湘豫名校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月新高考適應(yīng)性調(diào)研考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湘豫名校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月新高考適應(yīng)性調(diào)研考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WhendidMrSmithexpectthemantocall?A.Before10:15. B.Before10:30. C.Before10:45.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Hasanythingimportantcomeupyet?W:Yes,MrSmithcalledaboutfifteenminutesago.Heaskedmetohaveyoucallhimbefore10:30ifit’sconvenientforyou.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gobackhome. B.Takeoffhiscoat. C.Turnonthelights.〖答案〗A【原文】W:Lookatthewindtoday.IwishI’dtakenanextracoatwithme.M:I’llgetyouone.IjustrealizedthatIforgottoturnoffthelightsandIhavetogohomefirst.3.Whatistheman?A.Adriver. B.Amodel. C.Asalesman.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Hi,there!I’mlookingforanewcar.IhavethisoldonethatIwouldliketotradein.M:Isee.Youareinluckthismonthbecauseallofourmodelsareonsale!4.Whydoesthewomanwanttoloseweight?A.Tokeephealthy.B.Totakeweddingphotographs.C.Toattendherfriend’swedding.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Sally,youlookquitehealthy.Whyareyoustilltryingtoloseweight?W:Well,myfriendisgettingmarriednextmonth.Ihavetofitintomydressandlookniceforherwedding!5.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Thepark. B.Theoffice. C.Thesupermarket.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Hi!Haveyoujustmovedin?MynameisPeter.Ilivejustnextdoor.Nicetomeetyou.W:Nicetomeetyou,too.I’mLucy.Iguesswe’llseeeachotheroftenthen.I’mgoingtotheofficenow.Seeyou.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Motherandson. C.Brotherandsister.7.Whatcausedthedeathofthegoldfishprobably?A.Toomuchfishfood. B.Thesmallfishbowl. C.Lackofwater.〖答案〗6.B7.A【原文】W:Baby,whyareyoucrying?M:Mygoldfishdied.W:Oh,that’ssosad.I’mhereforyou,darling.M:Ilovedhersomuch.Goldiealwaysswamuptomeandblewmekisses.W:Wouldyouliketogetanothergoldfish,honey?Afterall,youstillhaveagoldfishbowlandplentyoffishfood.M:Oh,Iranoutoffishfood.W:Ithoughtyourdadboughtsomelastweek.M:Daddid.ButIfedGoldiethewholeboxforherbirthdaypresent.W:Nowondershedied.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthemanshowtothewoman?A.Hisvisa. B.HisIDcard. C.Hispassport.9.Wheredoesthemanwanttosit?A.Bythewindow.B.Bytheemergencyexit.C.Inthefrontoftheplane.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Carrylessluggage.B.Checkhisluggagein.C.Takehisluggagewithhim.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.C【原文】W:Hello.Whereareyouheadingtoday?M:I’mofftoTokyoforaweek.W:Doyouhaveyourpassportwithyou?M:Yes,hereyouare.Idon’tneedavisatogotoJapan,doI?W:Fortunatelyforyou,youdon’t.Wouldyoulikeawindowseat?M:Arethereanyseatsavailablebytheemergencyexits?W:Letmesee...Yesthere’soneleftinthebackoftheplane.M:OK,I’lltakeitthen.W:Allright.Howmanypiecesofluggageareyoucheckingin?M:IliketotravellightsoIjusthavethisone.W:Ifthat’syouronlypieceofluggage,itissmallenoughtocarryonwithyou.Here’syourboardingpass.Enjoyyourflight!聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Haveajog. B.Playbadminton. C.Gotowork.12.Whatdidthespeakersbuyyesterday?A.Sportswear. B.Joggingshoes. C.Caps.13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandathlete. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Husbandandwife.〖答案〗11.A12.B13.C【原文】M:Wakeup,darling.W:Whatfor?It’sonly6o’clockinthemorning.M:Didyouforget?Wearegoingforjogging.W:Soearly.Iamstillsosleepy.M:Getoutofyourbed.Don’tbreakouragreementonthefirstday.W:WhatshallIputon?M:Sportswearandjoggingshoes.W:Idon’thavejoggingshoes.M:Yes,youdo.Weboughtthemyesterday.W:Wedid?Oh,look!It’srainingoutside.Wecan’tgojoggingthismorning.M:Itisn’trainingoutsideandwearegoingforjoggingthismorning.Comeon.Getdressed.W:But...M:Nobuts.It’llbegoodforyourhealth.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Howmanybiologylectureswillthemanattendeveryweek?A.Five. B.Three. C.Two.15.Whydidthemanmissthemeetingforthenewstudents?A.Hehadtodoapart-timejob.B.Hewasnotinformedofitbyanyone.C.Hewasbusywiththegroupdiscussion.16.Whatistherequiredattendancerateforastudenttoearnthescholarship?A.Atleast80%. B.90%orabove. C.100%.17.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasworktodointheafternoon.B.Hethinksthetimeofthelectureistooearly.C.Heisanewteacheronbiologyintheuniversity.〖答案〗14.C15.B16.B17.A【原文】M:Hello,I’manewstudentonbiology.CanIknowsomeinformationaboutthecourses?W:Well,Ilectureonthatprogram.Whatdoyouneedtoknow?M:I’dliketoknowhowmanylecturesaweekIhavetoattend.W:Twolecturesaweek,onTuesdayandThursday.Besides,there’sonegroupdiscussioneveryFriday.M:Sowhattime?W:Letmesee...Youshouldhaveknownthisinformationyesterday,atthemeetingforthenewstudents.M:Oh,wasthereameetingyesterday?Ididn’tknowaboutthat…Noonementioned…W:Nevermind.Nowlecturesareatfourintheafternoon.M:Four’sabitlate.I’vegotapart-timejobthatstartsatfourthirty.W:Well,butattendanceatlecturesisnecessary.Weexpectatleast80%attendanceatthisuniversity,youknow.M:80%!That’shigh.W:ButI’mafraidyouhavetomeetthatrequirement.Otherwise,youcan’tgetenoughcreditstograduate.Andwhat’smore,ifyouwanttoearnthescholarship,90%attendancerateoraboveisamust.M:OK,Isee.Thankyouforyourinformation.W:You’rewelcome.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatwillthelistenersvisitfirst?A.SeaWorld. B.TheSanAntonioZoo. C.Museums.19.WhatcanthelistenersvisitindowntownSanAntonio?A.Afamouspark. B.Anoldchurch. C.Azoo.20.Whenwillthelistenersgetonthebus?A.30minuteslater. B.2hourslater. C.3hourslater.〖答案〗18.C19.B20.C【原文】Attention,everyone.WeareinSanAntonio,asmallcityintheStateofTexas.Itisaninterestingcity,becauseinthiscitywecandomanythings.Firstofall,wewillvisitmuseums,suchasachildren’smuseum,andamuseumofnaturalscience.Ifyou’reinterestedinanimals,youcanvisitSeaWorld,afamouspark.YoucanalsovisittheSanAntonioZoo,whichhasmanydifferentkindsofanimals,allintheirnaturalhabitats.TherearealsomanythingstodoindowntownSanAntonio.Thereisabeautifuloldchurch,andyoucanalsovisittheRiverWalk,awonderfulcanalthatcrossesthroughdowntown.Youcangodownitinaboat,orwalkalongit.Alongthewayyoucanlistentobeautifulmusicandeatmanydifferentkindsoffood,mostlyMexican,butalsoItalianandChinesefood.SanAntonioisreallyaninterestingcity.Enjoyyourselves!Wewillgetonthebusthreehourslater.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFeldkirchmarksthewesternmostpointofAustria,rightontheborderofSwitzerlandandLiechtenstein.ItisyourarchetypepostcardprettyAustriantownwithawell-preservedoldtownthathasremainedunchangedforcenturies.BestthingstodoinFeldkirchCoolarchitecture—MontforthausFeldkirchIfyou’reanarchitecturefan,youwillloveVorarlbergandespeciallytheMontforthausinFeldkirch.OntheedgeofthetownandunderthewatchfulgazeoftheSchattenburgCastleliestheMontforthauswithitsbeautifulroundedfrontwalls.Itisafantasticbuildingthatreallyintegrateswellwithitsmedieval(中世紀(jì)的)surroundingsthankstothelargeglassfront.Climbtothetop—SchattenburgCastleandMuseumTogetaniceperspectiveofthecity,weclimbeduptothemedievalSchattenburgCastle,theonce-upon-a-timeresidenceoftheDukeofMontfort.Housingarestaurant,thecastlealsofeaturesamuseum.Thebestpartisthefullviewofthecityfromtherooftopgallery.WheretoeatinFeldkirchLunchatLaBottegadelGustoLocatedintheheartoftheoldtownisalittlesliceofItalianheaven.TheownerandchefNicoisamanoffewwordsandthereisnosetmenuhere.Themenuissimplewithafewsuggestions—everythingwetastedherewasdelicious.For€9.95for2coursesincludingaglassofwine,thisisacrackingbargain.DinneratRestaurantKantineIfyouarealoverofstone-bakedthinNapolitanstylepizza,youwillloveKantine-bestpizzainthearea.Theappetisersarereallygood,especiallytheroastedcauliflowerintheoven·verytasty.21.WhichcountrydoesFeldkirchbelongto?A.Australia. B.Switzerland. C.Liechtenstein. D.Austria.22.WhichisoneofthebestthingstodoinFeldkirch?A.Wanderingthewell-preservedoldtowndistrict.B.ExperiencingthelifeoftheDukeofMontfort.C.MountingtheSchattenburgCastleforthefullview.D.ExploringthearchitectureoftheSchattenburgCastle.23.WhatcanwelearnabouteatinginFeldkirch?A.WecantryItaliancuisineatLaBottegadelGusto.B.Wecansamplethestone-bakedcauliflower.C.WecancookatthemedievalSchattenburgCastle.D.Wecanenjoy2courseswith€9.95atRestaurantKantine.〖答案〗21.D22.C23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要推薦奧地利最西端的城市Feldkirch一些好玩好吃的地方?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“FeldkirchmarksthewesternmostpointofAustria,rightontheborderofSwitzerlandandLiechtenstein.(費(fèi)爾德基希標(biāo)志著奧地利的最西端，就在瑞士和列支敦士登的邊界上)”可知，F(xiàn)eldkirch是位于奧地利最西端的城市。故選D。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Climbtothetop—SchattenburgCastleandMuseum部分中“Togetaniceperspectiveofthecity,weclimbeduptothemedievalSchattenburgCastle,theonce-upon-a-timeresidenceoftheDukeofMontfort.Housingarestaurant,thecastlealsofeaturesamuseum.Thebestpartisthefullviewofthecityfromtherooftopgallery.(為了更好地欣賞這座城市，我們爬上了中世紀(jì)的沙滕堡城堡，這里曾經(jīng)是蒙福特公爵的住所。城堡里有餐廳，也有博物館。最棒的是從屋頂畫廊可以看到整個(gè)城市的全景)”可知，攀登SchatteburgCastle可以提供城市的全景視角，是Feldkirch的一個(gè)最佳推薦活動(dòng)。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LunchatLaBottegadelGusto部分中“LocatedintheheartoftheoldtownisalittlesliceofItalianheaven.TheownerandchefNicoisamanoffewwordsandthereisnosetmenuhere.Themenuissimplewithafewsuggestions—everythingwetastedherewasdelicious.For€9.95for2coursesincludingaglassofwine,thisisacrackingbargain.(坐落在老城區(qū)中心的是意大利天堂的一小片。老板兼廚師Nico是個(gè)沉默寡言的人，這里沒有固定菜單。菜單很簡(jiǎn)單，只有一些建議——我們?cè)谶@里吃的每樣?xùn)|西都很好吃。兩道菜加一杯酒只要9.95歐元，真是太劃算了)”可知，我們可以在LaBottegadelGusto品嘗意大利菜。故選A。BAfrica-bound!Andonlysevenhoursleftofa19-hourflightbeforeIwouldarriveinSouthAfricaformythirdvolunteertripinthreeyears.Butthistimeitwasdifferent.I’dbetherealoneforawholeyear,withoutfriendsorfamily.Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.Ateightyearsold,Iwasparalyzed(癱瘓的)fromthewaistdowninacaraccident.Ispentmonthsinahospital,learninghowtouseawheelchair,howtogetupfromthefloorandhowtodressmyself.Basicallyhowtolivemylifeasindependentlyaspossible.Aftergraduationfromcollege,Imadeayear-longcommitmenttoLilyoftheValleyChildren’sVillage,outsideMophela,SouthAfrica,where90percentofthechildrenareinfectedwithHIV.Iwouldseetothekids’medicalneedsandteachmathandEnglish.Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?Onenight,abigstormhit.Irolledoutofmycottagethenextmorningandmychairlurched(突然傾斜),thewheelssinkingintomud.Igraspedthewheelstightandpushedhard.Thechairwouldn’tmove.Allofmyworstworriesseemedtobecomingtrue.Iwasstuck,hopelesslystuck.Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.Thewheelscamefree.Thekidsshoutedwithdelight.WhenIsaid“Thankyou!”,theylaughed,“Youhelpus.Wehelpyou.”Thatechoedinmyearsallday.Thenextmorning,thekidswerewaitingtopushmethroughthemudtohomeworkclub.Andthedayafterthat,itbecameourlittleroutine.Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.24.Whatwastheauthor’suniquechallengeduringthisvolunteerexperience?A.Overcomingphysicallimitations.B.Adaptingtoanewculturalenvironment.C.Managingalong-termsolocommitment.D.Dealingwiththeharshweatherconditions.25.HowdidtheauthorfeelinthefirstfewweeksinSouthAfrica?A.Disappointedandwantingtogiveup.B.Satisfiedwiththeprogressmade.C.Uncertainabouttheeffectivenessofhishelp.D.Frustratedbythechildren’slackofcooperation.26.Whatwastheturningpointintheauthor’srelationshipwiththechildren?A.Thechildren’svoluntaryassistance.B.Theauthor’sinitialarrivalinthevillage.C.Theauthor’sfirstteachingsession.D.Theauthor’sstrugglewiththewheelchair.27.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thestruggleofadaptingtoanewenvironment.B.Thetransformativepowerofmutualsupport.C.Thechallengesoflivingwithaphysicaldisability.D.Theimpactofeducationonunderprivilegedchildren.〖答案〗24.A25.C26.A27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是作者雖然身有殘疾，需要坐輪椅，但是在南非的志愿服務(wù)中通過與孩子們的互助，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我價(jià)值并深刻體會(huì)到了人與人之間相互支持的力量。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.(此外，我還有一個(gè)其他在非洲抗擊艾滋病的志愿者沒有的挑戰(zhàn)——我坐在輪椅上)”可知，作者在南非的志愿者經(jīng)歷中，特殊的挑戰(zhàn)是他的身體殘疾，這與其他人相比是一個(gè)額外的障礙。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?(最初的幾個(gè)星期非常艱難，比我以前做過的任何事情都要艱難。我強(qiáng)迫自己繼續(xù)嘗試。我需要證明自己。但我怎么知道自己做得好不好呢？)”可知，作者在南非的最初幾周非常艱難，他強(qiáng)迫自己繼續(xù)試，并且想知道自己是否真的做得好，這表明他不確定自己的幫助是否有效果。故選C。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.(我從眼角看到孩子們向我跑來。兩個(gè)年紀(jì)最大的抓住車把，其他人推著我往前走)”，可知，孩子們自發(fā)的幫助是作者與南非孩子們關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。作者的輪椅陷入泥潭，孩子們跑來幫助他時(shí)，他們之間的關(guān)系開始有了質(zhì)的變化。孩子們的行動(dòng)不僅幫助作者擺脫了困境，也象征著他們之間互助的開始。故選A?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.(他們幫我越多，我就越容易幫到他們。孩子們和我很親密。我在非洲那一年并不孤單。一點(diǎn)也不。我主動(dòng)聯(lián)系了我正在幫助的人，而他們反過來又成為了我的支持。我比以往任何時(shí)候都更加意識(shí)到，任何人，即使是坐在輪椅上，都可以帶來改變)”可知，這篇文章的中心主題是互助的變革力量。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷展示了即使在面臨身體障礙和孤立無援的情況下，通過與他人的相互支持，也能實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和共同發(fā)展。故選B。CChina’sChang’e6probereturnedonEarthwithrockandsoilsamplesfromthelittle-exploredfarsideofthemooninaglobalfirst.TheprobelandedintheInnerMongolianregioninnorthernChinaonTuesdayafternoon.“InowdeclarethattheChang’e6LunarExplorationMissionachievedcompletesuccess,”ZhangKejian,directoroftheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,saidinatelevisednewsconferenceafterthelanding.Chinesescientistsanticipatethereturnedsampleswillinclude2.5million-year-oldvolcanicrockandothermaterialthatscientistshopewillanswerquestionsaboutgeographicdifferencesonthemoon’stwosides.ThenearsideiswhatisseenfromEarth,andthefarsidefacesouterspace.Thefarsideisalsoknowntohavemountainsandimpactcraters(坑),contrastingwiththerelativelyflatexpansesvisibleonthenearside.Theprobehadlandedinthemoon’sSouthPole—AitkenBasin,animpactcratercreatedmorethan4billionyearsago.Thesamplesscientistsareexpectingwilllikelycomefromdifferentlayersofthebasin,whichwillbeartracesofthedifferentgeologicaleventsacrossitslongchronology(年表),suchaswhenthemoonwasyoungerandhadanactiveinsidethatcouldproducevolcanicrock.Chinainrecentyearshaslaunchedmultiplesuccessfulmissionstothemoon,collectingsamplesfromthemoon’snearsidewiththeChang’e5probepreviously.Theyarealsohopingthattheprobewillreturnwithmaterialthatbearstracesofmeteorite(隕石)strikesfromthemoon’spast.Thatmaterialcouldshedlightonthesolarsystem’searlydays.There’satheorythatthemoonactedasavacuum(真空)cleanerofsorts,attractingallthemeteoritesinthesystem’searliererasothattheydidn’thitEarth,saidRicharddeGrijs,whoisalsoexecutivedirectorattheInternationalSpaceScienceInstitute.28.WhatmakesChang’e6’smissionuniqueinlunarexplorationhistory?A.Landingonthemoon’sSouthPole.B.Confirminglunarwaterpresence.C.Collectingthemoon’sfar-sidesamples.D.Returningsamplesfromthenearside.29.Whatmaydistinguishthemoon’sfarsidefromitsnearside?A.Fewercraters. B.Earthvisibility.C.Roughlands. D.Plainsdominance.30.WhatmighttheChang’e6’ssampleshelptoknow?A.Lunarinternalactivity.B.Originofthemoon.C.Moon’sformationtimeline.D.Earth’simpactonthemoon.31.WhatrolemightthemoonhaveplayedintheearlysolarsystemaccordingtoRicharddeGrijs?A.Creatingthesolarsystem.B.Causingmeteoritestoform.C.Attractingmeteoritesforstudy.D.ProtectingEarthfrommeteorites.〖答案〗28.C29.C30.A31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了嫦娥六號(hào)探測(cè)器首次帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“China’sChang’e6probereturnedonEarthwithrockandsoilsamplesfromthelittle-exploredfarsideofthemooninaglobalfirst.(中國嫦娥六號(hào)探測(cè)器帶著來自月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本返回地球，這是全球首次)”可知，嫦娥六號(hào)探測(cè)器帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本，這是全球首次，這使得嫦娥六號(hào)的任務(wù)在月球探測(cè)史上獨(dú)一無二。故選C?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thefarsideisalsoknowntohavemountainsandimpactcraters(坑),contrastingwiththerelativelyflatexpansesvisibleonthenearside.(遠(yuǎn)側(cè)也有山和撞擊坑，與近側(cè)可見的相對(duì)平坦的廣闊區(qū)域形成鮮明對(duì)比)”可知，遠(yuǎn)側(cè)有山和撞擊坑，即遠(yuǎn)側(cè)地面高低不平。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Chinesescientistsanticipatethereturnedsampleswillinclude2.5million-year-oldvolcanicrockandothermaterialthatscientistshopewillanswerquestionsaboutgeographicdifferencesonthemoon’stwosides.(中國科學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)，返回的樣本將包括250萬年前的火山巖和其他物質(zhì)，科學(xué)家希望這些物質(zhì)能夠回答有關(guān)月球兩側(cè)地理差異的問題)”以及第六段“Thesamplesscientistsareexpectingwilllikelycomefromdifferentlayersofthebasin,whichwillbeartracesofthedifferentgeologicaleventsacrossitslongchronology(年表),suchaswhenthemoonwasyoungerandhadanactiveinsidethatcouldproducevolcanicrock.(科學(xué)家們預(yù)計(jì)，這些樣本可能來自盆地的不同層，這些層將在其漫長(zhǎng)的年代學(xué)中留下不同地質(zhì)事件的痕跡，例如月球年輕時(shí)，內(nèi)部有可能產(chǎn)生火山巖的活動(dòng))”可知，嫦娥六號(hào)的樣本可能有助于了解月球的內(nèi)部活動(dòng)。故選A。【31題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“There’satheorythatthemoonactedasavacuum(真空)cleanerofsorts,attractingallthemeteoritesinthesystem’searliererasothattheydidn’thitEarth,saidRicharddeGrijs,whoisalsoexecutivedirectorattheInternationalSpaceScienceInstitute.(國際空間科學(xué)研究所執(zhí)行主任RicharddeGrijs說，有一種理論認(rèn)為，月球就像一個(gè)真空吸塵器，吸引了該系統(tǒng)早期的所有隕石，這樣它們就不會(huì)撞擊地球)”可知，根據(jù)RicharddeGrijs的說法，月球在早期太陽系中可能吸引了所有隕石，防止它們撞擊地球，即保護(hù)地球免受早期太陽系中隕石的撞擊。故選D。DItseemsobviousthatforestswouldprovidebetterhabitatforforest-livingwildlifethanfarms.Yet,inoneofthelongest-runningstudiesoftropicalwildlifepopulationsintheworld,Stanfordresearchersfoundthatover18years,smallerfarmswithvaryingcroptypes-mixedwithpatchesorribbonsofforest—sustainmanyforest-dependentbirdpopulationsinCostaRica,evenaspopulationsdeclineinforests.InapaperpublishedonSept.4intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,NicholasHendershotandcolleaguescomparedtrendsinspecificbirdpopulationsacrossthreelandscapetypesinCostaRica:forests,diversifiedfarms,andintensiveagriculture.Thesteepestdeclineswerefoundinforests,theninintensiveagricultureandthespeciessucceedinginintensiveagriculturewereofteninvasive(侵入的).Butondiversifiedfarms,asignificantsubsetofbirdspeciestypicallyfoundinforests,includingsomeofconservationconcern,actuallyincreasedovertime.Whilethisresearchimpliesthatdiversifiedfarmingcouldbekeyforbiodiversity,therelationshipgoesbothways:biodiversityiskeyforfoodsecurity.Inthiscase,thatmeanshavingavarietyoftypesofbirdsfeedingoninsectsandhelpingtopollinate(對(duì)……授粉)crops.“Identitydoesseemtomatteralotforpestcontrolandotherecosystemservicesbirdsprovide.Thesespeciesarenotinterchangeable,”saidHendershot.Ithasbecomeincreasinglyapparentaroundtheworldthatwhileprotectedareasremaincritical,theyaretoofewandfarbetweentoprovidetheecosystemservicespeopleandnatureneedtoboom.Workinglandscapesarecrucialnowforpreservingbiodiversityanditsbenefits.“People,includingscientists,hadtheideathatfarmlandwouldnotsupportameaningfulamountofbiodiversity,”saidGretchenDaily.Inthiscase,notonlyarediversifiedfarmsthemselvesprovidinghabitat,theyconnectotherwisefragmentedforestedareas.“Webelievethefindingsofourresearcharenewtoscience,butinasense,itmerelyconfirmswhatindigenous(土著的)communitiesaroundtheworldhavealreadyknownforalongtime,whichisthathumanscanandshouldhavemutually(相互地)beneficialrelationshipswiththerestofthelocalecologicalcommunitytheyarepartof,”saidTadashiFukami,aprofessorofbiologyinH&SandofEarthsystemscienceintheStanfordDoerrSchoolofSustainabilityandaco-authorofthepaper.32WhatisknownfromtheStanfordstudyaboutbirdpopulationsinCostaRica?A.Diversifiedfarmssupportforestbirdspecies.B.Forestsarethebesthabitatforallbirdspecies.C.Intensivefarmshavenoimpactonbirdpopulations.D.Birdspeciesincreaseonlyinundisturbedforests.33.Whatisthecoremessageconveyedinparagraph3andparagraph4?A.Diversifiedfarmsenhancebirddiversity.B.Foodsecuritydependsoncroppollination.C.Birddiversityiscrucialforfoodsecurity.D.Pestcontroldoesn’trequirediversebirdspecies.34.Whatcantheunderlinedword“fragmented”inparagraph5bereplacedby?A.Separated. B.Enriched. C.Expanded. D.Transformed.35.WhatdoesTadashiFukamisayabouttheresearchfindings?A.Indigenouswisdomisnotneededfornewscience.B.Theresearchisaproofofindigenousknowledge.C.Newfindingschallengetraditionalecologicalviews.D.Thestudyrevealshumansaresuperiortonature.〖答案〗32.A33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了斯坦福大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——多樣化農(nóng)場(chǎng)與鳥類種群數(shù)量的關(guān)系?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Yet,inoneofthelongest-runningstudiesoftropicalwildlifepopulationsintheworld,Stanfordresearchersfoundthatover18years,smallerfarmswithvaryingcroptypes-mixedwithpatchesorribbonsofforest—sustainmanyforest-dependentbirdpopulationsinCostaRica,evenaspopulationsdeclineinforests.(然而，在世界上持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的熱帶野生動(dòng)物種群研究之一中，斯坦福大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在18年多的時(shí)間里，盡管森林中的鳥類種群數(shù)量減少，但種植不同作物類型的小型農(nóng)場(chǎng)——與成片或成帶的森林混合在一起——維持著哥斯達(dá)黎加許多依賴森林的鳥類種群)”可知，斯坦福大學(xué)關(guān)于哥斯達(dá)黎加鳥類種群的研究表明種植不同作物類型的小型農(nóng)場(chǎng)維持著許多依賴森林的鳥類種群，即多樣化的農(nóng)場(chǎng)支持森林鳥類。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilethisresearchimpliesthatdiversifiedfarmingcouldbekeyforbiodiversity,therelationshipgoesbothways:biodiversityiskeyforfoodsecurity.Inthiscase,thatmeanshavingavarietyoftypesofbirdsfeedingoninsectsandhelpingtopollinatecrops.(雖然這項(xiàng)研究表明，多樣化的農(nóng)業(yè)可能是生物多樣性的關(guān)鍵，但這種關(guān)系是雙向的：生物多樣性是糧食安全的關(guān)鍵。這意味著有各種類型的鳥類捕食昆蟲并幫助授粉作物。)”以及第四段““Identitydoesseemtomatteralotforpestcontrolandotherecosystemservicesbirdsprovide.Thesespeciesarenotinterchangeable,”saidHendershot.(亨德森肖特說：“身份似乎對(duì)害蟲控制和鳥類提供的其他生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)非常重要。這些物種是不可互換的?！?”可知，生物多樣性與糧食安全之間存在著相互關(guān)系，這意味著有各種類型的鳥類捕食昆蟲并幫助授粉作物，鳥類在害蟲控制和其他生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)中非常重要，即鳥類多樣性對(duì)糧食安全至關(guān)重要。故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“Workinglandscapesarecrucialnowforpreservingbiodiversityanditsbenefits.“People,includingscientists,hadtheideathatfarmlandwouldnotsupportameaningfulamountofbiodiversity,”saidGretchenDaily.Inthiscase,notonlyarediversifiedfarmsthemselvesprovidinghabitat,theyconnectotherwisefragmentedforestedareas.(現(xiàn)在，工作景觀對(duì)于保護(hù)生物多樣性及其益處至關(guān)重要。《格雷琴日?qǐng)?bào)》說：“人們，包括科學(xué)家，都認(rèn)為農(nóng)田不會(huì)支持大量的生物多樣性。”。在這種情況下，多樣化的農(nóng)場(chǎng)不僅本身提供了棲息地，還連接了否則會(huì)fragmented森林地區(qū))”可知，劃線詞匯描述森林區(qū)域被分割成小塊，不再連續(xù)，推測(cè)劃線單詞表示“破碎的，分離的”，與Separated意義相近。故選A。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Webelievethefindingsofourresearcharenewtoscience,butinasense,itmerelyconfirmswhatindigenouscommunitiesaroundtheworldhavealreadyknownforalongtime,whichisthathumanscanandshouldhavemutuallybeneficialrelationshipswiththerestofthelocalecologicalcommunitytheyarepartof,”saidTadashiFukami,aprofessorofbiologyinH&SandofEarthsystemscienceintheStanfordDoerrSchoolofSustainabilityandaco-authorofthepaper.(“我們相信我們的研究結(jié)果對(duì)科學(xué)來說是新的，但從某種意義上說，它只是證實(shí)了世界各地的土著社區(qū)長(zhǎng)期以來已經(jīng)知道的事情，即人類可以而且應(yīng)該與他們所屬的其他當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)社區(qū)建立互惠互利的關(guān)系，”健康與安全學(xué)院生物學(xué)教授、斯坦福大學(xué)多爾可持續(xù)發(fā)展學(xué)院地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)教授、該論文的合著者TadashiFukami說)”可知，F(xiàn)ukami教授指出，盡管研究結(jié)果對(duì)科學(xué)界來說是新的，但它實(shí)際上只是證實(shí)了世界各地原住民社區(qū)早已知道的事情，即人類可以并且應(yīng)該與他們所在的當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)社區(qū)建立互利的關(guān)系。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhileIadmitmylovefortheconvenienceofmodernity,____36____.Idaydreamofsittinginthewritingletterstoasister,pagesfilledwithscriptandthesoundofanink-dippedmetalnib(鋼筆尖)scratchingalongthepaper.____37____.AndIwassurprisedtohearfromparentsatotherschoolsthattheirchildrenweren’tlearninghowtowriteinscript.Andindeed,in2010,theCommonCorestandardsstoppedrequiringtheteachingofcursive(草書)inpublicschools.Butitappearsthetideisturning,andthecurlicued(花體的)linkedletters—andblockprinting,too,mypersonalprintofchoice—willnotgodownwithoutafight.Anumberofstatesarenowrequiringtheteachingofcursiveinschools,arevivalencouragedbyeducators,researchers,parents,andpoliticians.____38____.Whiletypinganddigitalfileshavebeengreatinpreventingatideofpaperwaste,whenusedproperly,writingthingsbyhandhasthebenefitthatweshouldnotignore.AreportinPsychologyTodaydescribestheimportancetobraindevelopmentoflearningcursive,duringthecourseofwhich“thebraindevelopsfunctionalspecializationthatintegratesbothsensation,movementcontrol,andthinking”.Brainimagingshowshowengagedthebrainiswhilelearningcursive:“Towriteclearcursive,finemotorcontrolisneededoverthefingers.Youhavetopayattentionandthinkaboutwhatandhowyouaredoingit.____39____.Brainimagingstudie