高級(jí)英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)Blackmail

Unit3Blackmail一、戲劇文學(xué)1.定義：戲劇文學(xué)，是指供戲劇舞臺(tái)演出用的文學(xué)劇本。劇本不僅可以供舞臺(tái)演出使用，而且作為一種獨(dú)立的文學(xué)樣式可供人們閱讀。

2.基本特點(diǎn)：（1）強(qiáng)烈的戲劇沖突詩(shī)歌散文小說(shuō)戲劇情感思想故事矛盾沖突戲劇沖突表現(xiàn)形式：在劇中人與人之間的矛盾沖突以及人物性格自身的內(nèi)在沖突。是選擇、提煉、集中概括和藝術(shù)加工的結(jié)果；展示人物性格、人物關(guān)系，反映社會(huì)生活本質(zhì)、高度典型化。緊張性、集中性必然性中的偶然性因素造成。

戲劇家的創(chuàng)作，經(jīng)常運(yùn)用偶然性來(lái)形成戲劇沖突的集中和緊張，加強(qiáng)戲劇氣氛，使情節(jié)跌宕曲折，引人入勝。

戲劇中的偶然性因素一定要符合生活的真實(shí)、人物的性格和事件發(fā)展的必然性，既要出人意料之外，又須入于情理之中。

“出人意料之外”，就是通過(guò)一些觀眾事先預(yù)料不到的偶然性的戲劇因素，使劇情的發(fā)展讓人始料不及。所謂“入于情理之中”，就是無(wú)論戲劇沖突多么奇巧，但都是符合生活邏輯的，是合于情理的。

（2）人物、事件和場(chǎng)景的高度集中化

人物的集中：一方面要求人物數(shù)量要少，關(guān)系要清晰，而且人物的性格展示要快、要突出矛盾沖突的集中：必須集中、激烈，給人以高潮迭起的感覺(jué)情節(jié)的集中：就是一個(gè)故事一經(jīng)開(kāi)端，就要想方設(shè)法引導(dǎo)其發(fā)展，盡快進(jìn)入高潮，繼而得以解決。場(chǎng)景的集中：必須把人物和事件集中到一個(gè)或幾個(gè)場(chǎng)面中來(lái)。序幕是用來(lái)交代劇中故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和時(shí)代背景的，或簡(jiǎn)要介紹劇中的主要人物及人物關(guān)系；開(kāi)端是劇本中所反映的矛盾沖突的第一個(gè)事件，引出劇本矛盾的起因，或同時(shí)點(diǎn)出次要矛盾，或設(shè)下次要矛盾的伏筆；發(fā)展是整個(gè)情節(jié)中主要的、最長(zhǎng)的部分，包括從開(kāi)端之后到高潮這一階段。在這個(gè)階段中，矛盾沖突逐步展開(kāi)和深化，人物性格和人物關(guān)系逐漸表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，直至把矛盾沖突推向高潮；高潮是矛盾沖突發(fā)展的頂點(diǎn)，是決定矛盾沖突雙方勝負(fù)和主要矛盾即將解決的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，因而，也是斗爭(zhēng)最緊張、最激烈、最尖銳的部分；結(jié)局是緊接高潮之后，主要矛盾得以解決，人物和事件有了一定的結(jié)果的部分。（3）用人物的語(yǔ)言塑造藝術(shù)形象

1、通過(guò)充分個(gè)性化的語(yǔ)言，刻畫人物性格，揭示人物關(guān)系。2、通過(guò)富有動(dòng)作性的語(yǔ)言，揭示人物的外部形態(tài)和內(nèi)心活動(dòng)。

3、通過(guò)富有潛臺(tái)詞的語(yǔ)言，揭示人物活動(dòng)的目的和實(shí)質(zhì)，反映豐富深刻的生活內(nèi)容。3.戲劇文學(xué)閱讀與欣賞的要點(diǎn)：（1）分析戲劇沖突（2）分析劇本的場(chǎng)景設(shè)置（3）分析劇本的情節(jié)安排（4）分析戲劇文學(xué)的語(yǔ)言戲劇沖突是戲劇文學(xué)表現(xiàn)人物性格和人物相互間關(guān)系的主要手段和途徑。每一個(gè)主要角色的性格特點(diǎn)、角色與角色間的相互關(guān)系都會(huì)在戲劇沖突中充分而清晰地表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。分析戲劇沖突，可以極準(zhǔn)確地把握人物的性格、弄清劇中人物相互間的關(guān)系，借鑒其塑造人物形象和處理人物關(guān)系的方法和技巧，培養(yǎng)自己謀篇與寫人的能力。

戲劇作者要在兩三個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)和幾個(gè)有限的場(chǎng)景里面表現(xiàn)劇中人物幾年、幾十年的人生遭遇或命運(yùn)，其關(guān)鍵在于場(chǎng)景的設(shè)置與選擇上面。場(chǎng)景設(shè)置與選擇得好，承載量就大，包含的內(nèi)容就多，思想表現(xiàn)力就強(qiáng)。分析劇本的場(chǎng)景設(shè)置，借鑒其裁取生活橫斷面、濃縮人物與矛盾沖突的方法，可以培養(yǎng)我們選材和剪材的能力。戲劇的情節(jié)安排，常常是偶然性與必然性的結(jié)合，情節(jié)曲折、生動(dòng)，構(gòu)思十分巧妙，出乎人的意料，又合乎事情的情理。分析劇本的情節(jié)安排，可以培養(yǎng)和提高我們構(gòu)思故事的能力。戲劇文學(xué)不同于其他文學(xué)樣式的根本特點(diǎn)在于通過(guò)劇中人物的語(yǔ)言來(lái)塑造藝術(shù)形象，揭示人物的性格，表現(xiàn)矛盾的沖突，展現(xiàn)作品的思想和主題。其語(yǔ)言個(gè)性化十分突出，表現(xiàn)力極強(qiáng)，多讀、多分析戲劇語(yǔ)言，是提高我們語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的一個(gè)十分重要而有效的途徑。UnitThree

BlackmailLead-inBackgroundInformationTextualStructureDetailedStudyoftheTextSummaryExercises

ArthurHaileyBackgroundinformation

ArthurHailey:BorninLuton,England,in1920,ArthurHaileywaseducatedinEnglishschoolsuntilagefourteen.Afterabriefcareerasanofficeboy,hejoinedtheBritishRoyalAirForcein1939andservedthroughWorldWarII,risingthroughtherankstobecomeapilotandflightlieutenant.In1947,Mr.HaileyemigratedtoCanada,wherehewassuccessivelyarealestatesalesman,businesspapereditorandasalesandadvertisingexecutive.Hebecame,andstillis,aCanadiancitizen.In1956,ArthurHaileyscoredhisfirstwritingsuccesswithaTVdrama,"FlightIntoDanger,"whichlaterbecameamotionpictureandanovel,RunwayZero-Eight.Sincethen,asanovelistandoneofthegreatstorytellersofourtime,hehasacquiredaworldwidefollowingofdevotedreadersandhisbooksarepublishedintwenty-sevenlanguages.ArthurHaileyandhiswife,Sheila,maketheirhomeatLyfordCayintheBahamas,wheretheirchildren,Jane,StevenandDiane,jointhemduringcollegevacations.BackgroundinformationInthe1960sand1970sArthurHailey,aBritish/Canadianwriter,hadastreamofenormouslysuccessfulnovelssetinverydifferentworkplaces,asindicatedbysomeoftheirtitles:Hotel,Airport,Wheels,theEveningNews.

ThoughaCanadianhimself,hesetthesceneofmostofhisworksintheUnitedStates.Eachofhisbooksdealswithoneparticularfieldofsociety.Thisismadeclearbythetitlesofhisbooks.ItisthispeculiarityofhisthatisvaluetothosewhoareeagertolearnaboutcontemporaryAmericansociety.BackgroundinformationAListofArthurHailey’sNovelsRUNWAYZERO-EIGHT.......................................1958

THEFINALDIAGNOSIS.....................................1959

INHIGHPLACES..........................................1960

HOTEL...................................................1965

AIRPORT.................................................1968

WHEELS..................................................1971

THEMONEYCHANGERS.......................................1975

OVERLOAD................................................1979

STRONGMEDICINE.........................................1984

THEEVENINGNEWS........................................1990

DETECTIVE...............................................1997areflectionofAmerica’scapitalistsociety《大飯店》是阿瑟.黑利1965年的作品。它描寫美國(guó)南部新奧爾良一家豪華的大飯店，由于老板沃倫.特倫特因循守舊，管理不善，跟不上時(shí)代的發(fā)展，結(jié)果負(fù)債累累，而被迫出售的故事。通過(guò)對(duì)這家飯店的描述，反映了美國(guó)資本主義社會(huì)形形色色的弊端和痼疾：旅館巨擎弱肉強(qiáng)食，偵探人員敲詐勒索，飯店職工貪污盜竊，黑人遭到種族歧視，上層貴族卑鄙無(wú)恥，紈绔子弟腐化墮落，富商少女精神空虛……這所有的一切，可以說(shuō)是腐朽的美國(guó)資本主義社會(huì)的一個(gè)縮影。ThingsbeforeBlackmailTheDukeisaninternationallyfamousstatesmanandthenewly-appointedBritishambassadortoWashington.HeandhiswifeoccupythebestsuiteinSt.Gregory.OnMondayeveningwhiledrivingbackwithhiswifefromagamblinghouse,theDukeknocksdownawomanandherchild.Botharekilled.theDukeandtheDuchess,however,driveaway.Thehit-and-runbecomestopsensationalnewsinNewOrleans.Thehotel’schiefhousedetectiveOgilvienoticesthebatteredcarwhenitcomesback.Insteadofreportingthistothepolice,hegoestoseetheDukeandtheDuchess…TextualanalysisReadthetextandtrytofindouteachcorrespondingelementinthetext-SettingsCharactersPlotConflictsThemeSettingAnalysisMainContents:theCroydon'ssuite

NewOrleans,LouisianaLindy’sPlaceinIrishBayouPlacesTwoimportantpropsJaguarCigarLouisianaLouisianaisastatelocatedinthesouthernregionoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.LouisianaiaborderedtothewestbythestateofTexas;tothenorthbyArkansas;totheeastbythestateofMississippi;andtothesouthbytheGulfofMexico.Para.72“Everystatearound---Texas,Arkansas,Mississippi,Alabama,alltherest’llbewatchingforacardamagedthewayyoursis.”NewOrleansNewOrleansisamajorUnitedStatesportandthelargestcityandmetropolitanareainthestateofLouisiana.Para.63“It’seasilydoneinNewOrleans,withtheStreetwindingastheydo.”TheCroydonsSuiteFromwhatthetexthasdescribedwecaninferthattheDukeandDuchesswereveryrichandhadahighsocialstatus.Para.4Hisgazemovedontosweepthespacious,well-appointedroom…Para.5…andflippedthebutttowardanornamentalfireplaceonhisright.Hemissed,andthebuttfelluponthecarpetwhereheignoredit.Europeanaristocratichierarchy(歐洲貴族等級(jí)制度）Duke(公爵)Marquis(侯爵) Earl(伯爵)

Viscount（子爵）

Baron（男爵）

DukeThehighestrankbelowaprinceorkingexceptincountrieshavingsuchtitlesasarchdukeorgrandduke.Thewifeofadukeisaduchess.InsomeEuropeancountriesadukeisasovereignprincewhorulesanindependentduchy.Becauseoftheirhighsocialstatus,theirmannersofactionandspeakingalwaysshowarrogance.Lindy’sPlaceinIrishBayouSociallifeofaristocracy:dissipated,corrupted,luxurious…Itistherootcauseofthe“hit-’n-run”andtheblackmail.Furthermore,it’sthepowerfulproofofthecorruptionordecayofAmericanupperclassesandalsothemalpracticeoftheAmericancapitalistsociety.Para.24“l(fā)astnight,earlyon,youwenttoLindy’sPlaceinIrishBayou.YoudrovethereinyourfancyJaguar,andyoutookaladyfriend.”Para.26“thewayIhearit,youwonahundredatthetables,thenlostitatthebar.Youwereintoasecondhundred-witharealswingingparty-whenyourwifeheregotthereinataxi.”JaguarThe“fancyJuguar”alsoshowstheDuke’shighsocialstatusandrichness.CigarOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessAwaveofcigarsmokeaccompaniedOgilviein.(para.3)TheDuchesslookedpointedlyatthehalf-burnedcigarinthefatman’smouth.“MyhusbandandIfindstrongsmokeoffensive.Wouldyoukindlyputthatout.?ThefirststepThereactionofDuchesswaspoliteastoshowherhonorablestatus.Ogilvie,ontheotherhand,showedthathetooknonoticeoftheDukeandDuchess.ThesecondstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessTakinghistime,Ogilvieremovedtheoffendingcigar,knockedoftheashandflippedthebutttowardanornamentalfireplaceonhisright.Para.5TheDuchess’slipstightened.Shesaidsharply,“Iimagineyoudidnotcomeheretodiscussdécor”.Ogilviethoughtthesituationwasinhiscontrolsothathedidn’tcaretherequestoftheDuchess.ThethirdstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessHetookoutafreshcigarandbitofftheend…para.16“Itoldyou---Cutitout!”Thewordsspatforthwithsuddensavagery.TheattitudeoftheDuchesswenttoaclimax.ThefourthstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchess…Helitthefreshcigar…para.21…theDuchessofCroydonsankbackintoherchair…AftertheDukesaidthathedrovethecarandkilledalittlegirl,theDuchesslostherarrogance.ThefifthstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessThehousedetectivetookhistime,leisurelypuffingacloudofbluecigarsmoke,hiseyessardonicallyontheDuchessasifchallengingherobjection.Para.23Butbeyondwrinklinghernoseindistaste,theDuchessmadenocomment.OgilviecontinuedtoprovoketheDuchess.ThesixthstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessHepausedtopuffagainatthecigar…para.42Finally,whenOgilviesaidthewholefactsofthecriminalscene,theDuchesswasbecomingsilenttothecigar.TheseventhstepOgilvieThereactionoftheDuchessThiscigarbotherin’you…h(huán)eputitout.Para.108Asshenodded…Aftermakingadealofmoney,Ogilvieconsciouslyputoutthecigar.CigarOgilvieDutchessSmokewaveComesintohouse,surveyssardonicallyLookspointedlyatthehalf-burnedcigarAshoff,buttflippedMentionsthehit-and-runRefusestoadmitFreshone,wavedunderDutchess’noseSavagethreatFacedtoOgilviesquarelylightedRideshighDukeadmits,DutchesssurrenderspuffedChallengeswithcigarsmokeAnnoyed,butsilentPuffedagainSpellsoutthefindingofhit-and-runcooperativeblackmaildebunksProvidesmoreinformation:delayofthesearchDecidestousethedelayTwosidesconsultPutoutBoughtoffwith25thousanddollarsHighestbidforhigheststake

MindmapofthestoryTextualanalysisCharacters:Major/Leadingcharacters:Ogilvie(thechiefdetectiveofthehotel)TheDuchess(aladyofhighsocialclass)Minorcharacter:theDukeofCroydonsSetting:

Place:atasuite(Croydonssuite)atahotel(St.GregoryHotel)inthecityofNewOrleans,Louisiana(asouthernstateofUSA)Time:Tuesday(p82,p.100)TextualanalysisPlot:

Basicsituation:

thehit-n-runOgilviehasfoundtheevidence

Risingaction:

OgilviegoestoseetheDukeandDuchessinordertogetmoney(blackmail).Heshowshisevidencetothem.Ogilviecontrolsthesituationandplayswithit.TextualanalysisDramaticturn(climax):

theDuchessmakestheoffer—takesthecontrolOutcome:OgilvietakestheofferTextualanalysisTheconflicts(theproblem—theendoftheproblem)Crime:Duchess:shetriestodenythefactOgilvie:hepresentstheevidencesofcrimeonebyone.Money:Ogilvie:hewantstogetlargesumofmoneyontheconditionthathekeepsquietofwhatheknowsaboutthecrime.Duchess:shewantstomakefulladvantageofOgilvie’sgreed.Shemayoffermoremoneythanhehasaskedontheconditionthathedrivesthecar(theveryevidenceofthecrime)toChicago.TextualStructureAnimportantclue---theroleofdominanceinthewholesituationThedivision:Part1:paragraph1-21(“nowwe’regettingsomewhere”)Part2:paragraph22-47(ahandtoherface,theDuchessturnedaway)Part3:Paragraph48-74

(youpeoplearehot)Part4:Paragraph75-109

(theendofthetext)TextualStructureMainideaofeachpart:Part1:Bothpartiesareequallystronginpower.Part2:ThepoweroftheDuchessisgraduallydeclining,untilshehascompletelycollapsed,whilethepowerofOgilvieisincreasinglystrengthenedandthenplaysadominatingroleintheirconversation.TextualStructurePart3:Theconversationgoesfriendly,likeatalkbetweenfriends

ratherthanrivals.Ogilviestillplaysadominatingrole.AlthoughtheDuchessisunderthecontrolofOgilvie,sheisreadytocounterattackwhenitispossible.Part4:BymakingfulluseofOgilvie’sgreed,theDuchessseizestheopportunitytoturnthedefeatintovictory(反敗為勝)Beforetheevidenceisshown

Duchess---balancing---strong,dominantOgilviestronglychallengingherpower(Offensive,challenging)AftertheevidenceisshownSurrender,collapsed (growgraduallyweak)Sharp,firm,arrogant(dominant,controlling)

Duchess---off-balance---OgilvieProposingadeal

Duchess---balancing---OgilvieBothpartiesstopconfrontingandbegintodiscussmorefriendlyhowtohidethefactAfterthedealismade

Duchess---off-balance---OgilvieTakethecompletecontrolofthesituation Powerful,demandingsubmissive,obedientDetailedStudyoftheText

PartOneAppreciation---Characterization:Ogilvie:

Appearance:piggyeyes(small,narroweyeslostinthemassofflesh)Grossjowledface(gross:big,fat,jowl:thefleshy,hangingpartunderthelowerjaw)ObesebodyThick,fleshyfingersDetailedStudyoftheTextSpeaksinfalsetto(anartificialwayofsingingorspeaking,inwhichthevoiceisplacedinaregistermuchhigherthanthatofthenaturalvoice)Bulbouscountenance(p96)Personality:cunning,sophisticated,professional

detectiveRude,coarse(粗野的)

andvulgar(粗俗的)

unscrupulous(肆無(wú)忌憚的),greedyDetailedStudyoftheTextDuchess:Tactful(老練的，圓滑的)

well-educated,awomanofstrongcharacter,firmarrogant,bornawealthyhigh-classfamily（threecenturiesofinbredarrogance）Duke:fondofgambling,liquorandwomen,cowardweak-minded,submissivetohiswifeDetailedStudyoftheTextsuite:asetorrooms.PresidentialSuite.cryptic:hidden,secret,mysteriousDuke/Duchessmarquis(marquess)/marchioness侯爵

Earl(count)/countess伯爵

viscount/viscountess[‘va?’ka?nt]子爵

baron/baroness男爵

DetailedStudyoftheTextfray:tocauserope,clothetc.tobecomethinorwornbyrubbing,sothatloosethreadsdevelopfrayedbuttonholesHisshirtisfrayedattheneck/elbows.tocauseaperson'stemper,nerves,etc.tobecomewornout神經(jīng)緊張Hisnerveswerefrayedbythenoisesinthestreet.DetailedStudyoftheTextterrier:anyofseveraltypesofsmallactivedogs,originallyusedforhunting獵狐狗wolfdog

狼狗,hound獵狗,Pekinese京吧,pug-dog獅子狗,bulldog牛頭犬etc.DetailedStudyoftheTextpointedly:directly,inanoticeableandoftenunfriendlywayoffensive:causingunpleasantorhurtingfeelingstohaveanoffensivemanner/languagepiggyeyes:smalleyeslostinthemessoffleshpiggy:dirty,greedyYouareapig(dirty,greedy,ill-mannered)DetailedStudyoftheTextsardonically:disdainfully,scornfully,cynicallygross:unpleasantlyfat,vulgar,notrefinedgrossweight/netweightjowl:thelowerpartofthesideoftheface,esp.looseskinandfleshnearthelowerjaw.appoint:toprovidewithcompleteandelegantfurnishingsorequipmentwell/badly/luxuriouslyappointedroomDetailedStudyoftheTextencompass:tosurroundonallsides,toformacircleabout,encloseTheenemyencompassedthecity.cf:compass:aninstrumentforshowingdirectiondécor:thedecorativefurnishingandarrangingofaroom,houseorstageincongruous:notharmonious,absurd,inappropriateDetailedStudyoftheTextfalsetto:unnaturallyhighvoicebyaman,esp.insingingitpaystodo(check):tobeprofitable,beworththetroubleorcosttosomebody.值得；合算，生利ItpaystothinkbeforeyouspeakItwillpaytokeepadiaryinEnglishdisgusting:strongfeelingofdislikecausedbyanunpleasantsight,soundorsmell,orbybadbehaviorDetailedStudyoftheTextblandness:gentleorpoliteinmannerortalkadversary:apersonorgrouptowhomoneisopposed,opponentorenemy.Thiswordimpliesactivehostilitycf:rival:apersonwithwhomonecompetesyourhigh-an-mightiness:(here)usedforridicule,mockeryDetailedStudyoftheTextYourGrace（大人）:toduke,duchess,archbishopYourMightiness(大人):tomarquis,count,viscount,baron,baroness:YourHighness（殿下）:toprince,princessYourhonor（閣下）:tojudgeYourMajesty（陛下）:toemperor,empress,king,queenYourExcellency（閣下）:togovernor,ambassador,archbishop,premierDetailedStudyoftheTextthrowthebook

Ifyouthrowthebookatsb.,youaccusethemofeveryoffencethatispossibleinaparticularsituation,orgivethemthegreatestpunishmentthatyouareallowedto.inbred:natural,possessedbyapersonfrombirthinbredgoodmannersDetailedStudyoftheTextspring:tojump,bound,bouncewrath:(lit.)greatanger,indignation,outrageouswither:tocausesth.tobecomedry,faded,ordeadThehotsunwitheredalltheplants.unspeakable:thatcannotbedescribedinwords,inexpressiblybad,evilDetailedStudyoftheTextblackguard:villain,awickedun-honorablepersonflicker:tomovebackwardsandforwardsunsteadily.Here:hesitate

interject:tomakeasuddenremarkbetweenothersInterjectcarriesextremelystrongimplicationofabruptorforcedintroduction.Interruptmeanstocutorbreaktheflowofsth.continuoussuchasthespeechofothersDetailedStudyoftheTextIt'snogo.

Whatyouaretryingtodowouldn'twork.AGOisanattemptatdoingsth.Ialwayswantedtohaveagoatfootball.DetailedStudyoftheText

PartTwoAppreciation:(Aftertheevidenceisshown,therelativestrengthofthetwosideschanges)OntheDuchess'sside:

struggling(掙扎),yetisdeclininginpowerTheOgilvieside:

growinggraduallystrong,andthentakingthedominatingpositionCanyoufindallofthesentencesinthetexttoshowthis?DetailedStudyoftheTextDiscussionaboutthethreeevidences;Whichevidenceisthemostimportant?HowdoesOgilviearrangethethreeevidencesinhiswords?DetailedStudyoftheTextwearily:verytired,unabletosufferanymore,unwillingtocontinue，exhaustedwrinkle:tocausetoformintolines,foldsLindy’sPlace:acasino,agamblinghousefussy:nervousaboutsmallmatters,toomuchconcernedaboutdetailsSheisveryfussyaboutherpersonalappearance.DetailedStudyoftheTextsmug:showingtoomuchsatisfactionwithone'squalities,position,etc.Helookssmugaboutknowingtheanswer.swinging:lively&up-to-date,gayandfulloflife,fashionablyfree&modern,esp.,onsexlifeoblige:todosth.forsb.asafavorPleaseobligemebyclosingthedoor.DetailedStudyoftheTextWhatgives:(sl)Whatisgoingon?outoftheway:improper,wrong,unusualParaphrase

the

sentence

“There

ain’t

much…”cluck:tomakeaclickingsoundwiththetongue,toexpressinterestorconcerntuckaway:putorpushintoaconvenientposition,toputintoaconvenientnarrowspaceforprotection,safety,etc.tuckyourshirtinsidethetrousersDetailedStudyoftheTextreproving:blaming,accusingtoreprove:toscoldorcorrectusu.gentlyorwithkindlyintent,toexpressdisapprovalcluckedhistonguereprovingly:

hemadenoisewithhistonguetoshowhisdisapproval.Howcanyoubesocareless!Ogilvieisgloatingovertheirmisfortune.DetailedStudyoftheTextlickeredup

=liquoredup,tohavedrunkalcoholicliquorexcessively,tobedrunkcf:liquor:strongalcoholicdrink,suchaswhisky,Maotai,...wine:alcoholicdrinkmadefromfruit,esp.Grapesoftdrink:non-alcoholicdrink,suchassodapop,cocacolachaser:milddrink,takenafterhardliquor,suchasbeer喝烈性酒后所飲之清淡之酒beverage:(fml)liquidfordrinking,esp.onethatisnotwater,medicineoralcoholDetailedStudyoftheTexthunch:intuitiveguessorfeeling,suspect,strongintuitivefeelingconcerningafutureeventorresult直覺(jué)scout:toobserve,examine,orsurveyinordertoobtaininformation(suchasthemovementoftheenemy)Boy/GirlScoutstrim:materialusedforornamenttodecoratesth.withribbons,laces,orornamentsDetailedStudyoftheText

Part

ThreeAppreciationUnlikethesituationsintheprevioustwoparts,

theconversation

tendstobecomefriendly,anditgoesoninasomewhatcasualway.OgilvieandDuchessaremorelikefriendsthanrivals.Itseemstheyarediscussingandtrytoworkoutasolutiontoaproblemtogether.Theendofroundthree:

theconversationis

withlessgun-powderandmorefriendlyDetailedStudyoftheTextsquareone’sshoulders/jaw:toputintoashapewithstraightlineandrightangles挺胸（以示輕蔑）DetailedStudyoftheTexttakeonamusingnote:

takeon:begintohaveanappearanceTheseinsectscantakeonthecoloroftheirsurroundings.muse:tothinkdeeply,forgettingtheworldaroundHiswordssoundsasifhewasindeepthought.DetailedStudyoftheTextQuestion:

what

does

he

think

about?Answer:

HewasgoingtoputhiscardsonthetablenowthathehadmadeitsufficientlycleartotheCroydonsthattheywereinhishands.Itisthetimeforhimtoexpresshispurposeofvisit.DetailedStudyoftheTextpoise:goodjudgmentandself-controlinone'saction,combinedwithaquietbeliefinone'sabilitiesThegymnastpoisedonthebalancebeam.getaroundto:findthenecessarytimetoIhaven'tbeenabletogetaroundtoreadingyouressay.I'llreadittonight.DetailedStudyoftheTexttwig:(Br.sl.)(slofthieves)notice,understandthemeaningof,understanddiscreetly:

carefulaboutwhatonesaysordoes;prudentholler:(colloq.)cry,shout,callYoucouldheargrandmaholleringNedfromtheupstairswindow.DetailedStudyoftheText

Part

FourAppreciationBymakingfulluseofOgilvie’sgreed,Duchessseizestheopportunitytoturnthedefeatintovictory(反敗為勝).DetailedStudyoftheTextAnalysis:rememberthefunctionofcigarforOgilvie?Nowitisunnecessaryforhimtodothatanymore,becausehegetsmorethanhehasexpectedandtheyarefriendsratherthanrival.Sohe“putitout”.TheendofRoundFour:OgilvieisunderofthecontrolofDuchess,andtheyarepartnersnow.DetailedStudyoftheTexteventuality:possibleesp.unpleasantorsurprisingevent,resultoroutcome,possibilityHeisreadyforanyeventuality.Athoughtoccurredtoher.:Whatisthethought?Answer:shewillgraspthepreciouschancetotakebackthedominatingrolebymakinguseofhisgreedyappetite.

trace:tofindouttheoriginsofsth.,tofindouthowsth.firstbegancalculatedcoolness:planned,intendedcool.Shewasnotcool,infacthermindwasracing,butshedeliberatelyappearedtobecool.Thatwasacalculatedthreat:shemeanttoannoyyou.DetailedStudyoftheTextincriminating:showingorprovingtheinvolvementofacrimeoafish:oaf:stupid,ungracefulperson,esp.Male---Whydidshemarrythatgreatoaf?DetailedStudyoftheTextcomplication:complicatedsituationSth.complicatedissocomplexthatitisexceedinglydifficulttounderstand,explain,solveortodealwithSth.complexismadeupofsomanydifferentinterrelatedpartsorelementsthatitrequiresdeepstudyofexpertknowledgetodealwithit.Notlikecomplicated,itdoesnotimplyafaultorfailure.DetailedStudyoftheTextadept:highlyskilled,understandingthemysteriesofsomeartorcraftbeadeptinmusic/playinggamesbetray:torevealunknowinglyoragainstone'swillHerredfacebetrayedhernervousness.grotesque:absurd,strange&unnaturalsoastocausefearorbelaughable,exaggeratedinanunpleasantwaysothatitisfrighteningorridiculousDetailedStudyoftheTextunequivocal:havingameaningthatcannotbemisunderstoodordoubted,unambiguous,leavingnodoubtbulbous:shapedlikeabulb,swellinganddisgustinglyfatandroundbulbousdome/noseperemptorily:(fml)impolitelyandunfriendly,commanding,insistingobedience,showinganexpectationofbeingobeyedatonceandwithoutquestionDetailedStudyoftheTextParaphrase

this

sentence:

“Her

eyes

were

riveted…mold”Herhandsomehigh-cheek-bonedfeaturesweresetinawaywhichshowsherimperialcharacter.DetailedStudyoftheTextrespite:ashortperiodofpauseorrest,duringatimeofgreateffortpain,ortrouble,atimeofrelief(asfromlabor,sufferingorwar)ordelay(asbeforesentencingorexecuting).---Sentencesb.todeathwith2-years'respite.bore:makeaholein---Thismachinecanborethroughsolidrock.DetailedStudyoftheTextswallow:totakeback,tokeepfromexpressingorshowing,toacceptwithoutprotestorresentmenttoswallowone'swords:takebackwhatwassaidsullen:silentlybad-tempered,unforgiving,dark,gloomylooksullen,towearasullenlookDetailedStudyoftheTextvacillation:hesitation,uncertainty,waver,continuouschangingofone'sopinionsThiswordimpliesprolongedhesitationresultingfromone'sinabilitytoreachadecisionHevacillatesbetweenaccepting¬accepting.dally:towastetimeorbeslowDon'tdallyorwe'llbelate.DetailedStudyoftheTextbulge:toswelloutasaresultofthepressurefromwithinSummary1.OnMondayeveningwhiledrivingbackwithhiswifefromagamblinghouse,theDukeknockeddownawomanandherchildandkilledboth.2.Insteadofreportingtothepolice,theDukeandDuchessdroveaway.3.Thehotel’schiefhousedetectiveOgilvienoticedthebatteredcarwhenitcameback.4.OgilviewenttoseetheDukeandDuchess,promisedtokeepquietaboutwhathehaddiscoveredandaskedforalargesumofmoneyinreturnforthefavor.5.TheDuchessunderstoodthehotsituationsheandherhusbandwereinandagreedtogiveOgilviethemoneyifhedrovetheircartoChicagointhenorth.Contrastincharacters’eyesBeforetheevidenceisshown:DuchessTheDuchesslookedpointedlyatthehalf-burnedcigarinthefatman’smouth.(para.3)Shelookeddirectlyandsharplyatthecigartryingtointimidatehimwithhersuperiorsocialposition.Duchess2.Hiswifeshothimaswift,warningglance.(para.8)TheDukehadmadeablunderthenightbeforebymentioningthecarinfrontofthehotel’sassistantgeneralmanagerwhenhiswifewastryinghardtoestablishsomethingofaalibi.Nowthewifewaswarninghimnottoblunderagain.Duchess3.Shemethiseyesdirec