更大，這可能會(huì)在接下來(lái)的幾年里對(duì)臭氧層產(chǎn)生影響)”可知，2023年的臭氧空洞的發(fā)展是提前預(yù)料到的，也就是不是偶然發(fā)生的，因此畫(huà)線詞的含義為“偶然發(fā)生的，非計(jì)劃中的”，和unexpected意思相近，故選D?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸氣)intothestratosphere.“Itwasabout150megatonnes.Afactorofaboutthreetimesmorewatervapourthanweusuallyhave,”saidJucker.Icecloudsforminthestratospherewhenthereismorewatervapourthanusual,allowingtinyozone-destructingsubstancestogatherthere.(湯加火山的爆發(fā)將大量的水蒸氣帶入了平流層?！按蠹s有1.5億噸。大約是我們通常擁有的水蒸氣的三倍，”Jucker說(shuō)。當(dāng)水蒸氣比平時(shí)多的時(shí)候，平流層就會(huì)形成冰云，使得破壞臭氧層的微小物質(zhì)聚集在那里)”可知，火山噴發(fā)向平流層排放大量水蒸氣，當(dāng)平流層中的水蒸氣比平常多時(shí)，會(huì)形成冰云，破壞臭氧層的微粒會(huì)在那里聚集。由此可推知，湯加火山爆發(fā)引起了大氣的變化。故選B。【16題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Theholeintheozonelayer,onelayerofthestratosphere(平流層),begantoformoverAntarcticainAugust2023,causingwarningsthatalarger-than-averageholecouldfurtherwarmtheSouthernOceanwhilethelevelofAntarcticseaiceisatarecordlow.Dr.MartinJockerattheUniversityofNewSouthWalessaidtheboleusuallybeganformingattheendofSeptember,peakinginOctoberbeforeclosinginNovemberorDecember.(平流層的臭氧層空洞于2023年8月開(kāi)始在南極洲上空形成，有人警告說(shuō)，一個(gè)比平均水平更大的空洞可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步使南大洋變暖，而南極海冰的水平處于歷史最低水平。新南威爾士大學(xué)的MartinJocker博士說(shuō)，這個(gè)洞通常在9月底開(kāi)始形成，在10月達(dá)到頂峰，然后在11月或12月關(guān)閉)”可知，本文在首段講到臭氧空洞通常在九月底開(kāi)始形成，但2023年提前了，在八月份就開(kāi)始形成了。接著，作者圍繞該話題介紹了臭氧空洞的特點(diǎn)、對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象的研究以及這種現(xiàn)象的成因等。故C項(xiàng)“OzoneHoleFormsEarlierThanUsual(臭氧空洞比平常形成得更早)”適合作標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.____17____Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.____18____Besides,theemotionalnatureofmusichelpsmakeitparticularlymemorable.Weoftenbecomefamiliarwithapieceofmusicbecausewehearitasbackgroundmusic.Themorefamiliarapieceofmusicis,themoreeffectiveitisinbringingbackmemories.____19____ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.TiffanyJenkins,writingforaculturecolumn,hasadifferentopinion:____20____Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韻律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.____21____Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(懷舊性記憶)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.It’sclearthatourmemoriesandmusicarecloselylinked—tothepointthatmusicisbeingusedtohelpAlzheimer’sdiseasesufferersaccessmemoriesthattheythoughttheyhadlost.A.Familiarityisimportant.B.Musicitselfiseasytoremember.C.Butwhatmakesmusicsoeffectiveindoingthis?D.Ourmusicalpreferenceusuallyformsduringourteens.E.Thisappliestomusicmorethanotherculturalproducts.F.Popmusicespeciallycanbeconnectedwithanimportantmemory.G.Musicandtheselifeeventsarelikelytobelinkedtogetherinourmemories.〖答案〗17.C18.G19.E20.B21.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)音樂(lè)為什么總是會(huì)喚起人們的某些回憶進(jìn)行了解釋?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.(我們每個(gè)人都有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷：收音機(jī)里響起一首歌，我們立刻被傳送回過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間。)”和后文“Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.(有一些東西可以將音樂(lè)與我們的記憶聯(lián)系起來(lái)。)”可知，此處是指音樂(lè)是如何與我們的回憶聯(lián)系在一起的，所以選項(xiàng)C“但是什么讓音樂(lè)在這方面如此有效呢？”切合文意。故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.(音樂(lè)往往是許多重要生活事件的必要元素，它也非常有效地吸引我們的注意力。)”可知，此處是指因此音樂(lè)和生活事件有可能在我們的記憶里產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系，所以選項(xiàng)G“音樂(lè)和這些生活事件很可能在我們的記憶中聯(lián)系在一起?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xG?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.(原因是我們更有可能一遍又一遍地聽(tīng)一首歌，而不是用同樣的方式看電影或電視節(jié)目。)”可知，此處是指比起電影或電視節(jié)目等音樂(lè)更有可能喚起回憶，所以選項(xiàng)E“比起其他文化產(chǎn)品，這更適用于音樂(lè)。”切合文意。故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韻律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.(她告訴我們，由于這一特點(diǎn)，在整個(gè)歷史中，口頭文化是如何通過(guò)歌曲將重要的知識(shí)代代相傳的。歌詞的節(jié)奏和韻律都可以幫助記憶。)”可知，此處是指音樂(lè)容易記憶，所以選項(xiàng)B“音樂(lè)本身很容易記住。”切合文意。故選B?！?1題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(懷舊性記憶)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.(這一事實(shí)與許多專(zhuān)家所說(shuō)的“懷舊性記憶”相吻合，即老年人（40歲以上）對(duì)青春期和成年早期發(fā)生的事件的回憶增加。)”可知，此處是指我們的音樂(lè)喜好通常形成于青少年時(shí)期，所以選項(xiàng)D“我們的音樂(lè)偏好通常在青少年時(shí)期形成?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihavebeenoneofthosemenwhosetthesamegoalseveryyearbutrarely___22___anyofthem.Istartedhotandreadyfora___23___yeareachyearbutthatenergy___24___bytheendofFebruary.Icametotheendofeachyearfeeling___25___.Attheendof2016,Ireachedmy___26___point.Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke,___27___topaymybills,in___28___relationships,andfeelinglikea(n)___29___tothoseinmylife.Isaid“enough”,andstartedatthebeginningof2017inaplacethat___30___me—Maui,Hawaii.Ispentmorningsonthebeachreflectingquietlyand___31___mymentalitytoprocesstrauma(創(chuàng)傷).Ispentdays___32___howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork.IleftMauiachangedman,andthe___33___tobecomingthebestversionofmyselfhasn’tstoppedsince.Oneofmybiggestrealizationswasthe___34___ofputtingmyselffirstandcreatinggoalsconnectedwithwhereIwantedtogoinlife.Self-prioritization(自我優(yōu)先)hashelpedmecreategoalsIcangohardonallyear.Self-prioritizedgoalshaveledtoabettermeforeveryoneelseinmylife.Lifeismore___35___sincemakingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting.Understandingandcarryingoutself-prioritizationinyourgoal-settingcangreatly___36___howyoureachyourgoalsandworkonbecomingthebestversionofyourself.22.A.tried B.ignored C.replaced D.achieved23.A.productive B.joyful C.colorful D.novel24.A.pickedup B.messedup C.turnedaway D.fadedaway25.A.confused B.defeated C.frightened D.unsatisfied26.A.turning B.starting C.breaking D.meeting27.A.intending B.promising C.longing D.struggling28.A.boring B.unhealthy C.dangerous D.direct29.A.example B.pride C.disappointment D.annoyance30.A.impressed B.tested C.attracted D.changed31.A.enjoyed B.connected C.righted D.dreamed32.A.discussing B.studying C.choosing D.judging33.A.journey B.approach C.answer D.solution34.A.ability B.definitions C.importance D.intention35.A.rewarding B.precious C.beautiful D.mysterious36.A.imply B.improve C.contain D.control〖答案〗22.D23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.B29.C30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.A36.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)面臨一系列的不順利，到了崩潰的邊緣，于是開(kāi)始尋求改變，把自己放在第一位，努力成為最好的自己?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我就是那種每年都設(shè)定同樣目標(biāo)卻很少實(shí)現(xiàn)的人——一個(gè)也沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)。A.tried嘗試；B.ignored忽視；C.replaced代替；D.achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“setthesamegoalseveryyear”此處指沒(méi)能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。故選D。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每年我都熱熱鬧鬧地開(kāi)始，準(zhǔn)備好迎接豐收的一年，但這種活力在2月底就消失了。A.productive多產(chǎn)的；B.joyful快樂(lè)的；C.colorful多彩的；D.novel新穎的。根據(jù)上文“Istartedhotandreadyfora”指作者每年熱鬧地制定很多目標(biāo)，準(zhǔn)備好迎接豐收的一年，故選A。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：每年我都熱熱鬧鬧地開(kāi)始，準(zhǔn)備好迎接豐收的一年，但這種活力在2月底就消失了。A.pickedup撿起；B.messedup弄亂；C.turnedaway轉(zhuǎn)移；D.fadedaway消失。根據(jù)上文“butthatenergy”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明這種活力在2月底就消失了。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每到年末，我都感到挫敗。A.confused困惑的；B.defeated被擊敗的；C.frightened害怕的；D.unsatisfied不滿足的。根據(jù)上文可知作者每年都沒(méi)能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，所以感到挫敗。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年底，我到了崩潰的邊緣。A.turning轉(zhuǎn)彎；B.starting開(kāi)始；C.breaking崩潰，打破；D.meeting遇見(jiàn)。后文列舉了作者一系列的不順利，所以是到了崩潰的邊緣。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我厭倦了超重和破產(chǎn)，厭倦了掙扎著支付賬單，厭倦了不健康的人際關(guān)系，厭倦了對(duì)生活中的人感到失望。A.intending打算；B.promising承諾；C.longing渴望；D.struggling努力。根據(jù)后文“topaymybills”指作者支付賬單很掙扎，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我厭倦了超重和破產(chǎn)，厭倦了掙扎著支付賬單，厭倦了不健康的人際關(guān)系，厭倦了對(duì)生活中的人感到失望。A.boring無(wú)聊的；B.unhealthy不健康的；C.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；D.direct直接的。根據(jù)上文“Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke”可知，主要列舉了作者一系列的不順利，推測(cè)是不健康的關(guān)系。故選B。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我厭倦了超重和破產(chǎn)，厭倦了掙扎著支付賬單，厭倦了不健康的人際關(guān)系，厭倦了對(duì)生活中的人感到失望。A.example例子；B.pride驕傲；C.disappointment失望；D.annoyance煩惱。根據(jù)上文提到了作者的人際關(guān)系不健康，所以是對(duì)生活中的人感到失望。故選C。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我說(shuō)了“夠了”，并于2017年初開(kāi)始在一個(gè)改變了我的地方——夏威夷毛伊島。A.impressed使印象深刻；B.tested測(cè)試；C.attracted吸引；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork”可知，作者開(kāi)始在2017年改變自己。故選D。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天早上都在海灘上靜靜地反思，調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)來(lái)處理創(chuàng)傷。A.enjoyed欣賞；B.connected連接；C.righted糾正；D.dreamed夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)后文“mymentalitytoprocesstrauma”指作者調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)來(lái)處理創(chuàng)傷。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了幾天時(shí)間研究如何在我想要的領(lǐng)域提升自己，然后開(kāi)始工作。A.discussing討論；B.studying學(xué)習(xí)；C.choosing選擇；D.judging判斷。根據(jù)后文“howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto”指作者研究如何在想要的領(lǐng)域提升自己，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：離開(kāi)毛伊島后，我變了一個(gè)人，成為最好的自己的旅程從未停止過(guò)。A.journey旅程；B.approach方法；C.answer回答；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)后文“tobecomingthebestversionofmyselfhasn’tstoppedsince”可知，作者開(kāi)始了成為最好的自己的旅程。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最大的認(rèn)識(shí)之一就是把自己放在第一位，并制定與我想要的生活方向相關(guān)的目標(biāo)。A.ability能力；B.definitions定義；C.importance重要性；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)后文“ofputtingmyselffirst”指把自己放在第一位的重要性是作者最大的認(rèn)識(shí)之一。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：生活變得更有意義了，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谠O(shè)定目標(biāo)的時(shí)候，改變了自己的優(yōu)先順序。A.rewarding有意義的；B.precious寶貴的；C.beautiful美麗的；D.mysterious神秘的。根據(jù)后文“makingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting”可知，當(dāng)我們把自己放在了第一位，生活變得更有意義。故選A。【36題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在你的目標(biāo)設(shè)定中理解并執(zhí)行自我優(yōu)先級(jí)可以極大地改善你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的方式，并努力成為最好的自己。A.imply暗示；B.improve改善；C.contain包含；D.control控制。呼應(yīng)上文“howtopromotemyself”此處指改善實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的方式。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Myrelationshipwithneedleswasnotveryclose.Ionlyrecentlyovercamemyfearofgettingmyblooddrawn.SowhenI____37____(offer)theopportunitytotryacupuncture(針灸)forthefirsttimeformyanxietyand____38____(tense),Iwasuneasy.Anyway,ItriedoutNewYork’snewlyopenedacupuncturestudio,WTHN.Theplaceisbeautiful,simplebutmodern.Myacupuncturistfirstinquired____39____Iwaslookingtoachievebycompletingthissession.ThenIsettledfacedownontotheheatedtableandcomfortablylaythere____40____theguidanceoftheacupuncturist.Sheinserted(插入)hair–thinneedlesintomyanklesandslowlyworkedherwayup,____41____(hit)certainpointsthroughoutmybody,untilshearrivedatmyhead.Witheachneedle,Ifeltabitofpressure,butnopain.Afterallneedleswereinserted,sheexplainedthatIwasgoingtoliein____42____positionforthenext20–25minutestolet____43____(they)workmagic.Theideaofneedlesbeingplacedintocertainpartsofyourbodysoundedlikeahorrorfilmwhen____44____(describe)outloudforme;however,aftertryingacupuncture,Icouldtellyouthatitwas____45____(complete)different.Thisapproachallowedmetocalmdowntotally____46____stepawayfromthethingsthatwerecausingmestresstofocusonmyhealth.〖答案〗37.wasoffered38.tension39.what40.under41.hitting42.the43.them44.described45.completely46.and【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者害怕針，直到最近才克服對(duì)抽血的恐懼，所以第一次在紐約的一個(gè)針灸館做針灸時(shí)，她內(nèi)心很忐忑，但結(jié)果讓作者很意外，針灸讓作者完全平靜下來(lái)，把注意力從那些給她造成壓力的事情上移開(kāi)，專(zhuān)注于她的健康。【37題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：所以，當(dāng)我第一次有機(jī)會(huì)嘗試用針灸來(lái)緩解我的焦慮和緊張時(shí)，我感到不安。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為謂語(yǔ)；結(jié)合下文作者針灸的經(jīng)歷可知，作者有了（即被提供了）針灸的機(jī)會(huì)，所以此處主語(yǔ)I與offer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再根據(jù)主句用的一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，從句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填wasoffered?！?8題詳析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：所以，當(dāng)我第一次有機(jī)會(huì)嘗試用針灸來(lái)緩解我的焦慮和緊張時(shí)，我感到不安。空處與anxiety并列作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用tense的名詞形式，tension意為“（情緒上的）緊張，煩躁”。故填tension。【39題詳析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我的針灸師首先詢問(wèn)我希望通過(guò)完成這次治療達(dá)到什么目的?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在句中作achieve的賓語(yǔ)，表達(dá)“達(dá)到什么目的”之意，用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。【40題詳析】考查固定搭配。句意：然后，在針灸師的指導(dǎo)下，我面朝下舒適地趴在加熱的床上。此處是固定搭配：undertheguidanceofsb.意為“在某人的指導(dǎo)下”。故填under?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：她把細(xì)如發(fā)絲的針插入我的腳踝，慢慢地向上，刺中我全身的某些部位，直到她針灸到我的頭部?？仗幨欠侵^