2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí)-Unit-5-Theme-parks(含解析)新人教版必修4

PAGE呵呵復(fù)活復(fù)活復(fù)活Unit5Themeparks李仕才【短文語(yǔ)法填空】Theadobedwellings(土坯房)1(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven2mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir3(able)to＂aircondition＂ahousewithout4(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat5(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough6(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;7thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle8(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As9(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly10thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.【文章大意】土坯房比現(xiàn)在的房子好在冬暖夏涼?，F(xiàn)代的建筑師都很羨慕這樣的房子不用空調(diào)就能很好地調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)的溫度，關(guān)鍵是這房子的墻的厚度。1.built【解析】考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句的主語(yǔ)是Theadobedwellings，謂語(yǔ)是areadmired，因此空白處不需要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已完成的動(dòng)作。2.the【解析】考査冠詞。形容詞最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。3.ability【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作表語(yǔ)，且前有their修飾，故填名詞ability。4.using【解析】考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞without后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。5.slowly【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。6.tocool【解析】考査固定結(jié)構(gòu)/考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。enoughtodo表示＂足以……＂，不定式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。7.at【解析】考査介詞/固定搭配。atthesametime表示＂同時(shí)＂，是固定搭配。8.goes9.natural【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞。10.how【解析】考査名詞性從句的連接詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P103)一．高考單詞→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1．核心詞匯①__swing__n.秋千；搖擺vt.&vi.搖擺；擺動(dòng)②__preserve__vt.保存；保存n.保護(hù)區(qū)③__unique__adj.獨(dú)一無(wú)二的；僅有的④deedn．行動(dòng)；事跡__do__v．做⑤centraladj.中心的；中央的__centre__n．中心⑥variousadj.不同的；各種各樣的__vary__vt.使不同__variety__n．種類；多樣化⑦attractionn．有吸引力的事物；吸引__attract__vt.吸引__attractive__adj.吸引人的⑧advancevt.&vi.前進(jìn)；促進(jìn)；提前n.前進(jìn)；進(jìn)步__advanced__adj.高級(jí)的；先進(jìn)的2．常考詞匯①themen.__題目；主題曲__②lengthn.__長(zhǎng)度；長(zhǎng)__longadj.__長(zhǎng)的__③minorityn.__少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族__majorityn.__大多數(shù)__④amusementn．__消遣；娛樂(lè)；活動(dòng)__amusevt.__消遣；娛樂(lè)；使發(fā)笑__⑤tourismn.__旅游業(yè)__tourn.__旅游__vt.&vi.__旅行__⑥admissionn.__允許進(jìn)入；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；成認(rèn)__admitv.__成認(rèn)；允許進(jìn)入__⑦translatorn.__譯員；翻譯__translatev.__翻譯__translationn.__翻譯；譯文__用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,and__preserve__(preservation)itshistoryandculture.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)2．Visittofind__various__(vary)waysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)3．Boththehandmovementsandtheveryideaofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking__attracted__(attract)me.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)4．TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringinga__unique__(unique)combinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.(2024·北京卷)5．Asaresultit’slikelytoseeariseinthesizeofitsworking-agepopulationandtowitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthe__longer__(long)term.(2024·江蘇卷)6．Fromfamilypetsandwildanimalstotoys，animalsarea__central__(centre)partofeverychild’sworld.(2024·浙江卷)7．Heisdeeplymovedbytheirglorious__deeds__(deed)(2024·江蘇卷)8．Sincethen，IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceand__Advanced__(advance)Mathematics.(2024·北京卷)?“少數(shù)，多數(shù)〞家族①minorityn．少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族②majorityn．大多數(shù)③fewadj.少數(shù)的，很少的n.少數(shù)，很少，幾個(gè)④littleadj.少量的，很少的n.一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)⑤mostadj.大多數(shù)的，最多的n.大多數(shù)，大局部⑥manyadj.許多的n.許多?后綴th構(gòu)成抽象名詞集錦①length長(zhǎng)度②depth深度③strength力量④warmth溫暖⑤width寬度⑥growth生長(zhǎng)，成長(zhǎng)?后綴sion構(gòu)成抽象名詞集錦①admission成認(rèn)；允許進(jìn)入②collision碰撞；沖突；抵觸③conclusion結(jié)論④confusion困惑；混淆⑤decision決定⑥explosion爆炸⑦impression印象⑧invasion侵略⑨permission允許；許可⑩possession擁有【完形填空】Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy，especiallywhenitcomestomentalhealthproblems.InaTV__1__，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdealingwithanxietyandpanic.“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhighschool.Iputsomuch__2__onmyself，〞shesaid.“Inever__3__aclass.ButIgotsickduring10thgradeandIstartedto__4__.Thatwaswhenthepanicattacksbegan.〞Shegoesontodescribewhatapanicattack__5__like，“Onedaytheteacherhandedmemygrade__6__，andIcouldn'tbreathe.Myheartwasbeatingvery__7__.Ifeltdisconnected.IsawpeopletryingtotalktomebutIcouldn'thearthem.Afterwards，Iwassentto__8__，〞sheshared.Itwasthen__9__theattacksstartedhappening__10__daily，andtheyhaven'tstopped.“LastyearIstartedcollege.AndIcan'tbethebeststudentherenomatterhowhardItry，〞shesaid.“Everyoneisso__11__.MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto__12__myfirstsemester.〞However，nowsheisfacingheranxiety，andthingsaregettingbetter.“Iusedtotrytohide__13__.Ithoughtthat__14__nobodyknew，itwouldnotexist，〞shesaid.“ButthemoreItalkaboutmy__15__，themoreIrealizethatotherpeopleexperience__16__things.SoI'mtryingtoexpressitmore.Ihadagreatteacher__17__toldme，‘Insteadoflettinganxietykeepyoufromdoingyourart，letitbethethingthat__18__yourart.’〞Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto__19__whatanxietyislike.Weare__20__alone.1．A.projectB．programC．platformD．station2．A.weightB．heightC．pressureD．measure3．A.joinedB．succeededC．failedD．a(chǎn)ttended4．A.fallbehindB．falldownC．leavebehindD．leavealone5．A.looksB．soundsC．tastesD．feels6．A.reportB．surveyC．researchD．notice7．A.mildlyB．wildlyC．slowlyD．severely8．A.schoolB．workC．hospitalD．home9．A.whenB．sinceC．beforeD．that10．A.stillB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．merelyD．a(chǎn)lmost11．A.ambitiousB．a(chǎn)nxiousC．talentedD．experienced12．A.arrangeB．performC．operateD．cancel13．A.itB．themC．meD．us14．A.unlessB．ifC．whileD．a(chǎn)s15．A.confidenceB．dreamC．issueD．desire16．A.similarB．familiarC．variousD．serious17．A.whoB．whomC．whoseD．which18．A.abandonsB．quitsC．motivatesD．protests19．A.advertiseB．a(chǎn)dviseC．shareD．compare20．A.alwaysB．sometimesC．seldomD．never【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一個(gè)女孩分享了她曾經(jīng)的焦慮經(jīng)歷，后來(lái)，她勇敢面對(duì)焦慮，情況得以好轉(zhuǎn)。作者借這個(gè)事例說(shuō)明直面困難、坦誠(chéng)問(wèn)題往往是解決心理健康問(wèn)題的良策?！竞诵脑~匯】dealwith處理，應(yīng)付panicn．恐慌，驚恐v．使恐慌policyn．政策，策略，保險(xiǎn)單disconnectedadj.別離的，斷開(kāi)的，不連貫的，無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)的semestern．半學(xué)年，一學(xué)期1．B根據(jù)“InaTV__1__，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdealingwithanxietyandpanic〞可知，在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目(program)中，一個(gè)女孩坦誠(chéng)地分享了她克服焦慮和驚恐的經(jīng)歷，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“工程〞；C項(xiàng)意為“平臺(tái)〞；D項(xiàng)意為“站〞，都與語(yǔ)境不符。2．C根據(jù)前一句“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhighschool〞，再結(jié)合該句“Iputsomuch__2__onmyself〞可知，該句是說(shuō)，在學(xué)校里這個(gè)女孩是一位優(yōu)等生，她自己給自己施加了很多壓力。C項(xiàng)意為“壓力〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“體重〞；B項(xiàng)意為“身高〞；D項(xiàng)意為“度量單位〞，都與語(yǔ)境不符。3．C根據(jù)上文，再結(jié)合該句“Inever__3__aclass〞可知，這個(gè)女孩從沒(méi)有考試不及格過(guò)；C項(xiàng)意為“不及格〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“參加〞；B項(xiàng)意為“成功〞；D項(xiàng)意為“參加〞。4．A根據(jù)上下文可知，在十年級(jí)時(shí)這個(gè)女孩生病了，成績(jī)開(kāi)始落后；A項(xiàng)意為“落后〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“不實(shí)，不能令人滿意〞；C項(xiàng)意為“留下，遺留〞；D項(xiàng)意為“不打攪〞。5．D根據(jù)空處前后句可知，這個(gè)女孩是在描述焦慮癥發(fā)作時(shí)的感覺(jué)。feellike為固定搭配，意為“感覺(jué)像是……〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。6．A根據(jù)該句中“Onedaytheteacherhandedmemygrade__6__，andIcouldn'tbreathe〞可知，老師將成績(jī)單交給了這個(gè)女孩；表示“成績(jī)單〞用“gradereport〞，故A項(xiàng)正確。7．B根據(jù)后一句“Ifeltdisconnected〞可以判斷，這個(gè)女孩看到了她的成績(jī)單后感覺(jué)無(wú)法呼吸，心臟瘋狂地(wildly)跳動(dòng)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“溫和地〞；C項(xiàng)意為“緩慢地〞；D項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)格地〞。8．C參見(jiàn)上題解析并結(jié)合該句“Afterwards，Iwassentto__8__〞可以判斷，最后，這個(gè)女孩被送往醫(yī)院。故C項(xiàng)正確。9．D根據(jù)該句“Itwasthen__9__theattacksstartedhappening__10__daily，andtheyhaven'tstopped〞可知，該句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的局部是then，故用that引導(dǎo)句中的其他局部，故D項(xiàng)正確。10．D根據(jù)空處所在句可知，從那時(shí)起焦慮幾乎每天發(fā)生，沒(méi)有停止過(guò)。D項(xiàng)意為“幾乎〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。11．C根據(jù)空處前一句可知，在大學(xué)里，無(wú)論這個(gè)女孩怎么努力都無(wú)法成為最好的學(xué)生；結(jié)合該句“Everyoneisso__11__〞可知，每個(gè)人都有天賦；C項(xiàng)意為“有天賦的〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。12．D根據(jù)該句“MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto__12__myfirstsemester〞可知，這個(gè)女孩的焦慮癥變得如此嚴(yán)重，她不得不休學(xué)。D項(xiàng)意為“取消〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。13．A根據(jù)空處前后句可知，空處指代前一句的“anxiety〞，后一句中的“itwouldnotexist〞也是提示。故此處用it。14．B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故此處用if。15．C根據(jù)上下文可知，空處是指這個(gè)女孩的焦慮問(wèn)題。C項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)題〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“信心〞；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想〞；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望〞。16．A根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指這個(gè)女孩對(duì)她的問(wèn)題談得越多，她就越意識(shí)到其他人也經(jīng)歷過(guò)相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故A項(xiàng)正確。17．A分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“agreatteacher〞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。18．C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)用與“keepyoufromdoingyourart〞意義相反的一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。C項(xiàng)意為“鼓勵(lì)〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“放棄〞；B項(xiàng)意為“停止〞；D項(xiàng)意為“反對(duì)〞。19．C根據(jù)該句“Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto__19__whatanxietyislike〞可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦慮的經(jīng)歷。C項(xiàng)意為“分享〞，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。20．D參見(jiàn)上題解析，再結(jié)合該句“Weare__20__alone〞可知，焦慮者不是孤獨(dú)的，故用否認(rèn)詞never。二．重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1．be＋形容詞/過(guò)去分詞＋介詞①be__famous__for以……而聞名②be__familiar__with對(duì)……熟悉③be__modeled__after根據(jù)……模仿；偽造2．其他形式①come__true__實(shí)現(xiàn)②__no__wonder難怪；缺乏為奇③have__fun__玩得快樂(lè)④face__to__face面對(duì)面⑤get__close__to接近⑥come__to__life活潑起來(lái)；蘇醒⑦_(dá)_in__advance提前⑧as__well__as除……之外，還……；和⑨as__well__又，也用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountry__aswell__.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)2．Withthefullpackage，theprogrammeorganiserissupposedtocollectstudents’luggage__inadvance__.(2024·天津卷)3．SuddenlyIfoundastranger__gettingcloseto__me，whichmademealittlenervous.4．Hehasbeentheremanytimes.__Nowonder__hedoesn’tapproveoftheplangoingthereforholidays.5．Yourdreamwill__cometrue__soonerorlateraslongasyoudoyourbest.?“no＋n.〞必備短語(yǔ)一覽①nodoubt無(wú)疑，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)②nohurry不忙，不必著急③nogood毫無(wú)用處④noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題⑤nosurprise毫不意外⑥nouse無(wú)用處⑦noway沒(méi)門，不行⑧nowonder難怪；缺乏為奇?get構(gòu)成的三詞短語(yǔ)薈萃①getcloseto接近②getaccustomedto習(xí)慣于③getaheadof勝過(guò)，超過(guò)④getalongwith與……相處⑤getdownto認(rèn)真對(duì)待，開(kāi)始認(rèn)真處理⑥getfamiliarwith變得熟悉三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.Someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters，othersforshowingthefamoussightsandsoundsofaculture.有些主題公園以有最大或最長(zhǎng)的過(guò)山車而聞名，有些那么因展示了文化中的著名景點(diǎn)和聲音而聞名。some...others...“有些……有些……〞。公園里有許多人，一些人在唱歌跳舞，還有一些人在畫畫。Therearealargenumberofpeopleinthepark.__Some__aresinginganddancing；__others__aredrawing.2.Whicheverandwhateveryoulike，thereisathemeparkforyou!無(wú)論你喜愛(ài)哪一個(gè)，不管你喜愛(ài)什么，總會(huì)有一個(gè)適合你的主題公園！疑問(wèn)句ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)故事的寓意是：不遺余力地獲取知識(shí)，不管情況多么困難都不要輕易氣餒。Themoralofthestoryis：sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandnevergetdiscouragedeasily__howeverdifficultthesituationmaybe__.3.Futuroscopeisnotonlyforindividuals，butisalsotheperfectmixoffunandlearningforclassoutings.“觀測(cè)未來(lái)〞主題公園不僅僅適合個(gè)人，也適合學(xué)生全班出游，因?yàn)樗菉蕵?lè)和學(xué)習(xí)的完美結(jié)合。notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……〞，notonly放在句首時(shí)，其所在的句子要用局部倒裝我相信這些捐贈(zèng)的書不僅使你更熟悉中國(guó)而且有助于你提高漢語(yǔ)水平。IbelievethesedonatedbookswillnotonlymakeyoumorefamiliarwithChina__butalsohelpimproveyourChinese__.【短文改錯(cuò)】ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIwalkintomynewhighschool.Afterregisteredintheclassroom，thevolunteertookmetomydormitory.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates，twoofwhicharrivedlater.Igottoknowmynewroommateimmediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye〞tomyfather，buthehadtoleavetohome.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftermeandliveindependently.NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadrealbegun.【答案】ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIeq\f(walk,walked)intomynewhighschool.Aft