英語(yǔ)-2022年廣東廣州中考考前押題密卷

絕密★啟用前|試題命制中心2022年廣東廣州中考考前押題密卷英語(yǔ)（本試卷共四大題，滿分90分。考試時(shí)間100分鐘。）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名，同時(shí)填寫考生號(hào)、座位號(hào)，再用2B鉛筆把對(duì)應(yīng)這兩個(gè)號(hào)碼的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用椽皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上；如需要改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動(dòng)的答案也不能超出指定的區(qū)域；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆、圓珠筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語(yǔ)法選擇（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ashipwasdamagedduringastormatsea.Onlytwosurvivorsaboardwereabletoswimto____1____small,desertlikeisland.Theysoonfoundtheislandwasempty.Notknowing____2____elsetodo,theydecidedtopraytoGod.TheyhopedtheGod____3____helpthem.However,tofindoutwhoseprayerswere____4____,theydecidedtodividetheareabetweenthemandstayonoppositesidesoftheisland.Thefirstthingtheyprayedforwasfood.Thenextmorning,thefirstmansawafruitbearingtreeonhissideoftheisland,andhewasabletopickthefruit____5____thetreeandeatit.Butthesecondman’slandremainedempty.Afteraweek,thefirstmanbecamelonelyanddecidedtoprayforawife.Thenextday,____6____shipwasdamaged.Theonlysurvivorwasawoman____7____swamtohissideoftheisland.Butonthesecondman’ssideoftheisland,therewasjustthepoorman.Soonthefirstmanprayedforahouse,clothesandmorefood.Thenextday,likemagic,allofthesethings____8____tohim.However,thesecondmanstillhad____9____.Thefirstmanprayedforaship.Minuteslater,ashipappeared.Heboardedtheshipwithhiswifeandrefused______10______thesecondman.Astheshipwasabouttoleave,thefirstmanheardavoicefromHeaven______11______,“You______12______yourpanionontheisland!Why?”“Myblessingsarejust______13______becauseIwastheonewhoprayedforthem,”thefirstmananswered.“Allofhisprayerswereunanswered______14______hedoesn’tdeserveanything.”“Youaremistaken!”thevoicereplied______15______“Hehadonlyoneprayer,whichIanswered.Ifnotforthat,youwouldnotreceivedanyofmyblessings.”“Tellme,”thefirstmanaskedthevoice,“Whatdidheprayfor?”“HeprayedthatIwouldanswerallyourprayers.”1.A.the B.a C.an D./2.A.that B.which C.who D.what3.A.can B.could C.should D.must4.A.powerful B.morepowerful C.mostpowerful D.themostpowerful5.A.from B.in C.with D.at6.A.theother B.another C.theothers D.other7.A.which B./ C.what D.who8.A.give B.gave C.weregiven D.aregiven9.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something10.A.take B.took C.taking D.totake11.A.tospeak B.tospeaking C.speaking D.spoke12.A.areleaving B.leave C.wasleft D.leaves13.A.my B.you C.mine D.myself14.A.but B.though C.or D.so15.A.angry B.angrily C.angrier D.anger【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.B5.A6.B7.D8.C9.A10.D11.C12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】本文主要講述了兩個(gè)人流落到孤島，一個(gè)人只是為自己祈禱，另一個(gè)善良的人總是為別人祈禱的故事。短文告訴我們幫助他人就是幫助自己，鼓勵(lì)我們要多地去幫助他人。1.句意：船上只有兩名幸存者能夠游到了一個(gè)像沙漠一樣的小島上。the定冠詞，表示特指；a不定冠詞，表示泛指，用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞之前；an不定冠詞，表示泛指，用于以元音音素開頭的單詞之前；/不填。根據(jù)句意，空處表示泛指，且samll以輔音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故選B。2.句意：由于不知道還能做什么，他們決定向上帝祈禱。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，沒有實(shí)在意義；which哪一個(gè)；who誰(shuí)；what……的事情。根據(jù)后句“theydecidedtopraytoGod.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)是不知道還能做什么事情，故空處應(yīng)是what。故選D。3.句意：他們希望上帝能幫助他們。can能；could能，can的過(guò)去式；should應(yīng)當(dāng)；must必須。承接前句“Notknowing…elsetodo,theydecidedtopraytoGod.”可推知，應(yīng)是希望上帝能幫助他們；主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故應(yīng)用could。故選B。4.句意：然而，為了找出誰(shuí)的祈禱更有力，他們決定將這片區(qū)域劃分開來(lái)，留在島的兩側(cè)。powerful形容詞原級(jí)；morepowerful形容詞比較級(jí)；mostpowerful形容詞最高級(jí)形式；themostpowerful形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)下句“theydecidedtodividetheareabetweenthemandstayonoppositesidesoftheisland.”可知，是兩個(gè)“祈禱”之間比較，故應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式。故選B。5.句意：他能從樹上摘下水果吃。from從；in在……里；with和某人一起；at在……。根據(jù)空后“thetree”可知，應(yīng)是從樹上摘下水果。故選A。6.句意：第二天，另一艘船受損。theother兩者中的另外一個(gè)；another三者或三者以上當(dāng)中的另外一個(gè)；theothers兩者中的另一部分；other別的、其他。承接上文“Ashipwasdamagedduringastormatsea.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)是另一艘船受損，故空處應(yīng)是another。故選B。7.句意：唯一的幸存者是一名游到他的島那一邊的女人。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞物；/不填；what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為人。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處的詞是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，且先行詞“awoman”為人，故引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用who。故選D。8.句意：第二天，像魔法一樣，所有這些東西都給了他。give一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；gave一般過(guò)去時(shí)；weregiven一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；aregiven一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。9.句意：然而，第二個(gè)人仍然一無(wú)所有。nothing沒有事情；anything任何事情；everything每件事情；something某件事情。承接前句“Thenextday,likemagic,allofthesethings…tohim.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和However的提示可知，應(yīng)是第二個(gè)人仍然一無(wú)所有。故選A。10.句意：他和妻子一起上了船，拒絕帶走第二個(gè)人。take動(dòng)詞原形；took動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；taking動(dòng)名詞形式；totake動(dòng)詞不定式refusetodosth.“拒絕干某事”，固定用法。故選D。11.句意：當(dāng)船要離開的時(shí)候，第一個(gè)人聽到一個(gè)聲音從天堂傳來(lái)。tospeak動(dòng)詞不定式；tospeaking介詞to加動(dòng)名詞形式；speaking現(xiàn)在分詞；spoke動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。根據(jù)后句“You…yourpanionontheisland!Why?”的語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)是hearsb.doingsth.“聽到某人正干某事”。故選C。12.句意：你要把你的同伴留在島上！為什么？areleaving現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示將來(lái)；leave一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；wasleft一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；leaves一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)上句“Heboardedtheshipwithhiswifeandrefused…thesecondman.”可推知，應(yīng)是要把同伴留在島上；句子是直接引語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。故選A。13.句意：“我的祈禱僅僅是我的，因?yàn)槲沂菫樗麄兤矶\的人，”第一個(gè)人回答。my我的，形容詞性物主代詞；you你，主格代詞；mine名詞性物主代詞；myself我自己。根據(jù)下句“Allofhisprayerswereunanswered…h(huán)edoesn’tdeserveanything.”可知，應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞mine。故選C。14.句意：他所有的祈禱都沒有得到回應(yīng)，所以他不應(yīng)該得到任何東西。but但是；though雖然；or或者；so因此。分析前后句句意可知，后句是前句引出的結(jié)果，故空處應(yīng)用so“因此”。故選D。15.句意：“你錯(cuò)了！”那個(gè)聲音憤怒地回答。angry生氣的，形容詞；angrily生氣地，副詞；angrier更生氣的，形容詞比較級(jí)；anger生氣，名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，空處的詞是修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞。故選B。二、完形填空（共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1625各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Oneday,aprofessorenteredtheclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theywaitedworriedlyattheirdesksforthetesttobegin.Theprofessor____16_____

thequestionpapers,withthepaperfacingdownasusual.Afterhegavethemallout,heaskedhisstudentstoturnthepaperandbegin.Toeveryone'ssurprise,therewerenoquestions,justablackdotinthecenterofthepage.Theprofessor,seeingthe___17____

oneveryone'sface,toldthemthefollowing:"Iwantyoutowritewhatyousee

there."Thestudentsgotstartedontheinexplicable(費(fèi)解的)task.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessor____18____

alltheanswerpapersandstartedreadingeachoneofthemaloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,withnoexception,describedtheblackdot,tryingtoexplainits___19____

inthemiddleofthesheet,etc.Afterallhadbeen___20_____,theclassroomwassilent,andtheprofessorbegantoexplain:"I'mnotgoingtogradethisjustwantedtogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.Noonewroteaboutthewhite

partofthepaper.Everyonefocusedontheblackdot,andthesamehappensinour__21____.Wehaveawhitepapertoobserve,butwealwaysfocusonthedarkspots.Ourlifeisa____22_____

giventouswithloveandcare,andwealwayshavereasonstocelebrate:naturerenewingitselfeveryday,ourfriendsaroundus,thejobthat___23____

ourlivelihoodandthemiracles(奇跡)weseeeveryday.However,weinsistonfocusingonlyonthedarkspots:thehealthproblemsthatworryus,thelackofmoney,the____24____

relationshipwithworkmates,the___25___

withafriend,etc.Thedarkspotsareverysmallparedtoeverythingwehaveinourdailylife,buttheyaretheonesthatpolluteourminds.16.A.handedout B.putdown C.tookback D.pointedat17.A.surprise B.sadness C.fear D.excitement18.A.collected B.exchanged C.marked D.selected19.A.direction B.position C.size D.colour20.A.revised B.answered C.returned D.read21.A.lives B.classrooms C.colleges D.studies22.A.symbol B.gift C.journey D.lesson23.A.earns B.develops C.provides D.changes24.A.specific B.unfriendly C.equal D.special25.A.stay B.contact C.satisfaction D.disappointment【答案】AAABDABCBD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了教授通過(guò)讓學(xué)生們做一份特殊的試卷而給學(xué)生們上了一堂生動(dòng)的哲理課：不要太關(guān)注人生的不完美，要好好享受我們所擁有的美好。16.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：教授像往常一樣把考卷朝下發(fā)給學(xué)生。A.handedout分發(fā)；B.putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓；C.tookback取回；D.pointedout指向。根據(jù)下文“Afterhegavethemallout”可知，教授進(jìn)教室后給學(xué)生們分發(fā)試卷。故選A。17.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教授看到大家臉上驚訝的表情，就告訴他們。A.surprise驚訝；B.sadness悲傷；C.fear害怕；D.excitement興奮。根據(jù)上文“Toeveryone'ssurprise”可知，此處是名詞surprise的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A。18.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：快下課的時(shí)候，教授收好了所有的答卷，開始在所有學(xué)生面前逐一朗讀。A.collected收集；B.exchanged交換；C.marked標(biāo)記；D.selected挑選。根據(jù)“andstartedreadingeachoneofthemaloudinfrontofallthestudents”可推知老師把分發(fā)下來(lái)的試卷收了上來(lái)。故選A。19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們無(wú)一例外地描述了黑點(diǎn)，試圖解釋它在紙中間的位置，等等。A.direction方向；B.position位置；C.size尺碼；D.color顏色。根據(jù)“inthemiddleofthesheet”可知，學(xué)生都在試圖解釋黑點(diǎn)的位置。故選B。20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：讀完這一切后，教室里安靜了下來(lái)，教授開始解釋。A.revised復(fù)習(xí)；B.answered回答；C.returned返回；D.read閱讀。根據(jù)“startedreadingeachoneofthemaloud”可知，此處是信息詞read的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。21考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都關(guān)注著那個(gè)黑點(diǎn)，同樣的事情也發(fā)生在我們的生活中。A.lives生活；B.classrooms教室；C.colleges大學(xué)；D.studies研究。根據(jù)下文“Ourlife”可知，教授用這件事來(lái)比喻生活。故選A。22.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生命是一份充滿愛和關(guān)懷的禮物，我們總是有理由慶祝:大自然每天都在更新，我們身邊的朋友，我們賴以生存的工作，以及我們每天看到的奇跡。A.symbol象征；B.gift禮物；C.journey旅行；D.lesson課，教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)“tocelebrate”可推知，我們的生活是一個(gè)充滿關(guān)愛的禮物。故選B。23.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生命是一份充滿愛和關(guān)懷的禮物，我們總是有理由慶祝:大自然每天都在更新，我們身邊的朋友，我們賴以生存的工作，以及我們每天看到的奇跡。A.earns賺得，掙得；B.develops發(fā)展；C.provides提供；D.changes改變。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“提供謀生手段的工作”。故選C。24.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們堅(jiān)持只關(guān)注那些黑點(diǎn):讓我們擔(dān)心的健康問(wèn)題、缺錢、與同事的關(guān)系不友好、對(duì)朋友的失望等等。A.specific明確的，具體的；B.unfriendly不友好的；C.equal平等的；D.special特殊的。根據(jù)“worry”和“l(fā)ack”以及“thedarkspots”可知此處是指與同事之間關(guān)系相處艱難。故選B。25.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們堅(jiān)持只關(guān)注那些黑點(diǎn):讓我們擔(dān)心的健康問(wèn)題、缺錢、與同事的關(guān)系不友好、對(duì)朋友的失望等等。A.stay停留；B.contact聯(lián)系；C.satisfaction滿足；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)上文描述“thehealthproblemsthatworryus,thelackofmoney,theunfriendlyrelationshipwithworkmates”可知，這些都是生活中讓人感到失望的事情。故選D。三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)、滿分35分）

第一節(jié)、閱讀理解（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從26~40各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsweremorethanasportingevent.Theywerealsoashowcase(展示)forscienceandtechnology.Let’slookatsome.AlotofdifferentkindsofrobotsservedvisitorsandathletesduringtheOlympics.SomemachineswereusedtoenforcesocialdistancingrequirementsrelatedtoCOVID19.Robotscouldalsotransportequipment,cleansurfaces,prepareandcarryfoodtolimithumantohumancontact.TheNationalSpeedSkatingOvalissaidtohave“thefastestice”because12newOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecordweresetthere.Thesecretisanewicemakingtechnology.Liquidcarbondioxide(液態(tài)二氧化碳)isputundertheicetokeeptemperaturechangesontheicesurfacewithinhalfadegree.Thatkeepstheiceflat.Flaticeiseasiertoskateon.Duringthespeedskatingrace,athletescanreachspeedsofupto18meterspersecond.Tocapture(捕捉)everyexcitingmomentofthepetition,LieBaowasusedfortheevent.LieBaocanrecordspeedsofupto25meterspersecond.Itcloselytracks(跟蹤)theathletes’movementsandcapturesvariousscenesduringspeedskating.GuAilinggotahistoricgoldmedalattheBeijingWinterOlympicsinthewomen’sfreestyleskiingBigAironFeb8.Shewon1withherfirst1620—fourandahalffullrotations(旋轉(zhuǎn))whichhavebeenpresentedtopeopleinthewayofa“timeslice”.Thesystemshowstheathletes’movementsfromtakeofftolandinginoneframe(畫面).26.LieBaowasusedduring________．Atheicehockeymatch B.theskijumpingeventC.thespeedskatingrace D.thefreestyleskiingevent27.________canshowthegamefromthebeginningtotheendinoneframe.A.Therobot B.ThefastesticeC.Thehighspeedcamera D.Thetimeslice28.Thenewicemakingtechnologyisto________．A.keeptheiceflatB.limithumantohumancontactC.captureeveryexcitingmomentofthepetitionD.keeptheiceatthesametemperature【答案】CDA【解析】本文主要介紹了2022年北京冬奧會(huì)對(duì)科學(xué)和技術(shù)的展示。26細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LieBaocanrecordspeedsofupto25meterspersecond.Itcloselytrackstheathletes’movementsandcapturesvariousscenesduringspeedskating.”可知獵豹被用在速滑比賽期間。故選C。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“whichhavebeenpresentedtopeopleinthewayofa‘timeslice’.Thesystemshowstheathletes’movementsfromtakeofftolandinginoneframe.”可知時(shí)間片段能夠在一個(gè)畫面中從頭到尾展示比賽。故選D。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesecretisanewicemakingtechnology....Thatkeepstheiceflat.”可知新的制冰技術(shù)能使冰保持平坦。故選A。BOnceinaphysicsclass,theteacheraskedstudents,“Whydowehavebrakesinourcar?”Astudentgotupandreplied,“Sir,tostopthecar.”Anotherstudentreplied,“Toreduceandcontrolthespeedofthecar.”Anothersaid,“Toavoidcrashes.“Soon,allthestudentsbegantogivesimilaranswers.So,theteacherdecidedtoanswerthequestionhimself.Hesaid,“Iappreciateallofyouranswers,althoughIlookatitthisway—thebrakesinourcarenableustomakeitrunfaster.”Listeningtothis,therewasadeepsilenceintheclassbecausenoonehadimaginedthisanswer.Theteachercontinued,“Foramoment,let’ssupposeourcarhasnobrakes,thenhowfastarewereadytodriveourcar?Itisthebrakesinourcarthatgivesuscouragetodriveourcarfasterandreachourdestination.”Allthestudentsgotconfused.Theyneverthoughtthiswayaboutbrakesinacar.Theteachersmiledandcontinued,“Similarly,therearemanysuchBrakesinourlife,whichstopusorrestrict（限制）ourmoment.Ourparents,teachers,friendsaskusaboutdirectionwewanttofollow,ourprogressordecisionsinlife.WetendtoviewtheirquestionsordifficultsituationsasBrakesthatslowusdown.Butwhatifweseethemasoursupporterthatenablesustotakeriskswhileensuringthatweprotectourselves?Fromtimetotime,wehavetostoporevenstepback,sothatwecantakeagiantstep.Itisbecauseofsuchquestionsorsituationsthatweareabletoreachwherewearetoday.WithouttheseBrakes,wecouldslip,losedirectionorbevictimofunfortunateaccidents.Therefore,weneedtounderstandthatBrakesinourlifearenotmeanttopushusbackbuttohelpusmoveforwardfasterthanbefore,sothatwecanreachourdestinationquicklyandsafely.ShouldwebethankfulforBrakesinlifeorjustseethemashindrance（障礙物）toourwork?”29.Whydothestudentsthinktherearebrakesinacar?A.Topreventaccidents. B.Tocontrolspeed. C.Tostopdriving. D.Alloftheabove.30.Theteacherthinksbrakeshelprunfasterbecause________.A.nooneknowshowtodrivewithoutbrakes.B.noonehaseverimaginedacarwithoutbrakesC.wedarenotdrivefastifwithoutbrakes.D.wecan’treachourdestinationwithoutbrakes.31.WhatdoestheteacherparetoBrakesinourlife?A.Parents,teachersandfriends B.QuestionsanddifficultiesC.Risksandaccidents D.Directionsordecisions32.Whatdoestheteachermainlywanttotellthestudents?A.Brakesareoftenmisusedandmisunderstood.B.Brakesincarsarenecessaryforincreasingspeed.C.Brakescanbeviewedassupportersandsafetyguards.D.Brakesinlifepushusbackandforceustostepback.【答案】DCBC【解析】本文主要是老師在物理課上通過(guò)講述剎車的作用來(lái)告訴學(xué)生一個(gè)哲理：把生活中你所認(rèn)為的阻礙看成讓我們積極向上奮斗的保障，他們的存在是為了讓我們更好地前進(jìn)。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sir,tostopthecar”“Toreduceandcontrolthespeedofthecar”“Toavoidcrashes”可知，學(xué)生認(rèn)為剎車可以幫助停車，減少或控制車速和避免車禍，故選D。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itisthebrakesinourcarthatgivesuscouragetodriveourcarfasterandreachourdestination”可知，如果沒有剎車，我們就不敢開快車，故選C。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WetendtoviewtheirquestionsordifficultsituationsasBrakesthatslowusdown”可知，把問(wèn)題和困難比作“剎車”，故選B。32.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Therefore,weneedtounderstandthatBrakesinourlifearenotmeanttopushusbackbuttohelpusmoveforwardfasterthanbefore,sothatwecanreachourdestinationquicklyandsafely.”可知，作者想告訴學(xué)生們：剎車可以被視為支持者和安全保衛(wèi)者，故選C。C①Teachersareoftenconsideredtobeengineersofthehumansoul.Theyareexpectedtospreadknowledge,ideasandtruth.There’sonepersoninChinawhoiscalledthe“teacherofteachers”.HeisTaoXingzhi,aChineseeducator.②BorninAnhuiprovince,China,in1891,Taostudiedabroadforeducationalphilosophy.WhenTaoreturnedtoChinain1917andbeganhisowncareerasaneducator,hedidnotblindlyfollowwesterneducationmethodsortheories.Infact,hechangedthesayingof“Educationislifeitself”to“Lifeiseducation”.Similarly,insteadof“schoolassociety(社會(huì))”,hesawitas“societyasschool”.③ForTao,educationisanactiveexperienceinreallifeinsteadoftellingandbeingtold.Hesupported“unityofteaching,learning,andreflective(反思的)acting”.④Besidesdevelopingeducationmethods,Taoalsotriedhisbesttoimprovemasseducation.AfterdoingsurveysinBeijing,TianjinandShanghaiin1921,TaowassurprisedtolearnthatinChinamorethan70%ofthepeopleinthecitydidn’tknowhowtoreadorwrite.⑤Tosolvetheproblem,Taoorganizedyoungworkersandfarmerstostudywhileworking.Todealwiththeshortageofteachersandmoney,in1927,TaosetupXiaozhuangNormalCollegeinNanjingtotrainteachersandeducators,mostofwhombecameteachersatschoolsinthecountryside.⑥InJanuary1934,hestartedthe“LittleTeacher”movementinwhichyoungstudentswereencouragedtoserveasteacherstoothers,eventothoseolderthanthemselves.UnderTao’sguidance,over18,000“l(fā)ittleteachers”wereinvitedinShanghaiwithin10months.Itlaterincluded28provincesandcitiesasakeynationwideeducationmovement.EveninthefightagainsttheJapanesearmy,Taoneverforgothisdream.HefoundedamiddleschoolinChongqingandofferedfreeeducationtopoorchildren.⑦M(jìn)aybeTao’smottoisthebestexplanationforhislife.“Givingawholeheart,yettakingnothinginreturn,notevenaleafofgrass.”33.WhatisthecorrectorderofTaoXingzhi’slifeexperiences?a.HedidsurveysindifferentplacesinChina.b.HewenttotheUStostudyeducationalphilosophy.c.Hebegantobuildcollegestotrainteachersandeducators.d.Hecalledonyoungstudentstobeteacherstoothersinneed.e.HereturnedtoChinaandstartedhisowncareerasaneducator.A.acbde B.adceb C.beacd D.bcead34.Theunderlinedphrase“masseducation”inParagraph4maymeaneducationfor________?A.youngchildren B.ordinarypeopleC.kidswithgreattalent D.poorworkers35.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingideasmayTaoXingzhiagreewith?A.Schoolisthebestplacetolearnknowledgeandvalues.B.Studentsshouldlearnfromtheworldoutsidetheirschools.C.Educationistellingandbeingtoldbetweenteachersandstudents.D.Itisthemostimportanttoteachstudentspracticalskillsinschool.36.Thestructureofthepassagemaybe________?A.B. C. D.【答案】CBBA【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了教育家陶行知。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BorninAnhuiprovince,China,in1891,Taostudiedabroadforeducationalphilosophy.”可知，陶行知曾留學(xué)國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)教育哲學(xué)；根據(jù)“WhenTaoreturnedtoChinain1917andbeganhisowncareerasaneducator”可知，他回到中國(guó)，開始了自己的教育事業(yè)；根據(jù)“AfterdoingsurveysinBeijing,TianjinandShanghaiin1921…”可知，他在中國(guó)不同的地方做了調(diào)查；根據(jù)“Todealwiththeshortage...trainteachersandeducators…”可知，他建立大學(xué)來(lái)培養(yǎng)教師和教育工作者；根據(jù)“hestartedthe‘LittleTeacher’movement...eventothoseolderthanthemselves.”可知，他號(hào)召年輕學(xué)生成為有需要的人的老師，因此正確的順序是beacd。故選C。34.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“TaowassurprisedtolearnthatinChinamorethan70%ofthepeopleinthecitydidn’tknowhowtoreadorwrite.”可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)在中國(guó)超過(guò)70%的城市居民不知道如何讀書寫字，因此“masseducation”主要是為了普通人的。故選B。35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Infact,hechangedthesayingof‘Educationislifeitself’to‘Lifeiseducation’.Similarly,insteadof‘schoolassociety’,hesawitas‘societyasschool’”可知，他把“教育即生活本身”的說(shuō)法改為“生活即教育”。同樣，他看到的不是“學(xué)校即社會(huì)”，而是“社會(huì)即學(xué)?！薄Ｒ虼丝赏浦鈱W(xué)生應(yīng)該向?qū)W校以外的世界學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。36.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第①段引出教育家陶行知，總領(lǐng)全文；第②③段介紹其對(duì)教育方法的探索；第④⑤⑥段可知講陶行知致力于大眾教育；最后一段則總結(jié)全文，收尾。故選A。DAnewresearchpublishedinNatureMachineIntelligencesuggeststhatteachingmaterialsscience,mechanicalengineering,puterscience,biologyandchemistryasabineddiscipline(綜合學(xué)科)couldhelpstudentsdeveloptheskillstheyneedtocreatelifelikeartificiallyintelligent(AI)robotsasresearchers.KnownasPhysicalAI,theserobotswillbedesignedtolookandbehavelikehumansorotheranimals.Atthesametime,theywillownintelligence(智力)normallyconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms(生物有機(jī)體).Theserobotscouldinfuturehelphumansatworkandindailyliving,performingtasksthataredangerousforhumansandhelpingwithmedicine,caregiving,security,buildingandindustry.However,today’srobotsandbiologicalbeingsexistseparatelyandtheintelligenceofthetwohavenotyetbeenbined.ColeadauthorProfessorMirkoKovacsaid,“Thedevelopmentofrobot‘bodies’hasgreatlyfallenbehindthedevelopmentofrobot‘brains’.UnlikedigitalAI,whichhasbeenstudieddeeplyinthelastfewdecades,breathingphysicalintelligenceintorobotshasremainedrelativelyunexplored.”Theresearcherssaythatthereasonforthisgapmightbethatnosystematiceducationalmethodhasyetbeendevelopedforteachingstudentsandresearcherstocreaterobotbodiesandbrainsbinedaswholeunits.Thisnewresearchsuggestsawayofoveringthegapbybiningscientificdisciplinestohelpfutureresearcherscreatelifelikerobotswithabilitiessuchasdevelopingbodilycontrol,autonomyandsensingatthesametime.ProfessorKovacsaid,“WepicturePhysicalAIrobotsbeingdevelopedinthelabbyusingunusualmaterialsandresearchmethods.Crossdisciplinarycooperationandpartnershipswillbeveryimportant.”TheresearchersalsoadvisestrengtheningresearchactivitiesinPhysicalAIbysupportingteachersonboththeinstitutionalandmunitylevel.Theysuggesthiringandsupportinguniversityeducatorswhosepriority(重點(diǎn))willbecrossdisciplinaryPhysicalAIresearch.“Creatinglifelikerobotshasbeenanimpossibletasksofar,butitcouldbemadepossiblebyincludingPhysicalAIinthehigheducationsystem,”Kovacsaid.Wehopethattheresearchers’workwillencourageactivediscussionofthetopicandwillleadtobinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationalmainstream.TheresearchersintendtocarryoutthePhysicalAImethodologyintheirresearchandeducationactivitiestohelpbuildhumanrobotecosystems.37．WhatdoweknowaboutPhysicalAIrobotsaccordingtothepassage?A．Theyhavebeenabletohelphumansatwork.B．Theywillhavehumanbrainsandanimalbodies.C．Theyhavebeendesignedtolookandactlikehumans.D．Theywillhaveintelligenceconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms.38．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thisgap”inParagraph4probablyreferto?A．Biologicalbeingshavebeenpaidenoughattentionto.B．Therobot“brains”havefallenbehindtherobot“bodies”.C．Systematiceducationalmethodhasn’tbeendevelopedbynow.D．PhysicalAIhasn’tbeenwellexploredparedwithdigitalAI.39．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．intelligenceisimportantincreatingdigitalAIrobotsB．developmentindigitalAIcanhelpproducesmarterrobotsC．unusualmaterialsmightbeusedtodevelopPhysicalAIrobotsD．wehavedevelopedlifelikerobotsbyhavingPhysicalAIineducation40．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．ToshowthedifficultiesofPhysicalAIdevelopmentandtherelatedsolutions.B．TocallforbinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationsystem.C．ToexplainthereasonwhyPhysicalintelligencehasremainedunexplored.D．ToencouragepeopletopreparefortheageofPhysicalAIprogress.【答案】DDCB【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了物理人工智能以及將物理人工智能納入教育主流系統(tǒng)中的必要性。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“theywillownintelligencenormallyconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms”可知，物理人工智能機(jī)器人將擁有與生物相關(guān)的智力。故選D。38．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“UnlikedigitalAI,whichhasbeenstudieddeeplyinthelastfewdecades,breathingphysicalintelligenceintorobotshasremainedrelativelyunexplored”可知，thisgap此處指的是上文提到的“與數(shù)字人工智能相比，物理人工智能還沒有得到很好的探索”。故選D。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文“WepicturePhysicalAIrobotsbeingdevelopedinthelabbyusingunusualmaterialsandresearchmethods”可知，科學(xué)家描繪出了實(shí)驗(yàn)室里用不尋常的材料和研究方法開發(fā)物理人工智能機(jī)器人的前景，故可推斷，不尋常的材料可能會(huì)被用于開發(fā)物理人工智能機(jī)器人。故選C。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文“Wehopethattheresearchers’workwillencourageactivediscussionofthetopicandwillleadtobinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationalmainstream”可知，作者寫此文的目的是呼吁將物理人工智能學(xué)科整合到教育主流中。故選B。第二節(jié)、閱讀填空（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀短文及文后A~E選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入41~45各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Weiqi,asanoldboardgame,wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago.And___41___.Theplayingpiecesarecalledstones.Oneplayerusesthewhitestonesandtheother,black.Theplayerstaketurnsplacingthestonesonthegameboard.Asweknow,___42___.Thestonesareplacedonthem.Weiqiisalsocalledgointheworld.Learningitcannotonlyimprovepeople’slogical(邏輯的)thinkingability,butalso__43___.That’swhyitismoreandmorepopularwithmodernpeople.IntheSuiandTangDynasties,WeiqitraveledtoJapan.andthentoEuropeinthe19thcentury.Nowithasgrownintoanimportantinternationalpetitionevent.Sofar,___44___.Amongthem,playersfromChina,JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestlevelofWeiqi.OnFebruary19,theChineseEnglishDictionaryofWeiqiTerms(術(shù)語(yǔ))cameoutinBeijing.It’sthefirstprofessionaldictionaryaboutWeiqiinChina.AsasymbolofChineseculture,__45___.Italsohasitsownwayofthinkingandthemethodofmunicating.ThedictionarywillserveasanecessarytoolandbridgeforspreadingWeiqiculture.A.WeiqihasitsspeciallanguageB.thegameisplayeduntiltodayC.itcandeveloptheircalmcharacterD.theboardsurfacehas361crosspointsE.peoplefromover40countrieshaveplayedit【答案】BDCEA【解析】文章主要講述了下圍棋的基本規(guī)則、圍棋的歷史及圍棋文化的發(fā)展。41.根據(jù)“wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago”可知講了圍棋的起源后會(huì)講這個(gè)游戲的持續(xù)時(shí)間。B項(xiàng)“這個(gè)游戲一直玩到今天”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。42.根據(jù)“Thestonesareplacedonthem.”可知此處介紹了棋子放置的位置。D項(xiàng)“棋盤面上有361個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。43.根據(jù)“That’swhyitismoreandmorepopularwithmodernpeople.”可知此處講圍棋受歡迎的原因。C項(xiàng)“它可以培養(yǎng)他們冷靜的性格”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。44.根據(jù)“Amongthem,playersfromChina,JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestlevelofWeiqi.”可知此處講玩圍棋的人之多。E項(xiàng)“來(lái)自40多個(gè)國(guó)家的人們都玩過(guò)它”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。45.根據(jù)“theChineseEnglishDictionaryofWeiqiTerms”可知有專門的圍棋術(shù)語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)“圍棋有其獨(dú)特的語(yǔ)言”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。四、寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)、語(yǔ)篇填詞（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）

閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時(shí)，要求寫出完整單詞。LastDecember,IhavegotsomeworkexperienceatSantaClausVillage,whichhasvisitorsfromallovertheworld.I’vewantedtovisitSantaClausVillageeversinceIwaslittle.Iwassoe____46____whenIarrivedthere.Asoneofthehelpers,mymainjobwastoopenandreplytothelettersfromchildrenaroundtheworld.Therewerethousandsoflettersingineveryday.Ididnotrealizehowimportantthejobwouldbebeforeworkingthere.Afewdayslater,If____47____gotthechancetomeetSantaClaushimself!HetoldmethattherehadbeenfewervisitorsthanbeforebecauseoftheCOVID19.Asaresult,thevillagemightclosedown.Ifeltsadtohearthat.SoId____48____toraisemoneyforthevillage.Tomys____49____,anoldmangavemealargeamountofmoneywhichwasbigenoughtokeepthevillageopen.Hesaidhewase____50____alotbythewordsfromSantainhischildhoodanditstilllighteduphisworld.Hehopedthelightwouldbeonforchildrenallthetime.【答案】46.(e)xcited47.(f)inally48.(d)ecided49.(s)urprise50.(e)ncouraged【解析】本文主要講述了作者從小就想去圣誕老人村，最后成功到達(dá)了，之后也見到圣誕老人本人，卻聽說(shuō)因?yàn)橛慰蜕伲フQ老人村要關(guān)門了，讓作者驚訝的是，一位老人給了作