廣東省深圳市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中英語試題（含答案）

廣東省深圳市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六七總分評分一、第一部分閱讀理解，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀理解TheYoungScholarsProgramTheUniversityofMaryland'sYoungScholarsProgramisaperfectsummercampforacademicallytalentedteenagerswhowanttoearncollegecredits,pursueacademicinterestsordiscovercollegelifeattheUniversityofMaryland.Theprogramischallengingandmeaningful.Studentshavetheopportunitytoshowthattheycanbesuccessfulinauniversityenvironment.TheActivitiesDuringthreeweeksofexploration,teenspreviewtheuniversityexperience,studywithstudentswhosharesimilarinterestsandcommunicatewiththebestteachersoftheUniversityofMarylandinadynamicandchallengingclassroomenvironment.StudentscanhavetripstonearbyWashington,D.C.andenjoymovienightsandactivitiesatthestudentunion.Workshopsandseminarsfeaturingspeakersinacademicfieldsfurtherenrichthelearningexperience.TheCoursesTheYoungScholarsProgramofferscollegecoursesthatareatthecuttingedgeoftheory,thoughtandtechnology.ClassesgenerallymeeteverydayfromMondaytoFriday.TheprogramisagreatintroductiontotheUniversityofMaryland.ParticipantscanbenefitfromtheUniversityofMaryland'svastresources,includinglibraries,computersandinstructionallabs.TheRewardsUponprogramcompletion,teenswillgohomewithbetterpreparationsforthecollegeexperience—bothacademicallyandsocially.Inaddition,studentsearnthreecollegecreditsthatposttotheUniversityofMarylandtranscript(成績單).TheApplicationTheapplicationprocessincludessubmissionoftheapplication,highschooltranscriptandaletterofrecommendation.Ages:14-18Mailingaddress:TheUniversityofMarylandCollegeParkFormoreinformation,call3014057762.1．WhichisNOTtrueabouttheprogramaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Itisintendedforcollegestudents.B．Itcanoffercollegecreditsforteens.C．It'sworthparticipating.D．Itcanletteensexperiencecollegelifeinadvance.2．Whatcanteensdoduringthreeweeksoftheprogram?A．TheycanlearnfromthebeststudentsoftheUniversityofMarylandB．TheycanjointhestudentunionoftheUniversityofMaryland.C．Theycanattendameetingforacademicdiscussion.D．Theycanattendclasseseveryday.3．Ifyouwanttoapplyfortheprogram,youneed____.A．previewtheuniversityenvironmentaheadoftimeB．takeaparttimejobintheuniversity'slibraryC．submithighschooltranscriptD．call3014057762tocontacttheuniversityfirst.閱讀理解ABritishwoman,Dr.Mantri,growingupinIndiastartedtonoticehisson,Dhruv,wasstrugglingwithsimplearithmeticwhenhewasinfifth-grade.Afternoticingthis,shestartedemployinganabacus（算盤）tohelphersonvisuallycomprehendmathematics."Iwouldaskhimsomethinglike35minus13andhecouldn'tdoit."saidDhruv'smomDr.Mantri."Idecidedtochangethewayhelookedatnumbers,"shesaid."Anabacusisatriedandtestedmethod,andtheEgyptiansusedthemforbuildingthepyramid."Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacusandwouldgoontobecomeawhizzkidwithnumbers,withevenhisclassmates'parentsreachingoutforhelp.Sheneverthoughtshewouldteachhersonusinganabacus,whichsheusedasachildinIndiaanditwasalwayshelpful.Withinsixdaysshestartedtonoticeadifferenceandseeresults.Sodramaticwastheturnaroundthatschoolstaffaskedhimtoperformwiththeabacusatanassembly,wheresomeparentsevencametoaskforadviceonusingitfortheirkids.ITspecialistDr.Mantrisaidthehumbleabacuscanbeusedforcalculationsintothetrillionsandkidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit'slikeagame."Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren,foritfeelslikeagame.Ithinkthesuccesscomesbecausechildrencantouchandfeelanabacusandvisualizethem."Sheadded.Bytheageof12,Dhruvwasgivingonlinecybersecurityseminarsandisnowpursuingacareerindatascienceandanalytics.Dhruvhasnowlandedanapprenticeship（實(shí)習(xí)）ataninternationalfirm.Duringthefour-yearapprenticeship,hewillspendonedayaweekstudyingDataScienceandArtificialIntelligenceatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity."HeissoconfidentnowandIamsoproud,"shesaid,withDhruvadding"Idon'tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime."4．WhydidDhruvhavedifficultyinlearningmathematics?A．Hewasfacedwithlanguagebarrier.B．Hedidn'tfindaproperway.C．Hesufferedfromeyesightproblems.D．Helackedacademicsupportfromthefamily.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"whizz"inparagraph2mean?A．Careful. B．Diligent. C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.6．Whydokidslikelearningonabacusaccordingtothetext?A．Theyfinditappealing. B．Theycancalculatefaster.C．Theyenjoyplayinggames. D．Theyareeagerforsuccess.7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．DhruvwasaddictedtotheInternetat12.B．Dhruvisteachingdatascienceandanalyticsnow.C．Dhruvisafull-timestudentatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity,D．Dhruv'scareerchoicewasbeyondhisteacher'sexpectation.閱讀理解InMay2012,Australia'sMacquarieDictionaryandtheMcCannAdvertisingAgencygatheredagroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone.Theycalledthephenomenon"phubbing",anddefineditas"theactofsnubbing(無視)someoneinasocialsettingbylookingatyourphoneinsteadofpayingattention."It'snottheusualwaywordsbegintoexist.Amonthlater,thefirstexampleofphubbinginamajornewspaperappearedinalettertotheeditorofTheAge,publishedinMelbourne.Sincethen,thewordhasappearedinvariousmediatheworldover.PhubbinghasyettobefullyadoptedintheU.S.,butwehavecollectedsomeevidenceofitinuse.On29September2015,JamesA.RobertswroteintheHuffiningtonPost,"Inthepresentcase,phubbingisacombinationofthewordsphoneandsnubbing.Tobephubbedistobesnubbedbysomeoneusingtheircellphonewhileinyourcompany.The‘phubb'couldbeaninterruptionofyourconversationwithsomeonewhenheorsheusestheircellphoneorisdistractedbyit(stealglanceswhentheythinkyou'renotlooking)insteadofpayingattentiontoyou.Maybeworse,you'vebeenphubbedifsomeoneusedtheircellphoneinsteadofcommunicatingwithyouwhilestayingclosetoyou.Oh,theshame."Themeaningandvariousformsofthewordhaveyettosettleout.Isitphubbingifyou'restaringatyourtabletinsteadofyourphone?Isthesingularnoun(andthebaseformoftheverb)spelledphubb,asintheexampleabove,orphub,asinsomeothersources?Thesearethesortsofquestionswe'llneedanswerstobeforewe'rereadytoconsiderphubbinganditsrelationsforentry.Inthemeanwhile,youcanofcourseusephubbingifyoufeeltheneed.Itseemswealldothesedays.8．WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytalkaboutphubbing?A．Itsusage. B．Itsbirth.C．Itsinfluence. D．Itsdefinition.9．WhatmayphubbingprobablyleadtoaccordingtoJamesA.Roberts?A．Obviousembarrassmentinlife.B．Heavyrelianceoncellphones.C．Completeignorancebyyourfriends.D．Permanentbreakupofrelationship.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphaboutthewordphubb?A．Itarousesheatedarguments. B．Itprovestobesettled.C．It'snotincludedinadictionary. D．It'snotdifficulttounderstand.11．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WherePhubbingLeadsUs?B．WhyPhubbingRuinsOurLife?C．WhatMakesPhubbingCommonlySeen?D．HowPhoneSnubbingBecomesPhubbing?閱讀理解Whatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andculturearehighonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimalkingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillashaveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoftenthinkofasuniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.Amongtheinvertebrates(無脊椎動(dòng)物),octopuses(八爪魚)areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness.Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedtoothers.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies—grandmother,mother,anddaughter—allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheyareinteractingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.12．Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey____.A．a(chǎn)renoteasytofoolB．preferfruittovegetablesC．haveaspecialtasteforfoodD．haveanawarenessofequality13．Whatdooctopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?A．Socialinteraction. B．Intelligence.C．Toolusingability. D．Fun-lovingspirits.14．Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?A．Theytendtohuntingroups.B．Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.C．Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.D．Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.15．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.B．Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.C．Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.D．Dolphins'abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.二、第一部分閱讀理解，第二節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In2013,digitalmediaconsultantBaratundeThurstonlaunchedanexperiment.Hedecidedtodisconnectfromhisonlinelifefortwenty-fivedays:noFacebook,noTwitter,notevene-mail.Heneededthebreak.16．Itdidn'ttakehimlongtoadjusttoadisconnectedlife.Bytheendofthatfirstweek,hewaslessstressedaboutnotknowingnewthings.17．HeenjoyedfoodwithoutTwitteringtheexperience.Buttheendcametoosoon.Afterthetwenty-fivedays.hehadtorestorehisonlinepresence.HisexperimentsummarizestwoimportantpointsaboutourrelationshipwithsocialnetworkslikeFacebookandTwitter.Thefirstpointisthatweincreasinglyrecognizethatthesetoolsfragment(碎裂)ourtimeandreduceourabilitytoconcentrate.18．Buttheproblemisespeciallyseriousifyou'reattemptingtoimproveyourabilitytoworkdeeply.Tofightbackagainstthesedistractions,ThurstonfelthisonlyoptionwastoquittheInternetaltogether.ButtheproblemisthatnooneismeanttoactuallyfollowThurston'slead.19．Thatistoacceptourcurrentdistractedstateasunavoidable.ThisbringsmetothesecondpointsummarizedbyThurston'sstory:itdidn'ttakehimlongoncetheexperimentendedtoslidebackintothefragmentedstatewherehebegan.Thisruleproposesathirdoption:acceptingthatthesetoolsmightbevitaltoyoursuccessandhappiness,butmeanwhileacceptingthatmostpeopleshouldbeusingfewersuchtools.Iwon'taskyou,inotherwords,toquittheInternetaltogetherlikeThurstondid.20．Thereisamiddleground,andifyou'retodevelopadeepworkhabit,youmustfighttogetthere.A.Hestruckupconversationswithstrangers.B.Itisarealproblemformanydifferentpeople.C."Iwasburntout,fried,anddone,"heexplained.D.Thisrealityaccountsfortheremainingalternative.E.Hehadtoreturntotheonlineworldwithbookstomarket.F.ButI'llaskyoutorejectthestateofhighlydistractedconnectedness.G.Fortunately,youwillbreakthehabitofsurfingtheInternetgradually.三、第二部分語言應(yīng)用，第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasneververyneat.Yet,whenIarrivedatcollege,myroommatedidn'tseemtoappreciatemy21．.Iamnotsurewhythey22．ustogether.Kimwasextremelyorganized.She23．everythingandeachitemsheownedhaditsplace.Wewerealwayshavingahardtimewitheachother.ShewouldbemadatmydirtyclothesandIwould24．washingpowderheadaches.ShewouldpushmyclothingovertoonesideandIwouldlayoneofmybooksonher25．desk.However,itallcametoanendonelateeveningandIdidn'tevenknowwhywehadbothreturnedtoeachother's26．.Whenthephonerang,shepickeditupandIcouldtellfromherendoftheconversationthatherfatherwas27．ill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawledunderhercoversandIcouldhearherquiet28．.ThoughIdidn'tmeanforittohappen,1couldfeelthewarmfeelingsof29．risingupinmyheart.Itwassomethingnogirlshould30．a(chǎn)lone.Whattodo?IsmiledasIgottheidea.Slowly,1begantoclearupmysideoftheroom.Itookbackthe31．Ihadsetonherdesk.Igotso32．inmyworkthatIdidn'tevennoticeKimhadcomeoutfromunderthecovers.Shewaswatchingmyeverymove,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeof33．.WhenIwasfinallydone,Iwentandsatattheendofherbed.Herhandwaswarmasit34．overtograspmine.IlookedupintoKim'seyesandshesmiledatme.KimandIstayedroommatesfortherestofthatyear.Wedidn'talwaysseeeyetoeye,butwelearnedthe35．tolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.21．A．untidiness B．dignity C．privilege D．capability22．A．persuaded B．stuck C．limited D．recorded23．A．recognized B．a(chǎn)cquired C．simplified D．labeled24．A．puzzleabout B．inquireaboutC．complainabout D．jokeabout25．A．newly-furnished B．neatly-arrangedC．fully-occupied D．well-designed26．A．a(chǎn)nnoyance B．companyC．responsibility D．a(chǎn)bsence27．A．deadly B．slightly C．moderately D．gradually28．A．breathing B．murmuring C．warning D．sobbing29．A．forgivenessB,anxiety B．understandingC．comfort 30．A．sortout B．comeacrossC．switchoff D．gothrough31．A．book B．sock C．clothing D．pencil32．A．a(chǎn)bsorbed B．relieved C．overwhelmed D．deserted33．A．disappointment B．nervousnessC．disbelief D．frustration34．A．knocked B．reached C．swept D．got35．A．a(chǎn)im B．a(chǎn)greement C．objection D．key四、第二部分語言應(yīng)用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thecombinationofmusicandstudyhaslongbeen36．sourceofdisagreementbetweenadultsandchildren.Parentsandteachersalikemaintainthat37．(silent)isimportantwhenlearning,whereasyoungstersinsistthat38．(they)favouritesoundshelpthemconcentrate.Nowastudyshowsthatthe39．(grown-up)havebeenrightallalong.PsychologistsinFloridatestedhowfaststudentswroteessays40．a(chǎn)ndwithoutmusicinthebackground.They41．(find)thatthesoundsslowedprogressdownbyaboutsixtywordsperhour."Thisdemonstrates42．(clear)thatitisdifficulttocopewithlisteningandwritingatthesametime,"saidDr.Sarah.Shealsocametotheconclusion43．itisamyththatinstrumentalmusicislessdisturbingthansongs."Alltypesofmusichadthesameeffect,"shesaidinherreport."One'sabilitytopayattentionandwritefluentlyislikely44．(disturb)bybothsongsandinstrumentalmusic."sheadded.Dr.Sarahclaimedtheresearchdemonstratedthattheideathatmusiccouldimproveperformancewaswrong."Writinganessayisacomplextask.You45．(recall)informationandputtingitinorder.Butwhatisparticularlyworryingisthatmoreandmoreteenagersarestudyinginfrontofthetelevision."五、第三部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，第一節(jié)用所給詞匯的正確形式填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）46．Havinganextrabathroomwasatfirstal(奢侈品),butafterwehadchildrenitbecameanecessity.47．Nothinginlifeismoreexcitingandr(值得做的)thanthesuddenflashofinsightthatleavesyouachangedperson;notonlychanged,butchangedforthebetter.48．Justasweneedlearntoswimbypracticingswimming,it'swidelya(承認(rèn))thatwemasterEnglishbypracticingit.49．Therobotisnotmeanttohavegreatintelligence,butitismeanttohaves(充足的)intelligencetodoboring,repetitive,ordangeroustasksthathumanswouldprefernottodo.50．Ourdefeatwasexpectedbutitisdisappointingn(盡管如此).51．Customerservicerepresentativesaretrainedtohandlee(遭遇)withangrycustomers.52．Theoneswhohadbeenl(貼標(biāo)簽)giftedaschildrenhadlowerpsychologicalwell-beingandfeltliketheirliveshaddisappointedeveryone'sexpectations.53．Thenonprofitorganizationprovidesaccuratefiguresanda(分析),butopposesuseofthedeathpenalty.54．ThefitnessappcouldtakeintoaccountmylunchandthenumberofstepsI'vewalkedtot(定做)aworkoutforme.55．Thecompany'sc(承諾)toprovidingqualityatareasonablepricehasbeenvitaltoitssuccess.56．Itisgenerallybelievedthatthenewvirusspeededthet(傳輸)ofthedisease.57．Theresidentsliveseparatelybutsharebiga(電器)suchaswashingmachinesandcars.58．Ifyou'rewalkingdowntherightpathandyou'rewillingtokeepwalking,e(最后)you'llmakeprogress.59．There'snowaythroughthecentreoftowninav(車輛)——it'sforpedestriansonly.60．Themainreasonforpickingorangeisthatthishueisoneofthemostv(看得見的)forsearchandrescue,includingsearescue.六、第三部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，第二節(jié)選詞填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)句意，從所給詞組中挑選合適的一項(xiàng)并用其正確形式完成句子，其中有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)carryon;providefor;onthebasisof;inthissenseresultin;liveoff;appealto;cometopowerrunout;keepintouchwith;wearandtear;tosomeextent61．Milkteahasbecomeapopulardrink,alotofyoungpeople.62．Onecanneverdenythefactthatweallsufferfromsuchhumanweaknessesasidleness,moodiness,jealousyandvanity.63．,evolutionjustmeanschange,andnoonecandenythatthesechangesarehappening.64．Insteadmyfathertaughtmewhatheknew:thatbeingamanwasaboutsacrificeanddoingwhateveryoucantotakecareofandyourfamily.65．EmperorKangXitookaseriesofmeasurestodevelopthenation'seconomyafter.66．Itisdangeroustojudgefirstimpressions.67．Whenyouhavedifficultiesinyourlife,remembertokeepcalmand,andyouwillsucceedintheend.68．Researchersfindthatdietshighinfiberandlowinrefinedgrains,meatandsugarslessweightgain.69．Socialmediahasmadeitmucheasiertooldfriendsandacquaintances.70．Thoughheisthirty,heisstillhisparents.Heshouldbecomemoreself-reliant.七、第四部分應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）71．在學(xué)校剛舉辦的科技創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)大賽中，你設(shè)計(jì)的一款老人智能陪護(hù)機(jī)器人榮獲一等獎(jiǎng)。請以"MyIntelligentRobotfortheElderly"為題寫一篇英語課堂前的一分鐘匯報(bào)，內(nèi)容包括：1．設(shè)計(jì)目的；2．功能介紹；3．你的期望。注意：寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．C3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了馬里蘭大學(xué)的青年學(xué)者計(jì)劃的相關(guān)信息。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"TheUniversityofMaryland'sYoungScholarsProgramisaperfectsummercampforacademicallytalentedteenagerswhowanttoearncollegecredits,pursueacademicinterestsordiscovercollegelifeattheUniversityofMaryland."馬里蘭大學(xué)的青年學(xué)者計(jì)劃是一個(gè)完美的夏令營，適合那些想在馬里蘭大學(xué)獲得大學(xué)學(xué)分、追求學(xué)術(shù)興趣或探索大學(xué)生活的有學(xué)術(shù)天賦的青少年。可知，該計(jì)劃針對的是想在馬里蘭大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的青少年，而不是大學(xué)生，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A。2．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)TheActivities部分中的"Duringthreeweeksofexploration,teenspreviewtheuniversityexperience,studywithstudentswhosharesimilarinterestsandcommunicatewiththebestteachersoftheUniversityofMarylandinadynamicandchallengingclassroomenvironment."在為期三周的探索中，青少年們在充滿活力和挑戰(zhàn)的課堂環(huán)境中預(yù)覽大學(xué)經(jīng)歷，與有相似興趣的學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)，并與馬里蘭大學(xué)最好的老師交流。可知，青少年們可以與老師進(jìn)行交流，并與有相似興趣的學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)，可推知，青少年們可以參加有關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)討論的會(huì)議。故選C。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheApplication部分中的"Theapplicationprocessincludessubmission(提交)oftheapplication,highschooltranscriptandaletterofrecommendation."申請程序包括提交申請、高中成績單和推薦信?？芍?，要申請?jiān)擁?xiàng)目需要提交申請、高中成績單和推薦信。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B5．C6．A7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位英國女性Mantri用算盤幫助不擅長數(shù)學(xué)的兒子取得進(jìn)步的故事。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Afternoticingthis,shestartedemployinganabacus(算盤)tohelphersonvisuallycomprehendmathematics."注意到這一點(diǎn)后，她開始用算盤來幫助兒子直觀地理解數(shù)學(xué)；以及第二段中的"Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacusandwouldgoontobecomeawhizzkidwithnumbers"在短短6天里，他開始在算盤方面取得進(jìn)步，并成為了數(shù)字方面的能手?？芍珼hruv五年級時(shí)在算術(shù)方面很吃力，他的媽媽用算盤來幫助他直觀地理解數(shù)學(xué)，他取得了很大進(jìn)步，因此一開始Dhruv在學(xué)習(xí)算術(shù)方面有困難是因?yàn)樗麤]有找到合適的方法。故選B。5．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacus"在短短6天里，他開始在算盤方面取得進(jìn)步；以及"withevenhisclassmates'parentsreachingoutforhelp"甚至他同學(xué)的父母都向他求助?？芍?，此處指Dhruv在使用算盤后成為了數(shù)字方面的能手，whizz意為"優(yōu)秀的，出色的"。故選C。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ITspecialistDr.Mantrisaidthehumbleabacuscanbeusedforcalculationsintothetrillionsandkidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit'slikeagame.‘Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren,foritfeelslikeagame.Ithinkthesuccesscomesbecausechildrencantouchandfeelanabacusandvisualizethem.'Sheadded."IT專家Mantri博士說，簡單的算盤可以用來計(jì)算萬億，孩子們喜歡學(xué)習(xí)它，因?yàn)樗拖褚粋€(gè)游戲?！畬τ谀暧椎暮⒆觼碚f，它變成了一個(gè)游戲工具，因?yàn)樗杏X像一個(gè)游戲。我認(rèn)為成功的原因在于孩子們可以觸摸和感覺算盤，并將其形象化。'她補(bǔ)充道。可知，孩子喜歡用算盤學(xué)習(xí)是因?yàn)樗拖褚粋€(gè)游戲，對孩子來說有吸引力。故選A。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Idon'tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime."我認(rèn)為我的老師當(dāng)時(shí)不會(huì)想到我會(huì)從事數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)的職業(yè)?？芍?，Dhruv的職業(yè)選擇超出了老師的預(yù)期。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．B9．A10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了phubbing這個(gè)新詞的誕生。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段"InMay2012,Australia'sMacquarieDictionaryandtheMcCannAdvertisingAgencygatheredagroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone.Theycalledthephenomenon‘phubbing',anddefineditas‘theactofsnubbing(無視)someoneinasocialsettingbylookingatyourphoneinsteadofpayingattention.'It'snottheusualwaywordsbegintoexist."2012年5月，澳大利亞麥格理詞典和麥肯廣告公司召集了一組語言專家，為智能手機(jī)時(shí)代常見的一種現(xiàn)象命名。他們稱這種現(xiàn)象為"phubbing"，并將其定義為"在社交場合看手機(jī)而不注意的怠慢行為"。這不是文字存在的常見方式?？芍@一段主要講述如何產(chǎn)生了"phubbing"這個(gè)詞，以及它的意思，所以是講這個(gè)詞的誕生。故選B。9．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Tobephubbedistobesnubbedbysomeoneusingtheircellphonewhileinyourcompany.The‘phubb'couldbeaninterruptionofyourconversationwithsomeonewhenheorsheusestheircellphoneorisdistractedbyit(stealglanceswhentheythinkyou'renotlooking)insteadofpayingattentiontoyou.Maybeworse,you'vebeenphubbedifsomeoneusedtheircellphoneinsteadofcommunicatingwithyouwhilestayingclosetoyou.Oh,theshame.""被"phubbed"是指在陪同你的時(shí)候，那些人一直在用他們的手機(jī)，而你被人冷落。"phubb"可能是當(dāng)某人使用他或她的手機(jī)或被手機(jī)分心(在他們認(rèn)為你沒有注意的時(shí)候偷看他們)而不是注意你時(shí)，打斷你們的談話。也許更糟糕的是，如果有人在靠近你的時(shí)候使用手機(jī)而不和你交流，你一直被冷落。哦，真丟人?？芍?，"phubbing"可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致你被玩手機(jī)的朋友們忽視而感到丟人。故選A。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thesearethesortsofquestionswe'llneedanswerstobeforewe'rereadytoconsiderphubbinganditsrelationsforentry."在我們準(zhǔn)備考慮phubbing和它的相關(guān)為詞條之前，我們需要回答這些問題?？芍@個(gè)詞成為詞條之前還有許多問題要處理，因此推斷的這個(gè)詞還沒有被收錄入字典。故選C。11．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)第一段"InMay2012,Australia'sMacquarieDictionaryandtheMcCannAdvertisingAgencygatheredagroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone.Theycalledthephenomenon‘phubbing',anddefineditas‘theactofsnubbing(無視)someoneinasocialsettingbylookingatyourphoneinsteadofpayingattention.'It'snottheusualwaywordsbegintoexist."2012年5月，澳大利亞麥格理詞典和麥肯廣告公司召集了一組語言專家，為智能手機(jī)時(shí)代常見的一種現(xiàn)象命名。他們稱這種現(xiàn)象為"phubbing"，并將其定義為"在社交場合看手機(jī)而不注意的怠慢行為"。這不是文字存在的常見方式；以及最后一段中的"Themeaningandvariousformsofthewordhaveyettosettleout."這個(gè)詞的意思和各種形式還沒有確定。可知，整篇文章都是圍繞phubbing這個(gè)詞來討論的，從它的誕生，適用范圍，到還沒有確定的意思和各種形式。"PhoneSnubbing是如何變成Phubbing的？"適合做文章的標(biāo)題，故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．A14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了是什么讓人類如此特別?工具使用、自我意識(shí)、語言和文化都排在前列，但事實(shí)上，所有這些特征都可以在動(dòng)物王國的其他地方找到，并以海豚為例，說明了海豚文化和海豚的心智技能。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillashaveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes."人類和猿類是近親，所以黑猩猩會(huì)使用工具或者大猩猩有公平競爭的意識(shí)也就不足為奇了，當(dāng)它們看到自己的鄰居拿葡萄時(shí)，它們甚至?xí)芙^胡蘿卜(它們通常會(huì)接受)?？芍笮尚删芙^胡蘿卜的例子表明它們有平等意識(shí)。故選D。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段"Amongtheinvertebrates(無脊椎動(dòng)物),octopuses(八爪魚)areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness."在無脊椎動(dòng)物中，章魚以它們的智力而聞名，甚至顯示出頑皮、使用工具和個(gè)性的證據(jù)。但這些熟練的捕食者獨(dú)自生活，因此缺乏文化。另一方面，海豚是腦容量大、壽命長、以社會(huì)群體為基礎(chǔ)的掠食者，正是在這里，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們與類人文化和意識(shí)的最大相似之處。可知和海豚相比，章魚缺少社會(huì)互動(dòng)。故選A。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies-grandmother,mother,anddaughter-allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway."從這個(gè)意義上說，許多動(dòng)物都有文化，但讓海豚與眾不同的是它們傳承的文化。一些寬吻海豚嘴里銜著海綿，它們用海綿作為工具來清掃躲藏在海底的魚類。這種能力代代相傳(尤其是雌性)，一些家庭——祖母、母親和女兒——都以這種高度專門化的方式喂養(yǎng)?？芍尯ｋ辔幕绱颂貏e的是它們的狩獵技巧代代相傳。故選B。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark."海豚不僅能認(rèn)出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一個(gè)黑色的標(biāo)記，它會(huì)花額外的時(shí)間在鏡子前看這個(gè)標(biāo)記。可推知海豚識(shí)別自己倒影的能力是一種更高階的心智技能。故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了數(shù)字媒體顧問BaratundeThurston25天不上網(wǎng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)總結(jié)出社交媒體分散我們的時(shí)間且使我們集中注意力的能力下降，作者最后建議適度使用媒體社交工具。

【點(diǎn)評】考查七選五，本文是一篇科研類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Hedecidedtodisconnectfromhisonlinelifefortwenty-fivedays:noFacebook,noT