Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguage非限制性定語(yǔ)從句課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

授課人：Cici定于從句之：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

Non-RestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)分1（1）限制性定語(yǔ)從句：限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉之后，主句意思不明確。（2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，去掉之后，意思明確，與主句通常用“，”隔開(kāi)，把非限制性定語(yǔ)從句放在句子中，其前后都需要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。eg.Pleasepassmethebookwhich/thatisonmydesk.

PleasepassmemyChinesebook,whichisonmydesk.例句分析eg.Iwastheonlypersonwhowasinvited.例句分析我是我們辦公室唯一被邀請(qǐng)的人。(如果把從句部分去掉,整個(gè)句子的含義就變了)Iwastheonlyperson.eg.Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.

他的狗當(dāng)時(shí)很老了,生病后就死了。(去掉從句,主句的意義仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。)

1.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,指物時(shí),用which而不用that。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpictures,werewrittenbyhim.定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞先行詞MissChen,whomyoumetinthelibrary,isournewteacher.TheArabs,whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels,usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports.LiMing,whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays,isabsentfromschooltoday.2.指人時(shí)主格用who,賓格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)。3.另外關(guān)系副詞when(指時(shí)間),where(指地點(diǎn))也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(注意關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Helivesinthecity,wherethereisahightower.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,whenhewasborn.定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞先行詞WuDong,__________Iwenttotheuniversity,isjustmyhighschoolclassmate.Herbag,_________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.ThestoryabouttheLongMarch,_________thisisanexample,arewellwritten.with

whominwhichofwhich4.介詞加關(guān)系代詞也可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。1.Sheistheperson__________Italked.2.Hebroughttheresult_________thebosswassatisfied.3.Hecametoafarm,______________hefinallysettleddown.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,____________

recovered.5.Iwasreallygratefultohim,____________adviceIcouldn’thavesolvedtheproblem.Practicewithwhomwithwhichonwhich(=where)mostofwhomwithoutwhose先行詞作用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)人whowho/whomwhosewhenwhere物whichwhich非限制性注：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞（必背）不能用that和why來(lái)引導(dǎo)。不可省略先行詞作用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)人that/whothat/who/whom/不填that/不填whosewhenwherewhy物that/whichthat/which/不填限制性Practice1.Liming,________totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim2.Therearetwosmallroomsinthebeachhouse,_________servesasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.asmallerofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.smallerofthat3.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostgone,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Edisonmadealotofinventions,________ofgreatimportance.A.whichIthinkareB.whichIthinktheyareC.IthinktheyareD.thatIthinkare關(guān)系代詞whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+n.Practice5.Mymotherisgratefultothesurgeon,without________helpshewouldhavediedfromherheartattack.A.whoB.themC.whichD.whose6.Heisastrictbutkind-heartedfather,_________thechildrenrespectbutareafraidof.A./B.thatC.forwhomD.onewhom7.Emmalivedwithhergrandparentsfor3yearsinasmallvillage,__________shewenttoschoolinNewYork.A.inwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.inthat四個(gè)注意：關(guān)系代詞whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+n.一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定究竟用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞當(dāng)occasion表示“aparticulartimeorinstanceofanevent(特定的時(shí)刻、場(chǎng)合）”時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞用when

當(dāng)point,stiuation,position,case,condition,stage等詞作先行詞表示“情況、境地、場(chǎng)合”時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞用where關(guān)系副詞(when/where/why)=介詞+which限制性限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)分2（1）限制性定語(yǔ)從句：先行詞是名詞、代詞和名詞性短語(yǔ)。（2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：除這三種之外，還可以是整個(gè)句子。Themeetingwasputoff,whichgaveusmoretimetoprepare.Thelittleboywonthefirstprizeinpull-upcompetition,whichsurprisedus.Asweallknow,thePeople'sRepublicofChinahasexisted(存在)for70years.ThePeople'sRepublicofChinahasexisted(存在)for70years,asweallknow.非限制性定從的先行詞為主句時(shí),只可用as或which引導(dǎo)定從。Practice：1.________weallknow,theearthisround.2.Tomwonthecompetition,______wehadexpected.3.Globalwarming,_____weallknow,hascausedalotofnaturaldisasters.___________________asasAs_______________________________________________Practice：as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定從的區(qū)別?4.Theseappletrees,_______Iplantedthreeyearsago,havenotproducedanyfruits.5.Thelazyboygotthehighestscoreinthetest,______surprisedme.6.Johnpassedtheexam,_____madehisparentsverypleased.7.Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,_______isnottrue.whichwhichwhichwhichas位置：可置于主句前、中、后。先行詞：通常為整個(gè)主句含義：“正如，如同”___________________________which位置：置于主句之后

先行詞：可以是主句中的一個(gè)詞、主句的部分內(nèi)容、甚至整個(gè)主句含義：“這，那（件事）”as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定從的區(qū)別:限制性限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)分3all/some/many.../數(shù)詞等+ofwhich/whom為非限制性定從，限制性定從沒(méi)有這種結(jié)構(gòu)Thestudentsinourclass,manyofwhomarenotbadatMaths,wanttoimprovetheirMaths.例句分析Chinahas34provinces,someofwhichareprettypoor.判斷下列句子是限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是非限制定語(yǔ)從句1.Thismedicine,whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.2.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.3.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.4.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.5.HewantedtoknowwhatIthought,whichconfusedmebecauseIthoughtthattheauthorofthearticleknewfarmorethanIdid.定語(yǔ)從句中只能用that的情況“不”：

先行詞被no等詞修飾或先行詞為nothing，little,few等否定意義的詞修飾時(shí)?！按保骸局复挛飼r(shí)】，先行詞為不定代詞，或者被不定代詞修飾。常用的不定代

詞有some,all,any,much,many,something...

【指代人時(shí)】則不受此規(guī)則限制?！拔ㄒ弧保合刃性~被theonly

修飾時(shí)，指物表唯一。“問(wèn)題”：句中已有who

或者which,為了避免重復(fù)?！靶驍?shù)”：先行詞中有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)?！白睢保合刃性~中有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);先行詞被thevery修飾，表示“恰恰是”?！岸唷保合刃性~既指人又指物。只用which,who,whom的情況①在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人。

[例]Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.②在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用which指物，

whom指人

[例]1likethepersontowhomtheteacheristallking.③先行詞本身是that/those,指物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用which;④先行詞為those,one,he,指人時(shí)，多用who

[例1]What'sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?

[例2]Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.當(dāng)point,situation,case,condition,stage(階段)scene(情況、情形、情景)job,activity,race,life等詞作先行詞表示“情況，境地，場(chǎng)合”等意思時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，where在句中作狀語(yǔ)。[例]I'vecometothepointwhereIcan'tstandhim.我已經(jīng)到了這樣的一個(gè)境地，我已經(jīng)完全不能容忍他了。可以理解為抽象意義的地點(diǎn)。先行詞是theway,意為“方式，方法”時(shí)，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞用that/inwhich或省略。[例]

Ididn'tliketheway(that/inwhich)shetalkedtome.她對(duì)我說(shuō)話的方式，定語(yǔ)從句,不缺少成分，作狀語(yǔ)，可以理解為方式狀語(yǔ)。Testhowwellyoumasterit?PracticeYesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisownhouse,_______isahospital.

A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhich

C.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat2.Mybrother'spurse,_______heput￥1,000,wasmissingonthebus.

A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that3.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.

A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.thatThereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.

A.whichB.inwhichC.whyD.ofwhichPractice5.Hisglasses,_______hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.

A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose6.Thecomputer,_______hepaid￥3,000,