北京航空航天大學(xué)博士考試真題2006年

北京航空航天大學(xué)2006年P(guān)artⅠListeningComprehension(20points)(略)PortⅡReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readthepassagescarefullyanddecideonthebestchoice.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneSomepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperformedinthebrainalone,butthatone'smusclesalsoparticipate.Itmaybesaidthatwethinkwithourmusclesinsomewhatthesamewaythatwelistentomusicwithourbodies.Yousurelyarenotsurprisedtobetoldthatyouusuallylistentomusicnotonlywithyourearsbutwithyourwholebody.Fewpeoplecanlistentomusicthatismoreorlessfamiliarwithoutmovingtheirbodyor,morespecifically,somepartoftheirbody.Oftenwhenonelistenstoasymphonicconcertontheradio,heistemptedtodirecttheorchestraeventhoughheknowsthereisacompetentconductoronthejob.Strangeasthisbehaviormaybe,thereisaverygoodreasonforit.Onecannotderiveallpossibleenjoymentfrommusicunlessheparticipates,sotospeak,initsperformance.Tilelistener"feels"himselfintothemusicwithmoreorlesspronouncedmotionsofhisbody.Themusclesofthebodyactuallyparticipateinthementalprocessofthinkinginthesameway,butthisparticipationislessobviousbecauseitislesspronounced.21.Somepsychologistsmaintainthatthinkingis______.A.notamentalprocessB.moreofaphysicalprocessthanamentalactionC.aprocessthatinvolvesyourentirebodyD.aprocessthatinvolvesthemusclesaswellasthebrain22.Fewpeopleareabletolistentofamiliarmusicwithout______.A.movingsomepartoftheirbodyB.stoppingwhattheyaredoingtolistenC.directingtheorchestraplayingitD.wishingthattheycouldconductmusicproperly23.Bodymovementsarenecessaryinorderforthelistenerto______.A.hearthemusicB.appreciatethemusicC.enjoythemusicfullyD.completelyunderstandthemusic24.Accordingtotheselection,muscleparticipationintheprocessofthinkingis______.A.deliberateB.obviousC.notreadilyapparentD.verypronounced25.Thebesttitleforthisselectionis______.A.AnEarforMusicB.MusicAppreciationC.HowMusclesParticipateinMentalActsD.APsychologicalDefinitionoftheThinkingProcessPassageTwoLazinessisasin—everybodyknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievemens,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever"lesser"workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators,somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas"goofingoff".Newtonwasn'tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone"lazy"tobuildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat"laziness"wascausedbytheworker'stakingtimetocheckeachsteporhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being"lazy"—thatis,takingtimeoffforarestisgoodfortheoverworkedstudentorexecutive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho'ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyeveningsattheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou'retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.26.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.A.lazinessisamoralsinB.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazyC.lazinessisthesignofdeep-seatedemotionalproblemsD.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork27.Thepassagestatesthat______.A.lazinessisadiseaseB.somepeopleappearlazybecausetheyareinsecureC.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmfulD.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness28.WhichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassageSupport?A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.29.Thefinalparagraphis______.A.gloomyB.humorousC.seriousD.ironical30."Goofingoff"asusedinparagraph2probablymeans______.A.wastingtimeB.sleepingC.workingD.chattingwithfriendsPassageThreeTheideaofhumanoidrobotsisnotnew.TheyhavebeenpartoftheimaginativelandscapeeversinceKarlCapek,aCzechwriter,firstdreamedthemupforhis1921play"Rossum'sUniversalRobots."(Theword"robot"comesfromtheCzechwordfordrudgery,robota.)Sincethen,Hollywoodhasproducedcountlessvariationsonthetheme,fromthesultryFalseMariainFritzLang'ssilentmasterpiece"Metropolis"tothewitheringC-3POin"StarWars"andtheruthlessassassinof"Terminator."Humanoidrobotshavewalkedintoourcollectivesubconscious,coloringourviewsofthefuture.ButnowJapan'sindustrialgiantsarespendingbillionsofyentomakesuchrobotsareality.Theirnewhumanoidsrepresentimpressivefeatsofengineering:whenHondaintroducedAsimo,afour-footrobotthathadbeenindevelopmentforsome15years,itwalkedsofluidlythatitswhite,articulatedexteriorseemedtoconcealahuman.Hondacontinuestomakethemachinefaster,friendlierandmoreagile.LastOctober,whenAsimowasinductedintotheRobotHallofFameinPittsburgh,itwalkedontothestageandaccepteditsownplaque.Attwoandahalffeettall,Sony'sQRIOissmallerandmoretoy-likethanAsimo.Itwalks,understandsasmallnumberofvoicecommands,andcannavigateonitsown.Ifitfallsover,itgetsupandresumeswhereitleavesoff.Itcanevenconnectwirelesslytotheinternetandbroadcastwhatitscameraeyescansee.In2003,SonydemonstratedanupgradedQRIOthatcouldrun.HondarespondedlastDecemberwithaversionofAsimothatrunsattwicethespeed.In2004,Toyotajoinedthefraywithitsownfamilyofrobots,calledPartner,oneofwhichisafour-foothumanoidthatplaysthetrumpet.Itsfingersworktheinstrument'svalves,andithasmechanicallungsandartificiallips.Toyotahopestoofferacommercialversionoftherobotby2010.Thismonth,50PartnerrobotswillactasguidesatExpo2005inAichi,Despitetheirsuddenproliferation,however,humanoidsarestillamechanicalminority.Mostoftheworld'srobotsarefaceless,footlessandmute.Theyareboltedtothefloorsoffactories,stampingoutcarpartsorweldingpiecesofmetal,makingmoremachines.AccordingtotheUnitedNations,businessordersforindustrialrobotsjumped18%inthefirsthalfof2004.Theymaysoonbeoutnumberedbydomesticrobots,suchasself-navigatingvacuumcleaners,lawnmowersandwindowwashers,whicharesellingfast.Butneitherindustrialnordomesticrobotsarehumanoid.31.InParagraph1theauthorintroduceshistopicbyrelating______.A.theideaofhumanoidrobotsB.KarlCapek'screationofrobotsC.Hollywood'sproductionofrobotfilmsD.theoriginofandpopularmoviesaboutrobots32.Accordingtotheauthor'sdescription,Asimeo______.A.isafour-leggedrobotB.seemsmorelikeahumanbeingthanamachineinactionC.seemsmorelikeamachinethanahumanbeinginactionD.isinasortofanimalform33.Sony'sQRIOcouldperformallthefollowingtasksEXCEPTA.walkingeverywherefreelyB.understandingsomewordsutteredbypeopleC.findingitswayD.continuingwalkingafteritstumbles34.FromthepassagewemayinferthatToyota'sPartnerA.ismuchbetterthananyotherrobotsB.isnomorethanamechanicdeviceC.maybeputintomassproductionD.mayspeaklikeman35.Judgingfromthecontext,thispassageisprobablywritten______.A.in2004B.in2005C.between2003-2004D.between2004-2005PassageFourOceanwaterplaysanindispensableroleinsupportinglife.Thegreatoceanbasinsholdabout300millioncubicmilesofwater.Fromthisvastamount;about80,000cubicmilesofwateraresuckingintotheatmosphereeachyearbyevaporationandreturnedbyprecipitationanddrainagetotheocean.Morethan24,000cubicmilesofraindescendannuallyuponthecontinents.Thisvastamountisrequiredtoreplenishthelakesandstreams,springsandwatertablesonwhichallfloraandfaunaaredependent.Thus,thehydrospherepermitsorganismexistence.Thehydrospherehasstrangecharacteristicsbecausewaterhaspropertiesunlikethoseofanyotherliquid.Oneanomalyisthatwateruponfreezingexpandsbyabout9percent,whereasmostliquidscontractoncooling.Forthisreason,icefloatsonwaterbodiesinsteadofsinkingtothebottom.Iftheicesank,thehydrospherewouldsoonbefrozensolidly,exceptforathinlayerofsurfacemeltwaterduringthesummerseason.Thus,allaquaticlifewouldbedestroyedandtheinterchangeofwarmandcoldcurrents,whichmoderatesclimate,wouldbenotablyabsent.Anotheroutstandingcharacteristicofwateristhatithasaheatcapacitywhichisthehighestofallliquidsandsolidsexceptammonia.Thischaracteristicenablestheoceanstoabsorbardstorevastquantitiesofheat,therebyoftenpreventingclimaticextremes.Inaddition,waterdissolvesmoresubstancesthananyotherliquid.Itisthischaracteristicwhichhelpsmakeoceansagreatstorehouseformineralswhichhavebeenwasheddownfromthecontinents.Inseveralareasoftheworldthesemineralsarebeingcommerciallyexploited.Solarevaporationofsaltiswidelypracticed,potashisextractedfromtheDeadSea,andMagnesiumisproducedfromseawateralongtheAmerican36.AcharacteristicofwaterNOTmentionedinthispassageisthatwater______.A.expandsonfreezingB.isagreatsolventC.islikeammoniaD.hasaveryhighheatcapacity37.Fromthispassage,wemayconcludethat______.A.oceanandlandmassesareequalB.oceanmassesaresmallerthanlandmassesC.itisdifficuittogetfreshwaterfromtheoceanD.noneoftheaboveiscorrect38.By"hydrosphere"theauthormeans______.A.themoistureintheairB.thepartoftheearthcoveredbywaterC.theMilkyWayD.thefrozenwatersoftheearth39.Fishcansurviveintheoceansbecause______.A.therearecurrentsintheoceanB.icefloatsC.evaporationandcondensationcreateawatercycleD.waterabsorbsheat40."Anomaly",asusedinthesecondparagraph,means______.A.stateofbeinganonymousB.abonormalityC.characteristicD.propertyPartⅢVocabulary(10points)Directions:Inthispart,thereare20sentenceswithfourchoicesbeloweachsentence.Choosethebestonefromthe4choies.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.41.EarlyexponentsofsciencefictionsuchasJulesVerneandH.G.Wellsexploredwithzestthefuturepossibilitiesopeneduptotheoptimisticimaginationbymodemtechnology.A.inspirationB.enthusiasmC.fantasyD.endeavor42.Exceptforcoarseearthen-wares,whichcanbemadefromclayasitisfoundintheearth,potteryismadefromspecialclaysplusothermaterialsmixedtoachievethedesiredresults.A.conventionalB.uniqueC.genuineD.crude43.Whenthefirebrokeoutinthebuilding,thepeoplelosttheirheadsandranintotheelevator.A.pouredB.dismayedC.panickedD.trembled44.TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)______ofwordswhicharecomparativelyseldomusedinordinaryconversation.A.altitudeB.latitudeC.multitudeD.attitude45.Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured______thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.A.inlinewithB.intermsofC.inregardwithD.bymeansof46.Radarisusedtoextendthe______ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.A.validityB.liabilityC.capacityD.intensity47.Wearewritingtothemanager______therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.A.withtheexceptionofB.withthepurposeofC.withreferencetoD.withaviewto48.Theymadedetailedinvestigationsto______themselveswiththeneedsoftheruralmarket.A.adhereB.acknowledgeC.acquaintD.activate49.Probablythere'sagoodreasonforherabsence,asshedoesn'tusuallystayawayfromwork.A.conspicuouslyB.prospectivelyC.incidentallyD.presumably50.Iwas______inmyreading,anddidn'tatfirsthearthedoorbellring.A.immuredB.immersedC.busyD.infatuated51.Theminuteslater,thepolicecameand______thecrowd.A.dismayedB.dispersedC.dismountedD.distressed52.Thereare______differencesbetweentheoryandpractice.A.legibleB.ladenC.radicalD.medieval53.Willyou______myarticletofindoutwhetherI'vemadeanymistakes?A.lookafterB.lookthroughC.lookupD.lookinto54.Whenhelivedinthatremoteplace,radiowastheonlymeanshehadtokeep______ofcurrenteventsinthecountry.A.accountB.traceC.recordD.track55.Theflashingredlightservedasa______ofdangerahead.A.predictorB.cautionC.precautionD.prevention56.Accordingtotheweatherforecast,whichisusually______,itwillsnowthisafternoon.A.accurateB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious57.Ifhisfathercouldnotkeepupthepaymentsonthemortgage,hisunclemight______itforhim.A.redeemB.amendC.resembleD.appeal58.HiswritingdepictsthischangingworldandtheincreasingculturaldiversityoftheUnitedStates.A.conflictB.refinementC.varietyD.movement59.Shewasartfulandcouldalwaysgetroundherparentsintheend.A.playB.deceiveC.confuseD.annoy60.Hebecameawarethathehadlosthisaudiencesincehehadnotbeenabletotalkcoherently.A.honestlyB.appropriatelyC.intelligiblyD.flexiblyPartⅣCloze(10points)Directions:Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldcorrectlycompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.WhowontheWorldCup2004footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNations?Howdidthecriticslikethenewplay?(61)aneventtakesplace,newspapersareonthestreet(62)thedetailswhereveranythinghappensintheworld,reportersareonthespotto(63)thenews.Newspapershaveonebasic(64)togetthenewsasquicklyaspossiblefromitssource,fromthosewhomakeittothosewhowantto(65)it.Radio,television,and(66)inventionsbroughtcompetitionfornewspapers.Sodidthedevelopmentofmagazinesandothermeansofcommunication.(67),thecompetitionmerelyspurredthenewspaperson.Theyquicklymadeuseofthenewerandfastermeansofcommunicationtoimprovethe(68)andthustheeffciencyoftheirownoperations.Todeymorenewspapersare(69)andreadthaneverbefore.Competitionalsolednewspaperstobranchoutintomanyotherfields.Besideskeepingreaders(70)ofthelatestnews,today'snewspapers(71)andinfluencereadersaboutpoliticsandotherimportantandseriousmatters.Newspapersinfluencereaders'economicchoices(72)advertising.Mostnewspapersdependonadvertisingfortheirvery(73).Newspapersaresoldatapricethat(74)evenasmallfractionofthecostofproduction.Themain(75)ofincomeformostnewspapersiscommercialadvertising.The(76)insellingadvertisingdependsonnewspaper'svaluetoadvertisers.This(77)intermsofcirculation.Howmanypeoplereadthenewspaper?Circulationdepends(78)ontheworkofthecirculationdepartmentandontheservicesorentertainment(79)inanewspaper'spages.Butforthemostpart,circulationdependsonanewspaper'svaluetoreadersasasourceofinformation(80)thecommunity,city,county,nationandworld—andevenouterspace.61.A.JustwhenB.WhileC.SoonafterD.Before62.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.beinggiven63.A.gatherB.spreadC.carryD.bring64.A.reasonB.causeC.problemD.purpose65.A.makeB.publishC.knowD.write66.A.anotherB.otherC.oneanotherD.theother67.A.HoweverB.AndC.ThereforeD.So68.A.valueB.ratioC.rateD.speed69.A.spreadB.passedC.printedD.completed70.A.informB.beinformedC.tobeinformedD.informed71.A.entertainB.encourageC.educateD.edit72.A.onB.throughC.withD.of73.A.formsB.existenceC.contentsD.purpose74.A.triestocoverB.managestocoverC.failstocoverD.succeedsin75.A.sourceB.originC.courseD.finance76.A.wayB.meansC.chanceD.success77.A.measuresB.measuredC.ismeasuredD.wagmeasured78.A.somewhatB.littleC.muchD.something79.A.offeringB.offeredC.WhichofferedD.tobeoffered80.A.byB.withC.atD.aboutPartⅤTranslation(15points)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET2.Artificialintelligenceandvirtualrealityaretwocomputer-relatedtechnologiesthatmaycastalargeshadowoneducation.Muchofschoolplanningmaybedonenotbyhumanagentsbutbyprogramscreatedbyhumanagents;andmuchofwhatwasonceaccomplishedbytextbooksandoccasionalfieldtripswillnowbeperformedinvirtualreality.Onecanask:whatisthetruthvalueofmaterialspreparedentirelybynon-humanentities?Inaturnaboutfromprevioustrends,theacquisitionofcredentialsmaybecomelessimportant.Individualswillbeabletoeducatethemselves(largelyifnotwholly)andtoexhibittheirmasteryinasimulatedsetting.Whypay$120,000togotolawschool,ifonecan"readlaw"asinearliertimesandthendemonstrateone'slegalskillsviacomputersimulation?Orlearntoflyaplanebysimilarmeans,forthatmatter?Technologyhasrevolutionizedtheworldinwhichschoolsoperate.Nowit'stimeforeducationtocatchuptochange.PartⅥWriting(15points)Directions:Writeacompositionofnolessthan200WordswiththetitleSpaceResearchontheANSWERSHEET2.參考答案與解析PartⅠListeningComprehension(20Points)(略)PartⅡReadingComprehension(30points)PassageOne21．[答案]D文章第1段提到一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為思考的過程“arenotperformedinthebrainalone,one'smusclesalsoparticipate”(不僅僅是大腦的活動(dòng)，人的肌肉也會(huì)參與)，故D項(xiàng)正確。22．[答案]A由第2段中的Fewpeoplecanlistentomusicwithoutmovingtheirbodyorsomepartoftheirbody，可得出選項(xiàng)A正確。23．[答案]C根據(jù)文中第3段，聽音樂的人只有參與其表演(participateinitsperformance)才能deriveallpossibleenjoymentfrommusic(充分享受音樂)，故選項(xiàng)C正確。24．[答案]C最后一段提到thisparticipationislessobvious(肌肉的參與過程不那么明顯)，故選項(xiàng)C“不那么清楚易見”正確。25．[答案]C文章圍繞肌肉如何參與腦力活動(dòng)展開，并以思維活動(dòng)和聽音樂為例，對其詳細(xì)闡述。選項(xiàng)C最能概括文意。PassageTwo26．[答案]B本文第1段講了lazinessisasin(懶惰是一種罪惡)，第2段又指出1azinesscanactuallybehelpful，綜合得出本文主要講的是懶惰的壞處和好處，故選項(xiàng)B正確。27．[答案]B第1段作者講述一些看來懶惰的人實(shí)際上面臨著更為嚴(yán)重的問題，后面又舉例闡述theymaybedistrustfuloftheirfellowworkers或theyareinfearoffailure，表明他們?nèi)狈Π踩小?8．[答案]A文章第2段以牛頓在閑暇時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)萬有引力定律，工人花費(fèi)一定時(shí)間檢驗(yàn)工作，過度勞累的學(xué)生、管理人員、運(yùn)動(dòng)員、醫(yī)生適當(dāng)休息為例，說明有時(shí)laziness的用法是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，提醒我們要becarefulwhenyouaretemptedtocallsomeonelazy。29．[答案]C最后一段在講述懶惰的好處，并在最后一句提醒我們Sobecarefulwhen...planninghisorhernextbook．(我們在說一個(gè)人懶惰的時(shí)候應(yīng)該注意了，因?yàn)樗?她有可能是正在思考、休息或者在計(jì)劃著自己的下一本書)?？谖鞘潜容^嚴(yán)肅的，所以答案為選項(xiàng)C。30．[答案]A文章說一些重大科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)occurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewasgoofingoff，下文又舉例說明牛頓是在很隨意閑散的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)萬有引力定律的，根據(jù)語境可推斷出此詞是含有“消磨時(shí)光”之意。PassageThree31．[答案]D作者在文章開始談到了捷克作家KarlCapek首先構(gòu)想了robot，后面又提到有關(guān)robot的幾部好萊塢電影，從而引出要討論的話題，故選項(xiàng)D符合。32．[答案]BAsimo走起路來動(dòng)作非常流暢，“itswhite,articulatedexteriorseemedtoconcealahuman”，它的白色人造外型下似乎隱藏著一個(gè)人，言外之意就是它走起路來更像人，而不像機(jī)器，故選項(xiàng)B正確。33．[答案]A本題可采用排除法。第3段對QRIO的情況進(jìn)行了描述，itunderstandsafewnumberofvoicecommands對應(yīng)B項(xiàng)，itcannavigateonitsown對應(yīng)C項(xiàng)，而“Ifitfallsover,itgetsupandresumeswhereitleavesoff對應(yīng)D項(xiàng)。文章并沒有說它可以walkeverywherefreely，選項(xiàng)A表述不正確。34．[答案]C文中第4段提到Toyotahopestoofferacommercialversionoftherobotby2010，(Toyota希望到2010年能夠使這個(gè)機(jī)器人商業(yè)化)，可推斷它們有可能大量生產(chǎn)這個(gè)叫做Partner的機(jī)器人。35．[答案]B由第4段“Thismonth,50PartnerrobotswillactasguidesatExpo2005inAichi,Japan”，可推斷出文章寫于2005年。PassageFour36．[答案]C文章并不是說Waterislikeammonia，而是說它的沸點(diǎn)比除了ammonia的其他任何液體和固體都高。因此選項(xiàng)C不是水的特征，第2、3段分別敘述了水膨脹、高溶解力和高沸點(diǎn)等特性。37．[答案]C本文并未對oceanmass與landmass進(jìn)行比較，因此選項(xiàng)A、B不正確。最后—段講到oceansagreatstorehouseformineralswhichhavebeenwasheddownfromthecontinents(大海成廠一個(gè)儲(chǔ)存從大陸上沖刷下來的諸多礦物質(zhì)的倉庫)，由此可以推斷從海水中提取淡水可能會(huì)比較困難。所以答案為選項(xiàng)C。38．[答案]B本題可以采用排除法。文章開始就提到了海洋水的蒸發(fā)、降水循環(huán)以及海陸循環(huán)，是整個(gè)水圈，而非僅大氣中的水，可排除選項(xiàng)A。選項(xiàng)C“銀河”、選項(xiàng)D“地球上的凍結(jié)水”，更不正確。B項(xiàng)是指地球上被水覆蓋的地方，比較全面。39．[答案]C第1段講到大洋水的一部分蒸發(fā)到大氣當(dāng)中，又通過降水回到海洋，還有一部分降到大陸上，來補(bǔ)充生物賴以生存的河流、湖泊，因此Hydrospherepermitsorganicexistence，可以看出生物能夠生存是由于水蒸發(fā)和凝結(jié)作用形成的水循環(huán)。40．[答案]B作者先提到，waterhaspropertiesthatunlikethoseofanyotherliquid(水的特性與其他任何一種液體都不同)，下文則緊接著以oneanomaly為例說明水在結(jié)冰時(shí)體積變大，而其他液體都縮小，可以推斷anomaly指abnormality。PartⅢVocabulary(10points)41．[答案]Bzest熱情，熱心；enthusiasm興趣，熱情；inspiration靈感，鼓舞人心的人或事；fantasy幻想；endeavor努力。42．[答案]Dcoarse粗糙的；crude粗糙的；conventional常規(guī)的，符合傳統(tǒng)的；unique獨(dú)一無二的；genuine真正的。43．[答案]Closeone'shead昏了頭，張皇失措。只有C．panicked(恐慌的，慌亂的)與之意思相近。44．[答案]Camultitudeof許多，大量；altitude高度，海拔，深度；latitude緯度；attitude態(tài)度。45．[答案]Bintermsof在事物某方面，根據(jù)……；inlinewith與……一致；inregardwith關(guān)于，至于；bymeansof用某辦法，借助于某事物。46．[答案]Dintensity(思想、感情、活動(dòng)等的)強(qiáng)烈，劇烈，緊張；validity正當(dāng)，正確性，確實(shí)；liability傾向，責(zé)任；capacity能力。47．[答案]Cwithreferenceto關(guān)于，就……而論；withtheexceptionof除……之外；withthepurposeof帶有……目的；withaviewto以……為目標(biāo)，指望于。48．[答案]Cacquaintsb．/oneselfwith熟悉或了解某事物；adhere粘附，附著；acknowledge承認(rèn)，告知收到；activate使活躍。49．[答案]Dprobably大概，也許；presumably推測起來，大概；conspicuously引人注目地；prospectively預(yù)期地；incidentally附帶地，順便提及。50．[答案]Bbeimmersedin專心于，沉浸于；immure監(jiān)禁，禁閉；bebusydoing忙于做某事；infatuate迷戀。51．[答案]Bdisperse使分散，驅(qū)散；dismay使驚恐，使驚愕；dismount使(掉)下馬，取下，卸下；distress使痛苦，使悲傷。52．[答案]Cradical根本的，基本的，徹底的；legible可辨認(rèn)的，易讀的；laden裝滿的，充滿了的，苦惱的；medieval中世紀(jì)的。53．[答案]Dlookinto仔細(xì)檢查，調(diào)查；lookafter照看，照顧；lookthrough瀏覽；lookup(在詞典參考書中)查尋。54．[答案]D句意：住在那個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地方時(shí)，收聽廣播是他了解國內(nèi)時(shí)事的唯一途徑。keeptrackof跟上……的進(jìn)展，保持與……的聯(lián)系；keepaccounts記賬；trace痕跡，遺跡，蹤跡；keeprecordof記錄，記載。55．[答案]Bcaution謹(jǐn)慎，警告；precaution預(yù)防措施或方法；predictor預(yù)測器，預(yù)報(bào)儀器；prevention預(yù)防，阻止，妨礙。56．[答案]Aaccurate準(zhǔn)確的，正確無誤的；dull枯燥的，不鮮明的；awkward笨拙的，尷尬的；tedious冗長乏味的，沉悶的。57．[答案]Aredeem取回，贖回；amend修改，更正；resemble像，類似；appeal呼吁，申述。58．[答案]Cdiversity差異，多樣性；variety多樣化，種類；conflict爭論，沖突，斗爭；refinement精致，文雅；movement運(yùn)動(dòng)，活動(dòng)。59．[答案]Bgetround說服某人同意先前反對的事；deceive欺騙某人去做某事；confuse使混亂，混淆；annoy使惱怒，打攪。60．[答案]Ccoher