湖南省衡陽市重點(diǎn)名校2025屆高三下學(xué)期自測卷（一）線下考試英語試題含解析

湖南省衡陽市重點(diǎn)名校2025屆高三下學(xué)期自測卷（一）線下考試英語試題考生須知：1．全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。2．請(qǐng)用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。3．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．—________!Somebodyhasbrokenthevase!—Don’tlookatme.A．Comeon B．Hi,thereC．Thankgoodness D．Dearme2．Hardlyever______somanychoicesforyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforceastherearetoday.A．thereare B．therehavebeen C．havetherebeen D．a(chǎn)rethere3．ThemothergoesmadeverytimeshewashestheT-shirt__________hersonwipeshisdirtyhands.A．that B．whereC．which D．when4．---IsitconvenienttoyouifIcallyouupat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?---I’mafraidnot.I______ameetingthen.A．willhaveattended B．wasattendingC．willbeattending D．a(chǎn)mattending5．—NextMondayismybirthday.—Isthatso?______A．Ican’tbelievemyears.

B．I’msogladtohearthat.C．Whatpresentsdoyouwant?

D．Manyhappyreturnsoftheday!6．IwillbesurprisedifyoucangetCalvin,whoisaclose-fistedman,thesedonationdrawticketsfromyou.A．buy B．buyingC．buys D．tobuy7．—Can'tyoudrivealittlefaster?—No.IfI________anotherspeedingticket,mydadwouldtakeawaymycar.A．wouldget B．wouldhavegot C．hadgot D．got8．Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes’contributionsandsacrifices,we_____suchahappylife.A．wouldn’thaveled B．wouldn’tbeleadingC．haven’tled D．a(chǎn)renotleading9．Theoldcouple,________countrylife,wereunwillingtomovetothecitytolivewithhisson.A．a(chǎn)ccustomedto B．buriedinC．a(chǎn)ddictedto D．exposedto10．________bymanypotentialcustomers,thesalesmanhadtogatherhiscourageandselltheproductindifferentways.A.Havingdenied B．DenyingC．Beingdenied D．Havingbeendenied11．Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow_____laterinlife.A．willberepaid B．wasbeingrepaidC．hasbeenrepaid D．wasrepaid12．Atthebackoftheoldtemple__________twelvehugestonestatuestogetherwith__________pagoda.A．doesstand;a8-storeyed B．dostand;a8-storyC．stands;an8-storey D．stand;an8-storied13．John,________moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewcompanywithhisfriends.A．forwhose B．ofwhoseC．ofwhom D．forwhom14．_______theweather,thesportsmeetwillbeheldontime.A．Insteadof B．Inrelationto C．Regardlessof D．Infavorof15．—TheT--shirtIreceivedisnotthesameasisshownonline.—________？ButIpromiseyouwe’lllookintoitrightaway.A．Whosays B．HowcomeC．Whatfor D．Whyworry16．Janeisnotgoodatsports，butwhenittocooking，she’sexcellent．A．happens B．comes C．does D．occurs17．—I’msorryforbreakingthecup.—Oh,________.I’vegotplenty.A．helpyourself B．forgetitC．mypleasure D．pardonme18．IfeelIamaswell-behavedandascarefulasmydeskmate,but_______Ialwaysfallbehind?A．howabout B．howcomeC．whatif D．whatfor19．---Whereistheplane？Ican'tseeit.---Itwentoffits________________tokeepawayfromthesuddenstorm.A．course B．roadC．flight D．direction20．Ifyouwanttogofurtherinthenewsport,thebestwayisto______andpractisemorefrequently.A．diveinB．dropoutC．catchonD．springup第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Notlongago,peoplethoughtbabieswerenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheywerefiveorsixmonthsold.YetdoctorsintheUnitedStatessaybabiesbeginlearningontheirfirstdayoflife.Scientistsnotethatbabiesarestronglyinfluencedbytheirenvironment.Theysayababywillsmileifhermotherdoessomethingthebabylikes.Ababylearnstogetthebestcarepossiblebysmilingtopleasehermotherorothercaregivers.Thisishowbabieslearntoconnectandcommunicatewithotherhumanbeings.Onestudyshowsthatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn.Theresearchersplacedataperecorderonthestomachofapregnantwoman.Then,theyplayedarecordingofashortstory.Onthedaythebabywasborn,theresearchersattemptedtofindifheknewthesoundsofthestoryrepeatedwhileinhismother.Theydidthisbyplacingadeviceinthemouthofthenewbornbaby.Thebabywouldhearthestoryifhemovedhismouthoneway.Ifthebabymovedhismouththeotherway,hewouldhearadifferentstory.Theresearcherssaythebabyclearlylikedthestoryheheardbeforehewasborn.Theysaythebabywouldmovehismouthsohecouldhearthestoryagainandagain.Anotherstudyshowshowmotherscanstronglyinfluencesocialdevelopmentandlanguageskillsintheirchildren.Researchersstudiedthechildrenfromtheageofonemonthtothreeyears.Theresearchersattemptedtomeasurethesensitivityofthemothers.Thewomenwereconsideredsensitiveiftheysupportedtheirchildren’sactivitiesanddidnotinterfere(干預(yù))unnecessarily.Theytestedthechildrenforthinkingandlanguagedevelopmentwhentheywerethreeyearsold.Also,theresearchersobservedthewomenforsignsofdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidnotdoaswellintestsasthechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidpoorlyintestsoflanguageskillsandunderstandingwhattheyhear.Thesechildrenalsowerelesscooperativeandhadmoreproblemsdealingwithotherpeople.Theresearchersnotedthatthesensitivityofthemotherswasimportanttotheintelligencedevelopmentoftheirchildren.Childrendidbetterwhentheirmotherswerecaring,evenwhentheysufferedfromdepression.1、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatinfluencesintelligencedevelopmentinbabies?A．Theenvironment.B．TheirpeersC．Mother’ssensitivityD．Educationbeforebirth2、Whatisthepurposeoftheexperimentinwhichnewbornbabiesheardthestories?A．ToprovethatbabiescanlearnonthefirstdaytheyarebornB．ToshowmotherscanstronglyinfluenceintelligencedevelopmentintheirbabiesC．Toindicateearlyeducationhasadeepeffectonthebabies’languageskillsD．Toprovethatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn3、Whichgroupofchildrendidtheworstintestsoflanguageskills?A．ThechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepressionB．ThechildrenofdepressedbutcaringmothersC．ThechildrenofdepressedmotherswhocaredlittlefortheirchildrenD．Childrenwithhighcommunicationabilities4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ScientificfindingsabouthowintelligencedevelopsinbabiesB．ScientificfindingsabouthowbabiesdevelopbeforebirthC．Scientificfindingsabouthowtimehasaneffectonbabies’intelligenceD．Astudyshowsbabiesarenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheyarefiveorsixmonthsold22．（8分）HeartheWindBlowbyMaryDowningHahnOnacold,snowynight,13-year-oldHaswellMagrudermakesanimportantdecision.AwoundedConfederatesoldierappearsatthefamily’sfarm,andHaswellconvinceshismothertotakethemanin.Unfortunately,thissetsoffahorrificchainofeventsthatleavestheirhouseburnedtothegroundandtheirfarminruins.Withnohomeleft,Haswellsetsoutinsearchofhisolderbrother,aConfederatesoldier.GhostsofGreenglassHousebyKateMilfordThirteen-year-oldMilois,onceagain,spendingthewinterholidaysstuckinahousefullofguestswhoarenotwhattheyseem.Therearefreshcluestouncoverasfriendsoldandnewjoininhissearchforamysteriousmap.Theexcitingendingtothebelovedbookissuretothrillbothfansandnewcomers.MargeinChargebyIslaFisherJemimaandJakeButtondon’tknowwhattomakeoftheirnewbabysitter,Marge.Whenshefirstarrives,she’sdressedlikeagrandmaandlooksveryserious.ButassoonasMommyandDadaregone,Margeletsdownherhairandtheadventuresbegin.JemimaandJakearen’tsupposedtoshootapplejuiceoutofwaterguns,orthrowimpromptu(即興的)concertsduringmusicclass—butwithMargehere,everything’sgonemessy!MaxTilt:FiretheDepthsbyPeterLerangisWhen13yearoldMaxTiltfindshisgreat-great-grandfatherJulesVerne’sunfinished,unpublishedmanuscript(手稿),TheLostTreasures,hedoesn’trealizethathe’sfoundtheanswerstoallhisproblems.Herealizesthatthebookholdsthekeytosomethingincrediblyvaluable.Atreasurethatcansavehishouse—andmaybehisentirefamily.1、WhydidaConfederatesoldierenterthefamily’sfarm?A．Hewasinjured.B．Hewantedtosearchforamysteriousmap.C．Hedesiredtodestroythefarm.D．HewasfamiliarwithHaswell’sbrother.2、WhatmighthappenafterMomandDadleave?A．Margebecomesmorecruel.B．Margedressesherselflikeagrandma.C．JemimaandJakewillmakeapplejuice.D．JemimaandJakestartdoingsomethingcrazy.3、Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A．MaxTiltisfondofreadingfictions.B．MaxTilt’sfamilyhasbeenwealthy.C．TheunfinishedbookmattersalottoMax’sfamily.D．MaxTilthasbeenhuntingforsomelosttreasures.23．（8分）BrigitteBarthelemywaswalkingalongtheseashorejustnorthofFrance'sBordeauxwineregionwhenshediscoveredabottlelyingamongsomeseashells.Insideweretwopiecesofpaper.Onecontainedahand-drawnpictureofaseagull,whiletheotherwasamessageshowinghowlitterintheoceanisoftendeadlytothewaterbirds.ThebottleisthebrainchildofGeorgeBoorujy.From2011-2013,theartistdroppedovertwodozenbottlesintotheoceanfromaStatenIslandbeachinNewYork.EachcontainedanimageofawaterbirdandamessagesimilartotheoneBrigittefound.Boorujysayshewasinspiredtotakeactionafterbecomingawareoftheeffectthecarelesslythrownplastichasonwildlife.Researcherssaythataround90%ofseabirdshaveplasticintheirstomachs.Manychicks（雛鳥）diebecausetheirmothersunintentionallyfeedthembitsofplasticalongwiththeirfood.Boorujyhopeshismessagewillraiseawarenessaboutthedangerthatseabirdsface.Healsoenjoystheopportunitytogiveawayhisartandcreateauniqueexperienceforthefinder.Overtheyears,theartisthasreceivedcallsfromlotsofpeoplethathavediscoveredhisbottles.However,theywereallfoundclosetoStatenIsland,makingBrigitte'sdiscoveryevenmorespecial.NomatterhowthebottlereachedFrance,itsmessagehashadabiginfluenceonBrigitte.Shenotonlyplanstobemorerespectfuloftheenvironmentbutcontacted（聯(lián)系）thelocalbirdassociationtoseehowtheycouldhelp.Whilereceivingamessageinabottlecancertainlyhelpinspirepeople,Itshouldnotbenecessarytoremindushowdangerousourcarelesshabitsareforthemarinemammals（海洋哺乳動(dòng)物）andseabirds.Soremembertoreuse,recycleandmostimportantly,reduce.1、WheredidBrigittefindthebottle?A．InBordeaux.B．InNewYork.C．OnaFrenchbeach.D．OnStatenIsland.2、WhatdocsthebottlefoundbyBrigittecontain?A．Aseagull.B．Amessage.C．Someseashells.D．Someplastic.3、WhatmadeBrigitte’sdiscoverymorespecial?A．ShelivedclosetoStatenIsland.B．Somethingspecialinthebottle.C．Fewpeoplehadfoundthebottles.D．Theplacewhereshefoundthebottle.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthebottles?A．Theyareunnecessary.B．Theycaneducatethefinders.C．Theyareagreatwaytoshowart.D．Theycausedangertoseaanimals.24．（8分）It'shair-raisingnewsforcriminalsontherun.Scientistsbehindanewstudyhaveworkedouthowtoidentifyindividualsonlybasedontheproteins(蛋白質(zhì))inasinglestrandoftheirhair.WhilethepolicealreadylookatDNAfromhairaspartofinvestigations,thetechniqueisfarfromideal:DNAiseasilydegradable,meaningitcanonlybeanalyzedwithinacertaintimeperiodafterthecrime.Butthenewtechniquecouldevenbeusedtosolvehistoricalorarchaeologicalcases,makingitfarsuperiortoDNAsequencinginmanyways.DNAdegradationdependsonseveralenvironmentalfactorsincludingtemperature,humidityandPH.Itisalsoaffectedbytheactivityofbacteriaandothermicroorganisms.Incontrast,actualhairscansurviveforalongtime-----sometimescenturies.Afterbonesandteeth,hairisinfactoneofthemostresistantstructuresofthehumanbody.Inordertounderstandhowtheproteincanbeusedtoidentifyindividuals,itisimportanttounderstandmatproteinsarecodedbyDNA．Thismeansthatacertainlevelofthegeneticvariationthatweseeindifferentpeople'sDNApassesintotheirproteins.Infact,geneticinformationintheDNAistranslatedintoamino-acidchainsthatmakeupproteins.Themethodnotonlyallowsforhumanidentificationbutitcanalsorevealhowoldthesampleisandwhatregionitcomesfrom,sothatwecandistinguishbetweencurrentandancientsamples.Butwhilethediscoveryisexciting,thetechniqueisnotquitepolishedenoughtobeusedinthecourtroom.Themaintasknowwillbetoanalyzehairsamplesfromallovertheworld,whichwillmakeitalotmorereliable.Thenewdiscoverywillboostthesignificanceofhairasevidenceincourts,atatimewhensomeforensic(司法鑒定的)disciplineshavebeencriticizedintheUS.Itwillalsobeofgreatuseinarchaeology.1、What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．DNAevidenceisfarfromideal.B．Criminalsontherungethair-raisingnews.C．Scientistsareplanningatestofhumanhair.D．Humanscanbeidentifiedbyproteinsinhair.2、Whichevidenceismorereliableforthepolicetoidentifyacriminal?A．Lostteeth.B．Thefootprint.C．Personalbelongings.D．DamagedDNA．3、InwhatwayisthenewtechniquesuperiortoDNAtest?A．Servingasevidenceincourts.B．Possessinggeneticinformation.C．Inferringtheheightofaperson.D．Distinguishingtheregionofaperson.4、Whatwillscientistsdointhefollowingfewyears?A．Testhairsamplesworldwide.B．Legalizethehairevidence.C．Applyprotein-testtoarchaeology.D．MapthestructureofDNA．5、Whowillwelcomethediscovery?A．Criminals.B．Employers.C．Hairdressers.D．Archaeologists.25．（10分）Dec11,2016markedthe15thanniversaryofChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO).Nowthecountryhasgrownintotheworld'ssecond-largesteconomyandthelargesttradingcountry,whilemillionsChinesehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty.And15yearson,beingaWTOmemberhastransformedthenationseverydaylivesforthebetter.ImportsarenowacommonsightinChinesestoresandsupermarkets,whiletheywerepreviouslyrarelyseenonshelves.TheChinesenowhaveaccesstomanyimportsvaryingfromluxurygoodslikehigh-endcarsandfamousbrandwatchestodailynecessitieslikevegetablesandfruits.China’sWTOmembershiphasalsomadeimportslessexpensivefortheChinesepublic.Forinstance,since2005,notariffs(關(guān)稅）havebeenchargedonChineseimportsofdigitalcamerasandvideogames,alongwithotherdevices.Thishasmadethemlessexpensive.ChineseeducationindustryhasalsobenefitedfromChina’sWTOmembership.ManytopglobaluniversitieshavejoinedforceswithChineseonestoestablishcooperativeeducationinstitutions,bringingforeignteachingconceptstoChinesestudents.Forexample,NewYorkUniversityShanghaiwasjointlyfoundedbyNewYorkUniversityandEastChinaNormalUniversity.Inaddition,anincreasingnumberofChinesestudentsarefurtheringtheirstudiesabroad.AccordingtotheMinistryofducation,523,700studentsstudiedoverseaslastyear,andthenumberisexpectedtocontinuegrowingthisyear.China'sWTOentryhasbroughtbenefitsnotonlytothecountry’speople,butalsototherestoftheworld.However,somedrawbacksalsocomealongwiththemembership.Since2005manyChinesehavebeenunemployedinmanyfields,whichresultsinsomesocialproblems.1、WhatdoweknowaboutWTO?A．Itfocusesonwipingoutpoverty.B．ItacceptedChinaasamemberin2001.C．ItcelebratedChina’sentryintoWTOlastyearD．IthasturnedChinaintothelargesttradingcountry.2、AsforChineseimports,whatattract(s)peoplemost?A．Advancedelectronicdevices.B．High-endcarsandfamousbrandwatches.C．Notariffssincetheyear2005.D．Theirvarietiesandmorereasonableprices.3、WhatdoesthemembershipbringtoChineseeducationindustry?A．Morelargecampuses.B．Advancedteachingdevices.C．Differentteachingideas.D．Increasingforeignstudents.4、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．ThecharacteristicsofChineseimports.B．Thesocialproblemsinthepastfifteenyears.C．TheapparentbenefitsofChina'sWTOmembership.D．AdvantagesanddisadvantagesofChina’sWTOmembership.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）OnedayIvisitedanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusbandtofinishabusinessmeeting.Iwasexpectingaquiet1ofthesplendidartwork.Ayoung2viewingthepaintingsaheadofme3nonstopbetweenthemselves.Iwatchedthemamomentanddecidedtheladywasdoingallthetalking.Iadmiredtheman’s4forputtingupwithher5streamofwords6bytheirnoise,Imovedon.ImetthemseveraltimesasImoved7thevariousroomsofart,EachtimeIheardhercontinuousflowofwords,Imovedaway8.Iwasstandingatthecounterofthemuseumgiftshopmakinga9whenthecoupleapproachedthe10.Beforetheyleft,theman11intohispocketandpulledoutawhiteobject.He12itintoalongsickandthen13hiswayintothecoatroomtogethiswife’sjacket.“He′sa14man.”Theclerkatthecountersaid.“Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindedatsuchayoungage,Duringhisrecovery,hemadeapromisehislifewouldn’tchange.So,asbefore,heandhiswifecomein15thereisanewartshow.”“Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart?”Iasked.“Hecan’tsee.”“Can’tsee?You’re16.Heseesalot,MorethanyouandIdo,”theclerksaid,“Hiswife17eachpaintingsohecanseeitinhishead.”Ilearnedsomethingaboutpatience,18andlovethatday.Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwithout19andthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnot20blindnesstochangehislife.AndIsawthelovesharedbytwopeopleasIwatchedthiscouplewalkaway,theirarmsintertwined.1、A．view B．touch C．wander D．scenery2、A．lady B．man C．couple D．clerk3、A．yelled B．a(chǎn)rgued C．screamed D．chatted4、A．a(chǎn)ttempt B．patience C．wisdom D．independence5、A．vivid B．constant C．casual D．exciting6、A．Adopted B．Adapted C．Conducted D．Disturbed7、A．towards B．to C．through D．from8、A．a(chǎn)nxiously B．slowly C．quickly D．sensibly9、A．comment B．decision C．purchase D．profit10、A．entrance B．queue C．front D．exit11、A．plugged B．reached C．held D．bent12、A．lengthened B．made C．brought D．broadened13、A．led B．found C．forced D．tapped14、A．brave B．rough C．smart D．generous15、A．wherever B．whatever C．whenever D．whichever16、A．wrong B．silly C．equal D．unique17、A．describes B．draws C．shows D．decorates18、A．kindness B．courage C．enthusiasm D．pride19、A．support B．expectation C．sight D．confidence20、A．a(chǎn)llow B．hope C．get D．Cause第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）CathyMartinisahurricanehunterwiththeNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)Forsixmonthseachyear,sheispartofateamthatcollects1．shedescribesas“vitaldata,tosavelifeandproperty”Whenwindspickup,2．(spin)towardtheCaribbeanandUScoastline,Martinand3．(she)flightteamspringintoactionTheyuseinstrumentscalleddropsondes,which4．(set)freefromatubeatthebackoftheplaneAsadropsondemakesits10,000-footlandingintothesea,itsendsoutinformationaboutairtemperature,pressure,humidity,andthespeedand5．(direct)ofthewindOnaneight-hourflight,Martin’steam6．(typical)drops15to20dropsondeswhileflyingfromonesideofthestorm7．theother,tryingtocoverasmuchgroundaspossibleTheyheadforthecenter(oreye)ofthestorm,8．there’snowind,andalsosearch